Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
unclassified
by
Ron Barrett
The University of Kansas, Lawrence Aerospace Engineering Department
and
Cassandra Barrett
The University of Minnesota College of Biological Sciences
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distribution unlimited
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Presentation Dates
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Tue 2/25
Aero/Def
Wed 2/26
Northrop UAV *San Diego
Thu 2/27
Boeing Seal Bch
Fri 2/28
Boeing LB
Eaton/Parker
Aero/Def
Boeing HB
???
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R. Barrett
Revolutionary Adaptive Aerostructures, Changing Flight via Nature's Analogs for Dramatic Fuel Savings
by
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Ron Barrett
The University of Kansas, Lawrence Aerospace Engineering Department and
Cassandra Barrett
The University of Minnesota College of Biological Sciences
1st international Conference and Exhibition on Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, San Antonio, Texas
30 September 2 October 2013
Unclassified distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
Outline
1. Introduction & Motivation 2. Fast-Response Actuators in Eukaryotes 3. Biomimetic FAA-Certifiable Artificial Muscles 4. Selected Aerospace Applications 5. Summary
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5. Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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Minimize Airframe Weight 1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Automotive Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5. Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
Adaptive Aerostructures Laboratory College of Biological Sciences Successful Applications of Biomimicking Adaptive Materials In the Aerospace Industry:
Disappearing UAVs
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5. Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
Section Morphing
Gould et al. 1981
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MissionAdaptiveWing
www.geocities.com 2008
University of Florida
1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5. Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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Air Muscles
McMurtry 2004
1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 285. February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5. Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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What Would an Aircraft Designer want if s/he could design an adaptive material???
An "Ideal" Adaptive Aeromaterial/Aerostructure:
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Less costly & lower drag than conventional aircraft actuation systems
Certifiable under FAR 23/25, 27/29
1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 5. 28 February 2010
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Solution? ...Biomimetics
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"You should pay attention to what Mother Nature has done because she's got a 4.2 billion year lead in research and development.
-Prof. H.W. Smith, PE, Ph.D.
1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
Solution: Adaptive Aerostructures Laboratory College of Biological Sciences Actuators Made from 100% FAA-Certifiable materials, but arranged like fast-acting plant cells
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Automotive Video Credit: 2.Nat. & C.M. Barrett Unclassified distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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Albizia julibrissin
1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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Pulvinus
1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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Ground Cells
Phloem
Xylem
1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
Solution: Adaptive Aerostructures Laboratory College of Biological Sciences Actuators Made from 100% FAA-Certifiable Materials, but arranged like fast-acting plant cells
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Automotive Video Credit: 2.Nat. & C.M. Barrett Unclassified distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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180mm
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25
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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The University of Minnesota A New Approach to Flight Control... Adaptive Aerostructures Laboratory College of Biological Sciences Based on Nature: The University of Kansas
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Automotive Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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Distributed airloads
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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unclassified Copyright R.M. and C.M. Barrett 2013 all rights reserved
Control surface loads stayed distributed Distributed control surface loads passed thru distributed actuators Distributed loads transferred to primary strucure
1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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2013 all rights reserved and C.M. al. 2007 Copyright R.M. Murray et Barrett
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0kPa CDP
40kPa CDP
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1.4
Lift Coefficient, Cl (~) 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 -5 0
-20 -40
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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PAH Wings: Enhancing Ride Quality, Fatigue Properties & Flight Safety via Active Aerocompliance
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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+1 0 VS1 VA VC VD
-1
1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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+1 0 VS1 VA VC VD
-1
1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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+1 0 VS1 VA VC VD
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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Acknowledgements
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Korean Air:
KRW11.807 trillion 2011 in operating expenses Retrofit Impacts: ~ +KRW200B (Net loss in 2011: KRW98B)
New Equipment Impacts: +KRW850B DOC savings + +KRW220B Airframe Life Extension + +KRW660B increased cargo carriage revenue ~ KRW1.7 trillion
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Questions?
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What if...
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Something about the flight environment itself could deploy the surfaces...
1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Automotive Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Automotive Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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*45kts flaps-up stall requirement **Based on: Roskam Airplane Design, part I, II, V, and VIII, and Cessna 162 Skykatcher Data
1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Automotive Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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Data 1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Automotive Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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Increase in CLmaxL/TO Reduction in Structural Weight Increase in mission integrated L/Dmax: Reduction in DOC at constant range Increase in range at constant TOW Section gust load rejection: Net airframe gust load rejection
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Automotive Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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@ constant mass:
with
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p = 55kPa
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p = 60kPa
All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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FEM Modeling:
1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Automotive Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Automotive Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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6.7nm contraction
1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
Adaptive Aerostructures Laboratory College of Biological Sciences Successful Applications of Biomimicking Adaptive Materials In the Aerospace Industry:
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 5. 28 February 2010
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unclassified Copyright R.M. and C.M. Barrett 2013 all rights reserved
Standard
Auxetic
Hybrid
1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Automotive Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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Solution: Adaptive Aerostructures Laboratory College of Biological Sciences FAA-Certifiable Actuators based on Plant Cell Structures
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Automotive Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010
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1.Introduction Actuators 3.Art.Muscles 4.Aerospace 5.Summary Unclassified 2.Nat. distribution unlimited R. Barrett All Rights Reserved rev. 28 February 2010