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CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH

Hello, students! Ol, alunos! Antes de iniciarmos a aula de hoje, um aviso: atendendo a pedidos, ser disponibilizada neste curso uma aula extra de VERSO (transformao de um texto da nossa lngua para outro idioma). Sei que muitos tentaro tambm a prova do MDIC que cobra o assunto. Sendo assim, o material extra criado para tal certame tambm ser oferecido aos alunos deste curso. Espero que tenham gostado da novidade. Ok... lets get back to business. Ok voltemos ao trabalho. Vejamos as provas que estudaremos nesta aula: Aula 03: Analista administrativo ANA ESAF 2009. Especialista em Polticas Pblicas e Gesto Governamental MPOG ESAF 2009

1 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


PROVA 1

Sugiro que imprimam a prova toda e criem o banco de provas

PROVA

Banco de provas

ANA Cargo: Analista Administrativo Ano: 2009

Your answers to questions 13 to 16 must be based on the article below entitled The accidental environmentalists: The accidental environmentalists
Source: www.economist.com Dec, 11th 2008 (Adapted)

More destructive hurricanes, shrinking forests, melting glaciers, disappearing animals: the prospective damage to Latin America and the Caribbean from climate change makes for grim reading. A new World Bank report, timed to coincide with a United Nations conference in Poland, tries to put numbers to the potential economic cost. By taking the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Changes predictions for what the planet might feel like in 2100 and then overlaying data from several thousand farms situated in regions of varying heat and dryness, it is possible to make some informed guesses about what the effect on crop yields, and therefore on GDP, would be if temperatures rose and rainfall fell. Some Latin countries are already doing things to reduce net carbon emissions that put them ahead of governments elsewhere. Much of the regions power comes from hydroelectricity and biofuels. The result is that emissions of carbon dioxide per unit of power are 74% lower than in India and China. There are obstacles to taking these policies further. In Brazil, plans for more hydroelectric dams in the Amazon are opposed by some environmentalists; they claim the resulting ooding of forest prompts methane-producing rotting vegetation.

2 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


13- As regards the potential economic cost caused by climate change, gures a) are going to be presented. are going to be presented. b) cannot be set. cannot be set. c) would have to be shown. d) seem to minimize its effect. e) do not reect its dire threat. 14- In some Latin American emissions per unit of power countries, carbon dioxide

a) are unacceptably high in relation to other countries. b) are considerably lower than those of India and China. c) have increased signicantly over the last few decades. d) are being tackled through the construction of new capacity. e) need to be reduced by around 74% as soon as possible. 15- In relation to the constructions of hydroelectric dams in the Amazon, some environmentalists a) support and supervise them. b) have prevented them. c) devised a number of them. d) do not approve of them. do not approve of them. e) take part in their initial plan. take part in their initial plan.

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CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


16- As regards the use of hydroelectricity and biofuels, both are linked to a) unforeseeable reductions in reductions in carbon emissions. carbon emissions. unforeseeable

b) a likely cut in carbon dioxide emissions. c) the increase of carbon emissions. d) reductions in gas emissions in China. e) the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions.

Your answers to questions 17 to 20 must be based on the article below entitled Looming water crisis simply a management problem:

Looming water crisis simply a management problem


Source: www.newscientist.com August 20th 2008 (Adapted)

Todays focus on the credit crisis and rising prices for food and oil has temporarily put another global scarcity in the shade: water. The UN predicts that by 2025, two-thirds of us will experience water shortages, with severe lack of water blighting the lives and livelihoods of 1.8 billion. According to the UN World Water Assessment Programme, by 2050, 7 billion people in 60 countries may have to cope with water scarcity. At this years World Economic Forum, UN secretary-general Ban Ki-moon recommended that water scarcity should be at the top of the international agenda. As the global economy grows, so will its thirst, he said, warning of a future marred by conicts over water.

4 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


There is no doubt that we need to rethink how we use water, especially with the human population growing rapidly, and global warming likely to produce unpredictable patterns of rainfall and drought. Nevertheless, my own research suggests that the situation may not be as dire as many are suggesting. Nations can thrive on surprisingly meagre quantities of fresh water provided they adopt water-efcient technologies and encourage economic activity that does not guzzle water. I believe the looming water crisis is primarily a problem of distribution and management rather than supply. And we can solve it with existing technologies, increased investment and political will. 17- According to paragraph 1, water shortages a) are foreseen. are foreseen. b) are not going to occur. are not going to occur. c) would have to be calculated. d) have been compensated. e) were not dealt with. 18- In paragraph 1, the author refers to a future marred by conicts over water. In other words, a future a) unspoiled by them. b) rid of them. c) clouded by them. clouded by them. d) broadened by them. broadened by them. e) safeguarded by them.

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CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


19- In paragraph 2, the author says that based on his own research, the situation a) should have been resolved. should have been resolved. b) must be promptly addressed. c) could have been hindered. d) may bring about catastrophic shifts. e) might not be so severe. might not be so severe. 20- In paragraph 2, the author implies that the problem of distribution and management of water is a) overestimated. b) paramount. c) marginal. d) extraneous. e) secondary.

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CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


PROVA 1: TRADUO E COMENTRIOS

Your answers to questions 13 to 16 must be based on the article below entitled The accidental environmentalists: Suas respostas s perguntas 13 a 16 devem se basear no artigo abaixo, intitulado "Os ambientalistas acidentais":

The accidental environmentalists


Os ambientalistas acidentais
Source: www.economist.com Dec, 11th 2008 (Adapted)

More destructive hurricanes, shrinking forests, melting glaciers, disappearing animals: the prospective damage to Latin America and the Caribbean from climate change makes for grim reading. A new World Bank report, timed to coincide with a United Nations conference in Poland, tries to put numbers to the potential economic cost. By taking the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Changes predictions for what the planet might feel like in 2100 and then overlaying data from several thousand farms situated in regions of varying heat and dryness, it is possible to make some informed guesses about what the effect on crop yields, and therefore on GDP, would be if temperatures rose and rainfall fell. Furaces mais destrutivos, florestas encolhendo, derretimento de geleiras, animais que desaparecem: o dano potencial para a Amrica Latina e o Caribe da mudana climtica rende uma leitura sombria. O novo relatrio do Banco Mundial, programada para coincidir com uma conferncia das Naes Unidas na Polnia, tenta colocar nmeros no potencial custo econmico. Ao tomar as previses do Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudanas Climticas do que o planeta possa ser em 2100 e, em seguida, sobrepondo os dados de vrias milhares de fazendas situadas em regies de calor e secura variveis, possvel fazer algumas informadas suposies sobre o que o efeito sobre rendimento das culturas e, portanto, sobre o PIB, seria se as temperaturas subissem e as chuvas cassem.

7 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


Some Latin countries are already doing things to reduce net carbon emissions that put them ahead of governments elsewhere. Much of the regions power comes from hydroelectricity and biofuels. The result is that emissions of carbon dioxide per unit of power are 74% lower than in India and China. Alguns pases latinos j esto fazendo coisas para reduzir as emisses lquidas de carbono que os colocam frente de governos de outros lugares. Muito da energia da regio vem da hidroeletricidade e biocombustveis. O resultado que as emisses de dixido de carbono por unidade de energia so 74% menores do que na ndia e China. There are obstacles to taking these policies further. In Brazil, plans for more hydroelectric dams in the Amazon are opposed by some environmentalists; they claim the resulting flooding of forest prompts methane-producing rotting vegetation. H obstculos para levar essas polticas mais adiante. No Brasil, os planos de mais hidreltricas na Amaznia so combatidos por alguns ambientalistas; eles alegam que a resultante inundao da floresta acarreta a decomposio produtora de metano da vetegao. 13- As regards the potential economic cost caused by climate change, gures No que diz respeito ao potencial custo econmico causado pela mudana do clima, nmeros a) are going to be presented. sero apresentados. b) cannot be set. no podem ser definidos. c) would have to be shown. teriam que ser mostrados. d) seem to minimize its effect. parecem minimizar seu efeito. e) do not reect its dire threat. no refletem a terrvel ameaa.

8 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


More destructive hurricanes, shrinking forests, melting glaciers, disappearing animals: the prospective damage to Latin America and the Caribbean from climate change makes for grim reading. A new World Bank report, timed to coincide with a United Nations conference in Poland, tries to put numbers to the potential economic cost. Furaces mais destrutivos, florestas encolhendo, derretimento de geleiras, animais que desaparecem: o dano potencial para a Amrica Latina e o Caribe da mudana climtica rende uma leitura sombria. O novo relatrio do Banco Mundial, programada para coincidir com uma conferncia das Naes Unidas na Polnia, tenta colocar nmeros no potencial custo econmico.

Uma palavra que aparece bastante em provas FIGURES como sinnimo de NUMBERS. Conheam-na melhor:
Algarismo Cifra Nmero Preo Valor Quantia Importncia

Afirmar que o relatrio (report) tenta colocar em nmeros (tries to put numbers) o potencial custo econmico (the potential economic cost) da mudana de clima (climate change) o mesmo que dizer que nmeros, valores, cifras (figures) sero apresentados (are going to be presented). Letra A. 14- In some Latin American countries, carbon dioxide emissions per unit of power Em alguns pases da Amrica Latina, as emisses de dixido de carbono por unidade de energia a) are unacceptably high in relation to other countries. so inaceitavelmente altas em relao a outros pases. b) are considerably lower than those of India and China. so consideravelmente mais baixas do que aquelas da ndia e da China. c) have increased signicantly over the last few decades. tm aumentado significativamente ao longo das ltimas dcadas.

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CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


d) are being tackled through the construction of new capacity. esto sendo combatidas atravs da construo de nova capacidade. e) need to be reduced by around 74% as soon as possible. precisam ser reduzidas em cerca de 74% o mais breve possvel.

Vamos ao trecho:
Some Latin countries are already doing things to reduce net carbon emissions that put them ahead of governments elsewhere. Much of the regions power comes from hydroelectricity and biofuels. The result is that emissions of carbon dioxide per unit of power are 74% lower than in India and China. Alguns pases latinos j esto fazendo coisas para reduzir as emisses lquidas de carbono que os colocam frente de governos de outros lugares. Muito da energia da regio vem da hidroeletricidade e biocombustveis. O resultado que as emisses de dixido de carbono por unidade de energia so 74% menores do que na ndia e China.

LOW: baixo LOWER THAN: mais baixo do que


emissions of carbon dioxide per unit of power emisses de carbono por unidade de energia some Latin countries alguns pases latinos 74% lower 74% mais baixo
=

than India and China do que ndia e China

some Latin countries considerably lower than India and China alguns pases latinos consideravelmente mais baixo do que ndia e China

Letra B.

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CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


15- In relation to the constructions of hydroelectric dams in the Amazon, some environmentalists Em relao s construes de hidreltricas na Amaznia, alguns ambientalistas a) support and supervise them. as apoiam e supervisionam. b) have prevented them. as impediram. c) devised a number of them. elaboraram uma srie delas. d) do not approve of them. no as aprovam. e) take part in their initial plan. participam de seu plano inicial. Aqui o examinador nos ofereceu cognatos (opposed e not approve), tanto no trecho necessrio soluo da questo quanto na alternativa correta. Era preciso apenas um pouco de ateno para acertar. Notem:
There are obstacles to taking these policies further. In Brazil, plans for more hydroelectric dams in the Amazon are opposed by some environmentalists; they claim the resulting ooding of forest prompts methaneproducing rotting vegetation. H obstculos para levar essas polticas mais adiante. No Brasil, os planos de mais hidreltricas na Amaznia so combatidos por alguns ambientalistas; eles alegam que a resultante inundao da floresta acarreta a decomposio produtora de metano da vetegao. hydroelectric dams in the Amazon hidreltricas na Amaznia opposed by some environmentalists combatidas por alguns ambientalistas = environmentalists do not approve of them ambientalistas no os aprovam

Letra D. 11 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


16- As regards the use of hydroelectricity and biofuels, both are linked to No que se refere ao uso de hidroeletricidade e biocombustveis, ambos so ligados a a) unforeseeable reductions in carbon emissions. imprevisveis redues nas emisses de carbono. b) a likely cut in carbon dioxide emissions. um provvel corte nas emisses de dixido de carbono. c) the increase of carbon emissions. o aumento das emisses de carbono. d) reductions in gas emissions in China. redues nas emisses de gs na China. e) the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. a reduo nas emisses de dixido de carbono.

Ateno ao trecho em negrito abaixo:


Some Latin countries are already doing things to reduce net carbon emissions that put them ahead of governments elsewhere. Much of the regions power comes from hydroelectricity and biofuels. The result is that emissions of carbon dioxide per unit of power are 74% lower than in India and China. Alguns pases latinos j esto fazendo coisas para reduzir as emisses lquidas de carbono que os colocam frente de governos de outros lugares. Muito da energia da regio vem da hidroeletricidade e biocombustveis. O resultado que as emisses de dixido de carbono por unidade de energia so 74% menores do que na ndia e China.

A passagem acima deixa clara a relao entre:


Energia proveniente da hidroeletricidade e dos biocombustveis power that comes from hydroelectricity and biofuels the result (o resultado) menor emisso de dixido de carbono lower emissions of carbon dioxide

Letra E. 12 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


Your answers to questions 17 to 20 must be based on the article below entitled Looming water crisis simply a management problem: Suas respostas s questes 17 a 20 devem estar baseadas no artigo abaixo intitulado Iminente crise da gua simplesmente um problema de gesto

Looming water crisis simply a management problem


Iminente crise da gua simplesmente um problema de gesto
Source: www.newscientist.com August 20th 2008 (Adapted)

Todays focus on the credit crisis and rising prices for food and oil has temporarily put another global scarcity in the shade: water. The UN predicts that by 2025, two-thirds of us will experience water shortages, with severe lack of water blighting the lives and livelihoods of 1.8 billion. According to the UN World Water Assessment Programme, by 2050, 7 billion people in 60 countries may have to cope with water scarcity. At this years World Economic Forum, UN secretary-general Ban Ki-moon recommended that water scarcity should be at the top of the international agenda. As the global economy grows, so will its thirst, he said, warning of a future marred by conflicts over water. Hoje o foco na crise do crdito e no aumento de preos dos alimentos e do petrleo temporariamente colocou outra escassez global na sombra: a gua. A ONU prev que em 2025, dois teros de ns iro experimentar a escassez de gua, com grave falta de gua arruinando as vidas e o sustento de 1,8 bilho. De acordo com o Programa das Naes Unidas de Avaliao Mundial da gua, em 2050, 7 bilhes de pessoas em 60 pases podero ter de lidar com a escassez de gua. No Frum Econmico Mundial deste ano, o secretrio-geral Ban Ki-moon recomendou que a escassez de gua deva estar no topo da agenda internacional. " medida que a economia mundial cresce, tambm cresce a sua sede", disse ele, alertando para um futuro marcado por conflitos pela gua. There is no doubt that we need to rethink how we use water, especially with the human population growing rapidly, and global warming likely to produce unpredictable patterns of rainfall and drought. Nevertheless, my own research suggests that the situation may not be as dire as many are suggesting. Nations can thrive on surprisingly meagre quantities of fresh water provided they adopt 13 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


water-efficient technologies and encourage economic activity that does not guzzle water. I believe the looming water crisis is primarily a problem of distribution and management rather than supply. And we can solve it with existing technologies, increased investment and political will. No h dvida de que precisamos repensar a forma como usamos a gua, especialmente com a populao humana crescendo rapidamente, e o aquecimento global que provavelmente ir produzir padres imprevisveis de chuva e de seca. No entanto, a minha prpria pesquisa sugere que a situao pode no ser to terrvel como muitos esto sugerindo. Naes podem prosperar com quantidades surpreendentemente escassas de gua doce - desde que adotem tecnologias eficientes em termos de gua e encorajem a atividade econmica que no esbanje gua. Eu acredito que a iminente crise de gua principalmente um problema de distribuio e gesto em vez de oferta. E ns podemos resolv-lo com as tecnologias existentes, maior investimento e vontade poltica. 17- According to paragraph 1, water shortages De acordo com o pargrafo 1, a escassez de gua a) are foreseen. est prevista. b) are not going to occur. no vai ocorrer. c) would have to be calculated. teria que ser calculada. d) have been compensated. tem sido compensada. e) were not dealt with. no foi tratada.

14 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


Todays focus on the credit crisis and rising prices for food and oil has temporarily put another global scarcity in the shade: water. The UN predicts that by 2025, two-thirds of us will experience water shortages, with severe lack of water blighting the lives and livelihoods of 1.8 billion. According to the UN World Water Assessment Programme, by 2050, 7 billion people in 60 countries may have to cope with water scarcity. At this years World Economic Forum, UN secretary-general Ban Ki-moon recommended that water scarcity should be at the top of the international agenda. As the global economy grows, so will its thirst, he said, warning of a future marred by conicts over water. Hoje o foco na crise do crdito e no aumento de preos dos alimentos e do petrleo temporariamente colocou outra escassez global na sombra: a gua. A ONU prev que em 2025, dois teros de ns iro experimentar a escassez de gua, com grave falta de gua arruinando as vidas e o sustento de 1,8 bilho. De acordo com o Programa das Naes Unidas de Avaliao Mundial da gua, em 2050, 7 bilhes de pessoas em 60 pases podero ter de lidar com a escassez de gua. No Frum Econmico Mundial deste ano, o secretrio-geral Ban Ki-moon recomendou que a escassez de gua deva estar no topo da agenda internacional. " medida que a economia mundial cresce, tambm cresce a sua sede", disse ele, alertando para um futuro marcado por conflitos pela gua.

Vamos explorar dois verbos importantes para a soluo da questo: TO PREDICT:


Prever Prognosticar Predizer

TO FORESSE:
Prever Antever Calcular Pressupor Pressagiar

Para encontrar a resposta, bastava que o candidato conhecesse o significado do verbo TO PREDICT (cognato), a projeo para o futuro (2025) e quaisquer dos 3 termos abaixo que indicam a falta de gua:
predicts, 2025, water shortages, severe lack of water, water scarcity prev, 2025, escassez de gua, grave falta de gua, escassez de gua

Letra A.

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CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


18- In paragraph 1, the author refers to a future marred by conicts over water. In other words, a future No pargrafo 1, o autor se refere a um futuro marcado por conflitos pela gua. Em outras palavras, um futuro a) unspoiled by them. no estragado por eles. b) rid of them. livre deles. c) clouded by them. ofuscado por eles. d) broadened by them. ampliado por eles. e) safeguarded by them. protegido por eles. Observem:
At this years World Economic Forum, UN secretary-general Ban Ki-moon recommended that water scarcity should be at the top of the international agenda. As the global economy grows, so will its thirst, he said, warning of a future marred by conicts over water. No Frum Econmico Mundial deste ano, o secretrio-geral Ban Ki-moon recomendou que a escassez de gua deva estar no topo da agenda internacional. " medida que a economia mundial cresce, tambm cresce a sua sede", disse ele, alertando para um futuro marcado por conflitos pela gua.

MARRED:

Marcado Estragado Danificado Prejudicado

CLOUDED:

Ofuscado Nublado Nebuloso Obscuro Sombrio Triste

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Podemos concluir que MARRED nos transmite a ideia de um futuro marcado, prejudicado por conflitos pela gua. CLOUDED tambm nos d a entender que o futuro perder seu brilho, ser ofuscado e portanto ser triste e sombrio em razo de tais conflitos. Letra C.

19- In paragraph 2, the author says that based on his own research, the situation No pargrafo 2, o autor diz que baseado em sua prpria pesquisa, a situao a) should have been resolved. deveria ter sido resolvida. b) must be promptly addressed. deve ser prontamente tratada. c) could have been hindered. poderia ter sido dificultada. d) may bring about catastrophic shifts. pode acarretar mudanas catastrficas. e) might not be so severe. pode no ser to grave. Vamos rever o que o autor nos diz:
There is no doubt that we need to rethink how we use water, especially with the human population growing rapidly, and global warming likely to produce unpredictable patterns of rainfall and drought. Nevertheless, my own research suggests that the situation may not be as dire as many are suggesting. Nations can thrive on surprisingly meagre quantities of fresh water provided they adopt water-efcient technologies and encourage economic activity that does not guzzle water. I believe the looming water crisis is primarily a problem of distribution and management rather than supply. And we can solve it with existing technologies, increased investment and political will. No h dvida de que precisamos repensar a forma como usamos a gua, especialmente com a populao humana crescendo rapidamente, e o aquecimento global que provavelmente ir produzir padres imprevisveis de chuva e de seca.

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CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


No entanto, a minha prpria pesquisa sugere que a situao pode no ser to terrvel como muitos esto sugerindo. Naes podem prosperar com quantidades surpreendentemente escassas de gua doce - desde que adotem tecnologias eficientes em termos de gua e encorajem a atividade econmica que no esbanje gua. Eu acredito que a iminente crise de gua principalmente um problema de distribuio e gesto em vez de oferta. E ns podemos resolv-lo com as tecnologias existentes, maior investimento e vontade poltica.

O trecho em negrito nos d a resposta. DIRE:


Horrendo Medonho Terrvel

the situation may not be as dire as many are suggesting a situao pode no ser to terrvel como muitos esto sugerindo = might not be so severe pode no ser to grave

Letra E. 20- In paragraph 2, the author implies that the problem of distribution and management of water is No pargrafo 2, o autor deixa implcito que o problema de distribuio e gesto de gua a) overestimated. superestimado. b) paramount. de suma importncia. c) marginal. marginal. d) extraneous. irrelevante. e) secondary. secundrio. 18 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH

There is no doubt that we need to rethink how we use water, especially with the human population growing rapidly, and global warming likely to produce unpredictable patterns of rainfall and drought. Nevertheless, my own research suggests that the situation may not be as dire as many are suggesting. Nations can thrive on surprisingly meagre quantities of fresh water provided they adopt water-efcient technologies and encourage economic activity that does not guzzle water. I believe the looming water crisis is primarily a problem of distribution and management rather than supply. And we can solve it with existing technologies, increased investment and political will. No h dvida de que precisamos repensar a forma como usamos a gua, especialmente com a populao humana crescendo rapidamente, e o aquecimento global que provavelmente ir produzir padres imprevisveis de chuva e de seca. No entanto, a minha prpria pesquisa sugere que a situao pode no ser to terrvel como muitos esto sugerindo. Naes podem prosperar com quantidades surpreendentemente escassas de gua doce - desde que adotem tecnologias eficientes em termos de gua e encorajem a atividade econmica que no esbanje gua. Eu acredito que a iminente crise de gua principalmente um problema de distribuio e gesto em vez de oferta. E ns podemos resolv-lo com as tecnologias existentes, maior investimento e vontade poltica.

A distribuio (distribution) e gesto (management) da gua o cerne do problema da escassez. No incio do trecho acima o autor explica o quo importante repensar (rethink) a forma como usamos a gua. Assim, podemos extrair do texto que as questes relativas distribuio e gesto da gua so de suma importncia (paramount). Letra B.

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PROVA 2

Sugiro que imprimam a prova toda e criem o banco de provas

PROVA

Banco de provas

MPOG Cargo: Especialista em Polticas Pblicas e Gesto Governamental Ano: 2009

Read part of the interview below entitled Faith-based politics in order to answer questions 21 to 24:

Faith-based politics
Source: Newsweek Magazine (Adapted) May 25th 2009

Tony Blair, Britains longest-serving Labour Prime Minister, left office in 2007 as a relatively young man of 54. At his office in London, Blair spoke to NEWSWEEKs Stryker McGuire. Excerpts: Question 1: Theres much evidence that religious beliefs have been a force for evil in the world. How do you persuade people to put faith in faith? Many people do see faith as a source of division and conflict. There is another side that the world of faith isnt often good enough at putting forward which is about compassion, solidarity, social justice. Question 2: How do you think President Barack Obama is doing as a leader and healer on the world scene? Hes created a situation where there is a possibility of a completely different form of engagement with the world of Islam and with the outside world. The single most important thing for him is that his decision to reach out is answered by the rest of the world by a decision to reach back. As I keep saying to people, he doesnt want cheerleaders; he wants partners. You know, he doesnt want people to tell him how great he is; hes perfectly well aware of the transient nature of all that fluff, as it were, around the new president and the first hundred days. Hes trying to change the world in partnership, and he needs partners to do it. 20 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

CURSO ONLINE DE INGLS QUESTES COMENTADAS AFRFB PROFESSORA GABRIELA KNOBLAUCH


21- In his answer to question 1, Mr Blair a) disregards the role played by faith. b) excludes faith from his analysis. c) defines faith as a source of division. d) points to other aspects of faith. e) puts faith as a source of evil. 22- In his answer to question 1, Mr Blair refers to compassion, solidarity and social justice as concepts the world of faith is not good enough at putting forward. In other words, at a) embracing. b) preventing. c) propounding. d) discouraging. e) experiencing. 23- In his answer to question 2, Mr Blair says that President Barack Obama is perfectly well aware of the transient nature of all that fluff. In other words, the US President a) believes its characteristics are lasting. b) understands its ephemeral nature. c) feels fluff is a sensitive issue. d) underestimates the intensity of flattery. e) conceives fluff as naturally unique.

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24- In Mr Blairs view, President Barack Obama a) ought to have sought partnership. b) wants to be approved and praised. c) should consider building partnerships. d) must prioritise some religious issues. e) is seeking partnership. Read the text below which is entitled Economic recovery: the case of the BRICs in order to answer questions 25 to 27:

Economic recovery: the case of the BRICs

Source: www.economist.com June 18th 2009 (Adapted)

According to the IMFs Mr Felman, in early 2008 all the contribution of investment to growth came from non-state-owned enterprises, mostly the private sector; since December 2008, more than half has come from state-owned enterprises. Something similar is happening in Brazil. Between last September and this January credit from foreignowned and domestic private banks rose by 3%; credit from public banks rose by 14%. The beneficiaries seem to be large firms, where loans are growing four times as quickly as at small ones. It is not clear how far, in the long run, the BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India and China) will be affected by a big rise in the size of the government and large state-owned firms. But that rise is probably inevitable. China and, to a lesser extent, Brazil and India, benefited hugely from Americas appetite for imports in 2000-08. That appetite has fallen and is likely to remain low for years, as American consumers adjust their spending and savings habits. The rise may also be difficult to reverse: the experience of the West has been that the public sector expands relentlessly until it reaches between 40% and 50% of GDP (Gross Domestic Product). But if the BRICs cannot export their way out of recession, the expansion of government is the main alternative to the slump being endured in those other big capital exporters.

22 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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25- According to paragraph 1, in 2008, economic growth through investment a) was mainly stimulated by state-sector businesses. b) is yet to be translated into reliable figures. c) did not derive from a single source. d) is soon to be defined by the IMFs Mr Felman. e) did not come from the private sector. 26- According to paragraph 2, a big rise in the size of the government in the BRICs seems to be a) controllable. b) undesirable. c) threatening. d) unavoidable. e) unlikely. 27- According to paragraph 2, the quantity of goods imported by the USA has a) decreased. b) grown. c) abounded. d) risen. e) halved.

23 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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Read the text below entitled Happy new year so as to answer questions 28 to 30:

Happy new year


Source: www.economist.com Jul 2nd 2009 (Adapted) The mantra in Washington, DC is simple: spend billions now, pay later. Congress has been crafting ambitious plans for energy, health care and transport. But the mood in state capitals has been different. Fortysix states had a deadline of June 3 0th to pass their budgets. Just as important, those budgets had to be balanced. With the sole exemption of Vermont, Americas state governments, unlike the federal one, are not allowed to run deficits. June was an agonizing month. On the morning of July 1st, the first day of the new fiscal year for most states, taxpayers had reason to be glum. Connecticut, North Carolina and Ohio had passed temporary extensions. California, Arizona, Pennsylvania and Illinois did not have a balanced budget as required. Most states that did pass budgets imposed painful cuts, higher taxes and fees on everything from pesticides in Minnesota to hunting licences in Maine. Matters would be worse if it were not for Washingtons stimulus package, which provides more than $135 billion to support state budgets. Most money, $87 billion, is for Medicaid, the governments health-care programme for the poor. A further $48 billion created a State Fiscal Stabilisation Fund, mostly for schools and universities. 28- According to paragraph 1, a) ambitious plans have been devised by state governments. b) on June 30th, 46 states had already trimmed their budgets. c) deficits have been closed by forty-six states. d) lower revenue collections had been forecast up to June 30th. e) June was a very worrying and upsetting month. 24 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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29- According to paragraph 2, taxpayers had reason to be glum. In other words, they a) were understandably disappointed and sad. b) ought to feel worried, but also relieved. c) would rather be depressed. d) might well be cautiously optimistic. e) could reasonably seem hopeful. 30- According to paragraph 3, a) Washingtons stimulus package was slashed. b) state budgets are being supported. c) a stimulus package is going to be provided. d) lay-offs and furloughs have been prevented. e) states are going to close their deficits.

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PROVA 2: TRADUO E COMENTRIOS Read part of the interview below entitled Faith-based politics in order to answer questions 21 to 24: Leia parte da entrevista abaixo, intitulada "Poltica baseada na f", a fim de responder s perguntas 21 a 24:

Faith-based politics
Poltica baseada na f
Source: Newsweek Magazine (Adapted) May 25th 2009

Tony Blair, Britains longest-serving Labour Prime Minister, left office in 2007 as a relatively young man of 54. At his office in London, Blair spoke to NEWSWEEKs Stryker McGuire. Excerpts: Tony Blair, o primeiro-ministro do Partido do Trabalho da GrBretanha que serviu por mais tempo, deixou o cargo em 2007 como um homem relativamente jovem, aos 54. Em seu escritrio em Londres, Blair falou com Stryker McGuire da NEWSWEEK. Trechos: Question 1: Theres much evidence that religious beliefs have been a force for evil in the world. How do you persuade people to put faith in faith? Pergunta 1: H muita evidncia de que as crenas religiosas tm sido uma fora para o mal no mundo. Como persuadir as pessoas a ter f na f? Many people do see faith as a source of division and conflict. There is another side that the world of faith isnt often good enough at putting forward which is about compassion, solidarity, social justice. Muitas pessoas realmente vem a f como uma fonte de diviso e conflito. H um outro lado que o mundo da f no muitas vezes bom o suficiente em apresentar - que sobre a compaixo, a solidariedade, a justia social.

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Question 2: How do you think President Barack Obama is doing as a leader and healer on the world scene? Pergunta 2: Como voc acha que o presidente Barack Obama est indo como um lder e curador no cenrio mundial? Hes created a situation where there is a possibility of a completely different form of engagement with the world of Islam and with the outside world. The single most important thing for him is that his decision to reach out is answered by the rest of the world by a decision to reach back. As I keep saying to people, he doesnt want cheerleaders; he wants partners. You know, he doesnt want people to tell him how great he is; hes perfectly well aware of the transient nature of all that fluff, as it were, around the new president and the first hundred days. Hes trying to change the world in partnership, and he needs partners to do it. Ele criou uma situao em que existe a possibilidade de uma forma completamente diferente de envolvimento com o mundo do Isl e com o mundo exterior. A nica coisa mais importante para ele que sua deciso de estender a mo seja respondida pelo resto do mundo com uma deciso de tambm estender a mo. Como sempre digo para as pessoas, ele no quer lderes de torcida, ele quer parceiros. Voc sabe, ele no quer pessoas para lhe dizer o quo timo ele , ele perfeitamente consciente da natureza transitria de todas essas firulas, por assim dizer, em torno do novo presidente e dos primeiros cem dias. Ele est tentando mudar o mundo atravs de parcerias, e ele precisa de parceiros para fazer isso.

21- In his answer to question 1, Mr Blair Em sua resposta pergunta 1, o Sr. Blair a) disregards the role played by faith. ignora o papel desempenhado pela f. b) excludes faith from his analysis. exclui a f de sua anlise. c) defines faith as a source of division. define a f como uma fonte de diviso.

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d) points to other aspects of faith. aponta para outros aspectos da f. e) puts faith as a source of evil. coloca a f como uma fonte de mal.

Question 1: Theres much evidence that religious beliefs have been a force for evil in the world. How do you persuade people to put faith in faith? Pergunta 1: H muita evidncia de que as crenas religiosas tm sido uma fora para o mal no mundo. Como persuadir as pessoas a ter f na f? Many people do see faith as a source of division and conflict. There is another side that the world of faith isnt often good enough at putting forward which is about compassion, solidarity, social justice. Muitas pessoas realmente vem a f como uma fonte de diviso e conflito. H um outro lado que o mundo da f no muitas vezes bom o suficiente em apresentar - que sobre a compaixo, a solidariedade, a justia social.

another side = another aspect outro lado = outro aspecto

Quando Blair fala em outro lado (another side) da f (faith), ele cita trs aspectos: 1. Compaixo (compassion) 2. Solidarity (solidariedade) 3. Social justice (justia social) Logo, aponta para (points to) outros aspectos da f. Letra D. Vocs podem ter tido dvidas nas letras C e E. Vejamos o erro dessas assertivas. Letra C No Tony Blair que considera a f como fonte de diviso (source of division). Ele apenas diz que muitas pessoas a enxergam dessa forma. No necessariamente ele tambm pensa assim. Letra E Quem fala da f como uma fonte de mal (source of evil) o entrevistador quando fala que evidncias apontam para isso - e no Mr. Blair. 28 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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22- In his answer to question 1, Mr Blair refers to compassion, solidarity and social justice as concepts the world of faith is not good enough at putting forward. In other words, at Em sua resposta pergunta 1, Sr. Blair refere-se a compaixo, solidariedade e justia social como conceitos que o mundo da f no muitas vezes bom o suficiente em apresentar. Em outras palavras, em a) embracing. adotar. b) preventing. prevenir, evitar. c) propounding. expor. d) discouraging. desencorajar. e) experiencing. experimentar.

Aqui o examinador explora o conhecimento do PHRASAL VERB TO PUT FORWARD. Veja:

TO PUT FORWARD

promover, pr em evidncia, expor, fazer progredir, avanar, propor, formular, apresentar

Ressalto ainda a importncia de entendermos bem o sentido dos seguintes verbos: TO EMBRACE:
Abraar Adotar Seguir Admitir Aceitar Incluir

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Abarcar Conter Compreender Circundar Envolver

TO PROPOUND:
Expor Apresentar Propor

Letra B.

23- In his answer to question 2, Mr Blair says that President Barack Obama is perfectly well aware of the transient nature of all that fluff. In other words, the US President Em sua resposta pergunta 2, o Sr. Blair diz que o Presidente Barack Obama ele perfeitamente consciente da natureza transitria de todas essas firulas. Em outras palavras, o Presidente dos EUA a) believes its characteristics are lasting. acredita que suas caractersticas so duradouras. b) understands its ephemeral nature. entende sua natureza efmera. c) feels fluff is a sensitive issue. sente que firula um assunto delicado. d) underestimates the intensity of flattery. subestima a intensidade do elogio. e) conceives fluff as naturally unique. entende firula como naturalmente nica. Vamos explorar o significado das palavras-chave para resolver a questo: AWARE
Ciente

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A par Informado Atento Acautelado Advertido

TRANSIENT (cognato verdadeiro)


Transitrio Passageiro Breve

EPHEMERAL (cognato verdadeiro)


Efmero Transitrio Passageiro

NATURE (cognato verdadeiro)


Natureza Tipo Espcie

TRANSIENT = EPHEMERAL

Viram que fcil? Questo cheia de cognatos. Demandou pouqussimo conhecimento de ingls. Letra C. 24- In Mr Blairs view, President Barack Obama Na viso do Sr. Blair, o Presidente Barack Obama a) ought to have sought partnership. deveria ter buscado parceria. b) wants to be approved and praised. quer ser aprovado e elogiado. c) should consider building partnerships. deve considerar a construo de parcerias. d) must prioritise some religious issues. deve priorizar algumas questes religiosas. e) is seeking partnership. est buscando parceria. 31 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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Alunos, quadro-resumo de MODAIS nas mos para resolver essa questo. Eles so importantes para a compreenso das assertivas, bem como o conhecimento de TEMPOS VERBAIS (veja quadroresumo ao final desta aula). Atentem para a passagem abaixo:
As I keep saying to people, he doesnt want cheerleaders; he wants partners. You know, he doesnt want people to tell him how great he is; hes perfectly well aware of the transient nature of all that fluff, as it were, around the new president and the first hundred days. Hes trying to change the world in partnership, and he needs partners to do it. Como sempre digo para as pessoas, ele no quer lderes de torcida, ele quer parceiros. Voc sabe, ele no quer pessoas para lhe dizer o quo timo ele , ele perfeitamente consciente da natureza transitria de todas essas firulas, por assim dizer, em torno do novo presidente e dos primeiros cem dias. Ele est tentando mudar o mundo atravs de parcerias, e ele precisa de parceiros para fazer isso.

O verbo TO WANT (querer) est no presente. Obama quer parceiros hoje. Logo, est buscando (seeking) parceria (partnership). Letra E.

Read the text below which is entitled Economic recovery: the case of the BRICs in order to answer questions 25 to 27: Leia o texto abaixo que intitulado "A recuperao econmica: o caso dos BRICs", a fim de responder s perguntas 25 a 27:

Economic recovery: the case of the BRICs


A recuperao econmica: o caso dos BRICs
Source: www.economist.com June 18th 2009 (Adapted)

According to the IMFs Mr Felman, in early 2008 all the contribution of investment to growth came from non-state-owned enterprises, mostly the private sector; since December 2008, more than half has come from state-owned enterprises. Something similar is happening in Brazil. Between last September and this January credit from foreignowned and domestic private banks rose by 3%; credit from public banks rose by 14%. The beneficiaries seem to be large firms, where loans are growing four times as quickly as at small ones. 32 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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De acordo com o Sr. Felman do FMI, no incio de 2008 toda a contribuio do investimento para o crescimento veio de empresas no estatais, principalmente do setor privado; desde dezembro de 2008, mais da metade veio de empresas estatais. Algo semelhante est acontecendo no Brasil. Entre setembro do ano passado e janeiro agora, o crdito vindo de bancos estrangeiros e privados nacionais aumentou 3%; crdito de bancos pblicos cresceu 14%. Os beneficirios parecem ser as grandes empresas, onde os emprstimos esto crescendo quatro vezes mais rapidamente do que nas pequenas. It is not clear how far, in the long run, the BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India and China) will be affected by a big rise in the size of the government and large state-owned firms. But that rise is probably inevitable. China and, to a lesser extent, Brazil and India, benefited hugely from Americas appetite for imports in 2000-08. That appetite has fallen and is likely to remain low for years, as American consumers adjust their spending and savings habits. The rise may also be difficult to reverse: the experience of the West has been that the public sector expands relentlessly until it reaches between 40% and 50% of GDP (Gross Domestic Product). But if the BRICs cannot export their way out of recession, the expansion of government is the main alternative to the slump being endured in those other big capital exporters. No est claro o quo longe, no longo prazo, os BRICs (Brasil, Rssia, ndia e China) sero afetados por um grande aumento no tamanho do governo e grandes empresas estatais. Mas esse aumento provavelmente inevitvel. China e, em menor medida, Brasil e ndia, beneficiaram-se enormemente do apetite da Amrica por importaes em 2000-08. Esse apetite diminuiu e provvel que se mantenha baixo por anos, enquanto os consumidores americanos ajustam seus gastos e hbitos de poupana. O aumento tambm pode ser difcil de reverter: a experincia do Ocidente foi que o setor pblico se expande incessantemente at que atinja entre 40% e 50% do PIB (Produto Interno Bruto). Mas se os BRICs no podem exportar para sair da recesso, a expanso do governo a principal alternativa para a crise que est sendo suportada nos outros exportadores de grande capital.

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25- According to paragraph 1, in 2008, economic growth through investment De acordo com o pargrafo 1, em 2008, o crescimento econmico atravs do investimento a) was mainly stimulated by state-sector businesses. foi principalmente estimulado por empresas do setor estatal. b) is yet to be translated into reliable figures. ainda est para ser traduzido em nmeros confiveis. c) did not derive from a single source. no derivou de uma nica fonte. d) is soon to be defined by the IMFs Mr Felman. em breve ser definido pelo Sr. Felman do FMI. e) did not come from the private sector. no veio do setor privado.

Vejamos:
According to the IMFs Mr Felman, in early 2008 all the contribution of investment to growth came from non-state-owned enterprises, mostly the private sector; since December 2008, more than half has come from stateowned enterprises. De acordo com o Sr. Felman do FMI, no incio de 2008 toda a contribuio do investimento para o crescimento veio de empresas no estatais, principalmente do setor privado; desde dezembro de 2008, mais da metade veio de empresas estatais.

Vamos aos pontos-chave: TO COME


Vir

TO OWN

Possuir

NON-STATE-OWNED

No possudo pelo Estado / no-estatal

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ENTERPRISES (vimos no quadro-resumo da aula demo)
Empreendimento Empresa Iniciativa

MOSTLY

Em maior parte Principalmente

PRIVATE SECTOR (cognato verdadeiro)


Setor privado

Se, em 2008, parte do investimento veio do setor estatal (stateowned enterprises) e parte do setor privado (private sector), fica fcil perceber que o investimento no veio de uma s fonte (single source). Letra C.

26- According to paragraph 2, a big rise in the size of the government in the BRICs seems to be De acordo com o pargrafo 2, um grande aumento no tamanho do governo nos BRICs parece ser a) controllable. controlvel. b) undesirable. indesejado. c) threatening. ameaador. d) unavoidable. inevitvel. e) unlikely. improvvel.

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It is not clear how far, in the long run, the BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India and China) will be affected by a big rise in the size of the government and large state-owned firms. But that rise is probably inevitable. No est claro o quo longe, no longo prazo, os BRICs (Brasil, Rssia, ndia e China) sero afetados por um grande aumento no tamanho do governo e grandes empresas estatais. Mas esse aumento provavelmente inevitvel.

Vamos aproveitar a questo para estudarmos os prefixos e sufixos (veja quadro-resumo ao final da aula). Trs das cinco alternativas apresentam o prefixo UN, que transmite a ideia de negao. Sendo assim:
UN (no) + desirable (desejvel) = indesejvel UN (no) + avoidable (evitvel) = inevitvel UN (no) + likely (provvel) = improvvel probably inevitable = seems to be unavoidable provavelmente inevitvel = parece ser inevitvel

Letra D. 27- According to paragraph 2, the quantity of goods imported by the USA has De acordo com o pargrafo 2, a quantidade de bens importados pelos EUA a) decreased. diminuiu. b) grown. cresceu. c) abounded. abundou. d) risen. subiu. e) halved. reduziu-se metade. 36 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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China and, to a lesser extent, Brazil and India, benefited hugely from Americas appetite for imports in 2000-08. That appetite has fallen and is likely to remain low for years, as American consumers adjust their spending and savings habits. China e, em menor medida, Brasil e ndia, beneficiaram-se enormemente do apetite da Amrica por importaes em 2000-08. Esse apetite diminuiu e provvel que se mantenha baixo por anos, enquanto os consumidores americanos ajustam seus gastos e hbitos de poupana.

J vimos no Memorex movimentao em nossa aula demo os verbos que aparecem bastante em provas. Aquele quadrinho resolve essa questo.
TO FALL = TO DECREASE cair = diminuir, decrescer

Letra A.

Read the text below entitled Happy new year so as to answer questions 28 to 30: Leia o texto abaixo intitulado Feliz Ano Novo para responder s questes 28 a 30:

Happy new year


Feliz ano novo
Source: www.economist.com Jul 2nd 2009 (Adapted)

The mantra in Washington, DC is simple: spend billions now, pay later. Congress has been crafting ambitious plans for energy, health care and transport. But the mood in state capitals has been different. Fortysix states had a deadline of June 30th to pass their budgets. Just as important, those budgets had to be balanced. With the sole exemption of Vermont, Americas state governments, unlike the federal one, are not allowed to run deficits. June was an agonizing month. O mantra em Washington, DC simples: gastar bilhes agora, pagar depois. O Congresso tem elaborado planos ambiciosos para a energia, sade e transporte. Mas o clima nas capitais dos estados tem sido diferente. Quarenta e seis estados tiveram um prazo at 30 de junho 37 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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para passar os seus oramentos. To importante quanto isso, os oramentos tinham que ser equilibrados. Com somente a exceo de Vermont, os governos dos estados da Amrica, ao contrrio do federal, no esto autorizados a incorrer em dficits. Junho foi um ms de agonia. On the morning of July 1st, the first day of the new fiscal year for most states, taxpayers had reason to be glum. Connecticut, North Carolina and Ohio had passed temporary extensions. California, Arizona, Pennsylvania and Illinois did not have a balanced budget as required. Most states that did pass budgets imposed painful cuts, higher taxes and fees on everything from pesticides in Minnesota to hunting licences in Maine. Na manh de 01 de julho, o primeiro dia do novo ano fiscal para a maioria dos estados, os contribuintes tinham razo para estarem malhumorados. Connecticut, Carolina do Norte e Ohio passaram extenses temporrias. Califrnia, Arizona, Pensilvnia e Illinois no tinham um oramento equilibrado conforme exigido. A maioria dos estados que passaram os oramentos impuseram dolorosos cortes, impostos e taxas mais altas em tudo, de pesticidas em Minnesota at licenas de caa no Maine. Matters would be worse if it were not for Washingtons stimulus package, which provides more than $135 billion to support state budgets. Most money, $87 billion, is for Medicaid, the governments health-care programme for the poor. A further $48 billion created a State Fiscal Stabilisation Fund, mostly for schools and universities. Questes seriam piores se no fosse pelo pacote de estmulo de Washington, que fornece mais de US$135 bilhes para apoiar os oramentos estaduais. A maioria do dinheiro, US$ 87 bilhes, para o Medicaid, o programa do governo de servios de sade para os pobres. Mais US$48 bilhes criaram um Fundo de Estabilizao Fiscal do Estado, principalmente para escolas e universidades.

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28- According to paragraph 1, De acordo com o pargrafo 1, a) ambitious plans have been devised by state governments. planos ambiciosos foram elaborados pelos governos estaduais. b) on June 30th, 46 states had already trimmed their budgets. em 30 de junho, 46 estados j haviam ajustado seus oramentos. c) deficits have been closed by forty-six states. dficits foram fechados por quarenta e seis estados. d) lower revenue collections had been forecast up to June 30th. menores arrecadaes de receitas estavam previstas at 30 de junho. e) June was a very worrying and upsetting month. junho foi um ms muito preocupante e perturbador.

June was an agonizing month. Junho foi um ms de agonia.

AGONIZING

Agonizante Doloroso Atormentador Angustiante

WORRYING

Preocupante Inquietador Atormentador

UPSETTING

Perturbador Desconcertante Inquietador AGONIZING = WORRYING AND UPSETTING

Letra E. 39 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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29- According to paragraph 2, taxpayers had reason to be glum. In other words, they De acordo com o pargrafo 2, contribuintes tinham razo para estarem mal-humorados. Em outras palavras, eles a) were understandably disappointed and sad. estavam compreensivelmente desapontados e tristes. b) ought to feel worried, but also relieved. devem se sentir preocupados, mas tambm aliviados. c) would rather be depressed. preferiam estar deprimidos. d) might well be cautiously optimistic. poderiam muito bem estar cautelosamente otimistas. e) could reasonably seem hopeful. poderiam com razo parecer esperanosos.

Mais uma vez, resuminho de MODAIS a postos para resolver a questo. Vamos ao vocabulrio: GLUM
De mau humor Carrancudo Sombrio Abatido

DISAPPOINTED
Desapontado Frustrado

SAD

Triste Abatido Melanclico

GLUM = DISAPPOINTED AND SAD de mau humor = desapontado e triste

HAD REASON TO BE = WERE UNDERSTANDABLY tinham razo para estar = estavam compreensivelmente

Letra A. 40 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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30- According to paragraph 3, De acordo com o pargrafo 3, a) Washingtons stimulus package was slashed. o pacote de estmulo de Washington foi cortado. b) state budgets are being supported. os oramentos estatais esto sendo apoiados. c) a stimulus package is going to be provided. o pacote de estmulo ser fornecido. d) lay-offs and furloughs have been prevented. demisses e licenas tm sido evitados. e) states are going to close their deficits. estados fecharo seus dficits.

Matters would be worse if it were not for Washingtons stimulus package, which provides more than $135 billion to support state budgets. Most money, $87 billion, is for Medicaid, the governments health-care programme for the poor. A further $48 billion created a State Fiscal Stabilisation Fund, mostly for schools and universities. Questes seriam piores se no fosse pelo pacote de estmulo de Washington, que fornece mais de US$135 bilhes para apoiar os oramentos estaduais. A maioria do dinheiro, US$ 87 bilhes, para o Medicaid, o programa do governo de servios de sade para os pobres. Mais US$48 bilhes criaram um Fundo de Estabilizao Fiscal do Estado, principalmente para escolas e universidades.

A resposta era praticamente uma cpia do texto, no? Letra B.

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PARTE 2: REPORTAGEM TRADUZIDA Banco de Textos Texto retirado do site www.brazilcham.com

Brazil e-commerce grosses more than $11 billion


AFP - Online commerce in Brazil grossed more than $11 billion last year, up 26 percent over the previous year, the market research firm e-bit said Wednesday. According to the Webshoppers report, conducted by e-bit with the Brazilian Chamber of Electronic Commerce, Brazil added nine new million electronic consumers, bringing to 32 million the number of people who did at least one online purchase last year. The study also noted that Brazilian consumers continue to buy a growing number of higher value added products such as electronics, with increases in sales of fashion and accessories as well. Main sectors which attracted Brazilian e-commerce in 2011 were those of electronic appliances (15 percent of total sales), computers (12 percent), electronics (eight percent) and fashion and accessories (seven percent). For this year, e-bit forecast similar growth, with revenue expected to reach $12.7 billion. "Though the domestic market is growing, the international environment could influence the results" of this year, it however added in a statement. In 2010, Internet sales in Brazil totaled $8.4 billion, up 40 percent over the figure for the previous year.

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The report reviewed sales in 5,000 associated shops and the experience of consumers across the country through questionnaires. Some 78.5 million of Brazil's 191 million people have access to the Internet, according to the latest data from the pollster Ibope Nielsen Online.

TRADUO

Brazil e-commerce grosses more than $11 billion


E-commerce do Brasil fatura mais de $11 bilhes AFP - Online commerce in Brazil grossed more than $11 billion last year, up 26 percent over the previous year, the market research firm e-bit said Wednesday. AFP - Comrcio online no Brasil faturou mais de $11 bilhes ano passado, um aumento de 26 por cento em relao ao ano anterior, disse a empresa de pesquisa de marketing e-bit na quarta-feira. According to the Webshoppers report, conducted by e-bit with the Brazilian Chamber of Electronic Commerce, Brazil added nine new million electronic consumers, bringing to 32 million the number of people who did at least one online purchase last year. De acordo com o relatrio Compradoresonline, conduzido pela e-bit com a Cmara Brasileira de Comrcio Eletrnico, o Brasil acrescentou nove novos milhes de consumidores de eletrnicos, levando a 32 milhes o nmero de pessoas que fez pelo menos uma compra online no ano passado. The study also noted that Brazilian consumers continue to buy a growing number of higher value added products such as electronics, with increases in sales of fashion and accessories as well. O estudo tambm notou que os consumidores brasileiros continuam a comprar um nmero crescente de produtos de produtos com valor agregado mais alto tais como eletrnicos, com aumentos em vendas de moda e acessrios tambm. 43 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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Main sectors which attracted Brazilian e-commerce in 2011 were those of electronic appliances (15 percent of total sales), computers (12 percent), electronics (eight percent) and fashion and accessories (seven percent). Setores principais que atraram o e-commerce brasileiro em 2011 foram aqueles de aparelhos eletrnicos (15 por cento das vendas totais), computadores (12 por cento), eletrnicos (oito por cento) e moda e acessrios (sete por cento). For this year, e-bit forecast similar growth, with revenue expected to reach $12.7 billion. Para este ano, a e-bit prev crescimento similar, com receita esperada de alcanar $12,7 bilhes. "Though the domestic market is growing, the international environment could influence the results" of this year, it however added in a statement. "Apesar de o mercado domstico estar crescendo, o ambiente internacional poderia influenciar os resultados" deste ano, no entanto acrescentou em um comunicado. In 2010, Internet sales in Brazil totaled $8.4 billion, up 40 percent over the figure for the previous year. Em 2010, as vendas da internet no Brasil totalizaram $8.4 bilhes, um aumento de 40 por cento acima da cifra do ano anterior. The report reviewed sales in 5,000 associated shops and the experience of consumers across the country through questionnaires. O relatrio examinou vendas em 5.000 lojas associadas e a experincia de consumidores pelo pas atravs de questionrios. Some 78.5 million of Brazil's 191 million people have access to the Internet, according to the latest data from the pollster Ibope Nielsen Online. Cerca de 78.5 milhes dos 191 milhes de habitantes do Brasil tm acesso internet, de acordo com os ltimos dados do instituto de Pesquisas Ibope Nielsen Online.

44 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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VOCABULRIO DA AULA

Banco de vocabulrio

A B

at least beliefs below biofuel budget carbon emissions commerce consumer cost credit crisis cuts dam damage deadline dire domestic doubt drought enterprise environmentalists evidence excerpt exemption export faith far fashion fee firm

pelo menos crenas abaixo biocombustvel oramento emisses de carbono comrcio consumidor custo crise do crdito cortes represa dano prazo terrvel nacional dvida seca empresa, empreendimento ambientalistas evidncia trecho exceo exportao f longe moda taxa empresa, firma 45 www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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flooding fluff fresh water glacier global warming health care heat hurricane IMF import inevitable interview Latin America livelihood loan management mood obstacle painful partnership pattern politics poor power prediction rainfall R research revenue sale scarcity / shortage scene school shade shop state-owned stimulus package study taxpayers thing inundao firula gua doce geleira aquecimento global assistncia mdica calor furaco FMI importao inevitvel entrevista Amrica Latina sustento emprstimo gesto humor obstculo doloroso parceria padro poltica pobre energia, poder previso quantidade de chuva que cai em um determinado tempo pesquisa receita venda escassez cenrio escola sombra loja estatal pacote de estmulo estudo contribuintes coisa 46 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

G H

L M O

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value added water will W world World Bank Y yield Verbs A B C E F G H L to to to to to to to to to to answer be affected be timed blight craft endure forecast gross guzzle happen pay persuade predict read recommend say/ to tell thrive want warn responder ser afetado ser programado arruinar mudar elaborar suportar prever faturar esbanjar acontecer sair, deixar pagar persuadir prever ler recomendar dizer prosperar querer alertar V valor agregado gua vontade mundo Banco Mundial rendimento

to change

to leave

to P to to to R to S to T to to W to

Phrasal verbs to reach out estender a mo

Expresses idiomticas long run grim reading longo prazo leitura sombria 47 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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MATERIAL DE APOIO

PREFIXOS
amoral asymmetry atheist (amoral) (assimetria) (ateu)

a-

Possui a mesma escrita e sentido em Portugus. Indica falta de, sem. disconnect dislike disobey (desconectar) (desgostar) (desobedecer)

dis-

Equivale ao nosso prefixo des-

inilimir-

incomplete illogical immature irrelevant

(incompleto) (ilgico) (imaturo) (irrelevante)

Possuem a mesma escrita e sentido em Portugus. Tm sentido de no. non-smoker non-perishable non-politician Equivale a no- oversleep overload overflow overdose (dormir mais do que o necessrio) (sobrecarregar) (inundar) (dose excessiva) (no-fumante) (no-perecvel) (no-poltico)

non-

over-

Mais do que o normal, mais do que o necessrio, excessivo. unwelcome unpleasant unemployed unexpected unfair (indesejvel) (desagradvel) (desempregado) (inesperado) (injusto)

un-

No. Seria o nosso sufixo in- ou des-.

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SUFIXOS
acceptable changeable predictable (aceitvel) (mutvel) (previsvel)

-able

Equivale ao nosso -vel ou vel. Indica capacidade ou merecimento analyzer cleaner driver Significa o agente da ao colorful painful powerful Significa cheio de, tendo childhood fatherhood motherhood neighborhood Significa o estado de ser ability complexity sincerity Equivale ao nosso -idade abruptly skillfully wisely Equivale ao nosso -mente awareness emptiness richness weakness (conscincia) (vazio) (riqueza) (fraqueza) (abruptamente) (habilidosamente) (sabiamente, prudentemente) (habilidade, capacidade) (complexidade) (sinceridade) (infncia) (paternidade) (maternidade) (vizinhana) (colorido, cheio de cor) (doloroso, cheio de dor) (poderoso, cheio de poder) (analisador) (limpador) (motorista)

-er

-ful

-hood

-ity

-ly

-ness

Signfica o estado, a qualidade de citizenship friendship partnership Significa estado de ser (cidadania) (amizade) (sociedade comercial, parceria)

-ship

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-tion
administration communication organization Equivale a -o fearless homeless powerless Significa sem (destemido, sem medo) (sem-teto, desabrigado) (impotente, sem poder) (administrao) (comunicao) (organizao)

-less

PREFIXOS E SUFIXOS - EXEMPLOS unbelievable inacreditvel

unthinkable

impensvel

disrespectful

desrespeitoso

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SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE PAST SIMPLE FUTURE Tomorrow, I will play soccer. or Tomorrow, I am going to play soccer.
Amanh, eu jogarei futebol.

I play soccer every day.


Eu jogo futebol todos os dias.

Last week, I played soccer.


Semana passada, eu joguei futebol.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

PAST CONTINUOUS

FUTURE CONTINUOUS I will be playing soccer tomorrow at this time. or I am going to be playing soccer tomorrow at this time.
Eu estarei jogando futebol a essa hora amanh.

I am playing soccer now.


Eu estou jogando futebol agora.

I was playing soccer when you called me yesterday.


Eu estava jogando futebol quando voc me ligou ontem.

PRESENT PERFECT

PAST PERFECT

FUTURE PERFECT I will have played soccer by the end of the day. or I am going to have played soccer by the end of the day.
Eu terei jogado futebol at o final do dia.

I have played soccer in Brazil.


Eu jogo/ tenho jogado futebol no Brasil. ou Eu joguei futebol no Brasil.

I had played soccer before I injured my knee.


Eu tinha jogado futebol antes de machucar meu joelho. ou Eu joguei futebol antes de machucar meu joelho.

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS I had been playing soccer for 10 years before I injured my knee.
Eu estive jogando futebol por 10 anos antes de machucar meu joelho. ou Eu joguei futebol por 10 anos antes de machucar meu joelho.

FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS By the end of the month, I will have been playing soccer for 3 years. or By the end of the month, I am going to have been playing soccer for 3 years.
At o final do ms, eu estarei jogando futebol h 3 anos.

I have been playing soccer since 2003.


Eu jogo/ tenho estado jogando futebol desde 2003. ou Eu estou jogando futebol desde 2003.

51 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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See you soon! Vejo-os em breve! Have a HAPPY EASTER! Tenham uma FELIZ PSCOA! Teacher Gabriela

52 Profa. Gabriela Knoblauch www.pontodosconcursos.com.br

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