Role of Women in Economic Development

Economist: JJSARIO 2k9-s-s-47
Role of women in economic development

Introduction. Role of women is very important for our society. Women are integral part of economic development of country. Women of Sindh contribute significantly to the economy but its role still not recognized and document. They work in the field from sunrise to sunset. (Chandio, 2013).They have major contribution in crop production, livestock, cottage industry and family maintenance (Luqman et al. 2006; Chandio, 2013; Begum and Yasmin, 2011). These women are also involving in sewing, embroidery , super market, franchise, beauty polar, individual teaching, house servant, nursing, hotels as a waiter, different NGOs , own small business ( Like small shops in their own home of cloth, commodities ) , rearing castles, another various kind of SME,s.(labour survey of Pakistan, 2006-07). As we know the population of Pakistan is 193,238,868 (July 2013), literacy rate of male is 68.6%, and literacy rate of female is 40.3% (IndexMundi, 2013). It is commonly believed that all humans are just the same. Gender is just about the way we look. Role of working women in this study will explain different roles of women in Sindh Pakistan. In order to understand what they do, what resources they have, and what their needs and priorities are. One cannot forget that a womens life is a lot more complicated than a mens life. A woman has to take care of her own personal life and if she is a mother, she also has to take care of her childrens life. Women will always be important to society because they bring a sense of love and emotion and for this reason at least society should start consideration their situation more carefully. There is immense literature is available on the role of gender in economic development but through this research we would like to share the experiences of women from randomly selected districts (Hyderabad and Tando Allahyar) of Sindh in order to expose some realities about their neglected role. Therefore, the specific objectives are to analysis the role of working women in economic development, to identify problems faced by women in the study area, to give suggestion of the problems faced by women in Hyderabad and Tando Allahiyar. This study highlights the important role of women of the two districts of Hyderabad and Tando Allahyar to analysis the role of working women in economic development. 2. Material and methods: Study area selection is Hyderabad and Tando Allahyar. Data collected through two sources primary and secondary. Primary data was collected through group members and secondary data was collected through the review literature. Once data collected, tabulated in the excel spreadsheet for further analysis in order to achieve the results. For analytical tool we have calculate simple statistics in order to provide description of study area with facts and figures, for straight forward understanding.
Economist: JUNAID JAN SARIO Email: jjsario47@yahoo.com
Table 01: Family size of Respondents selected for this study District Hyderabad Tando Allahyar Male 46.1% 78.5% Female 53.9% 21.5% Total(sample size) 100% 100%
The above table is focusing on family size of 20 respondents selected to calculate the size 115 from Hyderabad district and 47 males, 53 females total sample size 100 from tando allahiyar district. So it indicates that total sample size of both districts was 215. But the increasing growth of population enhancing number of labour force that results unemployed in the country which is probably 53.4 percent (ILM 2013-2014). 3. Results 3.1. Physical role of women To judge the total physical participation of rural women in socio-economic activities their work days devoted as below in table 2. Table 2: Women employment in Pakistan Description Total population as on 1st January (2011) Percentage of women in total population (LFS) Total population in rural areas (both sexes) (LFS) Women in rural areas (LFS) Literacy rate of women in rural areas (all ages) (LFS) Literacy rate of women in rural areas of 10 years (LFS) Total women in labor force in rural areas(LFS) Total women employed in rural areas (LFS) Total women unemployed in rural areas Information 156.72 million 48.77% 66.57% (99 million) 32.67% (48.85 million) 20.78% 26.56% 6.41 million 5.71 million 0.7 million
Employed women in Agriculture, forestry &fishing in rural 10.95% areas (LFS) Average monthly income of rural women (10 years) (LFS) Rupee 3814
Source: GOP (2011) Pakistan labor force survey 2010-2011, statistics survey Division, Federal bureau of statistics, Islamabad Pakistan, page 29. Table 2 indicates that majority of women labor force engaged in rural area of Pakistan. Total women employed in rural areas (LFS) 5.71 million Total women unemployed in rural areas 0.7
million Employed women in Agriculture, for forestry & fishing in rural areas (LFS) 10.95% Average monthly income of rural women (10 years) (LFS) Rupee 3814. Graph 01: Educational qualification of respondents in the study area (%age)
Education level
10 5 0 hyderabad tando Allahyar total
It is observed that education level of Hyderabad district literate rate 90% & the education level of Tando Allahyar district is 40%. So it analyzes education level of Hyderabad district improved day by day & education level of Tando Allah Allahyar decades according to increasing growth rate of population. Reasons of illiteracy in selected areas area Poor, cannot afford education expenses Farm sector is the easy way to earn income To take care elders land Old thinking Lack of facilities Not interested Educational institutes are far
Source: Chandio, 2013

Normally, in the study areas we have observed that majority of the men do not allow their girls to study and to contribute as a qualified labor labor-force force in the economy. Since they thing that this is a male dominant society. Therefore, respondent have been asked that why they do not leave there girls to the institutes/colleges/universities. Thus some respondents had traditional thinking that female can't go far, while it is also observed that universities or degree institutes located far from their residential areas. Some of the respondents said we have to take care of elders land, if we go for education who will take care of our elders land, many respondents were not able to face high expenses of education and some were not interested, actually their approaches are not well to think that purpose of education is not only to get better job but it bright our mind, improve living standard & bright our future, through education we can bright the thinking of our new generation and encourage our neighbors, relatives and friends thinking, living standard and
so on.. Like this way we can make better economy of our country Pakistan with the major contribution of women. Table 3: Womens daily economics activities (rural & urban areas) Socio-home economics and agriculture economics activities Care of children & elders House cleaning Food preparation Water fetching Washing clothes Embroidery & stretching Individual teaching Maid service Collection, carrying & preparation fodder for animals Animal care Engage during summer and winter harvesting Prepare dung cake Take out milk from animals make yogurt, why, butter & ghee from the milk clean weeds from fields And many other...
Source: Department statistics of sindh, page 18, 2011

Table .03 observed that women play vital role in rural area , majority of women engaged in rural area various kinds of social home activities, agriculture & economics activities done in Pakistan .such as Care of children, elders House cleaning ,Food preparation Water fetching, Washing clothes, Embroidery & stretching, Individual teaching, Maid service, Collection, carrying & preparation fodder for animals, Animal care, Engage during summer and winter harvesting, Prepare dung cake make yogurt, why, butter , ghee from the milk, clean weeds from fields and other various works are done .it is best for their health & experience.
Table 4: Earning sources of women in the study area District Earning Earning source Total source from from service farm sector sector 30% 60% 70% 40% 100% 100%
Hyderabad Tando Allahyar
The above mentioned table .04 4 focuses that Earning source of women in study area employed labour has been increase due to Earning source from farm sector, Earning source from service sectors, others to Get enough income & Save money. Literacy ratio is low as compared to urban area therefore, this force is engaged in agriculture sector and other servi service ce sectors contribute in rural economy of Pakistan. Therefore various women are working under service sector to maintain their home budget .the detail information is given in table.04
Hyderabad and Tando Allahyar

Earning source from farm sector Earning source from service sector
30% 70%
Table 5: Contribution of working women in farm sector District women 8 hours daily working in farm sector (average) 30% 70% 30% 40% 10 daily hours 12hours daily
Hyderabad Tando allahiyar
0% 25%
0% 5%
It is inspect closely osely to find out from table.0 table.05 give in order to help achieve working women in farm sector from Hyderabad & tando allahiyar districts 50% average. Mostly daily working time period 8 hours for the purpose of earn enough income because various kinds of problems
faced by rural as well as urban people in Hyderabad & tando allahiyar districts. To maintain their home budget, change the cultivation process adopt new methods and technologies, increase in production and improve living standard of life. Conclusion: The Family size of 20 Respondents Selected to calculate the size 115 from Hyderabad district & 47 males , 53 females total sample size 100 from tando allahiyar district . So it indicates that total sample size of both districts was 215. But the increasing growth of population enhancing number of labor forces those results unemployed in the country. The education level of Hyderabad district is 90% & the education level of Tando allahiyar district is 40%.So it analyzes education level of Hyderabad district improved day by day & education level of tando allahiyar decades according to increasing growth rate of population . Reasons for illiteracy in selected area there are various kinds of problems faced by rural people as well as urban people in Hyderabad & tando allahiyar districts , Poor cannot afford education expenses ,Farm sector is the easy way to earn income ,To take care of elders land, Old thinking ,Lack of facilities ,Not interested ,Educational institutes are far & there approaches are not well to think that purpose of education is not to get better job but it bright our mind ,improve living life standard & bright our future. Majority of women labor force engaged in rural area of Pakistan. Total women employed in rural areas (LFS) 5.71 million. Total women unemployed in rural areas are 0.7 million. Employed women in Agriculture, forestry & fishing in rural areas (LFS) are 10.95%. Average monthly income of rural women (10 years) (LFS) is Rupee 3814. women play vital role in rural area , majority of women engaged in rural area various kinds of social, home activities, agriculture & economics activities done in Pakistan .such as care of children, elders house cleaning f preparation, water fetching, washing clothes, embroidery & stretching, individual teaching, maid service, collection and carrying & preparation fodder for animals, animal care, engage during summer and winter harvesting, prepare dung cake make yogurt, why, butter , ghee from the milk, clean weeds from fields and other various works are done by rural women. It is best for their health & experience. women of Hyderabad & tando allahyar districts are engaged in farming sector in which 30% women are working under tenant & few women have their own land given by their elders so 70% women are land owner because literacy ratio is low as compared to urban area therefore, this force is engaged in agriculture sector and contributes in rural economy of Pakistan. Various women are working under service sector to maintain their home budget. Earning source of women in study area employed labor has been increase due to earning source from farm sector, earning source from service sectors, others to Get enough income & Save money. Literacy ratio is low as compared to urban area therefore, this force is engaged in agriculture sector and other service sectors contribute in rural economy of Pakistan. Therefore various women are working under service sector to maintain their home budget. In order to help achieve working women in farm sector from Hyderabad & tando allahyar districts 50% is average. Mostly daily working time period 8 hours for the purpose of earn enough income because various kinds of problems faced by rural as well as urban people in
Hyderabad & tando allahiyar districts. To maintain their home budget, change the cultivation process adopts new methods and technologies, increase in production and improve living standard of life. References: GOP (2013) Pakistan labor force survey 2012-2013, statistics survey Division, Federal bureau of statistics, Islamabad Pakistan, page 29. Chandio, F.R. 2013. The Role of Gender in the rural economy of Sindh Province of Pakistan. PhD Thesis of Economics. SALU Khairpur, Pakistan. IndexMundi. 2013. Pakistan Demographic Profile. available online. Begum, R and Yesmeen, G. (2011): contribution of Pakistani women in agriculture: productivity and constraints. Sarhad J. agric. Vol 27, No.4 Luqman, N, Malik,N.H. khan, A.S.(2006): Extent of rural womens participation in agricultural and household activities. Journal of agriculture and social sciences, vol 2 Labour survey of Pakistan (2006-07) Department statistics of sindh, page 18, 2011 ILM. 2013-2014. Pakistans leading educational website.

Role of Women in Economic Development

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Título original

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

Role of Women in Economic Development

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

Economist: JJSARIO 2k9-s-s-47