Criminal Procedure PROF. DEMETRIO DC. CUSTODIO Jr.

Criminal Jurisdiction of Courts a) MeTc, MTC, MCTC Judiciar !ct of "#$%, Section &' as amended ( R! )*#", P.D. "*%*, R! $'+# , cit or munici-al ordinances , offenses -unis.a(le not more t.an * ears , ot.er cases fallin/ 0it.in e1clusi2e 3urisdiction of Sandi/an(a an and RTC () RTC , all cases not 0it.in ori/inal 3urisdiction of an ot.er court. c) C! Ori/inal E1clusi2e ori/inal 4+)) E1clusi2e a--ellate d) Sandi/an(a an PD "*%*, amended ( R! $'+# , e1clusi2e ori/inal , R! &%"# 45')) , ill /otten 0ealt. , office must (e constituent element of offense6 if not, alle/e relation to disc.ar/e of official duties , in relation t o -u(lic office 7aurel 2. Desierto 8.R. "+9&"$ !-ril "', '%%' Re:uisites for e1ercise of criminal 3urisdiction Su(3ect matter Territor !ccused Determined ( alle/ations of Com-laint ;ua a 2s. Polo "*# S +)" Peo-le 2s. 7a/on "$9 S ++'

Rule 110 (Prosecution of Offenses)

Section " , Institution , 0.ere Preliminar In2esti/ation re:uired 45 + ears, ' mont.s, " da ) , all ot.ers , -ro-er officer In:uest Procedure <ai2er of !rticle "'9, Re2ised Penal Code Prescri-tion Francisco 2. Court of !--eals "'' S 9&$ Condition Precedent to Filin/ of Case=<.en Direct to Court Section & , Com-laint , offended -art , .o0 defined> , -eace officer , inter2ention of -rosecutor Section + , Information , distin/uis. from com-laint , concurrent 3urisdiction of Om(dusman and ot.er -rosecutin/ a/encies In3unction 2s. criminal -rosecution ?on,offended -art ma file for PI> Ri/.t to file -ersonal> Section 9 , <.o Must Prosecute Prosecutor=Offended Part =Peace Officer=Offended S-ouse Determination of Persons 7ia(le Discretion of Pu(lic Prosecutor Mandamus a2aila(le> Motion for Inclusion Sanc.e@ 2. Demetriou '') S *') Control ( Court Cres-o 2. Mo/ul "9" S +*' Pere@ 2. Aa/ono Rural ;anB &') S 9$$

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Sta. Rosa Minin/ Co. 2. Ca(ala "9& S &*) Effect of Petition for Re2ie0 to DOJ Refusal of Prosecutor to Prosecute Section * D Sufficienc of Com-laint or Information , Peo-le 2. CFI Eue@on '%* S "$) , Peo-le 2. !suncion "*" S +#% , I7O 2. C! "%$ P #&$ , P 2. Re/ala ""& S *"& Procedural Re:uirements of Falid Com-laint or Information Section ) , ?ame of !ccused Section $ , Desi/nation of Offense 4includin/ :ualif in/ circumstances) , P. 2 Elesterio ")& S '+& Section # D Cause of !ccusation Matilde 2. Ja(son *$ S +9* ;alitaan 2. CFI ;atan/as ""9 S )'# P 2 Perreras &*' S '%' P 2. !la/ao "* S $)# P. 2s. !/udu@ +'" S *#' Section "% , Place of Commission <.en sufficient> <.ere -lace is essential Section "", Date of Commission P 2 ;orromeo "'& S '9& Section "' , ?ame of offended -art If unBno0n D remed > Section "& D Du-licit of offense , onl one offense Manuel F. PaGo ")' S ''9 Distin/uis. from Com-le1 Crimes Section "+ D !mendment or Su(stitution Test of Pre3udice to !ccused !mendment or Su(stitutionH Distin/uis.

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<.o ma initiate> Tee.anBee, Jr. 2. Mada a/ '%) S "&+ Peo-le 2s. Case "%& S '" Section "9 , Place 0.ere action to (e filed. Distin/uis.H Transitor and continuin/ crimes Section "* D Inter2ention of offended -art Effect of Reser2ation

RULE 111 (Prosecution of Criminal Actions) Ci2il lia(ilit , (asis t.ereof Consolidation of criminal action 0it. criminal case ?a/uiat 2s. I!C "*+ S 9%9 Co3uan/co 2s. C! '%& S *"# P 2s ;a otas '&* S '&# Pre3udicial Euestion Ras 2s. Rasul"%% S "'9 7i(rodo 2s. Coscolluela ""* S &%& Tuada 2. Sandi/an(a an '+# S &+' Feloso 2. Carmona )) S +9$ Faraon 2s. Priela '+ S 9$' Iona.a 2. C! '99 S &#) Cor-us 2. Pa3e '$ S "%*'

RULE 112 (Preliminary Investigation) Section " , Definition Mandator Rolito 8o 2. Court of !--eals '%* S "&$ Effect of !(sence of Preliminar In2esti/ation <.en alle/ations of com-laint amended

Section ) , E1ce-tion to ri/.t of Preliminar In2esti/ation Recourse of Com-lainant Filadams P.arma 2. C! +'* S +*% Osorio 2. Desierto +)' S 99# Castillo 2. Fillalu@ ")" S &# P .2. Intin/ "$) S )*$ Procedure on Preliminar In2esti/ation Preliminar In2esti/ation, a 3udicial in:uir > Distin/uis.H Criminal In2esti/ation from Preliminar In2esti/ation. <.at is -ro(a(le cause> Drilon 2. Court of !--eals '9$ S '$% !llado 2s DioBno '&' S "#' Soria 2 Desierto +9% S &&# Preferred Aome S-ecialties 2 C! +)$ S &$) Pineda ?/ 2 Peo-le 8R "$#9&& ?o2em(er "9, '%"% Tamar/o 2s !0in/an *"% S &"* Resolution of In2esti/atin/ Prosecutor !--eal to DOJ Remed of accused if no Preliminar In2esti/ation conducted Effect of !--eal to DOJ Rule 11 (Arrest) Definition Ao0 Made Falcor@a 2. Peo-le &% S "+& <.ere to deli2er Person !rrested Term of <arrant !rrest <it.out <arrant <.en 7a0ful 4a=(=c)

Meanin/ of J-ro(a(le causeK Peo-le 2. Doria &%" S )'$ Presence and a0areness Posadas 2. Court of !--eals "$$ S '$$ J;u ;ustK o-eration, 0.en not 2alid. Peo-le 2. Enrile ''' S 9$* Peo-le 2. ;autista '') S "9' JPersonal Lno0led/e = Aot PursuitK Peo-le 2s U (oco 8R ")$%&#, Januar "#, '%""

Rule 11! ("ail) Definition CuGo 2. Ca(e(e +++ S &$' <.en discretionar > (efore con2iction after con2iction -enalt is im-risonment * ears M6 (aila(le under fi2e circumstances (ut su(3ect to re2ie0 after con2iction of ca-ital offense ;ail In Ca-ital Offenses a--lication ( accused .earin/ Prosecution e2idence 4(ecomes -art of trial on t.e merits) Defense e2idence ;urden of Proof Ca-ital offense Peo-le 2s. Dacudao, ")% S +$# ;ra2o 2. De ;or3a "&+ S +** Denial of -etition for (ail6 remed Pro-ert (ond or Cor-orate Suret defined 4Secs. "% N "") :ualifications of sureties Cas. (ond Reco/ni@ance

onl 0.en allo0ed ( la0 a. R.!. *%&* i. 2iolation of cit =munici-al ordinance ii. li/.t felon 6 -enalt not .i/.er t.an si1 4*) mont.s and=or fine of P',%%%.%% P.D. *%& , out.ful offender can (e commuted to De-artment of Social <elfare and De2elo-ment if una(le to -ost (ail P 2 Jalos3os &'+ S *$# Miranda 2 Tuliao +$* S &)) ;ail <.en ?ot Re:uired ;ail <.ere Filed ?otice to Prosecution ;ail ?o ;ar (.

Rule 11# Ri/.ts of !ccused at Trial Due Process In Criminal Procedure Peo-le 2s. Da-itan "#) S &)$ Trial in !(sentia 4"#)& Constitution, !rt. IF, Sec. "#) Parada 2. Feneracion '*# S &)" Presence Re:uired , arrai/nment , -romul/ation , Prosecution 0ill -resent 0itness to identif accused <ai2er of Ri/.t to Counsel Peo-le 2s. ?icandro "+" S '$# <itness 2s. Aimself C.a2e@ 2s. Court of !--eals '+ S **&

I(idH contra as J0itnessK Peo-le 2s. Jud/e ! son ")9 S '"* Ri/.t to Counsel , durin/ custodial in2esti/ation and e2en after filin/ of Information in court , of o0n c.oice Peo-le 2s Ser@o 8R ""$+&9 June '%, "##) Ri/.t to Defend Oneself Ri/.t 2s. Self,incriminationH ?ot includin/ e1amination of (od 0.en material P 2. Iatar +'$ S 9%+ T.e Ri/.t to Cross,E1amine ?ature <ai2a(le Effect of Deat. of <itness Ful/ado 2s. Court of !--eals "$' S $" Com-ulsor Process attendance of 0itnesses -roduction of ot.er e2idence Ri/.t to S-eed Trial 4"#$) Constitution, !rt. III, Sec. ") S-eed Trial !ct of "##$ 4R! $+#&) ReH Circular ?o. &$,#$ 8uerrero 2s. Court of !--eals 7,"%)'"", June '$, "##* Remed 2s. Denial of Ri/.t to S-eed Trial Motion to Dismiss Sec. "+, SC Circular ?o. &$,#$

Rule 11$ Arraignment an% Plea Ao0 made Presence re:uired Su(stitute Plea

C.an/e of Plea Ri/.ts of !ccused Under Detention Presence of Offended Part 8rounds for Sus-ension <.en Information !mended Effect of Denial Peo-le 2s. !licando '9" SCR! '#& ?o arrai/nment in a(sentia ?olasco 2s Enrile "&# SCR! 9%' Plea to ! 7esser Offense arrai/nment (efore trial Plea to a Ca-ital Offense Effects Formalities Re:uired Peo-le 2s. Cama "9' S +%" <.at is Searc.in/ In:uir > Peo-le 2s. Da ot "$) S *&) Peo-le 2s. !licando, su-ra Plea to ?on,Ca-ital Offense <it.dra0al of Im-ro2ident Plea of 8uilt Plea must (e unconditional Peo-le 2s. PatricB de 7una ")+ S '%+

Rule 11& 'otion to (uas) !mendment of Information !llo0ed Rule on Dou(le Jeo-ard <ai2ed if not -leaded

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no offense c.ar/ed lacB of 3urisdiction o2er offense e1tinction of offense dou(le 3eo-ard

Jeo-ard 0ill attac. e2en if case is dismissed ( a Motion to Dismiss Test of Identit of offenses Peo-le 2s. Dori/ue@ '+ S "*& ?o dou(le 3eo-ard 4Section )) for -rosecution of /ra2er offenses under s-ecial circumstances

Rule 11* (Pre+,rial) Pre,trial D Mandator <it.in &% da s after court ac:uires 3urisdiction o2er t.e -erson Su(3ect of Pre,trial 4a) to 4f) Pre,trial !/reement Pre,Trial Order Pre,trial !/reeents See Section &, R! $+#&)

Rule 11,rial Time to -re-are "9 da s after -lea of not /uilt &% da s from recei-t of Pre,trial order6 trial s.all commence Continuous trial ,once commenced, da to da as far as -ractica(le, until terminated ,ma (e -ost-oned for a reasona(le -eriod of time for /ood cause ,continuous trial on 0eeBl or ot.er s.ort term calendar6 no trial s.ould e1ceed "$% da s from da of "st trial, e1ce-t as ot.er0ise aut.ori@ed ( Su-reme Court 4Sec. $, SC Circular ?o. &$,#$)

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Time 7imitation ?ot !--lica(le 4S-eed Trial !ct of "##$ a. Criminal cases co2ered ( "##" Rule on Summar Procedure 4See Rule "'&) SeeH Sec. # to Sec. "+ (. R.!. +#%$ 4<.en offended -art a(out to de-art from P.ili--ines) , taBe -recedence o2er all cases e1ce-t .a(eas cor-us N election cases c. S-eed Trial of C.ild !(use cases 4Sec. '", Rules and Re/ulations, reH Sec. &", R.!. )*"%) d. Fiolation of Dan/erous Dru/s !ct , #% da s from date of filin/ of information 4Sec. &#, DD!) e. !dministrati2e Order "%+,#* Lidna--in/=Lidna- for Ransom, Ro((er in ;and Ro((er !/ainst Financial Institutions Fiolation of Dan/erous Dru/s !ct of "#)' Fiolation of !nti,Carna--in/ !ct of "#)' Ot.er Aeinous Crimes 4R.!. )*9#) , , mandator continuous trial and to (e terminated 0it.in si1t 4*%) da s6 3ud/ment due 0it.in &% da s from su(mission

Remed of !ccused ,motion to dismiss information due to denial of ri/.t to s-eed trial ,accused to mo2e (efore trial6 ot.er0ise, 0ai2ed Order of Trial E1amination of <itnesses for !ccused (efore Trial ;ail Re:uired for Material <itnesses E1amination of <itness for Prosecution De-osition in Criminal Cases denied in Peo-le 2. <e(( &"' S 9)& allo0ed in DasmariGas 8arments 2s. Re es ''9 S *''

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State <itness Conditions for disc.ar/e , a(solute necessit , a(sence of ot.er direct e2idence , corro(oration , not most /uilt , no -rior con2iction R! *#$" Demurrer On/ 2. Peo-le &+' S &)'

Rule 120 (.u%gment) Re:uirements of a Falid Jud/ment ContentsH Jud/ment for ' or more Offenses , in case of 2ariance Peo-le 2s Fillamar, 8R ?o, "'"")9, ?o2 +, "##$ Finalit of Jud/ment , e1ce-t -enalt is deat. -enalt , su(3ect to re2ie0 Rule 121 (/e0 ,rial or Reconsi%eration) 8rounds Distin/uis. from Motion to Re,o-en or Motion for Reconsideration !/ulto 2s. Court of !--eals "$" S $% Effects of ?e0 Trial=Reconsideration Rule 122 (A11eal)

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Ao0 to !--eal Period to !--eal Iu 2s Aon Rosa Samson,Tatad and Peo-le, 8R ")%#)#, Fe( #, '%"" !--eal to RTC Effects of !--eal ?o a--eal ( Prosecution 4Sec. ")6 E1ce-tions ". a--eal reH ci2il lia(ilit '. no dou(le 3eo-ard Effect of a--eal on non,a--ellants Sal2atierra 2s C!, 8R ""9##$, June "", '%%%

Rule 12 (Proce%ure in 'unici1al ,rial Courts) Sec. "H Same -rocedure in Re/ional Trial Court e1ce-t 0.ere a -articular -ro2ision a--lies onl to eit.er, or in criminal cases /o2erned ( Re2ised Rules on Summar Procedures, to 0itH a. (. c. d. e. 2iolations of traffic la0s=ordinances 2iolations of Rental 7a0 2iolations of cit =munici-alit ordinance criminal cases 0.ere -enalt not more t.an si1 4*) mont.s im-risonment, or a fine of P",%%%.%% or (ot. offenses in2ol2in/ dan/er to -ro-ert t.rou/. criminal ne/li/ence and im-osa(le fine not more t.an P"%,%%%.%% Rule 12! (Proce%ure 2 Court of A11eals) Title of case to re2ie0 t.e same Rule in Filin/ ;riefsH &% D &% D '% 4da s) Po0er to Recei2e E2idence

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, instances Motion for ?e0 Trial Rule 12# (Proce%ure 2 3u1reme Court) Same as in Court of !--eals Effect 0.en En ;anc Court e:uall di2ided Rule 12$ (3earc) an% 3ei4ure) Searc. <arrant H defined

Distin/uis. from 0arrant of arrest SeeH Mantarin/ 2. Roman, Jr. 4'9+ SCR! "9$ O"##*P) , 0.ere a--lied , 0.at ma (e sei@ed , re:uisites to issuance Malalaon 2s C! '&' SCR! '+# SeeH Peo-le 2. Court of !--eals 4'#" SCR! +%% O"##$P) , , , 2alidit of 0arrant searc. and sei@ure 0it.out 0arrant instances

See Peo-le 2s Salan/uit 8R ?os "&&'9+,99, !-ril "%, '%%" Rule 12& (Provisional Reme%ies in Criminal Cases) Pro2isional Remedies in ci2il actions also a2aila(le in criminal cases, so far as a--lica(le 4Sec. ").

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