TASK 4 The task is to provide professional input to a development to be carried out on a greenfield site in Sydney.

The development is by the University that aims to incorporate various types of air conditioning systems within this new building with the express objective to demonstrate various systems, in a cost effective manner. The overall aim is to target the requirements outlined for a Grade B building in the Property Council of Australias Guide to Office Building Quality 2012 especially with respect to zoning requirements. The building shall be a 6 level rectangular building, facing true north, with no adjacent buildings. The sides facing North and South shall be 40 M wide whilst the sides facing East & West shall be 30 M wide. Height of each floor shall be 4.0 M floor to floor. The floor thickness shall be 200 mm. The lift and toilet services core plus common lift lobby shall be in the centre of the building taking up 200 sq M. The glazing percentage on each face shall be 50%. The type of glazing shall be single (U Value 5.9 ) with a shading coefficient of 0.7 The construction of the wall shall be brick with gyprock. The roof shall be concrete with 100 mm insulation. Ignore any heat loss or gain from the ground. Lighting allowance shall be 10 watts per sq M and equipment load shall be 20 watts per sq M. To ensure common comparisons, it is suggested that the following information be used: Following is a table outlining the cooling and airflow capacities:

HVAC systems to be evaluated include the following from costing point of view: Variable Air Volume normal or low temperature supply Underfloor Air Distribution (Displacement) Chilled Beams (Active & Passive) Variable Refrigerant Volume (VRV) Geothermal (Geo-exchange).

Following are the capital & operating costs (indicative for Sydney)
Capital Cost Mechanical Services Raised Floor Underfloor Sprinklers
Ceiling Construction

VAV $/sq.m $/sq.m $/sq.m $/sq.m $/sq.m $/sq.m

$/sq.m

Displacement System

Chilled

Ceiling Geo Exchange $300 $0 $0 $120 $0 $0

$420

VRV $280

$260 $0 $0 $50

$230 $70 $45 $50 $11 $24

$430

$250

Increase Faade

Height Cost

Additional Nett Lettable Rent Cost

Total

$11 $19
$380
$340

$250

$280

+Bore costs @ $9,000/ bore Operating Costs Energy & maintenance $/sq m per annum $35 $30 $25 $18.50 $27

Carry out the cost evaluation of all the 5 HVAC systems using the information from the table above to work out the cost INITIAL PLUS AFTER 15 YEARS of operation. Carry this out on a simple accounting basis - not taking into account inflation or cost of money, etc. You are required to prepare a report on the costs as well as describing in your own words, your understanding of the following HVAC systems highlighting the advantages and disadvantages; Geothermal (geo-exchange) Vs Air Cooled VRV systems Variable Air Volume Vs Under Floor Air Distribution (UFAD) Chilled Beams Vs Variable Air Volume systems Narrative on the selected comparison may include diagrams, sketches and photos. Limit your answer to overall not more than 6 off - A4 pages The University already has buildings with VRV systems. Adoption of Geoexchange has not been feasible recently on another project due to several factors including disruptions. Hence you are required to provide a concept SKETCH design involving the remaining three systems. It is suggested each two floors will utilise a different HVAC system, ie two floors with chilled beams, two floors with UFAD and two floors with VAV. You are to select the floors with the respective systems to ensure minimal impact on usable tenant space on floors. There will also be hot water heating using gas-fired boilers. All central plant equipment will be located on the roof. For these selected system combination, provide a single line layouts and schematics of the sub-systems showing as much technical detail as possible. This should include, as a minimum, proposed capacities of items such as chillers, cooling towers, pumps, fans and indicative duct sizes and pipe sizes. This can be supplemented with tables and charts

TASK 5 (a) Outline a Building Management System for your selected combination of HVAC systems in Task 4 showing, as a minimum, number of monitoring and control points, via a spreadsheet, categorised in the following: Digital Inputs Digital Out Points Analogue Inputs, and Analogue Outputs TASK 5 (b) 8 marks Provide a BMS system architecture diagram. Give an overall description of the proposed control system for the 3 groups of systems in Task 4 highlighting the importance on issues such as a control valve selection, communication protocols, etc plus basic control strategies for your selected systems. You may include schematics. Limit your answer to overall not more than 4 off - A4 pages.

References Property Council Guide to Building Quality AIRAH Design Guides DA9, DA16, DA8 ASHRAE/CIBSE Guides Reputable product manufacturers literature and websites BCA referenced Australian Standards AS1668.1 and AS1668.2 DESC9067 programme notes

BASIS & ASSUMPTIONS

1. List any assumptions you have made other than those listed below. 2. Spaces All areas are required to be air conditioned to provide occupant comfort, with BCA/AS1668.2 (1991) compliant ventilation required. Also refer to lecture notes on Comfort. Perimeter zone shall be 4 M from the respective face. 3. Conditions The interior occupant comfort criteria can be taken as (client requirement) all year round 22 deg.C plus or minus 1 deg C with relative humidity 50% RH plus or minus 10% RH. The external ambient at this Sydney location can be taken as summer 32 deg.C DB, 23 deg.C WB, winter 7 deg.C DB. 4. Usages Typical office use with 10 sq M per person on average. 5. HVAC Equipment Circulated water quantity from chiller manufacturers data to suit GTH capacity at selected ambient conditioned and assumed 7 deg.C supply, 12.5 deg.C return chilled water, and check by formulae Q Watts = 4.2 x l/s x (12.5 - 7 ) estimate pressure drop required for pump performance from 2 m/s pipe velocity, pressure drop charts and flow rate, using index leg having most resistance, include chiller and fan coil and control valve resistance and add 50% to pipe run (flow and return) as equivalent length of pipe fittings Examples pipe resistance 0.5 to 2 kPa/m chiller 20-50kPa fan coil/chilled beam 20-50kPa control valves 5-20 kPa TOTAL system resistance external to the pump likely to be in the range 100-250 kPa

Ensure hydraulic level of water sufficient to have flooded suction to the pump to avoid any negative suction head problems. Select cooling tower (water cooled option) at selected ambient wet bulb with total heat rejection to suit your calculated peak cooling kW + 25% to allow for compressor power input. Remember the tower rejects to outside, room GTH plus compressor power. Select condenser water flow (l/sec) from chiller data; Q = 4.2 x l/sec x T(typically 29.5 deg.C to 35 deg.C Delta T = 5.5 deg.C)

6. General Design Assumptions

VAV supply air temperature of 14 degrees UFAD Displacement supply air temperature of 18 degrees Geothermal Bore capacity 6.5 kWr each (spacing 5 m apart between bores) Air flow in ventilation/air conditioning ductwork based on 5 to 8.5 m/sec velocity Water flow in hot water and chilled water pipework based on 2 m/sec velocity External static for ducted air conditioning fans 250 Pa minimum Static pressure for chilled, hot and condenser water pump performance 150 kPa minimum All pipework insulation to BCA section J5 and manufacturers recommendations Chilled water coil supply temperatures; 7 deg.C fan coils, 16 deg.C chilled beams, temperature difference 6 deg.C. hot water supply coil temperature 80 deg.C. Temperature difference 20 deg.C.

8. COSTS Indicative only For this exercise take NLA as overall floor area (GFL) minus the lift core, toilets, plant rooms, etc 9. Equipment Suppliers NOT COMPREHENSIVE - Provided as a Guide Only

Select for supply and similar for return from Holyoake, Krantz (or equivalent) manufacturers data. Note; throw max. 0.25 m/s (no draughts) pressure drop and noise. General noise level max 45 dBA (ref. AS2107) Fan coils Temperzone, Fan Coil Industries, etc Boilers Raypak, Hunt Pumps Southern Cross Chilled BeamsDadanko, Krantz, Halton Fans Fantech Chillers Daikin, Carrier, Trane, Controls Regulator, Innotech, Honeywell Cooling TowerBAC

Show manufacturers data for equipment cooling, heating, air volume selections matching your estimated (nominated) loads at interior and exterior design conditions photo copy of just the selected equipment performance manufacturers data is adequate, highlight your selection. DO NOT clutter your assignment with data NOT relevant to the task.