VOLUME NO. 1 (2011), ISSUE N O.

4 (AUGUST )

ISSN 2231-4245

IIN NT TE ER RN NA AT TIIO ON NA AL L JJO OU UR RN NA AL LO OF FR RE ES SE EA AR RC CH H IIN NC CO OM MM ME ER RC CE E,, E EC CO ON NO OM MIIC CS SA AN ND DM MA AN NA AG GE EM ME EN NT T CONTENTS

Sr. No.

TITLE & NAME OF THE AUTHOR (S)

FDI TRENDS IN INDIA: A MULTI-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS DR. K. R. PILLAI & DR. M. S. RAO BEHAVIORAL ANALYSIS OF THE FARMERS, AS END USERS, TOWARDS ORGANIC FERTILIZER: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY IN BANGLADESH MUJAHID MOHIUDDIN BABU ECONOMIC GROWTH NE US TO PERFORMANCE OF BAN!ING SECTOR IN PA!ISTAN SHAHZAD GHAFOOR & UZAIR FAROOQ KHAN BAN! CONSOLIDATION AND CREDIT AVAILABILITY TO SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA DR. AHMAD BELLO DOGARAWA STUDY OF LIN!AGE OF DIVERSIFICATION STRATEGY AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE OF FIRMS: A SURVEY NEETA NAGAR A STUDY ON MONEY SUPPLY, INFLATION RATE AND GDP % AN EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM INDIA UMANATH KUMARASAMY MICROFINANCE FOR SME': PROSPECTS, CHALLENGES ( IMPLICATION GAURAV SEHGAL & DR. ASHOK AIMA TRADE ORIENTATION OF INDIAN INDUSTRIES NAGENDRA KUMAR MAURYA & J. V. VAISHAMPAYAN GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS AND ITS IMPACT ON INDIAN INSURANCE INDUSTRY S. H. ASHRAF & DHANRAJ SHARMA FOOD INFLATION IN INDIA- WHERE ARE THE PRICES HEADING+ DR. YASMEEN K. AOWTE SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP % STUDY OF !AUSHALYA FOUNDATION DR. SHILPA BENDALE & DR. ARVIND CHAUDHARI DYNAMISM OF INDIA,S FINANCIAL SECTOR DURING THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC RECESSION DR. B. KUBERUDU & DR. T. V.RAMANA MANAGING RELIGIOUS PHILANTHROPY FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BEERAN MOIDIN B. M. & DR. FAISAL U. INVESTMENT PROCESS OF VENTURE CAPITAL: AN E PLANATORY STUDY OF ANDHRA PRADESH INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION VENTURE CAPITAL LIMITED -APIDC-VCL. DR. A. AMRUTH PRASAD REDDY & DR. S. RAGHUNATHA REDDY MICRO FINANCE LOANS % ENHANCING BUSINESS OR MEETING PERSONAL E PENSES+ ARADHANA CHOUKSEY & DR. YAMINI KARMARKAR INTERNATIONALIZATION OF INDIAN BUSINESS: DRIVERS AND CHALLANGES DR. VILAS M. KADROLKAR & SHREESHAIL G. BIDARKUNDI SME' IN THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF AGRA: OPPORTUNTIES AND CHALLENGES -WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AGRA SHOE CLUSTER. SHAVETA SACHDEVA & LAXMI R.KULSHRESTHA SAFE MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH CARE WASTE DR. A. SHYAMALA POST MARITAL SE UAL AN IETY AMONG DOCTORS -A COMPARATIVE STUDY AMONG MALE AND FEMALE DOCTOTRS. VIJAYA U. PATIL, CHANDRAKANT JAMADAR & RUKMINI S. CLIENTS SATISFACTION TOWARDS PRIVATE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES DR. M. DHANABHAKYAM & M. KAVITHA RURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN JAMMU AND !ASHMIR: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES DR. DARAKHSHAN ANJUM IMPACT OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES ON PERFORMANCE OF ENTREPRENEURS IN !ERALA DR. R. JUBI MAR!ET ORIENTATION IN AGRICULTURE: CASE STUDIES OF DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS IN INDIA NISHA BHARTI TRENDS AND PATTERNS OF FDI IN INDIA: AN ANALYSIS PRADEEP THE NEW CONSOLIDATED FDI POLICY 2*11: WHETHER IGNORING SOMETHING IN ITS DRIVE TOWARDS BOOSTING INVESTOR CONFIDENCE+ VAIBHAV CHOUDHARY & DEEKSHA CHAUDHARY RE/UEST FOR FEEDBAC!

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VOLUME NO. 1 (2011), ISSUE NO. 4 (AUGUST )

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CHIEF PATRON
PROF0 !0 !0 AGGARWAL
)hancellor" 2in#aya3s 4niversity" Delhi !ounder 5ice-)hancellor" uru obind Sin#h Indraprastha 4niversity" Delhi 67% Pro 5ice-)hancellor" uru Ja0bheshwar 4niversity" +isar

PATRON
SH0 RAM BHAJAN AGGARWAL
67% State Minister for +o0e 8 9ouris0" overn0ent of +aryana 5ice-President" Dadri 6ducation Society" )har:hi Dadri President" )hinar Synte7 2td% ;9e7tile Mills<" Bhiwani

COCO-ORDINATOR
DR0 BHAVET
!aculty" M% M% Institute of Mana#e0ent" Maharishi Mar:andeshwar 4niversity" Mullana" A0bala" +aryana

ADVISORS
PROF0 M0 S0 SENAM RAJU
Director A% )% D%" School of Mana#e0ent Studies" I% %$%O%4%" $ew Delhi

PROF0 M0 N0 SHARMA
)hair0an" M%B%A%" +aryana )olle#e of 9echnolo#y 8 Mana#e0ent" =aithal

PROF0 S0 L0 MAHANDRU
Principal ;Retd%<" Mahara1a A#rasen )olle#e" Ja#adhri

EDITOR
PROF0 R0 !0 SHARMA
Dean ;Acade0ics<" 9ecnia Institute of Advanced Studies" Delhi

COCO-EDITOR EDITOR
DR0 SAMBHAV GARG
!aculty" M% M% Institute of Mana#e0ent" Maharishi Mar:andeshwar 4niversity" Mullana" A0bala" +aryana

EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD

DR0 AMBI!A ZUTSHI
!aculty" School of Mana#e0ent 8 Mar:etin#" Dea:in 4niversity" Australia

DR0 VIVE! NATRAJAN

!aculty" 2o0ar 4niversity" 4%S%A%

DR0 RAJESH MODI

!aculty" /anbu Industrial )olle#e" =in#do0 of Saudi Arabia

PROF0 SI!ANDER !UMAR

)hair0an" Depart0ent of 6cono0ics" +i0achal Pradesh 4niversity" Shi0la" +i0achal Pradesh

PROF0 SANJIV MITTAL

4niversity School of Mana#e0ent Studies" uru obind Sin#h I% P% 4niversity" Delhi

PROF0 RAJENDER GUPTA

)onvener" Board of Studies in 6cono0ics" 4niversity of Ja00u" Ja00u

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VOLUME NO. 1 (2011), ISSUE NO. 4 (AUGUST )

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PROF0 NAWAB ALI !HAN

Depart0ent of )o00erce" Ali#arh Musli0 4niversity" Ali#arh" 4%P%

PROF0 S0 P0 TIWARI
Depart0ent of 6cono0ics 8 Rural Develop0ent" Dr% Ra0 Manohar 2ohia Avadh 4niversity" !ai*abad

DR0 ASHO! !UMAR CHAUHAN

Reader" Depart0ent of 6cono0ics" =uru:shetra 4niversity" =uru:shetra

DR0 SAMBHAVNA
!aculty" I%I%9%M%" Delhi

DR0 MOHENDER !UMAR GUPTA

Associate Professor" P% J% 2% $% overn0ent )olle#e" !aridabad

DR0 VIVE! CHAWLA

Associate Professor" =uru:shetra 4niversity" =uru:shetra

DR0 SHIVA!UMAR DEENE

Asst% Professor" overn0ent !% % )olle#e )hit#uppa" Bidar" =arnata:a

ASSOCIATE EDITORS
PROF0 ABHAY BANSAL
+ead" Depart0ent of Infor0ation 9echnolo#y" A0ity School of 6n#ineerin# 8 9echnolo#y" A0ity 4niversity" $oida

PARVEEN !HURANA
Associate Professor" Mu:and 2al $ational )olle#e" /a0una $a#ar

SHASHI !HURANA
Associate Professor" S% M% S% =halsa 2ubana irls )olle#e" Barara" A0bala

SUNIL !UMAR !ARWASRA

5ice-Principal" Defence )olle#e of 6ducation" 9ohana" !atehabad

DR0 VI!AS CHOUDHARY

Asst% Professor" $%I%9% ;4niversity<" =uru:shetra

TECHNICAL ADVISORS
AMITA
!aculty" 6%)%)%" Safidon" Jind

MOHITA
!aculty" /a0una Institute of 6n#ineerin# 8 9echnolo#y" 5illa#e adholi" P% O% adhola" /a0unana#ar

FINANCIAL ADVISORS
DIC!IN GOYAL
Advocate 8 9a7 Adviser" Panch:ula

NEENA
Invest0ent )onsultant" )ha0ba#hat" Solan" +i0achal Pradesh

LEGAL ADVISORS
JITENDER S0 CHAHAL
Advocate" Pun1ab 8 +aryana +i#h )ourt" )handi#arh 4%9%

CHANDER BHUSHAN SHARMA

Advocate 8 )onsultant" District )ourts" /a0unana#ar at Ja#adhri

SUPERINTENDENT
SURENDER !UMAR POONIA

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CALL FOR MANUSCRIPTS

>e invite unpublished novel" ori#inal" e0pirical and hi#h ?uality research wor: pertainin# to recent develop0ents 8 practices in the area of )o0puter" Business" !inance" Mar:etin#" +u0an Resource Mana#e0ent" eneral Mana#e0ent" Ban:in#" Insurance" )orporate overnance and e0er#in# paradi#0s in allied sub1ects li:e Accountin# 6ducation@ Accountin# Infor0ation Syste0s@ Accountin# 9heory 8 Practice@ Auditin#@ Behavioral Accountin#@ Behavioral 6cono0ics@ )orporate !inance@ )ost Accountin#@ 6cono0etrics@ 6cono0ic Develop0ent@ 6cono0ic +istory@ !inancial Institutions 8 Mar:ets@ !inancial Services@ !iscal Policy@ overn0ent 8 $on Profit Accountin#@ Industrial Or#ani*ation@ International 6cono0ics 8 9rade@ International !inance@ Macro 6cono0ics@ Micro 6cono0ics@ Monetary Policy@ Portfolio 8 Security Analysis@ Public Policy 6cono0ics@ Real 6state@ Re#ional 6cono0ics@ 9a7 Accountin#@ Advertisin# 8 Pro0otion Mana#e0ent@ Business 6ducation@ Business Infor0ation Syste0s ;MIS<@ Business 2aw" Public Responsibility 8 6thics@ )o00unication@ Direct Mar:etin#@ 6-)o00erce@ lobal Business@ +ealth )are Ad0inistration@ 2abor Relations 8 +u0an Resource Mana#e0ent@ Mar:etin# Research@ Mar:etin# 9heory 8 Applications@ $onProfit Or#ani*ations@ Office Ad0inistrationAMana#e0ent@ Operations ResearchAStatistics@ Or#ani*ational Behavior 8 9heory@ Or#ani*ational Develop0ent@ ProductionAOperations@ Public Ad0inistration@ Purchasin#AMaterials Mana#e0ent@ Retailin#@ SalesASellin#@ Services@ S0all Business 6ntrepreneurship@ Strate#ic Mana#e0ent Policy@ 9echnolo#yAInnovation@ 9ouris0" +ospitality 8 2eisure@ 9ransportationAPhysical Distribution@ Al#orith0s@ Artificial Intelli#ence@ )o0pilers 8 9ranslation@ )o0puter Aided Desi#n ;)AD<@ )o0puter Aided Manufacturin#@ )o0puter raphics@ )o0puter Or#ani*ation 8 Architecture@ Database Structures 8 Syste0s@ Di#ital 2o#ic@ Discrete Structures@ Internet@ Mana#e0ent Infor0ation Syste0s@ Modelin# 8 Si0ulation@ Multi0edia@ $eural Syste0sA$eural $etwor:s@ $u0erical AnalysisAScientific )o0putin#@ Ob1ect Oriented Pro#ra00in#@ Operatin# Syste0s@ Pro#ra00in# 2an#ua#es@ Robotics@ Sy0bolic 8 !or0al 2o#ic@ >eb Desi#n% 9he above 0entioned trac:s are only indicative" and not e7haustive% Anybody can sub0it the soft copy of hisAher 0anuscript 1234567 in M%S% >ord for0at after preparin# the sa0e as per our sub0ission #uidelines duly available on our website under the headin# #uidelines for sub0ission" at the e0ail addresses" 52895:;<6=>615?0<96 or 5289=5:;<609;>052%

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+un:er" +%2% and A%J% >ri#ht ;&JH-<" K!actors of Industrial 2ocation in Ohio"K Ohio State 4niversity% CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOO!S Shar0a 9%" =watra" % ;E''G< 6ffectiveness of Social Advertisin#B A Study of Selected )a0pai#ns" )orporate Social Responsibility" 6dited by David )rowther 8 $icholas )apaldi" Ash#ate Research )o0panion to )orporate Social Responsibility" )hapter &." pp EGI--'-% JOURNAL AND OTHER ARTICLES Sche0enner" R%>%" +uber" J%)% and )oo:" R%2% ;&JGI<" K eo#raphic Differences and the 2ocation of $ew Manufacturin# !acilities"K Journal of 4rban 6cono0ics" 5ol% E&" $o% &" pp% G--&'(% CONFERENCE PAPERS ar# Sa0bhav ;E'&&<B KBusiness 6thicsK Paper presented at the Annual International )onference for the All India Mana#e0ent Association" $ew Delhi" India" &J,EE June% UNPUBLISHED DISSERTATIONS AND THESES =u0ar S% ;E'&&<B K)usto0er 5alueB A )o0parative Study of Rural and 4rban )usto0ers"K 9hesis" =uru:shetra 4niversity" =uru:shetra% ONLINE RESOURCES Always indicate the date that the source was accessed" as online resources are fre?uently updated or re0oved% ar#" Bhavet ;E'&&<B 9owards a $ew $atural as Policy" 6cono0ic and Political >ee:ly" 5iewed on July '." E'&& httpBAAepw%inAuserAviewabstract%1sp WEBSITE

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SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP % STUDY OF !AUSHALYA FOUNDATION

DR. SHILPA BENDALE HEAD DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT KCESS COEIT JALGAON DR. ARVIND CHAUDHARI ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR GDM ARTS KRN COMMERCE & MD SCIENCE OLLEGE JAMNER
ABSTRACT
So !"# $%&'$('$%$)'* $*&"+#!*, !%%o-"&!-$ "%. */*&$0! "(('o" ,$* 1o' 0$$&!%2 &,$ %$$.* o1 &,$ (o()#"&!o%* &,"& #" 3 &,$ 1!%"% !"# '$*o)' $* o' (o#!&! "# #o)& &o " ,!$-$ #"*&!%2 +$%$1!& o% &,$!' o4%. R"&,$' &,"% #$"-!%2 *o !$&"# %$$.* &o &,$ 2o-$'%0$%& o' +)*!%$** *$ &o'*, *o !"# $%&'$('$%$)'* 1!%., 4,"& !* %o& 4o'3!%2 "%. *o#-$ &,$ ('o+#$0 +/ ,"%2!%2 &,$ */*&$0, *('$".!%2 &,$ *o#)&!o%, "%. ($'*)".!%2 $%&!'$ *o !$&!$* &o &"3$ %$4 #$"(*. So !"# $%&'$('$%$)'* o1&$% *$$0 &o +$ (o**$**$. +/ &,$!' !.$"*, o00!&&!%2 &,$!' #!-$* &o ,"%2!%2 &,$ .!'$ &!o% o1 &,$!' 1!$#.. T,$/ "'$ +o&, -!*!o%"'!$* "%. )#&!0"&$ '$"#!*&*, o% $'%$. 4!&, &,$ ('" &! "# !0(#$0$%&"&!o% o1 &,$!' -!*!o% "+o-$ "## $#*$. So !"# $%&'$('$%$)'*,!( *,o)#. '$1#$ & &,$ %$$. 1o' " *)+*&!&)&$ 1o' &,$ 0"'3$& .!* !(#!%$ &,"& 4o'3* 1o' +)*!%$** $%&'$('$%$)'*. So !"# $%&'$('$%$)'* (#"/ &,$ 'o#$ o1 ,"%2$ "2$%&* !% &,$ *o !"# *$ &o. So !"# *$ &o' #$".$'* 4!## $5$0(#!1/ &,$*$ ,"'" &$'!*&! * !% .!11$'$%& 4"/* "%. &o .!11$'$%& .$2'$$*. T,$ #o*$' " ($'*o% 2$&* &o *"&!*1/!%2 "## &,$*$ o%.!&!o%*, &,$ 0o'$ &,"& ($'*o% 1!&* &,$ 0o.$# o1 " *o !"# $%&'$('$%$)'. T,o*$ 4,o "'$ 0o'$ !%%o-"&!-$ !% &,$!' 4o'3 "%. 4,o '$"&$ 0o'$ *!2%!1! "%& *o !"# !0('o-$0$%&* 4!## %"&)'"##/ +$ *$$% "* 0o'$ $%&'$('$%$)'!"#. L$&6* o%*!.$' $" , o%$ !% &$'0* o1 7KAUSHALYA FOUNDATION8.

!EYWORDS
6ntrepreneurship" rowers" Innovation" 5endors" 5ision%

INTRODUCTION
ntrepreneurs are essential drivers of innovation and pro#ress% In the business world" they act as en#ines of #rowth" opportunity and innovation to fuel econo0ic e7pansion% Social entrepreneurs act si0ilarly" tappin# inspiration and creativity" coura#e and resilience" to sei*e opportunities that challen#e and chan#e established" but funda0entally unbalanced syste0s% 9hese entrepreneurs are a0bitious and persistent" tac:lin# 0a1or social issues and offerin# creative ideas for wide-scale chan#e% 4nli:e business entrepreneurs who #enerate values by creatin# the new 0ar:ets" the social entrepreneur ai0s for the values in the for0 of constructive chan#e which will benefit the co00unities and ulti0ately societies at lar#e% Social entrepreneurs establish innovative and syste0ic approaches for 0eetin# the needs of the populations that lac: the financial resources or political clout to achieve lastin# benefit on their own% Rather than leavin# societal needs to the #overn0ent or business sectors" social entrepreneurs find what is not wor:in# and solve the proble0 by chan#in# the syste0" spreadin# the solution" and persuadin# entire societies to ta:e new leaps% Social entrepreneurs often see0 to be possessed by their ideas" co00ittin# their lives to chan#in# the direction of their field% 9hey are both visionaries and ulti0ate realists" concerned with the practical i0ple0entation of their vision above all else% 6ach social entrepreneur presents ideas that are user-friendly" understandable" ethical" and en#a#e widespread support in order to 0a7i0i*e the nu0ber of local people that will stand up" sei*e their idea" and i0ple0ent with it% In other words" every leadin# social entrepreneur is a 0ass recruiter of local chan#e 0a:ersLa role 0odel provin# that citi*ens who channel their passion into action can do al0ost anythin#% Over the past two decades" the citi*en sector has discovered what the business sector learned lon# a#oB 9here is nothin# as powerful as a new idea in the hands of a first-class entrepreneur% Just as entrepreneurs chan#e the face of business" social entrepreneurs act as the chan#e a#ents for society" sei*in# opportunities others 0iss and i0provin# syste0s" inventin# new approaches" and creatin# solutions to chan#e society for the better% >hile a business entrepreneur 0i#ht create entirely new industries" a social entrepreneur co0es up with new solutions to social proble0s and then i0ple0ents the0 on a lar#e scale% Social entrepreneurship should reflect the need for a substitute for the 0ar:et discipline that wor:s for business entrepreneurs% Social entrepreneurs play the role of chan#e a#ents in the social sector" byB Adoptin# a 0ission to create and sustain social value ;not 1ust private value< Reco#ni*in# and relentlessly pursuin# new opportunities to serve that 0ission 6n#a#in# in a process of continuous innovation" adaptation" and learnin# Actin# boldly without bein# li0ited by resources currently in hand 67hibitin# hei#htened accountability to the constituencies served and for the outco0es created 9his is clearly an ideali*ed definition% Social sector leaders will e7e0plify these characteristics in different ways and to different de#rees% 9he closer a person #ets to satisfyin# all these conditions" the 0ore that person fits the 0odel of a social entrepreneur% 9hose who are 0ore innovative in their wor: and who create 0ore si#nificant social i0prove0ents will naturally be seen as 0ore entrepreneurial% 2et3s consider each one in ter0s of M=A4S+A2/A !O4$DA9IO$F

H!AUSHALYA FOUNDATIONI% THE SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR

Started in E''I" , =aushalya !oundation;=!<" by creative and hi#hly ?ualified professionals fro0 Indian Institute of Mana#e0ent ;IIM<" Ah0edabad with wide e7perience in the field of a#riculture and or#ani*ed retailin# chose to sell ve#etables on the streets of Patna% Perhaps the 0ost hi#hly educated #reen #rocer India has ever produced" the youn# 0an fro0 $alanda" =aushalyandra =u0ar has established his venture =aushalya !oundation in E''I% =! launched the pro1ect Sa0riddhi" a far0er3s co-operative in Patna in E''G" which sells ve#etables in ice-cooled pushcarts% 9hey are focusin# on 0obili*in# and or#ani*in# infor0al and fra#0entin# ve#etable sector of Bihar% 9he #oal of the foundation is to create values and opportunities to the societies dependent on a#riculture sector" especially disadvanta#ed ensurin# sustainable livelihood" enriched environ0ent" i0proved ?uality of life and #ood hu0an values% 9he foundation has been wor:in# towards professionali*in# ve#etable street vendors and 0ar#inal #rowers" and e0powerin# the0 to face the future challen#es in the new #lobal econo0y" and thus creatin# wealth and prosperity fro0 far0 #ate to food plate throu#h underta:in# the holistic view of ve#etable supply chain%

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9he foundation is refor0er and revolutionary" but with a social 0ission% 9hey are 0a:in# funda0ental chan#es in the way thin#s are done in the ve#etable sector% 9heir visions are bold% 9hey want professionalis0 in trade channel of a#riculture sector by creatin# lucrative" di#nified self-e0ploy0ent for the fa0ilies and societies dependent on this sector% 9hey attac: the underlyin# causes of proble0s" rather than si0ply treatin# sy0pto0s% In order to i0prove socioecono0ic condition" they are functionin# at the #rass root level% 9hey are tryin# to reduce needs rather than 1ust 0eetin# the0% 9hey see: to create syste0ic chan#es and sustainable i0prove0ents by brea:in# inter#enerational transfer of poverty% 9hey are actin# as 0edia between street vendor sand ve#etable #rowers to the 0ainstrea0 0ar:et% 9hou#h they 0ay act locally" their actions have the potential to sti0ulate #lobal i0prove0ents in their chosen arenas% =! is #ettin# overwhel0in# response fro0 far0ers 8 ve#etables vendors% 9he nu0ber of far0ers 8 vendors associated with the or#ani*ation has increased to -''' 8 H'' respectively% 9his nu0ber is #rowin# e7ponentially with increasin# awareness label% At present" the =aushalya !oundation is a setup" consistin# of E- e0ployees spread operatin# in two states% If they re0ain on course" =aushlendra believes they will be be spearheadin# brand Bihar" a &''cr or#anisation in E'&E% 67pansion plans are #oin# accordin# to plan with two new collection centres are scheduled to be co00issioned in !atuha and 6:an#ar Sarai which will 9his is the core of what distin#uishes social entrepreneurs fro0 business entrepreneurs even fro0 socially responsible businesses% 9he social 0ission of the foundation is funda0ental% 9heir 0ission of social i0prove0ent cannot be reduced to creatin# private benefits ;financial returns or consu0ption benefits< for individuals% Ma:in# a profit" creatin# wealth" or servin# the desires of custo0ers 0ay be part of the 0odel" but these are 0eans to a social end" not the end in itself% Sa0riddhi is tryin# to increase the profitability and efficiency at the each level of ve#etable supply chain fro0 far0ers to street vendors to or#ani*ed retailers by developin# or#ani*ational fra0ewor:% 6ach level of the supply chain can opti0i*e their values and opportunities by increasin# their self efficiency% Profit is not the #au#e of value creation for the foundation" but social i0pact% 9he foundation is envisionin# for a lon#-ter0 social return on invest0ent% 9hey are wor:in# on reasonable and holistic approaches to provide social security and financial services to all the level of supply chain% 9hey want to create lastin# i0prove0ents and to thin: about sustainin# the i0pact%

RECOGNIZING AND RELENTLESSLY PURSUING NEW OPPORTUNITIES

9hey are not si0ply driven by the perception of a social need or by their co0passion" rather they have a vision of how to achieve i0prove0ent and they are deter0ined to 0a:e their vision wor:% 9hey are persistent% 9heir social 0odel , an or#ani*ation of ve#etable vendors and approach , brin#in# two ends to#ether of ve#etable supply chain ta:e advanta#e of new econo0y that favors bi# retail chains% 9he foundation approach is the fastest 0eans to do so% 9hey have the potential to #ain better ter0s of trades such as better sourcin# prices" lower transaction costs access to trainin# and other services% 9he foundation has desi#ned a fra0ewor: for or#ani*in# the two far ends of the chain under a co00on u0brella and facilitates direct lin: between producer #roups and street vendors% 9heir fra0ewor: connects s0all and 0ar#inali*ed sta:eholders to the 0ainstrea0 0ar:et by i0provin# financial and social concerns% 9he 0odel also e0powers vendors and #rowers for the new 0ar:et challen#es for better returns to #rowers and vendors% 9he foundation3s fra0ewor: provides platfor0 and support to vendors and #rowers to reduce the operational cost and increasin# the price realisation in the evolvin# econo0y% 9his in turn provides added benefits to the vendors 8 #rowers li:e insurance cover for fa0ily" free education and 0any social and financial services% 9he foundation is tryin# to learn about what wor:s and what does not wor: in ve#etable supply chain to end custo0er% 9he :ey ele0ent is persistence co0bined with a willin#ness to 0a:e ad1ust0ents as one #oes% Rather than #ivin# up when an obstacle is encountered" entrepreneurs as:%

ENGAGING IN A PROCESS OF CONTINUOUS INNOVATION, ADAPTATION, AND LEARNING

Social entrepreneurs are innovative% 9he foundation is focusin# on new #rounds" developin# new 0odels" and pioneerin# new approaches% +owever" innovation can ta:e 0any for0s% It does not re?uire inventin# so0ethin# wholly new% 9hey are si0ply applyin# an e7istin# idea in a new way or to a new situation% 9hey are usin# 0any business strate#ic concepts in ve#etable sector fro0 lon#-ter0 contracts" distribution channels to re#ular trainin#% 6ntrepreneurs need not be inventors% 9hey si0ply need to be creative in applyin# what others have invented% 9he foundation is adaptin# the business sector concepts in ve#etable 0ar:et which is the bac:bone of the Indian econo0y% 9heir innovations 0ay appear in how they structure their core pro#ra0s or in how they asse0ble the resources and fund their wor:% On the fundin# side" the foundation is loo:in# for innovative ways to assure that their ventures will have access to resources as lon# as they are creatin# social value% It is not 1ust a one-ti0e disinte#ratin# of creativity" rather it is a continuous process of e7plorin#" learnin#" and i0provin# the ?uality of life for people based on the ve#etable se#0ent of India% Of course" with innovation co0es uncertainty and ris: of failure% 2ar#e nu0bers of #overn0ent sche0es are available which can chan#e the #rower3s life% But ve#etable sectors couldn3t use the affluent resources due to lac: of understandin#" e7pertise and ti0e% 9he foundation is actin# as a#ent to assist to learn about various #overn0ent sche0es% 9he foundation tends to have a hi#h tolerance for a0bi#uity and learns how to 0ana#e ris:s for the0selves and others% 9hey are treatin# failure of a pro1ect as a learnin# e7perience" not a personal tra#edy%

ACTING BOLDLY WITHOUT BEING LIMITED BY RESOURCES

Social entrepreneurs do not let their own li0ited resources :eep the0 fro0 pursuin# their visions% 9he foundation provides unli0ited resources to all vendors and #rowers as they have collaborated with all levels of supply chain% 9hey use scarce resources efficiently" and they levera#e their li0ited resources by drawin# in partners and collaboratin# with others% 9hey focus 0ore on lon# ter0 contracts with or#ani*ed buyer , retailers with syste0atic distribution centers at various locations% 9his helps in efficient lo#istics with effluent stora#e capacity% Most of the far0ers are unaware of new technolo#y and financial resources% >ith unli0ited financial and technolo#ical resources" far0ers e0phasi*e on better ?uality" opti0u0 costs and 0ini0u0 wasta#e of ve#etables% 9he foundation provides all resource options" fro0 pure philanthropy to the co00ercial 0ethods of the business sector% 9hey are developin# resource strate#ies that are li:ely to support and reinforce their social 0issions% 9hey ta:e calculated ris:s and 0ana#e the downside" so as to reduce the har0 that will result fro0 failure of ?uality of the product% 9hey understand the ris: tolerances of their end custo0ers and use this to spread the ris: to those who are better prepared to accept%

E HIBITING A HEIGHTENED SENSE OF ACCOUNTABILITY

9he foundation has created centrali*ed syste0 for various types of services% 9hey are focusin# fro0 billin#" procure0ent and 0ar:etin#" pro0otions" advertisin# to ad0inistration and 0erchandisin#% Because 0ar:et discipline does not auto0atically weed out inefficient or ineffective social ventures" social entrepreneurs ta:e steps to assure they are creatin# value% 9his 0eans that they see: a sound understandin# of the constituencies they are servin#% 9hey are 0a:in# sure the all the levels of supply chain have correctly assessed the needs and values of the people they intend to serve and the co00unities in which they operate% In so0e cases" this re?uires close connections with those co00unities% 9hey understand the e7pectations and values of their investors includin# anyone who invests 0oney" ti0e" andAor e7pertise to help the0% 9hey see: to provide real social i0prove0ents to their beneficiaries and their co00unities" as well as attractive ;social andAor financial< return to their investors% )reatin# a fit between retail values and co00unity needs is an i0portant part of the challen#e% >hen feasible" the foundation is creatin# 0ar:et-li:e feedbac: 0echanis0s to reinforce this accountability% 9hey are assessin# their pro#ress in ter0s of social" financial" and 0ana#erial outco0es" not si0ply in ter0s of their si*e" outputs" or processes% 9hey use this infor0ation to 0a:e course corrections as needed%

CONCLUSION
9he !oundation describes a set of behaviors that are e7ceptional% 9hese behaviors should be encoura#ed and rewarded in those who have the capabilities and te0pera0ent for this :ind of wor:% >hile we 0i#ht wish for 0ore entrepreneurial behavior in both sectors" society has a need for different leadership types and styles% Social entrepreneurs are one special breed of leader" and they should be reco#ni*ed as such% 9his definition preserves their distinctive status and assures that social entrepreneurship is not treated li#htly%

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9he foundation creates and supports infrastructure fro0 root level of ve#etable supply chain to bi# retailers% 9hey are ai0in# to propa#ate or#anic far0in# and use their e7pertise in 0ar:etin# to reach the 0ar:ets not only in India but also abroad so that the far0ers of Bihar fetch #ood return for their produce% 9he foundation is tar#etin# to penetrate the ve#etable 0ar:ets in the 4S" 6urope and Japan% 9he ice-cooled pushcart ve#etables are a hit with custo0ers in parts of southern Patna which increases confidence in the foundation in the whole syste0 of ve#etable supply chain% 9he ve#etables taste #arden fresh" are priced reasonably and" to add to that" they are wei#hed accurately with electronic wei#hin# 0achines% Moreover" the pushcart vendor #ives the buyers a cash-0e0o which no other ve#etable seller does" as further authentication of the ?uality and ?uantity of the ve#etables% !inally" they are not only sellin# ve#etables" but also the na0e of the far0er and the villa#e where it has been #rown% 9he far0er should not re0ain an unsun# hero any 0ore as the ta# on the ve#etables 0ention of the na0e of the far0er and his villa#e% =! is enrichin# the lives of all!ar0ers - Better price reali*ation - Access to ?uality inputs and credit - Reduction in wasta#e )onsu0ers - More choice and convenience - 2ower price - Reliable ?uality Inter-0ediaries - Displace0ent fro0 current role - Mar:et intelli#ence provider Roadside vendors - Strea0linin# and supply chain - Access to credit - Reduction in wasta#e overn0ent - Reduction in poverty - Partnerin# #overn0ent in social responsibility%

REFERENCES
Bhardwa1" Sunil" and Indrani Palaparthy ;E''G<" M!actors influencin# Indian supply chains of fruits and ve#etablesB a literature review%F !ar0-led #rowth stron#est weapon a#ainst poverty" 5iewed on October ." E''J httpBAAwww%indiane7press%co0Anews% IIM #rad sells ve#etables in Bihar" Accessed on October &" E''J httpBAAwww%india0icrofinance%co0A0ar:etin#Aruralretail-india Interview with Mr% =aushlendra =u0arB !ounder of =aushalya !oundation% MBA topper3s pushcart is full of ve#etables and a drea0" 5iewed on October &" E''J httpBAAwww%thaindian%co0AnewsportalAbusiness Prasad" Ja#dish" and Arbind Prasad ;&JJ.<" MIndian A#ricultural Mar:etin#B 60er#in# trends and perspectiveF Mittal Publications" $ew Delhi%

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REQUEST FOR FEEDBACK

D71; R71G7;' At the very outset" International Journal of Research in )o00erce" 6cono0ics 8 Mana#e0ent ;IJR)M< ac:nowled#es 8 appreciates your efforts in showin# interest in our present issue under your :ind perusal% I would li:e to re?uest you to supply your critical co00ents and su##estions about the 0aterial published in this issue as well as on the 1ournal as a whole" on our 6-0ails i%e% 52895:;<6=>615?0<96 or 5289=5:;<609;>052 for further i0prove0ents in the interest of research% If you have any ?ueries please feel free to contact us on our 6-0ail 52895:;<6=>615?0<96% I a0 sure that your feedbac: and deliberations would 0a:e future issues better , a result of our 1oint effort% 2oo:in# forward an appropriate consideration% >ith sincere re#ards 9han:in# you profoundly A<1G765<1??3 39B;' SdAC9-9;G52149;

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