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Part List: 1. IC LM35 2. Any general purpose NPN Transistor e.g. BC548 3. Low power DC Motor (you can easily get from old thrown DVD Player or Tape Recorder 4.small fan Blade Circuit Diagram of Automatic Fan Controller 5. 10 or 4.7 resistance 6. Battery etc. *For the simplicity of the circuit we have not included control to threshold level.
ECE VISTA
Battery-level indicator
Normally, in mobile phones, the battery level is shown in dot or bar form. This lets you easily recognise the battery level. Here we present a circuit that lets you know the battery level of a device from the number of LEDs that are glowing. It uses ten LEDs in all. So if three LEDs glow, it indicates battery capacity of 30 per cent. Unlike in mobile phones where the battery-level indicator function is integrated with other functions, here only one comparator IC (LM3914) does it all. The LM3914 uses ten comparators, which are internally assembled in the voltage divider network based on the current-division rule. So it divides the battery level into ten parts.
the battery capacity is full, i.e., the battery is fully charged. When the battery is fully charged, relay-driver transistor T1 conducts to energise relay RL1. This stops the charging through normally-open (N/O) contacts of relay RL1. For calibration, connect 15V variable, regulated power supply and initially set it at 3V. Slowly adjust VR1 until LED1 glows. Now, increase the input voltage to 15V in steps of 1.2V until the corresponding LED (LED2 through LED10) lights up. Now the circuit is ready to show any voltage value with respect to the maximum voltage. As the number of LEDs is ten, we can easily consider one LED for 10 per cent of the maximum voltage. Connect the voltage from any battery to be tested at the input probes of the circuit. By examining the number of LEDs glowing
The circuit derives the power supply for its operation from the battery of the device itself. It uses ten LEDs wired in a 10-dot mode. The use of different coloured LEDs makes it easier to recognise the voltage level on the basis of the calibration made. Red LEDs (LED1 through LED3) indicate battery capacity of less than 40 per cent. Orange LEDs (LED4 through LED6) indicate battery capacity of 40 to less than 70 per cent and green LEDs (LED7 through LED10) indicate battery capacity of 70 to fewer than 100 per cent. The brightness of the LEDs can be adjusted by varying the value of pre-set VR2 between pins 6 and 7. Diode D1 prevents the circuit from reverse-polarity battery connection. The tenth LED glows only when
you can easily know the status of the battery. Suppose five LEDs are glowing. In this case, the battery capacity is 50 to 59 per cent of its maximum value. Assemble the circuit on a general- purpose PCB. Calibrate it and then encl
ECE VISTA
GADGETS
Specifications: Screen CPU RAM HDD Graphics USB Ports DVD writer Gigabit Ethernet Wi-Fi HDMI/Display port Multicard reader Express card slot Weight OS 11.6-inch glossy LEDbacklit, 1366x768 res Intel Core 2 Duo 1.4-GHz SU9400 2GB DDR3 Onboard 128GB flash Nvidia GeForce 320M 2 No No 802.11 b/g/n No/yes No No 1.06-kg Mac OS X 10.6.5
Full performance: The 11inch MacBook Air ultraportable laptop's screen is slightly larger than the Apple iPad tablet's as is evident from the image below. In terms of their weight, the iPad is slightly lighter weighing about 700gm compared to the 11inch MacBook Air laptop's weight of just over 1-kg. WorldBench 6 Adobe photoshop(sec) Microsoft office 2003(sec) Multitasking(sec) Cinebench PC Mark Vantage PC Mark 05 3D Mark 06 Battery life(min) 77 664 430 523 3223 4366 4597 4300 120
ECE VISTA
SCIENTISTS
fundamental modification of Marconi's wireless transmitting system. Braun tried to overcome the difficulty in increasing the range of a transmitter beyond 15 km (9 mi). He believed he could expand this range by increasing the power of the transmitter. Studying the Marconi transmitter, which used a sparking apparatus to produce periodic waves that travel through the air, he learned that attempts to increase the power output by increasing the length of the spark gap eventually reached a limit at which the spark caused a decrease in output. Braun solved this dilemma by producing a sparkles antenna circuit. He magnetically coupled the power from the transmitter to the antenna circuit using a transformer effect instead of having the antenna directly in the power circuit. Braun's circuit has been applied to all similar transmission, including radio, radar, and television. A patent was granted on this circuit in 1899. Braun also invented a transmitter that channelled the transmission of electric waves in one direction. Braun gained notoriety outside the laboratory as well when he was called to the United States in 1914 to testify in litigation involving radio broadcasting. He was still in the country in 1917 when the United States entered World War I, and he was not allowed to return to Germany. He died in a Brooklyn, New York, and hospital in 1918.
While Braun also made many contributions to pure science, he won honours for his
ANURAG GROUP OF INST IT UTIONS, GHATKESAR
ECE VISTA
GUEST LECTURERS
the countrys fast-unravelling rural transformation. In 2008, Business Today magazine included him in its list of Indias Top 25 Young Executives under the age of 40. Most recently, on a short break from IRMA, he was a Visiting Scholar at the Centre for the Advanced Study of India (CASI) at the University of Pennsylvania.
Born on March 4, 1970, Dr Bhandari is an alumnus of St. Stephens College, Delhi, and the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA. He did his BA (Honors) in History from St. Stephens College, and then a Masters in Modern History from the University of Delhi. He went on to do a second Masters in South Asian Studies at the University of Pennsylvania and proceeded to complete his PhD in History from the same university.
Most recently, as a co-author of "The State of Panchayats Report: An Independent Assessment, 2007-08, Indias first macrostudy of institutions of local self-governance in India, Dr Bhandari has taken a particular interest in the study of social and community mobilizations in India, and explored strategies for mediation between the state and extremist movements. His work as a professor and the director of IRMA involves an in-depth engagement with the changing character of rural India, and the role that academic and civil society organisations can play in shaping
ANURAG GROUP OF INST IT UTIONS, GHATKESAR
ECE VISTA
RECENT INVENTIONS
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3 DOODLER
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