Biodiesel Production101: Homebrew Edition: A Do It Yourself Guide to Produce Biodiesel on Your Backyard

Biodiesel Production101

Homebrew Edition

A Do It Yourself Guide to Produce Biodiesel on Your Backyard

Published by Alexandre Tesla

Copyright 2019 Alexandre Tesla

Smashwords Edition, Licensed Notes

This ebook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This ebook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each recipient. If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to your favorite ebook retailer and purchase your own copy. Thank you for respecting my hard work.

Acknowledgement

I have taken effort in this project. However it would not have been possible without the kind support and help of many individuals who contribute on this project, especially Octavio Peláez, who played a key role to write this book

Disclaimer Notice:

Please note the information contained within this document is for educational and entertainment purposes only. Every attempt has been made to provide accurate, up to date and complete, reliable information. No warranties of any kind are expressed or implied. Readers acknowledge that the author is not engaging in the rendering of legal, financial, medical or professional advice. The content of this book has been derived from various sources. Please consult a licensed professional before attempting any techniques outlined in this book.

By reading this document, the reader agrees that under no circumstances is the author responsible for any losses, direct or indirect, which are incurred as a result of the use of information contained within this document, including, but not limited to, errors, omissions, or inaccuracies.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgement

Abstract

Introduction to Biodiesel

How does a diesel engine work?

Materials in the production of biodiesel

Setting up the workshop

Chemistry of biodiesel

Making your own Biodiesel

References

Abstract

This document provides a general description of alternative fuels developed around the world to meet your needs. Scientists are trying to find new fuels that can solve the sources of depletion. Biofuels such as butanol, methanol, ethanol, biogas, biodiesel, etc. are being tested. Tests are underway to convert natural crop plants into an environmentally friendly form of diesel, but the differences in costs make this area difficult, but as fossil fuels begin to deplete, this is an option that can be pursued. Here we discuss the types of fuels used by all inhabitants and try to find a solution to the problem of reducing fossil fuels, that is, the crisis of conventional fuels. The risks associated with its use are discussed and the benefits are listed. Biofuels can be used for centralized electricity, district heating, and local heating.

A Do it yourself guide to diesel, black, diesel, red diesel, diesel non-road, marine diesel, kerosene & liquefied natural gas

Introduction to Biodiesel

Fossil fuels provide the bulk of the energy consumed today. But the continued use of these fossil fuels leads to their depletion. It is possible that the world is heading towards a global energy crisis due to a decrease in the availability of cheap oil and recommendations to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. This has led to a growing interest in research on alternative energies/fuels, such as fuel cell technology, hydrogen, bio methanol, biodiesel, solar energy, geothermal energy.

Biodiesel is a renewable domestic fuel for diesel engines derived from natural oils such as vegetable oils. Biodiesel can be used in any concentration with petroleum-based diesel fuel in existing diesel engines with little or no modification. Biodiesel is not the same as raw vegetable oils. It is produced by a chemical process that removes glycerol from the vegetable oil. Chemically, a mixture of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids is a fuel. Unlike pure vegetable oils, biodiesel has very similar uses.

However, most of the time, it is used as an additive for petroleum-based diesel, thus improving the low lubricity of pure and ultra-low sulphur petroleum diesel fuel. It is one of the potential candidates to replace fossil fuels as the world's leading source of transportation, energy since it is a renewable fuel that can replace petrol, diesel in existing engines and can be transported and sold using current infrastructure. Biodiesel is usually produced by reacting a vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such as methanol or ethanol in the presence of a catalyst (acid or base) to produce mono-alkyl esters and glycerol, which are then eliminated.

The scientists E. Duffy and J. Patrick proceeded with the TRANSESTERIFICATION of a vegetable oil since 1853, many years before the first diesel engine began to operate. The primary model of Rudolf Diesel, a simple 10 foot (3 m) iron cylinder with a steering wheel at its base, was operating for the first time in Augsburg, Germany. This engine was an example of diesel vision because it was fuelled by peanut oil, a biofuel, although not strictly biodiesel, as it was not Trans esterified. He felt that the use of biomass was the actual future of his engine. In the 1920s, diesel engine manufacturers switched their engines to use the lower viscosity of fossil fuel (Petro Diesel) instead of vegetable oil, a fuel derived from biomass.

The oil industries were able to penetrate the fuel markets because their fuel was much cheaper to produce than alternatives to biomass. The result has been, for many years, a virtual elimination of the biofuel production infrastructure. It is only recently that concerns about environmental impact and the reduction of differential costs have made biofuels as biodiesel a growing alternative. In the 1990s, France launched the local production of biodiesel (locally called disaster) obtained by Trans esterification of rapeseed oil. It is mixed with the proportion of 5% in regular diesel fuel and the proportion of 30% in the diesel fuel used by some captive fleets (public transport). Renault, Peugeot, and other manufacturers have certified truck engines that can be used up to this partial biodiesel. Experiments with 50% biodiesel are underway. From 1978 to 1996, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory of the United States experimented with the use of algae as a source of biofuel under the Aquatic Species Program.

Conclusion:

Currently, most biofuels burn to release their stored chemical energy. The search for more efficient ways of converting biofuels and other fuels into electricity using fuel cells is a very active area of work. Bioenergy covers about 15% of global energy consumption. Most Bioenergy is consumed in developing countries and is used for direct heating, unlike electricity generation. However, Sweden and Finland provide respectively 17% and 19% of their energy needs in Bioenergy, which is quite high for the industrialized countries. Biomass can be used for both centralized district heat and power generation and local heating.

What is biodiesel?

Biodiesel is defined as a fuel composed of mono-alkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats. Biodiesel is generally created by the reaction of fatty acids with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst to produce the desired mono alkyl esters and glycerin. After the reaction, the glycerin, the catalyst, and any remaining alcohol or fatty acid are removed from the mixture. The alcohol used in the reaction is usually methanol, although ethanol and higher alcohols have also been used. Most biodiesel currently produced in the United States. It is made from soybean oil and soy biodiesel usually consists of the five methyl esters, whereas pure biodiesel (i.e. 100%) can be used, a mixture of between 2 and 20% (by volume). It is recommended to use biodiesel with diesel fuel to avoid compatibility problems with the engine.

Biodiesel Reaction

ReactingIn the presence of catalystYields

100 lbs Sodium hydroxide or 100 lbs.

Vegetable oil, Potassium hydroxideBiodiesel

Or +

Glycerinen Animal fat

+

100 Lbs Alcohol

Methanol or Ethanol

Transesterification process produces mono-alkyl esters chemically similar to diesel fuel

This alternative fuel of clean combustion is produced from domestic resources, such as soy, which is entirely renewable. While biodiesel does not contain oil, it can be mixed with oil to create a potent blend of biodiesel. However, biodiesel can be used in diesel engines without any modification, which makes it the best form of biodegradable and non-toxic fuel available. It is so safe that this common table salt has proven to be more toxic than biodiesel.

Unlike conventional vegetable-based fuels, which can only be used in specially designed, modified combustion ignition engines, biodiesel can be used in its purest form to power diesel engines every day. Imagine that companies ship their products on large platforms with biodiesel and farmers use their equipment with this biodegradable product.

The pure chemical process of esterification manufactures biodiesel. During this process, the glycerin is extracted from vegetable fat or oil. The process naturally leaves byproducts, including methyl esters, which is the chemical name of biodiesel and glycerin, commonly used in the production of soap. The best part of biodiesel is that it does not contain sugar or aromas, which is not possible for traditional fuels.

Biodiesel will not even look like other alternative fuels available today. This is the only alternative fuel that has met all the health effects testing requirements of the Amendments to the Clean Air Act of 1990. This means that biodiesel is legally registered with the Environmental Protection Agency as a legal fuel for sale and distribution. Companies that produce alternative vegetable oil cannot sell their products as legal motorized fuel because they cannot meet the fuel specifications required for EPA registration.

Biodiesel is made from renewable resources, which makes it an intelligent fuel option, which guarantees the protection of our environment for future generations. Their emissions are also significantly lower than those of diesel oil that most people install in their vehicles.

Biodiesel is also better for the economy because it is manufactured in the United States from available resources within the borders of those countries. When biodiesel is produced from products grown in the United States, such as soybeans, it helps to understand countries' dependence on foreign oil and reinvests US money in the United States economy.

This innovative fuel is increasingly available. It can be found throughout the country in selected locations or purchased directly from producers and traders. It costs a little more than traditional fuels, but as the demand for biodegradable and safe alternative fuels increases, the price of biodiesel is expected to fall rapidly. The cheapest way to buy biodiesel is to do it yourself at home.

Why produce my own biodiesel?

As