Harold II Godwinson
1022 – October 1066
Frances Jane
"Fanny" Crosby
(1820-1915)
Known as an American hymn writer
and poetess, Fanny Crosby wrote
over 9,000 hymns during her life.
Ralph Vaughan Williams
October 1872 – August 1958
was an English composer of sym-
phonies, chamber music, opera,
choral music, and film scores.
William Shakespeare
(1564–1616),
`The Bard of Avon', English poet
and playwright wrote the famous
154 Sonnets and numerous highly
successful oft quoted dramatic
works including the tragedy of the
Prince of Denmark, Hamlet;
Sir Edward William Elgar,
1st Baronet,
June 1857 – February 1934
was an English composer.
He was appointed Master of the
King's Musick in 1924.
was the last Anglo-Saxon King of
England before the Norman Con-
quest. Harold reigned from 5 Janu-
ary 1066, until his death at the Bat-
tle of Hastings on 14 October of that
same year, fighting the Norman
invaders, led by William the Con-
queror.
John Bunyan
November 1628 – August 1688
was an English Christian writer and
preacher, famous for writing
The Pilgrim's Progress.

Richard I of Normandy
28 August 933—November 20 996
was the Duke of Normandy from
942 to 996; he is considered the first
to actually have held that title. He
was called Richard the Fearless
William I
1027/1028–1087
better known as
William the Conqueror, was Duke
of Normandy from 1035 and King
of England from late 1066 to his
death.
Battle of Stamford Bridge
25th September 1066
William II
1056 – 2 August 1100
the third son of William I "the Con-
queror" of England, was King of
England from 1087 until 1100, with
powers also over Normandy, and
influence in Scotland. William is
commonly known as William
Rufus, perhaps because of his red-
faced appearance.
The Battle of Hastings
14 October 1066
the decisive Norman victory in the
Norman Conquest of England.
It was fought between the Norman
army of William the Conqueror, and
the English army led by Harold
Godwinson.
Henry I
1068/1069 – 1 December 1135
was the fourth son of William I the
Conqueror. He was called
Beauclerc for his scholarly interests
and Lion of Justice for refinements
which he brought about in the ad-
ministrative and legislative machin-
ery of the time.

Charlemagne
April 2, 742—814
King of the Franks and Emperor of
the Holy Roman Empire.
Henry II
called Curtmantle
5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189
Henry was the first of the House of
Plantagenet to rule England and was
the great-grandson of William the
Conqueror. Henry was the first to
use the title "King of England" (as
Stephen
often known as Stephen of Blois
1096 – 25 October 1154
was a grandson of William the
Conqueror. He was the last Norman
King of England, from 1135 to his
death, and also the
Count of Boulogne jure uxoris.
Thomas Becket
1118– 29 December 1170
was Archbishop of Canterbury from
1162 to his death.
Empress Matilda,
February 1102 – September 1167
was the daughter and heir of King
Henry I of England. Her brother
died young in the White ship disas-
ter, leaving Matilda as the last heir
from the paternal line of her grand-
father William the Conqueror.
Richard I
8 September, 1157 – 6 April, 1199
was King of England from 6 July,
1189 until his death in 1199.
He was known as Cœur de Lion or,
Richard the Lionheart, even be-
fore his accession, because of his
reputation as a great military leader
and warrior.

John
December 1166 – October 1216
King of England,
reigned from 6 April 1199 until his
death.
Simon de Montfort,
6th Earl of Leicester
May 23, 1208 – August 4, 1265
was a French-English nobleman,
notable as the principal leader of the
baronial opposition to King Henry
III of England. After the rebellion of
1263 and 1264, de Montfort became
de facto ruler of England and called
the first directly elected parliament
in medieval Europe.
Magna Carta
also called
Magna Carta Libertatum
(the Great Charter of Freedoms),
is an English legal charter,
originally issued in the year 1215.
Edward I
June 1239 – July 1307
also known as
Edward Longshanks, was King of
England from 1272 to 1307. The
first son of Henry III, Edward was
involved early in the political in-
trigues of his father's reign, which
included an outright rebellion by the
English Barons.
Henry III
October 1207 – November 1272
was the son and successor of John
as King of England, reigning for
fifty-six years from 1216 to his
death. His contemporaries knew him
as Henry of Winchester.
Edward II
25 April 1284 – 21 September
1327
called Edward of Carnarvon, was
King of England from 1307 until he
was deposed in January 1327. Inter-
spersed between the strong reigns of
his father Edward I and son Edward
III, the reign of Edward II was dis-
astrous for England, marked by
incompetence, political squabbling,

Hārūn al-Rashīd
763–809
He ruled from 786 to 809, and his
time was marked by scientific, cul-
tural and religious prosperity. Art
and music also flourished signifi-
cantly during his reign. He estab-
lished the library Bayt al-Hikma
("House of Wisdom").
Eric the Red
950?-1003 or 1004?
was a Viking explorer who was the
first European in Greenland.
He sailed from Iceland in 982 and
led a group of colonists to
Greenland in 986.
The Crusades
1095 and 1291
were a series of religiously-
sanctioned military campaigns
waged by much of Latin Christian
Europe, particularly the Franks of
France and the Holy Roman Empire.
The specific crusades to restore
Christian control of the Holy Land
were fought over a period of nearly
200 years.
Leif Ericsson the Lucky
980?-1020?
was a Viking explorer who was
possibly the first European to sail to
North America. Ericsson sailed
around the year 1000.
Godfrey of Bouillon
1060 – 18 July 1100
was a medieval knight who was one
of the leaders of the First Crusade
from 1096 until his death. After the
fall of Jerusalem in 1099, Godfrey
became the first ruler of the King-
dom of Jerusalem, although he did
not use the title "king."
The Santa Fe Trail
1821 – 1880
a 19th century transportation route
through central North America that
connected Missouri with Santa Fe,
New Mexico.
First used in 1821 by William
Becknell, it served as a vital com-
mercial and military highway until
the introduction of the railroad to
Santa Fe in 1880.
 Raffaello Sanzio
“Raphael”
1483-1520 A.D.
16th-century
Italian painter and architect
whose style reflected the High
Renaissance. A great master of
the period, he is best known for
his religious works, frescos,
and portraiture.
Anselm of Canterbury
1033 – 21 April 1109
a Benedictine monk, an Italian me-
dieval philosopher, theologian, and
church official who held the office
of Archbishop of Canterbury from
1093 to 1109.
Walter John de la Mare
25 April 1873 – 22 June 1956
was an English poet, short story
writer and novelist, probably best
remembered for his works for chil-
dren and "The Listeners".
Kansas
January 29, 1861
is a state located in the Midwestern
United States.
It is named after the Kansas River
which flows through it, which in
turn was named after the Kansa
tribe, who inhabited the area.
Alfred the Great
849 – 26 October 899
was king of the Anglo-Saxon king-
dom of Wessex from 871 to 899.
Alfred is noted for his defense of the
Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of southern
England against the Vikings, be-
coming the only English king to be
given the epithet "the Great".
Abraham Lincoln
Feb. 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865
the 16th President of the United
States, serving from March 1861
until his assassination in April 1865.
He successfully led his country
through its greatest internal crisis,
the American Civil War, preserving
the Union and ending slavery.

Laura Elizabeth Ingalls Wilder
Feb.7, 1867 – Feb.10, 1957
was an American author who wrote
the Little House series of children's
books based on her childhood in a
pioneer family.
Joan of Arc
1412– 30 May 1431
is a national heroine of France and
a Catholic saint. A peasant girl born
in eastern France, she led the French
army to several important victories
during the Hundred Years' War,
claiming divine guidance, and was
indirectly responsible for the
coronation of Charles VII.