Chapter 25: Fiber-Optic Systems

TRUE/FALSE 1. Most new telephone trunk cables are fiber-optic. ANS: T 2. Cable TV systems use fiber-optic cable. ANS: T 3. Many data network cables are fiber-optic. ANS: T 4. Fiber-optic cable is not practical for telephone trunk cables. ANS: F 5. CATV uses analog modulation on fiber-optic cables. ANS: T 6. Usually, splicing losses can be disregarded in loss-budget calculations. ANS: F 7. The rise time of a transmitter limits its bandwidth. ANS: T 8. RZ encoding allows twice as much pulse spreading as NRZ. ANS: F 9. The product of bandwidth times distance describes dispersion in a multimode fiber-optic cable. ANS: T 10. Regenerative repeaters for fiber-optic cables typically convert the light signal to an electrical signal, and then back to light. ANS: T 11. Optical amplifiers are not suitable for digital signals. ANS: F 12. Dispersion effects accumulate when optical amplifiers are used. ANS: T

13. Most fiber-optic systems use TDM. ANS: T 14. Fiber-optic cables shorter than 100 km typically do not require repeaters. ANS: T 15. SONET operates at a base speed of 25 Mbps. ANS: F 16. SONET solves many of the timing problems in synchronizing digital signals. ANS: T 17. SONET is typically used on LANs. ANS: F 18. FDDI can be used on a LAN. ANS: T 19. Soliton pulses can travel down a fiber-optic cable with no dispersion. ANS: T 20. TDR cannot be used on fiber-optic cables. ANS: F MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. FDDI stands for: a. Fiber Digital Data Interface b. Fiber Distributed Data Interface ANS: B 2. FITL stands for: a. Fiber In The Loop b. Fiber Input Timing Loss ANS: A 3. FTTC stands for: a. Fiber Transmission Timing Constraint b. Fiber Transmission Technology Committee c. Fiber Telephone Transmission Cable d. Fiber To The Curb ANS: D

c. Fiber Distribution Delay Interface d. Frequency-Division Data Interface

c. Frequency Input to The Loop d. Fiber Input Timing Loop

4. SONET stands for: a. Simple Optical Network b. Standard Optical Network ANS: C 5. DWDM stands for: a. Digital Wavelength-Division Modulation b. Dense Wavelength-Division Modulation c. Double Wavelength-Division Modulation d. Dense Wavelength-Division Multiplexing ANS: D 6. A Soliton is a: a. defect in the glass b. type of particle ANS: C

c. Synchronous Optical Network d. none of the above

c. type of pulse d. type of optical network

7. Adding bits to synchronize one digital signal to another is called: a. bit stuffing c. SDH b. bit-synch d. WDM ANS: A 8. Power above the minimum required by an optical receiver is called: a. gain margin c. excess gain b. system margin d. overdrive ANS: B 9. Typically, repeaters are not required for fiber-optic cable lengths up to: a. 1000 miles c. 100 km b. 100 miles d. 10 km ANS: C 10. In SONET, OC-1 stands for: a. Optical Carrier level one b. Optical Coupler unidirectional ANS: A 11. In SONET, STS stands for: a. Synchronous Transport Signal b. Synchronous Transport System ANS: A 12. A commonly used fiber-based system for LANs is: a. FDDI c. gigabit Ethernet b. high-speed Ethernet d. all of the above ANS: D

c. Optical Channel one d. Optical Cable type 1

c. Synchronous Transmission Signal d. Synchronous Transmission System

13. The use of solitons on fiber-optic cables is: a. common b. experimental ANS: B 14. OTDR stands for: a. Optical Time-Delay Response b. Optical Timing Delay Requirement ANS: C

c. obsolete d. not possible

c. Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer d. Optical Time-Division Relay

15. Using fiber-optic cable in a telephone system except for the connection to the subscriber's phone is called: a. FDDI c. FITL b. FTTC d. SONET ANS: B COMPLETION 1. FTTC stands for Fiber To The ____________________. ANS: Curb 2. FITL stands for Fiber In The ____________________. ANS: Loop 3. SDH stands for Synchronous Data ____________________. ANS: Hierarchy 4. WDM stands for ____________________-division multiplexing. ANS: Wavelength 5. SONET stands for ____________________ Optical Network. ANS: Synchronous 6. FDDI stands for Fiber ____________________ Data Interface. ANS: Distributed 7. Optical amplifiers use ____________________-doped glass. ANS: erbium 8. Optical amplifiers use a ____________________ laser. ANS: pump 9. Dense ____________________ allows many different wavelengths of light to share a cable.

ANS: WDM 10. The OC-1 line rate is ____________________ Mbps. ANS: 51.84 11. SONET does not use bit ____________________ to synchronize two digital signals. ANS: stuffing 12. SONET uses a ____________________ to denote the starting position of an information frame. ANS: pointer 13. FDDI systems use two ____________________ rings to carry signals. ANS: token 14. The two rings of an FDDI system carry data in ____________________ directions. ANS: opposite 15. Each ____________________ in an FDDI system acts as a regenerative repeater. ANS: node 16. FDDI uses ____________________ mode cables. ANS: multi 17. The data rate of an FDDI system is ____________________ bps. ANS: 100 M 18. SONET frames have considerably more ____________________ than do DS frames for information about signal routing and setup. ANS: overhead 19. The number of bytes in a SONET frame is ____________________. ANS: 810 20. The number of bytes in the payload of a SONET frame is ____________________. ANS: 774 21. The number of rows in a SONET frame is ____________________. ANS: 9 22. The total number of overhead bytes in a SONET frame row is ____________________.

ANS: 4 23. The number of path overhead bytes in a SONET frame row is ____________________. ANS: 1 24. SONET frame rows contain path overhead and ____________________ overhead. ANS: transport 25. In SONET, SPE stands for synchronous payload ____________________. ANS: envelope SHORT ANSWER 1. What is the bandwidth of a first-order LPF with a rise time of 350 nanoseconds? ANS: 1 MHz 2. Calculate the total rise time for a fiber-optic system if the transmitter, receiver, and cable each have a rise time of 50 nanoseconds. ANS: 86.6 nanoseconds

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