Solutions for

Mine Backll

Expanding Horizons Underground

Technology Overview

7 1

3 2

4 5 7 8 6

1 Pr Pre-Injection eInjection/Rock 2 Injection/Roc ck Bolting Sprayed Concrete/MEYCO Piccola 3 TSL/Dry Spra ayed Concr cola ete/MEYCO Picc Wet Sprayed Concrete/MEYCO Cobra 4 W et Mix Spra ayed Concr ete/MEYCO Cob bra

5 Mine Backll Wet 6 W et Mix Sprayed Concrete/MEYCO Concrete/M MEYCO Altera Admixture 7 Ad dmixture for Shaft Concrete Concrete e Admixture Concrete 8 Ad dmixture for Roadway Conc crete

Introduction

Chemical solution Chemical sol u t io n w with it h p otential cost c os t r ed uc t ions potential reductions

Back Backll, k ll, t the he p process rocess of of back back lling lling m material aterial i into nto t the he un underground derground v voids oids c created reated b y mining, mining, is e s s e n ti a l i nm any un de erground operations operations for for the the hol is stic extraction extraction by essential in many underground holistic p ro c e s s. B ack ll material material types types and and processes processes are are numerous numerous but but normally n o r m a ll y process. Backll u tilize a blend blend of of binders, binders, process process water water and and aggregates aggregates ranging ranging from from rock, ro ck , utilize c r u s he d a ggregates, g ravel a nd q ua r r ie d s a nds t ot ailings left lef t over over from from mineral min e r a l crushed aggregates, gravel and quarried sands to tailings p rocessing t op rovide t he required required restraint restraint to to enable enable massive massive strategic strategic support supp o r t processing to provide the o r the the h un derground extraction extraction sequence sequence of of the the ore. ore. Mine Mine ba ck ll is b ecoming or underground backll becoming m ore and and more more important impor tant because because of of the th e t re n d s i n m inin g t o: m in e d eeper, more trends in mining to: mine deeper, o ptimize o re r ecover y, o ptimize w ater r ecover y, i mprove t he m in e c ycle a nd optimize ore recovery, optimize water recovery, improve the mine cycle and o ptimize p roduction, decrease decrease environmental environmental impact impact and and reduce reduce overall overall cost. c o s t. optimize production, T he t ype o fb ack ll used used depends depends on on geotechnical geotechnical requirements, requirements, the the value value of of The type of backll t he ore, ore, conditions conditions in in the the mine, mine, b udget, lifetime lifetime of of the the project, p r oj e c t, e xperiences, and a nd the budget, experiences, a vailable e q u ip m e n t . T h e re i sam o re s cientic approach approach to to this this challenge challenge that th a t available equipment. There is more scientic c an help h lp m he ining c ompanies un derstand a nd r un backll back ll op e r a ti o n s a t lo wer r isks can mining companies understand and run operations at lower risks a nd lower lower costs. c o s t s. and A dvanced admixtures admixtures can can solve solve various various problems problems associated associated with with backll back ll Advanced p ro c e s s e s. T he se r a nge f ro m p aste e to c e m e nt a ggregate ( CAF ) t ype s o fb ack ll. processes. These range from paste cement aggregate (CAF) types of backll. C hemical solutions solutions are a re a vailable to to increase increase solid solid content, content, reduce reduce friction friction and a nd Chemical available s e g r e g a t i o n, m odif y rheology rheology and and ow, ow, and and reduce reduce binder binder content content as as well well as as segregation, modify c osts. We We push push back back t he physical physical limits limits with w i th o ur e x i s ti n g t echnologies such such as as costs. the our existing technologies r etarders, water water r educers, s uperplasticizers, vi s c osit y m odif ying admixtures admixtures retarders, reducers, superplasticizers, viscosity modifying ( VMAs ) etc. etc. a nd w ea re w o r k in g h a rd t og oe ven f u r th e r i na ll a re a s o fb a c k lli n g (VMAs) and we are working hard to go even further in all areas of backlling o perations. Depending Depending on on our our customers customers requirements, requirements, we we can can control control and a nd operations. a chieve : retardation, retardation, a cceleration, rheology rheology control, control, m odied v iscosity, reduce re du c e achieve: acceleration, modied viscosity, y ie ld s tre s s a nd p u m p in g p re s s u re s. F ur thermore, w ec an s tabilize nes nes in in the th e yield stress and pumping pressures. Furthermore, we can stabilize ll matrix matrix and and reduce reduce slime slime run run off, of f, segregation segregation and and porosity, porosity, and and also also enhance e nha nc e ll s trength development development and and optimize optimize binder binder content. content. strength B ASFs i n d u s tr y l e a din g t echnologies should should be be considered considered for for new new mining minin g BASFs industry leading technologies p r oj e c t s a sw e ll a se x i s ti n g o perations as as they they create create opportunities oppor tunities for for the the mine min e projects as well as existing operations o wne r t oo perate s ystems t hat are a re s afer, m o re e nvironmentally friendly friendly and and more m o re owner to operate systems that safer, more environmentally c ost effective. ef fective. cost

F low o ptimizatio on Flow optimization

Solutions

Performance P er formance r requirements equirements

T he c The criteria riteria a and nd r requirements e qui re m e nt s f for or b backlling ack lling can can vary var y substantially, substantially, depending d e p e n din g o n the the site site specic specic requirements. requirements. BASF BASF offers of fers an an extensive extensive range range of of customized customized on s olutions for for all all types types of of mine mine and and underground underground backll back ll operations, operations, all all of of which w hi c h solutions h ave been been developed developed with with a focus focus on: on : have P Placing the ll l a c in g t he ll at at the the lowest lowest possible possible cost cost I Improving reliability mproving r eliability of of ll ll delivery deliver y (ensuring ( ensuring reliable reliable and and adequate adequate delivery deliver y volumes) v olumes ) M Maximizing a ximizing the the quality, quality, consistency, consistency, uniformity uniformity and and performances per formances of of the the ll ll P Providing cost-effective, sustainable backll roviding a c ost-ef fective, efcient ef cient and a nd s u s t a in a b l e b ack ll solution solution as as a part pa r t of the total mining operation o ft he t ot a l m inin g o p e r a ti o n I Improving mproving safety safety M Minimizing the risk of ll failure or liquefaction i n i m iz i n g t he r isk o f ll f a il u r e o rl i q u e f a c ti o n E Ensuring adequate early n s u r in g a dequate e arly strength s tr e n g th S Sustaining ustaining long-term long-term strength s tr e n g th M Minimizing blockage risk inimizing b lockage r isk A Achieving dimensional stability chieving d im e n s i o n a l s tability after af ter placement p lac e m e nt Minim Minimizing izing segregation segregation O Optimizing ptimizing production production efciency ef ciency and and maintenance maintenance costs c osts R Reducing educing build-up build-up in in the the pipe pipe lines li n e s BASFs extensive range backlling solutions have been developed to B ASFs e xtensive r ange of of mine mine b ack lling s olutions ha ve b een de veloped t o provide the p rovide t h optimum he optimum balance balance of of high high early early strength strength and and sustainable sustainable long long term term strength, s trength, ensuring ensuring dimensional dimensional stability stability after af ter placement placement by by meeting meeting (or ( or exceedexceeding) design performance i ng ) d esign ll ll p er formance requirements. re qui re m e nt s.

BASF and B ASF products p rod uc t s a nd support suppor t

BASF B ASF offers of fe ers chemical chemical admixtures admixtures that that aim aim to to make make the the ll ll less less costly costly and and more m o re reliable, the r eliable, and and reach reach or or exceed exceed t he design design performance. p e r f o r m a n c e. Divided into three distinct D ivi de d i nto t h re e d istinct product product categories, categories, BASFs BASFs range range of of backll back ll admixadmixtures includes specialized rheology modiers, hydration modiers and durability t u re s i ncludes s pecialized r heology m odiers, h ydration m odiers a nd d urability enhancers. e nhancers. All All products products are are supported suppor ted by by BASFs BASFs extensive extensive training training and and afteraf tersales s ales service. s e r v i c e.

Rheology mod Rheology modifying if ying a dmix tures admixtures

Paste Fill: Rheology Rheo ology modifying admixtures admixtures can n enhance the workability of most mo ost paste ll mixes in i the following ways: Reduced bind der usage for any given str ength hr equirement binder strength requirement Reduced pr es ssure losses (longer transportation improved ow) o ow) transportation distance and/or improved pressure eline wear rate Reduced pipe pipeline oved ll placement p (r educed beach angle) angle e) Impr Improved (reduced oved consistency con nsistency of the ll mix and r educed segregation segregation Impr Improved reduced Hydraulic Fill: Rheology R admixtures s improve improve stability and transporttranspo ortmodifying admixtures ability of a hydr raulic ll at a constant solids density d a hydraulic or enhance owability and esulting in: transportability of the ll at higher density of th he hydraulic ll, r the resulting Reduced p pr es ssure losses (longer ( g transportation transportati p on distance and/or improved impr p oved ow) o ow) ) pressure Reducing bloc ckage risk blockage Reduced pipe eline and mixer wear rate pipeline eased efc ciency and pr oductivity of back ll plant Incr Increased efciency productivity backll eased en nergy consumption Decr Decreased energy oved ll placement (more (more consistent and homogeneous properties properties of Impr Improved placed ll) Impr oved drai inage capabilities and signicantly signican ntly decreased decreased nes migration from from o Improved drainage the ll (slimes) ) Better water management m der usage for any given str ength hr equirement Reduced bind binder strength requirement oved consistency con nsistency of the ll mix and r educed segregation segregation Impr Improved reduced

Hydration H ydration controlling controlling a dmix tures admixtures

The use of selec cted hydration-contr olling admix xtures in cemented lls can: selected hydration-controlling admixtures etard the strength strength gain in the placed p importa ant Accelerate or r retard ll. This can be an important issue dependi ing on the mining method and mining m schedule. depending ol cement cemen nt hydration prior to ll placement. placeme ent. This can be very useful from from an Contr Control operational po oint of view because it r educes the t generation of waste and costly cos stly point reduces pipeline block kages. blockages. Give possibilit ties for the operator to manage the t process, process, as ll behavior is conco onpossibilities tr ollable by do osage rate. trollable dosage requirements and pr ojects, suc h as those r equiring the placement placeme ent For specic site requirements projects, such requiring of the ll into a stope with running water, water, BASF F provides provides solutions for improving improving the durability of the ll. BASFs BASFs specialized range ran nge of durability enhancing admixadm mixtur es can either be used alone or in a combination combina ation to improve improve ll durability: verv ver tures satile performan nces that can meet the needs of f even the most demanding project proje ect performances specications.

Durability enhancement D urabilit y e nhancement

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Brochures Br rochur o res e on our un underground ndergr ro ound construction solutions ar are re available at www www.meyco.basf.com/mining: .meyco.basf.com/m mining:

and for Mineral Pr Processing: roc ocessing: www.basf.com/miningchemicals www.basf.com/m miningchemicals

The information given in this BASF publication pu ublication is based upon the present present state of our ou ur scientic and practical knowledge. As the information inf formation herein herein is of a generic nature, nature, no assumption assu umption can be made as to a pr oducts suitability for a particular use or application and no gua arantee or warranty as to it s accuracy , reliability reliability or completeness either expressed expressed or implied implie ed is given. products guarantee its accuracy,

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