SMK KATHOLIK, 28700 BENTONG PAHANG DARUL MAKMUR

YEARLY PLAN CHEMISTRY FORM 4 2014

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

Week 1 2-3 Jan

Themes and learning areas INTRODU IN! "E#ISTR$ %& INTRODU TION TO "E#ISTR$

Learning objectives 1.1 Understanding chemistry and its importance

Suggested learning activities Collect and interpret the meaning of the word chemistry. isc!ss some e"amples of common chemicals !sed in daily life s!ch as sodi!m chloride# calci!m car$onate and acetic acid. isc!ss the !ses of these chemicals in daily life. %iew a &ideo or comp!ter co!rseware on the following' a. careers that need the knowledge of chemistry $. chemical-$ased ind!stries in (alaysia and its contri$!tion to the de&elopment of the co!ntry. )ttend talks on chemical-$ased ind!stries in (alaysia and their contri$!tion to the de&elopment of the co!ntry.

Learning outcomes ) st!dent is a$le to' e"plain the meaning of chemistry# list some common chemicals !sed in daily life# state the !ses of common chemicals in daily life# list e"amples of occ!pations that re*!ire the knowledge of chemistry# list chemical-$ased ind!stries in (alaysia# escri$e the contri$!tion of chemical-$ased ind!stries towards the de&elopment of the co!ntry.

Objektif

Struktur

Esei

2 +-, Jan

1.2 -ynthesising scientific method

.$ser&e a sit!ation and identify all &aria$les. -!ggest a *!estion s!ita$le for a scientific in&estigation. Carry o!t an acti&ity to' a. o$ser&e a sit!ation $. identify all &aria$les c. s!ggest a *!estion# d. form a hypothesis# e. select s!ita$le apparat!s#

) st!dent is a$le to' identify &aria$les in a gi&en sit!ation# identify the relationship $etween two &aria$les to form a hypothesis# design and carry o!t a simple e"periment to test the hypothesis# record and present

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

f.

list down work proced!res.

Carry o!t an e"periment and' a. collect and ta$!late data# $. present data in a s!ita$le form# c. interpret the data and draw concl!sions# d. write a complete report. 1.3 /ncorporate scientific attit!des and &al!es in cond!cting scientific in&estigations %iew &ideos or read passages a$o!t scientific in&estigations. -t!dents disc!ss and identify scientific attit!des and &al!es practised $y researchers and scientists in the &ideos or passages. -t!dents disc!ss and 0!stify the scientific attit!des and &al!es that sho!ld $e practised d!ring scientific in&estigations. 3 12-11 Jan #'TTER 'ROUND US (& T"E STRU TURE O) T"E 'TO# 2.1 )nalysing matter isc!ss and e"plain the partic!late nat!re of matter. Use models or &iew comp!ter sim!lation to disc!ss the following' a. the kinetic theory of matter# $. the meaning of atoms# molec!les and ions. Cond!ct an acti&ity to in&estigate diff!sion of particles in solid# li*!id and gas. /n&estigate the change in the state of matter $ased on the kinetic theory of matter thro!gh sim!lation or comp!ter animation. Cond!ct an acti&ity to determine the

data in a s!ita$le form# interpret data to draw a concl!sion# write a report of the in&estigation.

) st!dent is a$le to' identify scientific attit!des and &al!es practised $y scientists in carrying o!t in&estigations# practise scientific attit!des and &al!es in cond!cting scientific in&estigations.. ) st!dent is a$le to' descri$e the partic!late nat!re of matter# state the kinetic theory of matter# define atoms# molec!les and ions# relate the change in the state of matter to the change in heat# relate the change in heat to the change in kinetic energy of particles# e"plain the intercon&ersion of the states of matter in terms of kinetic

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

melting and free2ing points of ethanamide or naphthalene. 3lot and interpret the heating and the cooling c!r&es of ethanamide or naphthalene. 4 1,-23 Jan 2.2 -ynthesising atomic str!ct!re isc!ss the de&elopment of atomic models proposed $y scientists namely alton# 5homson# 6!therford# Chadwick and 7ohr. Use models or comp!ter sim!lation to ill!strate the str!ct!re of an atom as containing protons and ne!trons in the n!cle!s and electrons arranged in shells. Cond!ct acti&ities to determine the proton n!m$er# n!cleon n!m$er and the n!m$er of protons# electrons and ne!trons of an atom. Use a ta$le to compare and contrast the relati&e mass and the relati&e charge of the protons# electrons and ne!trons. /n&estigate the proton and n!cleon n!m$ers of different elements. isc!ss ' a. the relationship $etween proton n!m$er and n!cleon n!m$er# $. to make generalisation that each element has a different proton n!m$er. Carry o!t an acti&ity to write' a. the sym$ols of elements# $. the standard representation for an atom of any element# where'

theory of matter.

) st!dent is a$le to' descri$e the de&elopment of atomic model# state the main s!$atomic particles of an atom# compare and contrast the relati&e mass and the relati&e charge of the protons# electrons and ne!trons# define proton n!m$er# define n!cleon n!m$er# determine the proton n!m$er# determine the n!cleon n!m$er# relate the proton n!m$er to the n!cleon n!m$er# relate the proton n!m$er to the type of element# write the sym$ol of elements# determine the n!m$er of ne!trons# protons and electrons from the proton n!m$er and the n!cleon n!m$er and

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

) * 8 * 9 element ) 9 n!cleon n!m$er 8 9 proton n!m$er Constr!ct models or !se comp!ter sim!lation to show the atomic str!ct!re. + 21-3: Jan 2.3 Understanding isotopes and assessing their importance Collect and interpret information on' a. the meaning of isotope# $. isotopes of hydrogen# o"ygen# car$on# chlorine and $romine. Cond!ct acti&ities to determine the n!m$er of s!$atomic particles of isotopes from their proton n!m$ers and their n!cleon n!m$ers. ;ather information from the internet or from printed materials and disc!ss the !ses of isotope. -t!dy electron arrangements of &ario!s atoms and identify their &alence electrons. isc!ss the meaning of &alence electrons !sing ill!strations. Cond!ct acti&ities to' a. ill!strate electron arrangements of elements with proton n!m$ers 1 to 2:# $. write electron arrangements of elements with proton n!m$ers 1 to 2:.

&ice &ersa# constr!ct the atomic str!ct!re.

) st!dent is a$le to' state the meaning of isotope# list e"amples of elements with isotopes# determine the n!m$er of s!$atomic particles of isotopes# 0!stify the !ses of isotope in daily life.

2.4 Understanding the electronic str!ct!re of an atom

) st!dent is a$le to' descri$e electron arrangements of elements with proton n!m$ers 1 to 2:# draw electron arrangement of an atom in an element# state the meaning of &alence electrons# determine the n!m$er of &alence electrons from the electron arrangement of an atom.

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

2.+ )ppreciate the orderliness and !ni*!eness of the atomic str!ct!re

isc!ss the contri$!tions of scientists towards the de&elopment of ideas on the atomic str!ct!re. Cond!ct a story-telling competition on the historical de&elopment of the atomic str!ct!re with emphasis on the creati&ity of scientists.

) st!dent is a$le to' descri$e the contri$!tions of scientists towards the !nderstanding of the atomic str!ct!re# descri$e the creati&e and conscientio!s efforts of scientists to form a complete pict!re of matter ) st!dent is a$le to' state the meaning of relati&e atomic mass $ased on car$on-12 scale# state the meaning of relati&e molec!lar mass $ased on car$on-12 scale# state why car$on-12 is !sed as a standard for determining relati&e atomic mass and relati&e molec!lar mass# calc!late the relati&e molec!lar mass of s!$stances.

1 2-1 <e$

#'TTER 'ROUND US +& "E#I 'L )OR#UL'E 'ND E,U'TIONS

3.1 Understanding and applying the concepts of relati&e atomic mass and relati&e molec!lar mass

Collect and interpret data concerning relati&e atomic mass and relati&e molec!lar mass $ased on car$on-12 scale. isc!ss the !se of car$on-12 scale as a standard for determining relati&e atomic mass and relati&e molec!lar mass. /n&estigate the concepts of relati&e atomic mass and relati&e molec!lar mass !sing analogy or comp!ter animation. Carry o!t a *!i2 to calc!late the relati&e molec!lar mass of s!$stances $ased on the gi&en chemical form!lae# for e"ample =Cl# C.2# >a2C.3# )l?>.3@3# C!-.4.+=2.

3.2 )nalysing the relationship $etween the n!m$er of moles with the n!m$er of particles

-t!dy the mole concept !sing analogy or comp!ter sim!lation. Collect and interpret data on )&ogadro constant. isc!ss the relationship $etween the

) st!dent is a$le to' define a mole as the amo!nt of matter that contains as many particles as the n!m$er of atoms in 12 g of 12C#

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

n!m$er of particles in one mole of a s!$stance with the )&ogadro constant. Carry o!t pro$lem sol&ing acti&ities to con&ert the n!m$er of moles to the n!m$er of particles for a gi&en s!$stance and &ice &ersa.

state the meaning of )&ogadro constant# relate the n!m$er of particles in one mole of a s!$stance with the )&ogadro constant# sol&e n!merical pro$lems to con&ert the n!m$er of moles to the n!m$er of particles of a gi&en s!$stance and &ice &ersa.

A ,-13 <e$

3.3 )nalysing the relationship $etween the n!m$er of moles of a s!$stance with its mass

isc!ss the meaning of molar mass. Using analogy or comp!ter sim!lation# disc!ss to relate' a. molar mass with the )&ogadro constant# $. molar mass of a s!$stance with its relati&e atomic mass or relati&e molec!lar mass. Carry o!t pro$lem sol&ing acti&ities to con&ert the n!m$er of moles of a gi&en s!$stance to its mass and &ice &ersa.

) st!dent is a$le to' state the meaning of molar mass# relate molar mass to the )&ogadro constant# relate molar mass of a s!$stance to its relati&e atomic mass or relati&e molec!lar mass# sol&e n!merical pro$lems to con&ert the n!m$er of moles of a gi&en s!$stance to its mass and &ice &ersa. ) st!dent is a$le to' state the meaning of molar &ol!me of a gas# relate molar &ol!me of a gas to the )&ogadro constant# make generali2ation

B 11-2: <e$

3.4 )nalysing the relationship $etween the n!m$er of moles of a gas with its &ol!me

Collect and interpret data on molar &ol!me of a gas. Using comp!ter sim!lation or graphic representation# disc!ss' a. the relationship $etween molar &ol!me and )&ogadro constant# $. to make generali2ation on

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

the molar &ol!me of a gas at -53 or room conditions. Carry o!t an acti&ity to calc!late the &ol!me of gases at -53 or room conditions from the n!m$er of moles and &ice &ersa. Constr!ct a mind map to show the relationship $etween n!m$er of particles# n!m$er of moles# mass of s!$stances and &ol!me of gases at -53 and room conditions. Carry o!t pro$lem sol&ing acti&ities in&ol&ing n!m$er of particles# n!m$er of moles# mass of a s!$stance and &ol!me of gases at -53 or room conditions. , 23-2A <e$ 3.+ -ynthesising chemical form!lae Collect and interpret data on chemical form!la# empirical form!la and molec!lar form!la. Cond!ct an acti&ity to' a. determine the empirical form!la of copper?//@ o"ide !sing comp!ter sim!lation# $. determine the empirical form!la of magnesi!m o"ide# c. compare and contrast empirical form!la with molec!lar form!la. Carry o!t pro$lem sol&ing acti&ities in&ol&ing empirical and molec!lar form!lae. Carry o!t e"ercises and *!i22es in writing ionic form!lae.

on the molar &ol!me of a gas at a gi&en temperat!re and press!re# calc!late the &ol!me of gases at -53 or room conditions from the n!m$er of moles and &ice &ersa# sol&e n!merical pro$lems in&ol&ing n!m$er of particles# n!m$er of moles# mass of s!$stances and &ol!me of gases at -53 or room conditions.

) st!dent is a$le to' state the meaning of chemical form!la# state the meaning of empirical form!la# state the meaning of molec!lar form!la# determine empirical and molec!lar form!lae of s!$stances# compare and contrast empirical form!la with molec!lar form!la# sol&e n!merical pro$lems in&ol&ing empirical and molec!lar form!lae# write ionic form!lae of ions#

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

Cond!ct acti&ities to' a. constr!ct chemical form!lae of compo!nds from a gi&en ionic form!la# $. state names of chemical compo!nds !sing /U3)C nomenclat!re. 1: 2-3 (ac 3.1 /nterpreting chemical e*!ations isc!ss' a. the meaning of chemical e*!ation# $. the reactants and prod!cts in a chemical e*!ation. Constr!ct $alanced chemical e*!ations for the following reactions' a. heating of copper?//@ car$onate# C!C.3# $. formation of ammoni!m chloride# >=4Cl# c. precipitation of lead?//@ iodide# 3$/2. Carry o!t the following acti&ities' a. write and $alance chemical e*!ations# $. interpret chemical e*!ations *!antitati&ely and *!alitati&ely# c. sol&e n!merical pro$lems !sing chemical e*!ations ?stoichiometry@. 11 ,-13 (ac 3.A 3ractising scientific attit!des and &al!es in in&estigating matter isc!ss the contri$!tions of scientists for their research on relati&e atomic mass# relati&e molec!lar mass# mole concept# form!lae and chemical e*!ations. isc!ss to 0!stify the need for

constr!ct chemical form!lae of ionic compo!nds# state names of chemical compo!nds !sing /U3)C nomenclat!re.

) st!dent is a$le to' state the meaning of chemical e*!ation# identify the reactants and prod!cts of a chemical e*!ation# write and $alance chemical e*!ations interpret chemical e*!ations *!antitati&ely and *!alitati&ely# sol&e n!merical pro$lems !sing chemical e*!ations.

) st!dent is a$le to' identify positi&e scientific attit!des and &al!es practiced $y scientists in doing research on mole concept# chemical

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

scientists to practise scientific attit!des and positi&e &al!es in doing their research on atomic str!ct!res# form!lae and chemical e*!ations. isc!ss the role of chemical sym$ols# form!lae and e*!ations as tools of comm!nication in chemistry.

form!lae and chemical e*!ations# 0!stify the need to practice positi&e scientific attit!des and good &al!es in doing research on atomic str!ct!res# chemical form!lae and chemical e*!ations# !se sym$ols# chemical form!lae and e*!ations for easy and systematic comm!nication in the field of chemistry.

UJ/)> 3C>/D)/)> -)5U #'TTER 'ROUND US -& .ERIODI T'/LE O) ELE#ENTS 4.1 )nalysing the 3eriodic 5a$le of Clements Collect information on the contri$!tions of &ario!s scientists towards the de&elopment of the 3eriodic 5a$le. -t!dy the arrangement of elements in the 3eriodic 5a$le from the following aspects' a. gro!p and period# $. proton n!m$er# c. electron arrangement. Carry o!t an acti&ity to relate the electron arrangement of an element to its gro!p and period. isc!ss the ad&antages of gro!ping elements in the 3eriodic 5a$le. Cond!ct acti&ities to predict the ) st!dent is a$le to' descri$e the contri$!tions of scientists in the historical de&elopment of the 3eriodic 5a$le# identify gro!ps and periods in the 3eriodic 5a$le# state the $asic principle of arranging the elements in the 3eriodic 5a$le from their proton n!m$ers# relate the electron arrangement of an element to its gro!p and period#

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Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

gro!p and period of an element $ased on its electron arrangement.

e"plain the ad&antages of gro!ping elements in the 3eriodic 5a$le# predict the gro!p and the period of an element $ased on its electron arrangement.

4.2 )nalysing ;ro!p 1B elements

Use a ta$le to list all the elements in ;ro!p 1B. escri$e the physical properties s!ch as the physical state# density and $oiling point of ;ro!p 1B elements. isc!ss' a. changes in the physical properties of ;ro!p 1B elements# $. the inert nat!re of ;ro!p 1B elements. isc!ss the relationship $etween the electron arrangement and the inert nat!re of ;ro!p 1B elements. Use diagrams or comp!ter sim!lations to ill!strate the d!plet and octet electron arrangement of ;ro!p 1B elements to e"plain their sta$ility. ;ather information on the reasons for the !ses of ;ro!p 1B elements.

) st!dent is a$le to' list all ;ro!p 1B elements# state in general the physical properties of ;ro!p 1B elements# descri$e the changes in the physical properties of ;ro!p 1B elements# descri$e the inert nat!re of elements of ;ro!p 1B# relate the inert nat!re of ;ro!p 1B elements to their electron arrangements# relate the d!plet and octet electron arrangements of ;ro!p 1B elements to their sta$ility# descri$e !ses of ;ro!p 1B elements in daily life. ) st!dent is a$le to' list all ;ro!p 1 elements.

4.3 )nalysing ;ro!p 1 elements

;ather information and disc!ss' a. ;ro!p 1 elements# $. general physical properties

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Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

c.

d. e. f.

of lithi!m# sodi!m and potassi!m# changes in the physical properties from lithi!m to potassi!m with respect to hardness# density and melting point# chemical properties of lithi!m# sodi!m and potassi!m# the similarities in chemical properties of lithi!m# sodi!m and potassi!m# the relationship $etween the chemical properties of ;ro!p 1 elements and their electron arrangements.

Carry o!t e"periments to in&estigate the reactions of lithi!m# sodi!m and potassi!m with water and o"ygen. -t!dy the reactions of lithi!m# sodi!m and potassi!m with chlorine and $romine thro!gh comp!ter sim!lation. isc!ss changes in the reacti&ity of ;ro!p 1 elements down the gro!p. 3redict physical and chemical properties of ;ro!p 1 elements other than lithi!m# sodi!m and potassi!m. Watch m!ltimedia materials on the safety preca!tions when handling ;ro!p 1 elements. 4.4 )nalysing ;ro!p 1A elements ;ather information and disc!ss on' a. ;ro!p 1A elements# $. physical properties of chlorine# $romine and iodine with respect to their .

state the general physical properties of lithi!m# sodi!m and potassi!m# descri$e changes in the physical properties from lithi!m to potassi!m# list the chemical properties of lithi!m# sodi!m and potassi!m# descri$e the similarities in chemical properties of lithi!m# sodi!m and potassi!m# relate the chemical properties of ;ro!p 1 elements to their electron arrangements# descri$e changes in reacti&ity of ;ro!p 1 elements down the gro!p# predict physical and chemical properties of other elements in ;ro!p 1# state the safety preca!tions when handling ;ro!p 1 elements.

) st!dent is a$le to' list all ;ro!p 1A elements# state the general

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Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

c. d. e. f.

colo!r# density and $oiling point# changes in the physical properties from chlorine to iodine# descri$e the chemical properties of chlorine# $romine and iodine# the similarities in chemical properties of chlorine# $romine and iodine# the relationship $etween the chemical properties of ;ro!p 1A elements with their electron arrangements.

Carry o!t e"periments to in&estigate the reactions of chlorine# $romine and iodine with' a. water# $. metals s!ch as iron# c. sodi!m hydro"ide. isc!ss changes in the reacti&ity of ;ro!p 1A elements down the gro!p. 3redict physical and chemical properties of ;ro!p 1A elements other than chlorine# $romine and iodine. Watch m!ltimedia materials on the safety preca!tions when handling ;ro!p 1A elements. 4.+ )nalysing elements in a period Collect and interpret data on the properties of elements in 3eriod 3 s!ch as' a. proton n!m$er# $. electron arrangement# c. si2e of atom#

physical properties of chlorine# $romine and iodine# descri$e changes in the physical properties from chlorine to iodine# list the chemical properties of chlorine# $romine and iodine# descri$e the similarities in chemical properties of chlorine# $romine and iodine# relate the chemical properties of ;ro!p 1A elements with their electron arrangements# descri$e changes in reacti&ity of ;ro!p 1A elements down the gro!p# predict physical and chemical properties of other elements in ;ro!p 1A# state the safety preca!tions when handling ;ro!p 1A elements.

) st!dent is a$le to' list all elements in 3eriod 3# write electron arrangements of all

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Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

d. e.

electronegati&ity# physical state.

isc!ss changes in the properties of elements across 3eriod 3. Carry o!t e"periments to st!dy the o"ides of elements in 3eriod 3 and relate them to their metallic properties. isc!ss in small gro!ps and make a presentation on the changes of properties of o"ides of elements across 3eriod 3. isc!ss and predict changes in the properties of elements in 3eriod 2. Collect and interpret data on !ses of semi-metals i.e. silicon and germani!m in the microelectronic ind!stry. 4.1 Understanding transition elements Carry o!t an acti&ity to identify the positions of transition elements in the 3eriodic 5a$le. Collect and interpret data on properties of transition elements with respect to melting points# density# &aria$le o"idation n!m$ers and a$ility to form colo!red compo!nds. .$ser&e the colo!r of' a. a few compo!nds of transition elements# $. prod!cts of the reaction $etween a*!eo!s sol!tion of compo!nds of transition elements with sodi!m hydro"ide sol!tion# >a.=#

elements in 3eriod 3# descri$e changes in the properties of elements across 3eriod 3# state changes in the properties of the o"ides of elements across 3eriod 3# predict changes in the properties of elements across 3eriod 2# descri$e !ses of semi-metals.

) st!dent is a$le to' identify the positions of transition elements in the 3eriodic 5a$le# gi&e e"amples of transition elements# descri$e properties of transition elements# state !ses of transition elements in ind!stries.

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Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

and ammonia sol!tion# >=3?a*@. .$ser&e the colo!r of precio!s stones and identify the presence of transition elements. ;i&e e"amples on the !se of transition elements as catalysts in ind!stries. 4.A )ppreciating the e"istence of elements and their compo!nds ;ather information on efforts of scientists in disco&ering the properties of elements and make a m!ltimedia presentation. isc!ss in a for!m a$o!t life witho!t &ario!s elements and compo!nds. Carry o!t pro0ects to collect specimens or pict!res of &ario!s types of rocks. isc!ss and practise ways to handle chemicals safely and to a&oid their wastage. ) st!dent is a$le to' descri$e efforts of scientists in disco&ering the properties of elements# descri$e what life wo!ld $e witho!t di&erse elements and compo!nds# identify different colo!rs in compo!nds of transition elements fo!nd nat!rally# handle chemicals wisely. ) st!dent is a$le to' e"plain the sta$ility of inert gases# e"plain conditions for the formation of chemical $onds# state types of chemical $onds.

#'TTER 'ROUND US LE'RNIN! 'RE' 0 1& "E#I 'L /ONDS

+.1 Understanding formation of compo!nds

Collect and interpret data on the e"istence of &ario!s nat!rally occ!rring compo!nds for e"ample# water# =2.# car$on dio"ide# C.2# and minerals to introd!ce the concept of chemical $onds. isc!ss' a. the sta$ility of inert gases with respect to the electron arrangement# $. conditions for the formation of chemical

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Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

c.

$onds# types of chemical $onds. ) st!dent is a$le to' e"plain formation of ions# write electron arrangements for the ions formed# e"plain formation of ionic $ond# ill!strate electron arrangement of an ionic $ond# ill!strate formation of ionic $ond.

Use comp!ter sim!lation to e"plain formation of ions and electron arrangement of ions. Cond!ct an acti&ity to prepare ionic compo!nds for e"ample# magnesi!m o"ide# (g.# sodi!m chloride# >aCl and iron?///@ chloride# <eCl3 . Carry o!t an acti&ity to ill!strate formation of ionic $ond thro!gh models# diagrams or comp!ter sim!lation. Use comp!ter sim!lation to ill!strate the e"istence of electrostatic force $etween ions of opposite charges in ionic $ond. +.3 -ynthesising ideas on formation of co&alent $ond Collect and interpret data on the meaning of co&alent $ond. Use models and comp!ter sim!lation to ill!strate formation of' a. single $ond in hydrogen# =2# chlorine# Cl2# hydrogen chloride# =Cl# water# =2.# methane# C=4# ammonia# >=3# tetrachloromethane# CCl4# $. do!$le $ond in o"ygen# .2# car$on dio"ide# C.2# c. triple $ond in nitrogen# >2. raw diagrams showing electron arrangements for the formation of co&alent $ond incl!ding Dewis

+.2 -ynthesising ideas on formation of ionic $ond

) st!dent is a$le to' state the meaning of co&alent $ond# e"plain formation of co&alent $ond# ill!strate formation of a co&alent $ond $y drawing electron arrangement# ill!strate formation of co&alent $ond# compare and contrast formation of ionic and co&alent $onds.

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Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

str!ct!re. isc!ss and constr!ct a mind map to compare the formation of co&alent $ond with ionic $ond. Collect and interpret data on properties of ionic and co&alent compo!nds. Work in gro!ps to carry o!t an acti&ity to compare the following properties of ionic and co&alent compo!nds' a. melting and $oiling points# $. electrical cond!cti&ities# c. sol!$ilities in water and organic sol&ents. isc!ss' a. differences in electrical cond!cti&ities of ionic and co&alent compo!nds d!e to the presence of ions# $. differences in the melting and $oiling points of ionic and co&alent compo!nds. ;ather information on !ses of co&alent compo!nds as sol&ents in daily life. ) st!dent is a$le to' list properties of ionic compo!nds# list properties of co&alent compo!nds# e"plain differences in the electrical cond!cti&ity of ionic and co&alent compo!nds# descri$e differences in melting and $oiling points of ionic and co&alent compo!nds# compare and contrast the sol!$ility of ionic and co&alent compo!nds# state !ses of co&alent compo!nds as sol&ents.

+.4 )nalysing properties of ionic and co&alent compo!nds

(/ EC)6 CF)(/>)5/.> INTER' TION /ET2EEN "E#I 'LS 3& ELE TRO "E#ISTR$ 1.1 Understanding properties of electrolytes and non-electrolytes Cond!ct acti&ities to classify chemicals into electrolytes and nonelectrolytes. isc!ss' a. the meaning of electrolyte# $. the relationship $etween ) st!dent is a$le to' state the meaning of electrolyte# classify s!$stances into electrolytes and non-electrolytes# relate the presence of

1A

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

the presence of freely mo&ing ions and electrical cond!cti&ity. isc!ss' a. electrolysis process# $. str!ct!re of electrolytic cell. Use comp!ter sim!lation to' a. identify cations and anions in a molten compo!nd# $. ill!strate to show the e"istence of ions held in a lattice in solid state $!t mo&e freely in molten state. 1.2 )nalysing electrolysis of molten compo!nds Cond!ct an acti&ity to in&estigate the electrolysis of molten lead?//@ $romide# 3$7r2 to' a. identify cations and anions# $. descri$e the electrolysis process# c. write half-e*!ations for the discharge of ions at anode and cathode. Collect and interpret data on electrolysis of molten ionic compo!nds with &ery high melting points# for e"ample sodi!m chloride# >aCl and lead ?//@ o"ide# 3$.. 3redict prod!cts from the electrolysis of other molten compo!nds. ?week 21@ 1AG1 H 21G1 1.3 )nalysing the electrolysis of Cond!ct an acti&ity to in&estigate the electrolysis of copper?//@ s!lphate sol!tion and dil!te

freely mo&ing ions to electrical cond!cti&ity. ) st!dent is a$le to' descri$e electrolysis# descri$e electrolytic cell# identify cations and anions in a molten compo!nd# descri$e e&idence for the e"istence of ions held in a lattice in solid state $!t mo&e freely in molten state# descri$e electrolysis of a molten compo!nd# write half-e*!ations for the discharge of ions at anode and cathode# predict prod!cts of the electrolysis of molten compo!nds.

) st!dent is a$le to' identify cations and anions in an a*!eo!s

1B

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

s!lph!ric acid !sing car$on electrodes to' a. identify cations and anions in the a*!eo!s sol!tions# $. descri$e the electrolysis of the a*!eo!s sol!tions# c. write half e*!ations for the discharge of ions at the anode and the cathode. Cond!ct e"periments to in&estigate factors determining selecti&e discharge of ions at electrodes $ased on' a. positions of ions in electrochemical series# $. concentration of ions in a sol!tion# c. types of electrodes. Use comp!ter sim!lation to e"plain factors affecting electrolysis of an a*!eo!s sol!tion. 3redict the prod!cts of electrolysis of a*!eo!s sol!tions and write their half e*!ations. ?week 22@ 24G1 H 2BG1 1.4 C&al!ating electrolysis in ind!stry Cond!ct e"periments to st!dy the p!rification and electroplating of metals. Using comp!ter sim!lation# st!dy and disc!ss' a. e"traction of al!mini!m from al!mini!m o"ide# $. p!rification of copper# c. electroplating of metals. Carry o!t acti&ities to write chemical e*!ations for electrolysis in ind!stries.

a*!eo!s sol!tions

sol!tion# descri$e the electrolysis of an a*!eo!s sol!tion# e"plain !sing e"amples factors affecting electrolysis of an a*!eo!s sol!tion# write half e*!ations for the discharge of ions at the anode and the cathode# predict the prod!cts of electrolysis of a*!eo!s sol!tions.

) st!dent is a$le to' state !ses of electrolysis in ind!stries e"plain the e"traction# p!rification and electroplating of metals in&ol&ing electrolysis in ind!stries# write chemical e*!ations to

1,

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

Collect data and disc!ss the $enefits and harmf!l effects of electrolysis in ind!stries.

represent the electrolysis process in ind!stries# 0!stify !ses of electrolysis in ind!stries# descri$e the pro$lem of poll!tion from electrolysis in ind!stry.

-t!dy the str!ct!re of a &oltaic cell s!ch as a simple &oltaic cell and aniell cell. Cond!ct an e"periment to show the prod!ction of electricity from chemical reactions in a simple &oltaic cell. 1.+ )nalysing &oltaic cell Carry o!t acti&ities on a simple &oltaic cell and a aniell cell to e"plain the reactions in each cell. Collect data and disc!ss the ad&antages and disad&antages of &ario!s &oltaic cells incl!ding dry cell# lead-acid acc!m!lator# merc!ry cell# alkaline cell and nickel cadmi!m cell. isc!ss and compare an electrolytic cell with a &oltaic cell. 1.1 -ynthesising electrochemical series Carry o!t an e"periment to constr!ct the electrochemical series $ased on' a. potential difference $etween two metals# $. the a$ility of a metal to displace another metal from its salt sol!tion.

) st!dent is a$le to' descri$e the str!ct!re of a simple &oltaic cell and aniell cell# e"plain the prod!ction of electricity from a simple &oltaic cell# e"plain the reactions in a simple &oltaic cell and aniell cell# compare and contrast the ad&antages and disad&antages of &ario!s &oltaic cells# descri$e the differences $etween electrolytic and &oltaic cells.

) st!dent is a$le to' descri$e the principles !sed in constr!cting the electrochemical series# constr!ct the

2:

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

isc!ss !ses of the electrochemical series to determine' a. cell terminal# $. standard cell &oltage# c. the a$ility of a metal to displace another metal from its salt sol!tion. Carry o!t e"periments to confirm the predictions on the metal displacement reaction. Carry o!t an acti&ity to write the chemical e*!ations for metal displacement reactions. isc!ss the importance of electrochemical ind!stries in o!r daily life. 1.A e&elop awareness and responsi$le practices when handling chemicals !sed in electrochemical ind!stries Collect data and disc!ss the pro$lems on poll!tion ca!sed $y the ind!strial processes in&ol&ing electrochemical ind!stries. =old a for!m to disc!ss the importance of waste disposal from electrochemical ind!stries in a safe and orderly manner. -how a &ideo on the importance of recycling and systematic disposal of !sed $atteries in a safe and orderly manner. 3ractise recycling !sed $atteries. isc!ss' a. the concept of acid# $ase and alkali in terms of the ions they contained or prod!ced in a*!eo!s

electrochemical series# e"plain the importance of electrochemical series# predict the a$ility of a metal to displace another metal from its salt sol!tion# write the chemical e*!ations for metal displacement reactions.

) st!dent is a$le to' 0!stify the fact that electrochemical ind!stries can impro&e the *!ality of life# descri$e the pro$lem of poll!tion ca!sed $y the ind!strial processes in&ol&ing electrolysis# 0!stify the need to dispose of waste from electrochemical ind!stries in a safe and orderly manner# practise safe and systematic disposal of !sed $atteries. ) st!dent is a$le to' state the meaning of acid# $ase and alkali# state !ses of acids# $ases and alkalis in

INTER' TION /ET2EEN "E#I 'LS 4& ' IDS 'ND /'SES

A.1 )nalysing characteristics and properties of acids and $ases

21

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

$.

sol!tions# !ses of acids# $ases and alkalis in daily life.

Carry o!t an e"periment to show that the presence of water is essential for the formation of hydrogen ions that ca!ses acidity. Carry o!t an e"periment to show that the presence of water is essential for the formation of hydro"ide ions that ca!ses alkalinity. Watch comp!ter sim!lation on the formation of hydro"oni!m ions and hydro"ide ions in the presence of water. Cond!ct acti&ities to st!dy chemical properties of acids and alkalis from the following reactions' a. acids with $ases# $. acids with metals# c. acids with metallic car$onates. Write e*!ations for the respecti&e reactions. A.2 -ynthesising the concepts of strong acids# weak acids# strong alkalis and weak alkalis Carry o!t an acti&ity !sing p= scale to meas!re the p= of sol!tions !sed in daily life s!ch as soap sol!tion# car$onated water# tap water or fr!it 0!ice. Carry o!t an acti&ity to meas!re the p= &al!e of a few sol!tions with the same concentration. <or e"ample# hydrochloric acid# ethanoic acid# ammonia and sodi!m hydro"ide with the !se of indicators# p= meter

daily life# e"plain the role of water in the formation of hydrogen ions to show the properties of acids# e"plain the role of water in the formation of hydro"ide ions to show the properties of alkalis# descri$e chemical properties of acids and alkalis.

) st!dent is a$le to' state the !se of a p= scale# relate p= &al!e with acidic or alkaline properties of a s!$stance# relate concentration of hydrogen ions with p= &al!e# relate concentration

22

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

or comp!ter interface. 7ased on the data o$tained from the a$o&e acti&ity# disc!ss the relationship $etween' a. p= &al!es and acidity or alkalinity of a s!$stance# $. concentration of hydrogen ions and the p= &al!es# c. concentration of hydro"ide ions and the p= &al!es# d. strong acids and their degree of dissociation# e. weak acids and their degree of dissociation# f. strong alkalis and their degree of dissociation# g. weak alkalis and their degree of dissociation. Use comp!ter sim!lation to show the degree of dissociation of strong and weak acids as well as strong and weak alkalis. 7!ild a mind map on strong acids# weak acids# strong alkalis and weak alkalis. A.3 )nalysing concentration of acids and alkalis isc!ss' a. the meaning of concentration# $. the meaning of molarity# c. the relationship $etween the n!m$er of moles with the molarity and the &ol!me of a sol!tion# d. methods for preparing standard sol!tions. -ol&e n!merical pro$lems in&ol&ing con&ersion of concentration !nits from g dm-3 to mol dm-3 and &ice

of hydro"ide ions with p= &al!e# relate strong or weak acid with degree of dissociation# relate strong or weak alkali with degree of dissociation# concept!alise *!alitati&ely strong and weak acids# concept!alise *!alitati&ely strong and weak alkalis

) st!dent is a$le to' state the meaning of concentration# state the meaning of molarity# state the relationship $etween the n!m$er of moles with molarity and &ol!me of a sol!tion# descri$e methods for preparing standard sol!tions#

23

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

&ersa. 3repare a standard sol!tion of sodi!m hydro"ide# >a.= or potassi!m hydro"ide# I.=. 3repare a sol!tion with specified concentration from the prepared standard sol!tion thro!gh dil!tion. Carry o!t an e"periment to in&estigate the relationship $etween p= &al!es with the molarity of a few dil!ted sol!tions of an acid and an alkali. -ol&e n!merical pro$lems on the molarity of acids and alkalis. Collect and interpret data on ne!tralisation and its application in daily life. Carry o!t acti&ities to write e*!ations for ne!tralisation reactions. Carry o!t acid-$ase titrations and determine the end point !sing indicators or comp!ter interface. Carry o!t pro$lem sol&ing acti&ities in&ol&ing ne!tralisation reactions to calc!late either concentration or &ol!me of sol!tions.

descri$e the preparation of a sol!tion with a specified concentration !sing dil!tion method# relate p= &al!e with molarity of acid and alkali# sol&e n!merical pro$lems in&ol&ing molarity of acids and alkalis.

A.4 )nalysing ne!tralisation

) st!dent is a$le to' e"plain the meaning of ne!tralisation# e"plain the application of ne!tralisation in daily life# write e*!ations for ne!trali2ation reactions# descri$e acid-$ase titration# determine the end point of titration d!ring ne!tralisation# sol&e n!merical pro$lems in&ol&ing ne!trali2ation reactions to calc!late either concentration or &ol!me of sol!tions.

24

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

UJ/)> 3C>/D)/)> 2

INTER' TION /ET2EEN "E#I 'LS 5& S'LTS

B.1 -ynthesising salts

Collect and interpret data on' a. nat!rally e"isting salts# $. the meaning of salt# c. !ses of salts in agric!lt!re# medicinal field# preparation and preser&ation of food. Carry o!t e"periments to st!dy the sol!$ilities of nitrate# s!lphate# car$onate and chloride salts. 3repare sol!$le salts $y reacting' a. acid with alkali# $. acid with metallic o"ide# c. acid with metal# d. acid with metallic car$onate. Carry o!t an acti&ity to p!rify sol!$le salts $y recrystallisation. isc!ss the need to p!rify salts. .$ser&e to identify physical characteristics of crystals s!ch as copper?//@ s!lphate# C!-.4# sodi!m chloride# >aCl# potassi!m chromate?%/@# I2Cr.4# and potassi!m dichromate# I2Cr2.A. 3repare insol!$le salts s!ch as lead?//@ iodide# 3$/2# lead?//@ chromate?%/@# 3$Cr.4# and $ari!m s!lphate# 7a-.4# thro!gh precipitation reactions.

) st!dent is a$le to' state e"amples of salts !sed in daily life e"plain the meaning of salt identify sol!$le and insol!$le salts# descri$e the preparation of sol!$le salts# descri$e the p!rification of sol!$le salts $y recrystallisation# list physical characteristics of crystals# descri$e the preparation of insol!$le salts# write chemical and ionic e*!ations for reactions !sed in the preparation of salts# design an acti&ity to prepare a specified salt# constr!ct ionic e*!ations thro!gh the contin!o!s &ariation method# sol&e pro$lems in&ol&ing calc!lation

2+

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

Carry o!t acti&ities to write chemical and ionic e*!ations for preparation of sol!$le and insol!$le salts. Constr!ct a flow chart to select s!ita$le methods for preparation of salts. 3lan and carry o!t an acti&ity to prepare a specified salt. Carry o!t an e"periment to constr!ct ionic e*!ations thro!gh contin!o!s &ariation method. Calc!late *!antities of reactants or prod!cts in stoichiometric reactions. B.2 -ynthesising *!alitati&e analysis of salts isc!ss the meaning of *!alitati&e analysis. -t!dy and make inferences on the colo!r and the sol!$ility of &ario!s salts in water. Watch m!ltimedia presentation on methods !sed for identifying gases. .$ser&e and carry o!t chemical tests to identify o"ygen# .2# hydrogen# =2# car$on dio"ide# C.2# ammonia# >=3# chlorine# Cl2# hydrogen chloride# =Cl# s!lph!r dio"ide# -.2# and nitrogen dio"ide# >.2# gases. Carry o!t tests to st!dy the action of heat on car$onate and nitrate salts. .$ser&e changes in colo!r and e&ol!tion of gases when the salts are heated.

of *!antities of reactants or prod!cts in stoichiometric reactions.

) st!dent is a$le to' state the meaning of *!alitati&e analysis# make inferences on salts $ased on their colo!r and sol!$ility in water# descri$e tests for the identification of gases# descri$e the action of heat on salts# descri$e the tests for anions# state o$ser&ation of reaction of cations with sodi!m hydro"ide sol!tion and ammonia sol!tion# descri$e confirmatory tests for <e2J# <e3J# 3$2J

21

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

Carry o!t tests to confirm the presence of car$onate# s!lphate# chloride and nitrate ions in a*!eo!s sol!tions. Carry o!t tests to identify the presence of C!2J# (g 2J# )l3J# <e2J# <e3J# 3$2J# 8n2J# >=4J# Ca2J ions in a*!eo!s sol!tion !sing sodi!m hydro"ide sol!tion# >a.=# and ammonia sol!tion# >=3 ?a*@. Carry o!t tests to confirm the presence of <e2J# <e3J# 3$2J and >=4J ions in a*!eo!s sol!tion. Constr!ct a flow chart on the *!alitati&e analysis of salts. 3lan and carry o!t tests to identify anions and cations in !nknown salts. Carry o!t acti&ities !sing correct techni*!es d!ring titration# preparation of standard sol!tions and preparation of salts and crystals. 3lan and carry o!t an e"periment# make o$ser&ations# record and analyse data systematically and caref!lly. isc!ss !ses of s!lph!ric acid in daily life s!ch as in the making of paints# detergents# fertili2ers and acc!m!lators. Collect and interpret data on the man!fact!re of s!lph!ric acid. Constr!ct a flow chart to show the stages in the man!fact!re of

and >=4J plan *!alitati&e analysis to identify salts.

B.3 3ractising to $e systematic and metic!lo!s when carrying o!t acti&ities

) st!dent is a$le to' carry o!t acti&ities !sing the correct techni*!es d!ring preparation of salts and crystals.

.RODU TION 'ND #'N'!E#ENT O) #'NU)' TURED "E#I 'LS 6& #'NU)' TURED SU/ST'N ES IN INDUSTR$

,.1 Understanding the man!fact!re of s!lph!ric acid

) st!dent is a$le to' list !ses of s!lph!ric acid# e"plain ind!strial process in the man!fact!re of s!lph!ric acid# e"plain that s!lph!r dio"ide ca!ses en&ironmental

2A

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

s!lph!ric acid as in the contact process. ;ather information and write an essay on how s!lph!r dio"ide# -.2# ca!ses en&ironmental poll!tion. isc!ss !ses of ammonia in daily life# e.g. in the man!fact!re of fertili2ers and nitric acid. ,.2 -ynthesising the man!fact!re of ammonia and its salts Carry o!t an acti&ity to in&estigate properties of ammonia. Collect data from &ario!s so!rces and constr!ct a flow chart to show the stages in the man!fact!re of ammonia as in the =a$er process. esign an acti&ity to prepare an ammoni!m fertili2er# for e"ample ammoni!m s!lphate# ?>=4@2-.4. ,.3 Understanding alloys Dook at some e"amples of p!re metals and materials made of alloys in daily life. Dist and disc!ss their properties. Carry o!t an acti&ity to compare the strength and hardness of alloys with that of their p!re metals. -t!dy the arrangement of atoms in metals and alloys thro!gh comp!ter sim!lation. Work in gro!ps to disc!ss' a. the meaning of alloy# $. the p!rpose of making alloys s!ch as d!ral!min# $rass# steel# stainless steel#

poll!tion.

) st!dent is a$le to' list !ses of ammonia# state the properties of ammonia# e"plain the ind!strial process in the man!fact!re of ammonia# design an acti&ity to prepare ammoni!m fertili2er.

) st!dent is a$le to' relate the arrangement of atoms in metals to their d!ctile and mallea$le properties# state the meaning of alloy# state the aim of making alloys# list e"amples of alloys# list compositions and properties of alloys# relate the arrangement of atoms in alloys to their strength and hardness#

2B

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

c.

$ron2e and pewter# compositions# properties and !ses of alloys.

relate properties of alloys to their !ses.

Carry o!t e"periments to compare the rate of corrosion of iron# steel and stainless steel. -t!dy &ario!s local prod!cts made from alloys. ?week 34@ 3:G, H 4G1: ,.4 C&al!ating !ses of synthetic polymers isc!ss the meaning of polymers. .$ser&e e"hi$its of materials made of polymers and classify them into nat!rally occ!rring polymers and synthetic polymers. /dentify the monomers in synthetic polymers !sing models or comp!ter sim!lation. Collect information on the *!antity and types of ho!sehold synthetic polymers disposed of o&er a certain period of time. isc!ss the en&ironmental poll!tion res!lting from the disposal of synthetic polymers. =old a de$ate on !ses and the en&ironmental effects of non$iodegrada$le synthetic polymers in daily life. ?week 3+@ AG1: H 11G1: ,.+ )pplying !ses of glass and ceramics Collect and interpret data on types# composition# properties and !ses of glass and ceramics. 3repare a folio incorporating &ideo ) st!dent is a$le to' list !ses of glass# list !ses of ceramics# list types of glass and their properties# ) st!dent is a$le to' state the meaning of polymers# list nat!rally occ!rring polymers# list synthetic polymers and their !ses# identify the monomers in the synthetic polymers# 0!stify !ses of synthetic polymers in daily life.

2,

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

clips and pict!res on !ses of glass and ceramics that ha&e $een impro&ed for a specific p!rpose# e.g. photo chromic glass and cond!cting glass. ?week 3+@ AG1: H 11G1: ,.1 C&al!ating !ses of composite materials Watch a m!ltimedia presentation and prepare a folio on' a. the meaning of composite materials# $. a list of composite materials incl!ding reinforced concrete# specific s!per cond!ctor# fi$re optic# fi$re glass and photo chromic glass# c. components of composite materials# d. !ses of composite materials. Compare the s!perior properties of composite materials to their original component thro!gh comp!ter sim!lation. isc!ss and 0!stify the !ses of composite materials. Watch the prod!ction of composite materials in factories. ?week 31@ 11G1: H 1BG1: ,.A )ppreciating &ario!s synthetic ind!strial materials isc!ss the importance of synthetic materials in daily life. =old a for!m to disc!ss the importance of doing research and de&elopment for the well $eing of mankind contin!o!sly. Watch a m!ltimedia presentation or comp!ter sim!lation on poll!tion

state properties of ceramics.

) st!dent is a$le to' descri$e needs to prod!ce new materials for specific p!rposes# state the meaning of composite materials# list e"amples of composite materials and their components# compare and contrast properties of composite materials with those of their original component# 0!stify !ses of composite materials# generate ideas to prod!ce ad&anced materials to f!lfil specific needs.

?week 3A@ re&ision

) st!dent is a$le to' 0!stify the importance of doing research and de&elopment contin!o!sly# act responsi$ly when handling synthetic materials and their wastes#

3:

Yearly Plan Chemistry- Form 4

ca!sed $y the disposal of synthetic materials.

descri$e the importance of synthetic materials in daily life.

?week 3B# 3, K 4:@ 2BG1: H 1+G11

C> .< EC)6 CF)(/>)5/.>

31