mi tr opol it i ana ni a ja fa ri Ze

T e o r i a s a qa r T v e l o s eklesiis prozelitizmis Sesaxeb da misi kritika

T bi li si 2007 1

uZvelesi xanidanve saqarTvelos wmida eklesiis istorias swavlobdnen mematiane sasuliero moRvaweni, magram mas Semdeg, rac XIX saukuneSi ruseTis xelisuflebam gaauqma saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrioba, saeklesio avtokefalia da XX saukuneSi gabatondnen aTeistebi _ dampyroblis nebiT, ,,dayavi da ibatone-s devizis Sesabamisad damaxinjda saqarTvelos eklesiis istoria. amJamad, saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebriobis aRdgenis kvaldakval dadga Jami kvlav aRorZindes saqarTvelos eklesiis mecnieruli istoriis Seswavlis saqme. aRniSnuli sakiTxi ganxilulia winamdebare naSromSi, romelic unda emsaxuros saqarTvelos eklesiis mTlianobis ganmtkicebis wmida saqmes.

saqarTvelos sapatriarqos manglis-walkis eparqia

anania jafariZe, 2007

sabWour istoriografiaSi gabatonebuli Teoria saqarTvelos eklesiis prozelitizmis Sesaxeb da misi kritika

Teologiis dargTagan uZvelesi xanidanve saqarTveloSi gamorCeulad Seiswavleboda saistorio RvTismetyveleba, Tumca arc misi egzegetikuri, sistematuri da praqtikuli nawilebi iyo uyuradRebod datovebuli. saistorio RvTismetyveleba, rogorc cnobilia, swavlobda saeklesio da bibliur istorias. misi kerZo disciplinebis - patrologiis, simbolikis, saeklesio arqiteqturis, qristianuli literaturis, xelovnebis, RvTismsaxurebisa da dogmatebis istoriis ZiriTad makavSirebel samecniero RerZs eklesiis istoria warmoadgenda. saqarTvelos eklesiis istoriis, viTarca saistorio saRvTismetyvelo nawilis Seswavlis ZiriTadi mizania Secnoba WeSmaritebisa, viTarca Tavisuflebis (pirovnuli, erovnuli, saeklesio da sxva) safuZvlisa. macxovari brZanebs: `scaniT WeSmariti da WeSmariteba gangaTavisuflebT Tqven~ (ioane, 8, 32). wmida mamebi ki aRniSnavdnen - `Tavisufleba TvisiTa sisxliTa mogvaniWa Cven ufalman Cvenman ieso qristeman ganmaTavisuflebelman yovelTa kacTaman~ (III msoflio krebis me-8 kanoni, `didi sjulis kanoni~, 1975, gv. 267). RvTis didi SiSiT, Zieba simarTlisa iyo mizani saqarTvelos istoriis sasuliero mwerlobisa, uZvelesi saistorio wyaroebis - `moqcevai qarTlisaisa~ da `qarTlis cxovrebis~ - avtorebisa da Semkreblebisa.

amis sapirispirod, XX saukuneSi, aTeistur-bolSevikuri represiebis Semdeg, istoriul mecnierebaSi WeSmaritebis Zieba waxalisebuli ar yofila, ufro metic, moiTxoveboda wyaroebis gayalbeba, an maTi interpretireba ise, rom SesaZlebeli yofiliyo maTi Cayeneba marqsistuli ideologiis samsaxurSi. WeSmaritebiT Seqmnili Cveni xalxis Zveli istoria `reaqciul Teoriad~ gamocxadda, daiwyo mis winaaRmdeg `gadamwyveti brZola~ (aucilebelia dromoWmuli reaqciuli Teoriebis winaaRmdeg `gadamwyveti brZola~ - gaz. `pravda~ 18. 2, 1949). ufro adre XX saukunis 30-ian wlebSi bolSevikebma saqarTvelos Zvel istoriografias `cixe-simagre~ uwodes, romelic uTuod unda daengriaT. imJamad, komunisturi saxelmwifos erT-erTi didmoxele acxadebda - `Cven winaSe dgas cixe-simagre, romelsac saqarTvelos istoria ewodeba da romelic jer auRebelia, magram ar arsebobs iseTi cixe-simagre, romlis aReba bolSevikebs ar SeeZloT, saWiroa energiuli muSaoba da mtkice bolSevikuri nebisyofa am cixe-simagris asaRebad~ (`iv. javaxiSvili tiraniis winaSe~, Tb. 2004, gv. 172). XX saukunis, amave, 20-30-ian wlebSive Caeyara e.w. `mecnieruli~ safuZveli `qarTizaciis Teorias~. qarTizaciis Teoria bolSevikebis xelSi gadaiqca ara mxolod berketad saqarTvelos Zveli istoriis dasangrevad, aramed mis Casanacvlebladac. amJamadac ki, `qarTizaciis~ Teoria erTaderT da utyuar samecniero mimarTulebadaa aRiarebuli. is absolut uradaa gabatonebuli XX saukunis a da XXI saukunis das awyi sis qarTul istoriografiasa da aseve, filologiaSi. qar-

Tizaciis Teoriis safuZvelzea Camoyalibebuli axali qarTuli istoriografia. marTalia, Zveli qarTuli istoriografiis adgili axalma daiWira, magram, samwuxarod, rogorc amJamindeli realuri faqtebi aCvenebs, man ver SeZlo qarTveli eris interesebis dacva da istoriuli simarTlis warmoCena separatistebis mier gaCaRebul afxazeTisa da samaCablos konfliqtebis dros. okupantebis mier afxazeTis daWeris win e.w. `ideologiur omSi~ qarTvelTa damarcxeba unda aixsnas axali qarTuli istoriografiis sisustiTac, romelic iqamde aTeuli wlebis manZilze acxadebda, rom Tavdapirvelad, uZveles xanaSive, kolxeTis samefos epoqaSive, mTeli dasavleT saqarTvelos zRvispireTi, TiTqosda, dasaxlebuli iyo afxazur-adiReuri tomebiT da Semdgom dros maT adgilze Casaxldnen qarTveluri tomebi. ara mxolod afxazeTSi, samaCablos konfliqtis dros mxolod enTuziasti istorikosebi icavdnen erovnul interesebs. samwuxarod, oficialurma `qarTizaciis~ TeoriiT xelSekrulma istoriografiam ver SeZlo simarTlis warmoCena. marTlac, mas gauWirda qarTvelTa samarTlianobis warmoCena, radganac iqamde mecnierulad amtkicebda `qarTizaciis~ Teoriis Sesabamisad, rom aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mTianeTis mosaxleoba, maT Soris, samaCabloSi istoriulad mcxovrebi dvalebi iyvnen araqarTvelebi, romelTa `qarTizacia - gaqarTveleba~ moxda garkveul istoriul etapze. TiTqosda, aramarto dvalebi da sxva mTiulebi, aramed gaqarTvelebuli `qarTizebuli xalxebi~ yofilan her-kaxebi, qvemo qarTleleb i, tao- klarjelebi, dasavleT saqarTvelos mosaxleoba, Tanac Turme, maTi asimilaciis procesSi saqarTvelos eklesias didi wvlili miuZRoda.

qarTul sabWoTa enciklopediaSi statiaSi `qarTvelebi~ aseTi terminologiiT aris aRwerili es procesi: `qarTis tomma~ SeZlo aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi `araqarTul da araqarTvelur~ tomebSi SeRweva - infiltracia da maTi asimilaciis Semdeg IX-X saukuneebSi Camoyalibda `aRmosavlur-qarTuli erovneba~ (qse, t. 10, 1986 w., statia `qarTvelebi~ gv. 459). am statiis mixedviT, `qarTis tomma~ SeZlo `herul-albanuri mosaxleobis qarTizacia~ (qse, t. 10, gv. 460). maSasadame, oficialuri TvalsazrisiT, herebi da albanelebi erTi xalxia, anda herulalbanuri mosaxleoba erTi eTnosia, romelic Semdgom qarTizebuli iqna da Seemata `aRmosavlur-qarTul erovnebas~. aqedanac Cans, rom oficialuri istoriografiis TvalsazrisiT iyo dro, rodesac herebi ar iyvnen qarTvelebi. qarTuli enciklopediis mixedviT, rogorc vTqviT, IX-X saukuneebSi Camoyalibebula aRmosavlur-qarTuli erovneba da misi saxeli yofila - `qarTvelebi~ (qse, t. 10, gv. 460). ra mdgomareobaa dasavleT saqarTveloSi? dasavleT saqarTveloSi Turme Camoyalibebula sxva dasavlurqarTuli erovneba da aseTi procesebi ganviTarebula Cveni enciklopediis Tanaxmad - `IX saukunidan mTel dasavleT saqarTveloSi qarTuli eklesia gabatonda~, ris Sedegadac terminma `qarTveli~ kulturul-politikuri mniSvneloba SeiZina (qse, t. 10, gv. 460). meore avtoris azriT, da esaa sayovelTao oficialuri Tvalsazrisi - dasavleT saqarTveloSi iqamde, TiTqosda, ukve Camoyalibebuli iyo maRali klasis safexuris kolxuri anu megrul-Wanuri eTnosi da Semdgom dawyebula misi `qarTizacia~ (r. TofCiSivili, 2002, gv. 5, 7, 83). rogorc vTqviT, es procesi qarTuli eklesiis meoxebiT xorcield-

eboda, romelic TiTqosda iWreboda sxva ucxo eklesiis, am SemTxvevaSi, dasavleT saqarTvelos konstantinopolis iurisdiqciis sazRvrebSi da mis mrevls iTvisebda. cxadia, esaa dadanaSauleba prozelitizmSi. iyo Tu ara qarTuli eklesia prozelituri? prozelitizmi, anu sxvis i s amw ysos mis akuTreb a, dagmobi li a moc i qulTa droidanve da eklesiisTvis saTakilo qmedebad iTvleboda jer kidev I msoflio krebidan. qarTuli eklesiisaTvis aseTi epiTeti sasiamovno ar aris. am saTakilo epiTetiT, Tanamedrove avtorebs, Cans, eris winaSe Cveni eklesiis mniSvnelobis `warmoCena~ surT. saerTaSoriso konferenciaze, romelic saqarTveloSi qristianobis oc saukunes eZRvneboda, istoriis institutis direqtori d. musxeliSvili wardga moxsenebiT, `qarTuli eklesia da saxelmwifo teritoria Sua saukuneebSi~, sadac brZana: `qarTuli eklesiis kulturul-ideologiuri proz elit iz mi winaswar qmnida mkvidr niadags politikuri procesebis warmatebiT ganviTarebisaTvis~. (d. musxeliSvili, 2005, gv. 33). aRsaniSnavia, rom Cveni saxelmwifosa da eklesiis arakeTilismsurvelebma, gansakuTrebiT ki - separatistma ideologebma, imTaviTve aitaces Cveni axali istoriografiis `qarTizaciis~ Teoriis daskvnebi saqarTvelos eklesiis prozelitizmis Sesaxeb. isini vrcel samecniero naSromebSi (maT Soris, qvemoT ganvixilavT `pravoslavnaia enciklopedias~ statiebs) amtkiceben, rom saqarTvelos esa Tu is kuTxe istoriulad araqarTuli regionia da, Sesabamisad, qarTvelebs istoriuli ufleba ara aqvs am kuTxeebze. Cven ki vacxadebT: SeuZlebelia, saqarTvelos wmida eklesia prozelituri yofiliyo, ratom? istoriulad si-

tyva `prozeliti~ erqva iudaur sarwmunoebaze miqceul warmarTs, magram, amJamad, `prozelituri~ eklesia iseTs ewodeba, romelic iWreba sxva eklesiis samrevloSi misi misakuTrebis mizniT. aseTi qmedeba ki, msoflio saeklesio kanonebiT miuRebeli iyo da aris. magaliTad, mociqulTa 35-e kanoni brZanebs: `episkoposma ar unda gabedos xeldasxma Tavisi samrevlos gareT, qalaqebsa da soflebSi, romlebic ar eqvemdebarebian mis eklesias. xolo Tu igi mxilebuli iqneba unda ganikveTos isic da mis mis mier xeldasxmulebic~ (`didi sjulis kanoni~, saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1987, gv. 166). mociqulTa am kanons kidev ufro amtkicebs 381 wels konstantinopolSi mowveuli II msoflio krebis me-2 kanoni: `eklesiaTa keTilad gangebisa da mSvidobisaTvis arcerT episkoposs aqvs ufleba, gascdes Tavisi eklesiis sazRvrebs da SeiWras sxva eklesiis sazRvrebSi, raTa ar moaxdinos eklesiebis aRreva. kanonis Tanaxmad, aleqsandriis episkoposi unda ganagebdes mxolod egviptis eklesiebs... pontoeli episkoposni unda marTavdnen mxolod pontos eklesiebs, xolo Trakiis episkoposni - mxolod Trakiis eklesiebs. episkoposi ar unda gavides Tavisi samTavros eklesiis farglebidan xeldasxmisaTvis~ (iqve, gv. 210). III msoflio krebis mamebma kidev ufro dabejiTebiT damoZRvres eklesiaTa meTaurebi ar daemorCilebinaT sxvisi samwyso: `nurc erTi episkoposi nu miitacebs sxva eparqias, romelic Tavidanve da ZvelTaganve ar emorCileboda mas da ar iyo mis winamorbed saydrismpyrobelTa gamgeblobis qveS, xolo Tu vinme miitacebs sxvis eparqias iZulebiT, ganTavisuflebuli unda iyos igi, raTa ar dairRves mamaTa kanonebi~, (III msoflio krebis me-8 kanoni, saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1987, gv. 212).

imaves wers da aRniSnavs sxva saeklesio kanonebic. Tu qarTuli eklesia prozelituri iyo da mas ZvelTaganve ar emorCi leboda dasavleT saqarTvelos, aRmosavleT saqarTvelos erTi nawilis, samxreT saqarTvelos sxvisi samwysoebi, qarTulma eklesiam ki miiTvisa isini, amiT daurRvevia msoflio saeklesio kanonebi, kerZod, mociqulTa 35-e, II msoflio krebis me-2, III msoflio krebis me-8, karTagenis 74-e da sxva kanonebi, da gana kanondamrRvevi eklesia SeiZleba yofiliyo marTali da marTlmadidebluri, riTac amayobdnen saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida mamebi? romlis Sesaxeb, jer kidev VI s-Si miuTiTebda prokofi kesarieli, rom qarTvelebi marTlmadideblobis wesebs yvelaze ukeT icavdnen, somexi ierarqebi werdnen, rom qarTvelebi amayoben TavianTi sarwmunoebrivi siwmidiT da TavianTi saeklesio upiratesobiT. qarTuli eklesia ki, Turme, arRvevda umTavres saeklesio kanonebs da sxvis iurisdiqciaSi iWreboda. enciklopedia wers: `dasavleT saqarTveloSi gabat onda qarTuli eklesia da mRvdelmsaxurebac qarTul enaze sruldeboda, ramac didad Seuwyo xeli dasavleT saqarTveloSi `qarTizaciis~ process~ (qse, tomi `saq. ssr~, 1981 w., gv. 61). ase wers axali qarTuli istoriografiis oficialuri organo. dasavleT saqarTveloSi qarTuli eklesiis `gabatonebamde~, Cveni XX s-is istorikosebis mtkicebiT, Turme arsebobda egrisisa da afxazeTis eklesiebi, romlebic imyofebodnen konstantinopolis iurisdiqciaSi. IX saukuneSi mcxeTis sakaTalikosos `gabatonebis~ Sedegad, konstantinopolis sapatriarqos, TiTqosda, daukargavs mTeli dasavleT saqarTvelos momcveli es mniSvnelovani samitropolitoebi da saepiskoposoebi.

oficialuri istorikosi wers: `es saeklesio gamoyofa, rogorc vTqviT, erTbaSad ar momxdara. jer xorcieldeba egris-afxazeTis eklesiebis gaerTianeba, rogorc konstantinopolis samwysoSi Semavali eparqiisa, romelsac saTaveSi afxazTa kaTalikosi edga (VIII s. bolo an IX s. dasawyisi); Semdeg, IX saukuneSi (safiqrebelia, ufro mis pirvel naxevarSive), dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesia gamoeyofa konstantinopols da mcxeTis taxts uerTiandeba, xolo afxazTa kaTalikosi sruliad saqarTvelos kaTalikoss eqvemdebareba. konstantinopolidan gamoyofis Semdeg, iwyeba berZnuli kaTedrebis moSla da maT sapirispirod qarTuli saepiskoposo c entreb is daarseba. es saeklesio reforma, n. berZeniSvilis varaudiT, sabolood X saukuneSi sruldeba~ (saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t. II, 1973, gv. 427). Tu rogori reaqciuli iyo qarTuli eklesiis es `prozelitizmi~, anu maTi azriT, konstantinopolis sapatriarqos iurisdiqciaSi SeWra - amis Sesaxeb Cveni oficialuri istoriografia wers: `qarTvelebi aqedan sdevnian berZnul enas, berZnul viwro erovnul kulturas, SemoaqvT da avrceleben sakuTar, qarTul enas, qarTul RvTismsaxurebas da qarTul saeklesio-samonastro wesebs. qarTul kulturas Tan mohqonda qarTuli politikuri Segneba da ideali, ase rom `mcxeTa jer enobrivad (eTnikur elementze dayrdnobiT) SeiWra lixT-imereTSi, xolo Semdeg, rogorc Cans, es saintereso formula wamoayena Tavisi organizaciuli gabatonebis dasasafuZvleblad - `qarTlia~ iq, sadac mRvdelTmsaxureba qarTul enazea (mxolod `kvirielei soni~ SeiZleb a b erZnulad). mironis kurTxeva `qarTls~ ganew es eb a. maS qarTls nakurTxi mi roni

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savaldebuloa yvela im eklesiisaTvis, sadac mRvdelTmsaxureba qarTul enazea. cxadia, mcxeTis sakaTalikosos mxriv, es aris kanonikuri safuZvlebis dacviT konst anti nopolis sapatriarqos winaaRmdeg mi marTuli brZola lixT-imereTis ekles iaze organi zaciulad gabatonebis mi zniT~ (T. papuaSvili, 1973, gv. 586). am umarTebulo mosazrebis sapirispirod XX saukunis bolos qarTulma saeklesio istoriografiam sul sxvagvarad axsna is procesebi, romelnic mimdinareobdnen VIIIIX saukuneebSi hereTSi, tao-klarjeTsa da dasavleT saqarTveloSi (ix. mitropoliti a. jafariZe, 1996-1999). sabWoTa kavSiris sazRvrebis Caketilobis gamo berZnul samyaroSi, da maT Soris, konstantinopolis sapatriarqoSic, XX saukunis bolosac ar icnobdnen iqamde sruliad axal sabWoTa saistorio Teorias qarTuli eklesiis prozelitizmisa da `misi konstantinopolis sapatriarqos winaaRmdeg mimarTuli brZolis Sesaxeb~ (sabWouri sityvebia). cnobili berZeni kanonistis - mitropolit maqsimes wigni `saqarTvelos eklesia da misi avtokefalia~ (1966), ar flobs cnobebs amasTan dakavSirebiT. SeiZleba daisvas kiTxva, ra problemebi Seeqmneba saqarTvelos eklesias samomavlod, Tu konstantinopolis sapatriarqo, an ucxoeTis romelime eklesia, oficialurad aRiarebs aRniSnul Teorias qarTuli eklesiis SeWris Sesaxeb iqamde konstantinopolis iurisdiqciaSi myof dasavleT saqarTveloSi, es Teoria xom ar SeuqmniT maT myar samarTlebriv safuZvels, raTa cnon da aRiaron separatistuli eklesiebi afxazeTsa da dasavleT saqarTvelos sxva kuTxeebSi.

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meore mxriv, es Teoria iZleva karg saSualebas da masze dayrdnobiT ukve aqezeben am kuTxeTa separatist moazrovneebs, raTa dedaeklesiad aRiaron ara saqarTvelos wmida eklesia, aramed konstantinopolis sapatriarqo. mravalgzis aRiniSna, rom ucxoeTSi es Teoria yvelaze ufro metad gaitana da gaavrcela `pravaslavnaia enciklopediam~. arasodes, arcerT saukuneSi, konstantinopolis sapatriarqos ar gamouTqvams araviTari Tvalsazrisi, anda SeniSvnac ki dasavleT saqarTveloSi qarTuli eklesiis SeWris Sesaxeb. es rom ase yofiliyo, qarTul-bizantiuri aTaswlovani saeklesio urTierTobis dros, amis Sesaxeb, erTxel mainc, gamoiTqmoda Tundac mcire SeniSvna. saqme is aris, rom konstantinopolis iurisdiqciaSi myofi fazisis samitropolito da misi oTxi saepiskoposo, romelic TiTqosda qarTuli eklesiis mier iyvnen gauqmeb ulni , si namdvileS i mdebareobdnen ara das avleT saqarTveloSi, aramed qarTveli eris uZveles qveyanaSi, romelsac trapzonis olqi ewoda, iqamde ki mas erqva `qaldea~, `sofeli megrelTa~. iq trapzonis olqSi mdebare Woroxis, anu fasisis marcxena sanapiroze mdebareobdnen fasisis samitropolito da misi saepiskoposoebi - rodopolisisa, saisinisa, petronisa da ziganasi, rogorc es kargad aris garkveuli n. adoncis mier. fazisis samitropolito konstantinopolis iurisdiqciaSi imyofeboda da rogorc iTqva, trabzonis olqSi mdebareobda. misi iurisdiqcia, TiTqmis, Woroxamde aRwevda. rac Seexeba miwa-wyals Woroxidan vidre mdinare egriswyalamde (vaxtang gorgaslis Semdgom mdinare klisuramde) - is wmida ninos droidanve qarTuli eklesiis iurisdiq-

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ciaSi imyofeboda. ase rom, Cveni Zveli saeklesio matianeebis cnobebiT, dasavleT saqarTveloSi imTaviTve, ZvelTaganve saqarTvelos eklesiis iurisdiqcia vrceldeboda. sxva saeklesio wyaroebTan erTad, amis Sesaxeb xazgasmiT miuTiTebda `ruis-urbnisis~ sakanonmdeblo krebis Zegliswera _ `andria pi rvelw odebulma s axareba iqadaga yovelsa qveyanasa saqarTveloisasa~ (`didi sjulis kanoni~, 1975, gv. 545), xolo wmida ninom qristianul sarwmunoebaze moaqcia `yoveli savseba yovlisa qarTvelTa naTesavisa~ (iqve, gv. 546). ruis-urbnisis krebis wmida mamebis TvalsazrisiT, dasavleT saqarTvelo mudam istoriuli saqarTvelo iyo, romlis mosaxleoba, aRmosavleT saqarTvelosTan erTad moaqcia wmida ninom. amaves werda gelasi kesarieli VI s-Si, rom tyve qalma moaqcia iberebi da lazebi. maSasadame, dasavleT saqarTveloSi saeklesio iurisdiqcia imTaviTve mcxeTis xelSi iyo da ara konstantinopolisa. dasavleT saqarTvelo eklesiurad rodesme konstantinopolis iurisdiqciaSi rom yofiliyo, amis Sesaxeb uTuod SemorCeboda pirdapiri an iribi cnobebi TviT berZnul wyaroebSive, an raime sayvedurnarevi miniSneba mainc berZeni ierarqebisa, aseTi ki ar arsebobs. magaliTad, konstantinopolis patriarqi nikoloz mistikosi Zalze Tbil da megobrul werilebs werda afxazTa mefes - giorgi II-s X saukunis Sua wlebSi, roca sabWoTa istorikosebis azriT, mis samefoSi, TiTqosda, `brZola iyo gaCaRebuli konstantinopolis sapatriarqos winaaRmdeg~. ase rom yofiliyo, konstantinopolis patriarqi nikoloz mistikosi rogorme moaxerxebda protestis gancxadebas qarTuli eklesiis moy-

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varul afxazTa mefis - giorgi II-isadmi (922-957), (ix., misi werilebi giorgi II-isadmi georgika, IV, nakveTi II); erTi sityviT, wyaroebi ar adas tureben sabWour Tvals az ris s . aRmosavleTSi, baton daviT musxeliSvilis TvalsazrisiT, TviT wmida ninos `saqmianoba~ TiTqosda mimarTuli iyo iqiTken, rom hereTSi mcxovrebi `araqarTuli mosaxleoba~ (albanelebi) gaeqarTvelebina. Cemi azriT, aseTi warmodgena wmida ninosi Zalze ucnauria. d. musxeliSvili wers: `bodbe, sujeTisa da kambeCovanis sazRvarze, mefe mirianis dros axladSemoerTebuli qveyana iyo, aq `albanelebic (herebi) cxovrobdnen ... maTi saboloo asimilacia drois ambavi iyo~ (d. musxeliSvili, 2003, gv. 38). e.i. mas miaCnia, rom bodbe da misi regioni `axladSemoerTebuli qveyana iyo da is albanelebiT iyo dasaxlebuli da ganagrZobs _ `Cans, mirian mefis da wmida ninos intensiuri kulturul-saganmanaTleblo saqmianoba mimarTuli hereTSi qarTuli qristianobis gavrcelebisaken... romelic winaaRmdegobas awydeboda, ara mxolod alvanelTagan, aramed somxebisganac~ (iqve, gv. 38). sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, wmida nino, TiTqosda, `aqarTvelebda~ her-alvanelebs da somxebsac. Cveni mecnieris am mosazrebis sapirispirod, movses xorenacs mTeli mosaxleoba `klarjeTidan masquTebamde~ (klarjeTidan kaspiis zRvispireTSi mcxovreb tom masquTebamde) - eTnikur qarTvelebad miaCnia (sadac iqadaga wmida ninom) da ara somxebad, anda albanelebad (herebad), rogorc warmoadgina sabWoTa istoriografiam. somxuri saistorio mwerlobis mama, somexTa herodoted wodebuli movses xorenaci V s-Si werda: `sanatreli nune

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wavida iqedan (e.i. mcxeTidan), raTa Tavisi advilgasagebi saubriT qarTvelTa (!) qveynis sxva kuTxeebic daemoZRvra. gavbedav da vityvi, rom nune mociquli qali gaxda. man iqadaga saxareba klarjeTidan dawyebuli vidre alanTa da kaspiis karamde. masquTTa sazRvrebamde, rogorc amas agaTangelozi gauwyebs Sen~ (m. xorenaci, 1984, gv. 172). wmida ninos albanelebi (igive herebi, d. musxeliSvilis azriT) rom gaeqristianebina, rogorme xorenaci miuTiTebda amis Sesaxeb, magram is sul sxva raimes gvauwyebs, kerZod, sazRvravs qarTvelebis eTnikur gansaxlebas - esaa klarjeTdan vidre alanTa da kaspiis karamde, vidre masquTTa sazRvramde - am sazRvrebSi qarTvelebi saxloben, maT uqadaga wmida ninom; masquTebis qveynamde, e.i. mtkvararaqsis SesarTavamde mcxovrebi herebi m. xorenacs eTnikur qarTvelebad miaCnia da ara albanelebad. d. musxeliSvili fiqrobs, rom wmida ninos `prozelitizmis simbolo~ aRumarTavs axlad SemoerTebul albanur qalaq bodisSi (e.i. sadRac ujarma - bodbeSi) da wers - `mgonia ase unda gavigoT wmida ninos gadawyvetileba, rom jvari - qristianuli prozelitizmis simbolo - droebiT `aRimarTos igi ujarmas qalaqsa da daba bodisi ara win aRudges qalaqsa mas mefeTasa, rameTu erisa simravle ars mun~ (d. musxeliSvili, 2003, gv. 39). ase iqca daviT musxeliSvilis sityviT, `ori faqtobrivad eTnikurad erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebuli qveyana erT kulturul erTeulad~ (iqve, gv. 41). aqedan Cans, rom sabWoTa epoqis istorikosebis azriT, wmida nino qarTlis garda, albaneTSic moRvaweobda da man albaneTis qveynis erTi nawili qarTul eklesias SemouerTa. bodbis miCneva ara qarTlis, aramed albaneTis qalaqad, qarTul wyaroebs ewinaaRmdegeba.

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wmida nino, qarTvelTa ganmanaTlebelia da ara albanelebisa. jvari ar aris prozelitizmis simbolo, qarTul eklesias jvari prozelituri mizniT arasodes gamouyenebia, miT umetes, araqarTuli tomebis `asimilacia - gaqarTvelebis~ mizniT. aseTi mosazreba usafuZvloa, igi ar eyrdnoba wyaroebs. `pravoslavnaia enciklopediis~ mixedviTac, Tavdapirvelad, herebi imyofebodnen albaneTis sakaTalikosos iurisdiqciaSi da isini ar iyvnen qarTvelebi. sainteresoa, rom miuxedavad am oficialuri mosazrebis arsebobisa, Tbilisidan, amJamad, dabejiTebiT unergaven saingilos mosaxleobas Tvalsazriss, rom isini herebi arian. Tumca, aqamde, ingiloebma TavianTi herobis Sesaxeb araferi icodnen da isini TavianT Tavs aRmosavleT kaxeTis mosaxleobad miiCnevdnen. amJamad ki, Tvalsazrisi, rom ingiloebi herebi arian, Zalze gavrcelda. amis paralelurad, azerbaijaneli istorikosebi da mecnierebi amtkiceben, rom herebi da albanelebi erTi araqarTuli xalxi iyo da isini iyvnen azerbaijaneli xalxis winaprebi. am mosazrebidan gamomdinare, isini Tvlian, rom albanuri kultura azerbaijanuli kulturis sakuTrebaa, romelic Semdgom qarTulma eklesiam miisakuTra. maSasadame, ingiloebi Tu herebi arian, isini amis gamo azerbaijanul tomad moiazreba. `qarTizaciis Teoriis~ gacnobis Semdeg, ucxoelT eqmnebaT STabeWdileba qarTvelTa `imperializmis~ Sesaxeb, rom TiTqos, maT patara `erebi~ hyavT dapyrobili; magaliTad, n. quTelia amasTan dakavSirebiT wers: `internetis vebsaitebze musirebs Tema - megrelebi da svanebi patara erebi

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yofilan da qarTvel `okupantebs daupyriaT~ da axla maT enebs ganviTarebis saSualebas ar aZleven. arsebobs `doqtrina~ - ar arsebobs qarTveli eri, arsebobs calkeul tomTa konglomerati~ (n. quTelia, 2005, gv. 273). araTu ucxoelebi, TviT qarTvelebi e.w. `qarTizaciis Teoriis~ gacnobis Semdeg, iviwyeben nacionalur intersebs da kuTxurobis apologetebi xdebian. amis erTi kargi magaliTia a. liparteliani, romelmac 1994 wels gamosca wigni `svanur-qarTuli leqsikoni, Coloruli kilo~. a. liparteliani Tavisi wignis SesavalSi wers: `aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi iberebis moqmedebiT ganadgurda svanuri mosaxleoba~ (a. liparteliani, 1994, gv. 10). Sdr., sxva msgavsi citatebi misi wignidan: `mirianma sastikad dasaja es henioxi heri - wanari - svanebi, vinc Jletas gadaurCa, ayara da daasaxla axlandel teritoriaze, rbevas gadarCa albaneTis mosazRvre teritoria~ (iqve, gv. 11). ai, amonaridebi misi wignidan: `herebis kulturul-eTnikuri Serwyma qarTul tomebTan, herebis asimilireba daiwyo Zv.w. II-I saukuneebis mijnaze~ (saq. ist. nark. t. I , gv. 402). a. liparteliani Tavis wignSive uTiTebs misi azrebis wyaros - esaa niko mari. a. liparteliani imowmebs niko maris rusulenovan wignebs - niko mari, `mogzauroba svaneTSi~ (1911-1912) da n. mari, `xe-mcenareulobis iafeturi saxelebi~ (1913). `qarTizaciis Teoria~, rogorc cnobilia, XX saukuneSi daefuZna q. patkanovisa da n. maris mosazrebebs. patkanov-maris `Teoriis~ saSiSroebis Sesaxeb jer kidev didi ilia marTali brZanebda, da sxvaTa Soris, amasve miuTiTebdnen student ivane javaxiSvils misi mSoblebi im wer-

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ilebSi, romelsac werdnen TavianT axalgazrda vaJiSvils (werilebi gamoqveynebulia). TiTqos, Cvens Temas exmianeba didi konstantine gamsaxurdia Tavis cnobil werilSi: `troaseuli cxeni~ (akad. niko maris werilis gamo) wers - `arsad iseTi feldefeluri morCilebiT ar ixris qeds sazogadoebrivi azri avtoritetian `universitetis profesorebis~ winaSe, rogorc CvenSi, radgan yvelaze naklebad CvenSi SeugniaT ucilo WeSmariteba goeTes didi sityvebisa: `xSirad didi adamiani did gemsaviT Secdomebis did zolebs tovebs Tavis sarbielze~ (k. gamsaxurdia, `troaseuli cxeni~, Txz. t.VIII, 1967, gv.140). Cven, cxadia, qeds vixriT im didi adamianebis winaSe, romelTac SevexeT Cvens werilSi, magram mxolod im gulistkiviliT, rom ar daiSalos Cveni erovnuli saxli, radganac wmida werilSi nabrZanebia: `Tu samef o Tvisive Tavis winaaRmdeg daiyofa, is samefo veRar gaZlebs~ (markozi, 3, 24). Tu Cveni didi adamianebi yvela qarTul Temsa da toms sakuTar winapars gamouZebnian - magaliTad, ingiloebsa da kaxelebs - her-albanelebs, fSav-xevsurebs - vainaxebs (z. didebuliZe, 1983, gv. 33-34), qvemo qarTlelebs - somxebs, dasavlel qarTvelebs - adiRe-Cerqerzebs da a.S. Tu ganacxadeben, rom dasavleT saqarTveloSi sxva eTnosi Camoyalibda, romelic Semdeg `qarTizebul~ iqna _ eri saxelmwifo daiyofa. miT umetes, rom wyaroebi, Tu maT kargad da sworad wavikiTxavT, mikerZoebis gareSe, ar iZleva amis uflebas, piriqiT, Cveni wyaroebi: `moqcevai qarTlisai~ Tu `qarTlis cxovreba~ RaRadeben, rom qristes Sobamde Seqmnili erTiani saqarTvelos - `qarT-

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lis samefos~ mosaxleoba imTaviTve iyo qarTveli xalxi da am saxelmwifos Crdilo-dasavleTi sazRvari mdinare egriswyalze gadioda azonisa da farnavazis dros. Tu ras niSnavs wyaros es miTiTeba, gvixsnis wmida ambrosi xelaia: `j er ki dev araqri s t i ani qarTuli t omi s modgmeb ma S eqmnes pat ara s ivrc iT, magram Zli eri nebisyof iT _ saxelmwifo, romelic cnobilia istori aS i saqarTvelos saxeliT erTaderTi mat areb eli wina aziaSi qristianuli kulturisa da evropuli humanizmisa~ (a. xelaia, 1990). maSasadame, kaTalikos-patriarq wmida ambrosi xelaiasa da zogadad saqarTvelos wmida eklesiis Tvalsazrisi aseTi iyo: jer kidev gaqristianebamde, I-IV saukuneebamde, qarTvelTa modgmam Seqmna dasavleT-aRmosavleT saqarTvelos momcveli erTiani saxelmwifo, matarebeli erTiani qarTuli kulturisa. sabWoTa imperias Cveni didi adamianebisaTvis Tavisufali muSaobis saSualeba rom mieca, saWiro ar iqneboda Cveni mosazrebebis gamoTqma da arc wmida eklesia ganaCenda Semdegs: `dauSvebelia istoriis gayalbeba - megrelebisa da svanebis mwignobrobisa da qristianuli kulturis armqoneebad gamocxadeba da am kuTxis SvilebisaTvis XXI saukuneSi bibliis Targmna, rac upirveles yovlisa miznad isaxavs eris gaTiSvas da qveynis mTlianobis darRvevis mcdelobas~ (wm. sinodis sxdomis oqmi, 23, 2005, sapatriarqos uwyebani, #45, gv. 7). amJamad, garkveuli qarTuli wreebi ise warmoadgenen saqmes, TiTqosda `pravoslavnaia enciklopediaSi~ mxolod tao-klarjeTis eTnikuri da kulturuli saxe iyos damaxinjebuli. sinamdvileSi, aq, saqarTvelos yoveli kuTxis

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da saerTod, qarTveli eris istoria gayalbebulia, rogorc TandarTuli literaturis CamonaTvalidan Cans, statiebis avtorebi qarTul oficialur istoriografias eyrdnobodnen. `pravoslavnaia enciklopedias~ mixedviT, aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi mcxeTis aRmosavleTiT mdebare mxareebi, istoriuli albaneTis miwa-wyladaa gamocxadebuli, albanelebi ki - azerbaijaneli eris winaprebad miiCneva, herebi - albaneli xalxis erT-erT jgufadaa warmodgenili. bodbe, gurjaani, saingilo da maxlobeli mxareebi - albanelebis, anu azerbaijanelebis winaprebis istoriul sacxovrisad moiazreba. saqme isaa, rom aseT mosazrebas safuZvlad udevs eklesiis istoriis gayalbeba, wyaroebze zewola, misi monacemebis TviTneburi interpretirebiT kardinaluri daskvnebis miReba, jer TviT saqarTvelos mecnierTa mier da Semdgom maTi damowmebiT ucxoel avtorTa mier. kerZod, `pravoslavnaia enciklopediaSi~ statia `albaneTis sakaTalikosos~ rukis mixedviT, mcxeTis aRmosavleTiT mdebare miwa-wyali (kaxeTi) - albaneTis sakaTalikosos iurisdiqciaSi Semaval teritoriad miiCneva. aseve, `pravoslavnaia enciklopediaSi~ statiaSi - `alaniis samitropolito~ aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mTianeTi, kerZod, leningoris, yazbegis da mimdebare miwa-wyali warmodgenilia konstantinopolis sapatriarqos iurisdiqciis qveS myof alaniis samitropolitos iurisdiqciaSi, mravali qarTuli eklesia-monasteri, da rac mTavaria, miwa-wyali alanur konstantinopoluradaa gamocxadebuli. dasavleT saqarTveloSi (amave enciklopediis statia `afxazeTis sakaTalikosos~ azriT), arabebis dros, TiTqos-

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da, gadasaxlda aRmosavleT saqarvelos mosaxleoba da iq Seitana qarTuli ena da kultura. es imis Sedegad moxda, rom iqamde `konstantinopolis iurisdiqciaSi myof~ dasavleT saqarTveloSi, TiTqosda, SeiWra mcxeTa da iq gabatonda. afxazi saeklesio separatistebic am Tvalsazriss arian CaWidebulni; axlaxan gamoica `afxazeTis marTlmadidebluri eklesiis mokle narkvevi~ mRvdel-monazon doroTe dbaris avtorobiT, sadac damowmebulia `pravoslavnaia enciklopediis~ aRniSnuli statia - qarTvelebis dasavleT saqarTveloSi gadasaxlebis Sesaxeb VIII-X saukuneebSi. avtori eWvmiutanel faqtad miiCnevs Tvalsazriss, rom dasavleT saqarTvelo konstantinopolis iurisdiqciaSi imyofeboda da iq RvTismsaxurebisaTvis eklesiebSi aramxolod berZnuli, aramed afxazuri enac gamoiyeneboda, xolo Semdeg, TiTqosda, afxazuri eklesia da afxazuri saxelmwifo qarTvelma agresorebma qarTuli eklesiis winamZRolobiT daipyres da afxazuri eklesia Cakles (ix. wignSi ~` ( ) 7 @__%`8 `pravoslavnaia enciklopediis~ tomeulebSi, dasavleT saqarTvelos msgavsad, samxreT saqarTveloc araqarTul qveynadaa gamocxadebuli, sadac, TiTqosda, qarTuli eklesiis gabatonebis Semdeg moxda mkvidri `somxebis~ gaqarTveleba. `somxebis~ gaqarTvelebis `Tvalsazrisi~ imdenadaa gavrcelebuli, rom man ukve qarTul saeklesio gamocemebSic SeaRwia. magaliTad, kirion I kaTalikosma qvemo qarTlSi `araqarTuli mosaxleobi s gasaqarTveleblad marjved gamoiyena politikuri viTareba~ (`saqarTvelos

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kaTolikos-patriarqebi~, Tb, 2000. gv. 28). somexi avtorebi, da ara mxolod isini, aseT statiebs safuZvlad udeben Teorias, rom qvemo qarTli da saerTod samxreT saqarTvelo somxuri qveyana iyo, romelic qarTuli eklesiis mier `gaqarTvelda~. Tu gadavSliT aRniSnuli statiis avtoris uamrav Zvel Sromas da mis wignebs, yvelgan saubaria somexTa `gaqarTvelebis~ Sesaxeb. esaa Teoria, romelic qarTuli sabWoTa oficialuri istoriografiisaTvis ueWvel dogmad iqca da mas aviTarebda bolo saukunis manZilze. erTi sityviT `pravoslavnaia enciklopedias~ sxvadasxva tomSi gamoqveynebuli statiebi aris marcxi qarTuli Tanamedrove istoriografiisa. mosalodneli iyo, rom samecniero wreebi am sakiTxis gansaxilvelad gamarTavdnen seminarebs da moxdeboda samecniero azris urTierTgacvla, magram moxda am statiebis ignorireba. saqme isaa, rom Tanamedrove qarTul istoriografias, romelic eyrdnoba `qarTizacia - gaqarTvelebis~ Teorias (rac TiTqos eklesiis winamZRolobiT qarTis tomma VIII-X saukuneebSi moaxdina), ar SeuZlia, amJamad, am sakiTxis gadaWra. axali qarTuli istoriografia am sakiTxis gadaWras SeZlebs, Tu is gaiziarebs Zveli qarTveli istorikosebis Tvalsazriss, rom qarTveli xalxi Camoyalibda ara VIII-X saukuneebSi, eklesiis meoxebiT, mezobeli tomebis qarTizaciis Sedegad, aramed, rom istori aSi gamoCeni s dros qarTveli xalxi warmoadgenda eTnikur mTlianobas, erT xalxs, erTi eniTa da kulturiT, romlis sacxovrisi moicavda dasavleT, aRmosavleT da samxreT saqarTvelos, rom imTaviTve qarTvelebi iyvnen ara mxolod S ida qarTlis mos axleob a, a ramed -

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egriseleb i, svanebi, kaxelebi da samxreT saqarTvelos mosaxleoba, rom maT hqondaT erTi ena (sustad di f ere nc i reb uli f uZe qarTu li ena) ro mels ac daeyrdno saRvTismsaxuro lit urgikuli ena (qristianobis gavrcelebis Semdeg), rom mxolod Semdgom daiw yo am erTiani enis Signi T dialeqtebis warmoqmna. aseTi viTareba ar aris umagaliTo (magaliTad, erTi slavi xalxi, erTiani eniT mxolod gaqristianebis Semdeg daiyo sxvadasxva did enobriv jgufebad). faqti erTiani qarTveli xalxis qristeSobamde arsebobis Sesaxeb, dafiqsirebulia Zvel qarTul wyaroebSi, magaliTad, roca `moqcevai qarTlisai~ wers, rom azoni daadgines mefed mTeli istoriuli saqarTvelosi, rom misi pirveli erTiani `qarTlis samefos~ dasavleT sazRvari gadioda mdinare egriswyalze, es cnoba gulisxmobs, rom egriswyalTan mdebare egrisi qarTlis samefos nawili iyo, xolo misi mosaxleoba qarTveli eris nawili. pirveli erTiani qarTuli saxelmwifos sazRvrebi aseTi iyo: `sazRvari daudva mas hereTi da egriswyali da somxeTi da mTa crolisa~ (`moqcevai qarTlisai~, Zegl. I, 1964, gv. 81). amave Tvalsazriss atarebs `qarTlis cxovreba~, misi yvela mefe uklebliv, farnavazidan vaxtang gorgaslamde, flobda dasavleT saqarTvelos, maSasadame dasavleT saqarTvelos mosaxleoba i mTaviTve qarTveloba iyo (Cveni saeklesio wyaroebis cnobiT) da am mosaxleobas ar esaWiroeboda araviTari `qarTizacia gaqarTveleba~ (a. jafariZe, 1994, gv. 62, 65). rogorc aRiniSna, amave Tvalsazriss gamoTqvams ruis-urbnisis krebis Zegliswerac, sadac andria pirvelwodebuli mTeli saqarTvelos momaqcevlad, xolo wmida nino mTeli qarTveli eris gamaqristianeblad iwodeba.

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Tu am Zvel istorikosTa Tvalsazriss ar gaiziarebs oficialuri istoriografia, cxadia, ver SeZlebs `pravoslavnaia enciklopediisa~ da verc separatistTa miznebis jerovan Sefasebas.

yovelive zemoTqmuli ase SegviZlia SevajamoT: saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis mTlianobis darRvevis mizniT, ruseTis imperiis wiaRSi SemuSavda Sexeduleba saqarTvelos eklesiis prozeliturobis Sesaxeb, romlis arsi Semdegia: IX-X ss-Si aRmosavleT saqarTvelos eklesiam arakanonikurad daiqvemdebara konstantinopolis iurisdiqciis qveS myofi dasavleT saqarTvelos momcveli fazisis samitropolitos, tao-klarjeTis, albaneTis (hereTis) saepiskoposoebi da aseve, aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mTianeTSi konstantinopolis iurisdiqciaSi myofi alaniis samitropolitos eklesiebi... es Tvalsazrisi kargad gamoixata moskovSi 2000-06 wlebSi dastambul `pravoslavnaia enciklopediis~ statiebSi, romelTa ZiriTadi safuZveli aris sabWoTa istorikosTa naSromebi (asaxuli qarTul sabWoTa enciklopediasa da sxva gamocemebSi). amgvar Sexedulebas araviTari istoriuli safuZveli ara aqvs. kerZod, Zveli qarTuli matianeebisa da saeklesio istoriografiis mravali dokumentiT dasturdeba, rom organizaciulad, CamoyalibebisTanave, saqarTvelos eklesiis iurisdiqcia moicavda saqarTveloSi Semaval

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yvela mxares: egriss, tao-klarjeTs, aRmosavleT saqarTvelos, kavkasionis samxreT da CrdiloeT kalTebze arsebul qarTul TemTa sacxovrisebs... kvleva gviCvenebs, rom fazisis samitropolito mdebareobda ara qalaq foTSi, aramed mdinare Woroxis (fazisis) marcxena sanapiros dasavleTiT mdebare trapizonis olqSi. iqve mdebareobda fazisis samitropolitos oTxive saepiskoposo da ara - dasavleT saqarTveloSi. mcxeTis aRmosavleTi miwa-wyali mudam saqarTvelos iurisdiqciaSi imyofeboda qarTuli wyaroebis mixedviT, da amitom iqadaga iq wmida ninom, rogorc movses xorenacic wers, qarTvelTa Soris klarjeTidan masquTebamde (amaves wers ruis-urbnisis krebis `Zegliswera~: andria pirvelwodebulma saxareba iqadaga `yovelsa queyanasa saqarTveloisa~, xolo wmida ninom qristianul sarwmunoebaze moaqcia `yoveli savseba yovlisa qarTvelTa naTesavisa~, didi sjuliskanoni, 1975, gv. 545-546). taosa da klarjeTis mosaxleoba IX-X ss-Si iyvnen ara gaqarTvelebuli somxebi, aramed eTnikuri qarTvelebi, romlebic iqamde VI-VII ss-Si dampyrobelTa iZulebiT imyofebodnen somxur-qalkedonuri eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi, xelsayreli politikuri momentisTanave maT gadaigdes somxur-qalkedonuri eklesiis iurisdiqciis uReli da daubrundnen TavianT mSobliur-erovnul qarTul eklesias. rac Seexeba saqarTvelos mTianeTs - is arasodes yofila konstantinopolis sapatriarqos iurisdiqciaSi, rogorc amas wyaroebi, aseve samxreT da CrdiloeT kavkasiis mTianeTis eklesiebis naSTebis warwerebi aCvenebs.

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gamoye nebuli literatura:

k. gamsaxurdia - troase uli cxen i (akad. n. marris werilis gamo), Txz. t. VIII, 1967. didi sjuliskanoni, Tbilisi, 1975. didi sjul isk anoni, saqarTvel os ekl esiis k ale ndari, Tbilisi, 1987. 8 - D7 !)(#8 m. vaCnaZe, v. guruli - iv. jav axiSvili, tiraniis samsjavros winaSe, Tb., 2004. r. TofCiSvili - qarTvelTa eTnikuri istoria, Tb., 2002. ~` - 7 7 @__%8 a. liparteliani - svanur-qarTuli l eqsikoni, (Coloruli kilo), Tb., 1994. d. musxeliSvili - saqarTvelo IV-VIII saukuneebSi, 2003. d. mu sxeliSvil i - qarTul i eklesia da saxel mwifo teritoria Sua saukuneebSi, saqarTvelos sapatriarqos qristianuli kvle vis saerTaSoriso cen tri, II sae rTaSoriso simpoziu mi, 24-26 noemberi, 2005. saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t. II, Tb., 1973. T. papuaSvili - adrefeodaluri xan is qarTuli literatura da saist orio mwerl oba, wignSi: `saqarTvelos istoriis nark vevebi, t. II, Tb., 1973. t. fut karaZe - q arTvelebi, nawili I, quTaisi, 2005. n . q u Te l ia - q arTu l i e n a, rogorc k u l t u ru l erovn uli da pol itikuri mTlianobis safuZveli, krebulSi: axlo aRm osavleTi da saqarTve lo, IV, Tb., 2005.

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a. xe laia - mim arTva genu is konferencias, Ju rnali mnaTobi, 1988. m. xorenaci - somxeTis istoria, 1984. mitropoliti an ania jafariZe - saq arTvelos samociqul o eklesiis istoria, t. I-II, 1996-1999. mitropoliti anania - qarTvelTa winaprebis bibliuri istoria adamidan iesomde, Tb., 1994.

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Metropolitan Anania (Japaridze) - Head of the Chair of Theology of the Technical University of Georgia The Dominant V iew in Soviet Historiography on Proselytism of the Georgian Church and its Criticism Summary
In order to destroy the unity of the Georgian Apostolic Church, Russian

imperial circles elaborated the view concerning the proselytism of the Georgian Church, namely, allegedly the Georgian Church existing only in the central part of eastern Georgia uncanonically subordinated (and georgianized the population too): the Metropolitan Diocese of Phasis covering western Georgia being under the jurisdiction of Constantinople, southern Georgia (TaoKlarjeti), the dioceses existing to the east of Mtskheta, being, in their view, under the jurisdiction of the Catholicosate of Albania (Hereti) and the churches of the Metropolitan Diocese of Alania of eastern Georgian highland regions being under the jurisdiction of ConstantinopleThis view was expressed in the entries of Pravaslavnaia entsiklopedia published in 2000-2006 in Moscow, which are based mainly on works of Soviet historians (found in Georgian Soviet Encyclopaedia and other publications). The above-mentioned view is devoid of any historical foundation, in particular, old Georgian annals and numerous documents of church historiography confirm that: The jurisdiction of the Georgian Church immediately after its establishment and in the subsequent period covered all the areas forming part of Kartli/ Georgia: Egrisi, historical Tao-Klarjeti, the eastern part of eastern Georgia, homelands of the Kartvelian communities existing on the southern and northern slopes of the CaucasusThe study shows that the Metropolitan Diocese of Phasis was located not in the town of Poti but on the left bank of the River Chorokhi (Phasis), which was within the Trapezus district. All the four dioces-

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es of the Metropolitan Diocese of Phasis were also there, and not in western Georgia. The land to the east of Mtskheta has always been within the Georgian jurisdiction according to Georgian sources, that is why there, as Moses Khorenaci notes as well, St. Nino preached among the Georgians from Klarjeti to Maskuts (cf. Accounts of the Great Nomocanon, pp.545-546: st. Andrew who was first called preached the Gospel in all the regions of Georgia, and St. Nino converted to Christianity all communities of the Kartvelian stock). Similarly, the Georgian population of Tao and partially Klarjeti in the 9th-10th cc. were not Georgianized Armenians but ethnic Georgians who had found themselves within the jurisdiction of the Armenian-Chalcedonic Church under the pressure of invaders in the 6th-7th cc. At a suitable moment they freed themselves from the burden of the jurisdiction of the Armenian-Chalcedonic Church and returned to their native and national Georgian Church. As regards the highland region of Georgia, it has never been in the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Constantinople, as evidenced by sources as well as inscriptions on the ruins of churches in the southern and northern Caucasian mountains.

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 ~` -
8 7 IX-X 8 d 7 7 . ~-`7 b djcnjrt 7 7 ~` 7 nfr;t 7 888 ( )7 @___-_^ 7 ~ ( ) `8 9 5 5 7 -5 7 -7

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 7 7 888 7 7 ~`7 7 7 8 8 7 7 7 ( )7 ( )`8 ~(Lblb Cl;ekbcrfyjyb)7 19757 cnh8 545-5468 yf uhep8 zpsrt`8 IX-X 8 7 7 VI-VII 8 - 7 - 8 7 7 7 8

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saqarTvelos teqnikuri universiteti Teologiis kaTedra

damkabadonebeli: Tamar revaziSvili kompiuteruli uzrunvelyofa: giorgi kereseliZe koba bakuria

Tbilisi, m. kostavas 77

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