Spec Pro

Spe ci a l Pro c eedings a nd R emedi a l La w R evi ew notes under Atty F erdin a nd Ta n CONS OLIDATED NOTES i n SPECIA L PROCEEDINGS Notes
by: P a ul Lemue l E. C h avez
SPECIAL PRO CEEDINGS NOTES Prem i nary Consi derat i ons Spe c i a l Pro c eed i ngs De f ined by R1 S4 as a remedy by which a p arty see ks to es t a blish a s t a tus, a right , or a p art icul ar f a c t
apply suppletory May involve only one party Initiated petition by
1970 Bar: D is t i ngu ish Spe c i a l Pro c eed i ngs f rom Cr i m i na l Pro c edure and Ord i nary Ci v il A c t i on
Except Habeas Corpus, NOT based on a cause of action
Involves the State against the accused Initiated by complaint (but filed in court by Information) Based on an act or omission punishable by law
Involves 2 or more parties Initiated by complaint
Based cause action
on a of
Special Proceedings A remedy by which a party seeks to establish a status, a right, or a particular fact
Criminal Procedure The State prosecutes a person for an act or omission punishable by law A proceeding wherein a person is prosecuted by the State for acts or omissions committed in violation of penal laws, and to impose the corresponding penalty provided for by penal laws Governed by the Revised Rules of Criminal Procedure
Ordinary Civil Action A party sues another for the enforcement or protection of a right, or the prevention or redress of a wrong
Sourc es o f Spe c i a l Pro c eed i ngs: R72-109 1987 Cons t i tut ion RA7160 Ka t arun ga ng P a mb ar a n gay La w BP 129 or the Judici ary R eorga niza t ion Ac t o f 1980 RA 7691 or An Ac t Exp a nd ing the Jurisdic t ion o f the M TC (p art icu l arly those w i th respe c t to gross es t a te o f the de c e ased) A8 S5 P5, 1985 Con s t i tut ion Adminis tr a t ive Circul ars issued by SC o AM 3-2-5- Gu ardi a nship o f M inors o AM 3-4-4- Cus tody o f M inors /HC o AM 8-1-16- H a be as Da t a o AM 7-9-12- Amp aro RA 9048 or Corre c t ion o f Entri es in the Civil R egis try RA 8042 Jurispruden c e RA 9262
Governed by special rules, and in the absence of special provisions, the rules provided for in ordinary actions shall be, as far as practicable,
Governed by the rules for ordinary civil actions
C ONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO SPECIAL PRO CEEDINGS A3 S1
Spe ci a l Pro c eedings a nd R emedi a l La w R evi ew notes under Atty F erdin a nd Ta n CONS OLIDATED NOTES i n SPECIA L PROCEEDINGS Notes by: P a ul Lemue l E. C h avez
No person sh a ll be deprived o f li f e , liberty, or property w i thout due pro c ess o f l a w , nor sh a ll a ny person be deni ed the equ a l prote c t ion o f the l a ws.
A8 S1 Judici a l Power sh a ll be ves ted in 1 Supreme Court a nd in a ll other court s as m ay be es t a blished by l a w .
The Supreme Court m ay revi ew , in a n a ppropri a te pro c eeding f il ed by a ny ci t izen , the su ff ici en cy o f the f a c tu a l b asis o f the pro cl a m a t ion o f m art i a l l a w or the suspension o f the privil ege o f the wri t or the extension thereo f , a nd mus t promulga te i ts de cision w i thin 30 d ays from i ts f iling.
A8 S2 The Congress sh a ll h ave the power to de f ine , prescribe , a nd a pport ion the j urisdic t ion o f the various courts but m ay not deprive the Supreme Court o f i ts j urisdic t ion over c ases enumer a ted in S e c t ion 5 thereo f
Judici a l Power in cludes the duty o f the courts to sett l e a c tu a l controversi e s invo lving rights which are l ega lly dem a nd a bl e or en f orc e a bl e , a nd to determine whether or not there is gr ave a buse o f discret ion a mount ing to l a c k or exc ess o f j urisdic t ion on the p art o f a ny br a n ch or ins trument a li ty o f the government .
No l a w sh a ll be p assed reorga nizing the j udici ary when i t undermines the se curi ty o f tenure o f i ts members.
A8 S5 P5 The Supreme Court sh a ll promulga te rul es con c erning the prote c t ion a nd en f orc ement o f cons t i tut ion a l rights, pl e a din g, pr a c t ic e , a nd pro c edure in a ll courts, the a dmission to the pr a c t ic e o f l a w , the IBP, a nd l ega l assis t a n c e to the underprivil eged . Su ch rul e s sh a ll provide a simpli f i ed a nd inexpensive pro c edure f or the speedy disposi t ion o f c ases, sh a ll be uni f orm f or a ll court s o f the sa me gr a de , a nd sh a ll not diminish , in cre ase , or modi fy subs t a nt i ve rights. Rul es o f pro c edure o f spe ci a l courts a nd qu asi j udici a l bodi es sh a ll rem a in e ff e c t ive unl ess disa pproved by the Supreme Court . A8 S5 The Supreme Court sh a ll h ave the f o llow ing powers:
1.
exercise origin a l j urisdic t ion over c ases a ff e c t ing a mb assa dors, public minis ters a nd consuls, a nd over pet i t ion s f or c ert ior ari , prohibi t ion , m a nd a mus, quo w arr a nto a nd h a be as corpu s revi ew , revise , reverse , modi f y, or a ff irm on a ppe a l or c ert ior ari , as the l a w or the rul es o f court m ay provide , f in a l j ud gments a nd orders o f lower court s in: a. a ll c as es in which the cons t i tut ion a li ty or va lidi ty o f a ny tre a ty, intern a t ion a l or exe cut ive agreement , law, president i a l de cree , pro cl a m a t ion , order, ins tru c t ion , ordin a n c e , or regul a t ion is in ques t ion
2.
A6 S30 No l a w sh a ll be p assed in cre asing the a ppe ll a te j urisdic t ion o f the Supreme Court as provided in this Cons t i tut ion w i thout i ts a dvic e a nd con curren c e .
A7 S18 P3
b.
a ll c ases invo lvin g the l ega li ty o f a ny t ax, impos t , assess ment , or to ll , or a ny pen a l ty impos ed in re l a t ion thereto All c ases in which the j urisdic t ion o f the lower court is in issue
All persons, exc ept those ch arged w i th o ff ense s punish a b l e by re clusion perpetu a when eviden c e o f guil t is s trong, sh a ll , be f ore convic t ion , be b a il a bl e on re cogniza n c e as m ay be provided by l a w . The right to b a il sh a ll not be imp a ired even when the privil ege o f the wri t o f h a be as corpus is suspended . Exc essive b a il sh a ll not be required . [?])
c.
A3 S15 d. All crimin a l c ases in which the pen a l ty invo lved is re clu sion perpetu a or higher The privil ege o f the wri t o f h a be as corpus sh a ll not be suspended exc ept in c ases o f invasion or rebe llion or when public sa f ety requires i t .
e.
All c ases in which only a n error or ques t ion o f l a w is invo lved
A15 S1 The s t a te re cognize s the F ilipino F a mily as the f ound a t ion o f the n a t ion . Accordingly, i t sh a ll s trengthen i ts so lid ari ty a nd a c t ive ly promote i ts tot a l deve lopment .
(Others) :
A2 S11 The s t a te va lues the digni ty o f every hum a n person a nd gu a r a ntees f ull respe c t f or hum a n rights.
A15 S2 M arri age , as a n invio l a bl e so ci a l ins t i tut ion , is the f ound a t ion o f the f a mily a nd sh a ll be prote c ted by the S t a te .
A2 S12 The s t a te re cognize s the sa n c t i ty o f the f a mily a nd sh a ll prote c t a nd s treng then the f a mily as a b asic a utonomous so ci a l ins t i tut ion . It sh a ll equ a lly prote c t the li f e o f the mother a nd the li f e o f the unborn from con c ept ion . The n a tur a l a nd prim ary right a nd duty o f p arents in the re aring o f the youth f or civic e ff ici en cy a nd mor a l ch ar a c ter sh a ll re c e ive the support o f the government .
A15 S3 The S t a te sh a ll de f end:
1.
the rights o f spouses to f ound a f a mily in a ccord a n c e w i th the ir re ligiou s convic t ions a nd the dem a nd o f responsibl e p arenthood rights o f children to assis t a n c e in cluding proper c are a nd nutri t ion , a nd spe ci a l prote c t ion from a ll f orms o f negl e c t , a buse , crue l ty, explo i t a t ion , a nd other condi t ions pre j udici a l to the ir deve lopment .
2. (A3 S13
A15 S4 The f a mily h as the duty to c are f or i ts e lderly members but the s t a te m ay a lso do so through j us t progr a m o f so ci a l se curi ty.
10. Wri t o f h a be as d a t a 11. Corre c t ion o f cl eric a l errors 12. Pro c eeding a llow ing ill egi t im a te children to use the surn a me o f the ir f a ther 13. De cl ar a t ion o f nulli ty or a nnulment o f m arri age 14. De cl ar a t ion o f l ega l sep ar a t ion 15. Commi tment o f children
What are the spe c i a l pro c eed i ngs? R72 S1- SEGTARHHCVJCDC 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. S ett l ement o f es t a te o f de c e a sed persons Esche a t Gu ardi a nship a nd cus tody o f minors Trus tees Adopt ion R escission a nd revo c a t ion o f a dopt ion Hospi t a liza t ion o f insa ne per sons H a be as corpus Ch a nge o f n a me Vo lunt ary disso lut ion o f corpor a t ions Judici a l a pprova l o f vo lunt ary re cogni t ion o f minor n a tur a l children 12. Cons t i tut ion o f the f a mily home 13. De cl ar a t ion o f a b sen c e a nd de a th 14. Ca n c e ll a t ion o f corre c t ion o f entri es in the civil regis try EXCLUSIVE?! NO!!! Cert a in pro c eedings not ment ioned are considered as spe ci a l pro c eedings, su ch a s: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. De cl ar a t ion o f pre sumpt ive de a th Annulment / nulli ty o f m arri a ge N a tur a liza t ion pro c eedings Liquid a t ion pro c eedings Corpor a te reh a b ili t a t ion R e cogni t ion a nd en f orc ement o f arbi tr a t ion pro c eedings V a c a t ion , sett ing aside , corre c t ion or modi f ic a t ion o f a n arbi tr a l a w ard Any a pplic a t ion w i th a court f or arbi tr a t ion assis t a n c e a nd supervision Wri t o f a mp aro Why? B e c a use these are pro c eeding s tendin g to es t a blish a s t a tus, a right , or a p a rt icul ar f a c t
Nature o f Spe c i a l Pro c eed i ngs: IN RE M ! Binding upon the who l e world o Note th a t mos t spe ci a l pro c eedings require public a t ion
Note f urther th a t Spe ci a l Pro c eedings a re not Spe ci a l Civil Ac t ions, though both a re governed by own rul es Spe ci a l Pro c eedings are governed by own rul es, EXCEPT: When there are no a pplic a bl e provisions in the rul es, rul es on Civil Pro c edure / Ordin ary Civil Ac t ions a pp ly only in a suppl etory ch ar a c ter
What ru l e governs spe c i a l pro c eed i ngs? Rul e 72-109, Rul es o f Court Exc ept ion: R72 S2 In the a bsen c e o f spe ci a l provisions, the rul es provided f or in ordin ary civil a c t ions sh a ll be , as f ar as pr a c t ic a bl e , a pplic a bl e in spe ci a l pro c eedings
(a k a Rul es on Ordin ary Civil Ac t ions suppl etorily to Spe ci a l Pro c eedings) -
a pply
Spe ci a l Pro c eedings h as i ts own rul es, i f there are no a pplic a bl e provision s, a pply Rul es on Ordin ary Civil Ac t ion s
Sett l ement o f Es tate o f the De c eased , be i ng adversar i a l i n c hara c ter , is demurrer to ev i den c e a ll owed? YES!!! Basis: Rul e 72 S2, the rul es on civil pro c edure a pply to spe ci a l pro c eedings in a suppl etory ch ar a c ter.
What are those spe c i f i c prov isi ons i n Ci v il Pro c edure wh i c h a lso app l y to spe c i a l pro c eed i ngs? 1. Rul e 4- Rul es on Venue Jur isd i c t i on Power or a uthori ty o f the court to he ar, de cide a c ase , a nd impl ement i ts de cisions
C an the RTC- Man il a enterta i n pet i t i on f or probate o f the w ill i f the de c eased d i ed i n Quezon Ci ty? YES!!! B e c a use the rul es on venue c a n be w a ived . F a ilure to ob j e c t to improper venue is t a nt a mount to w a iver. (Spe ci a l Pro c eedings in re l a t ion to Rul e 4)
IF the court h as no j urisdic t ion over spe ci a l pro c eedings, Mot ion to dismiss c a n be f il ed f or l a c k o f j urisdic t ion over the sub j e c t m a tter o Note , however, th a t the dismissa l is w i thout pre j ud ic e
2.
Rul e 7 S1- P arts o f a Pl e a ding
What then w ill be your remedy? R e f il e the pet i t ion , as provided f or in Ru l e 16
Note th a t a ll o f spe ci a l pro c eedings are commen c ed by w ay o f pet i t ion A pet i t ion is a p l e a ding Hen c e , the need to comply w i th S e c t ions 4 a nd 5 o f Ru l e 7 Veri f ic a t ion Cert i f ic a t ion aga in s t non f orum shopping
C an the c ourt d ism iss the pet i t i on motu propr i o f or l a c k o f c ert i f i c at i on ag a i ns t f orum shopp i ng? NO!!! A mot ion to th a t e ff e c t needs to be f il ed , f or f a ilure to comply w i th condi t ion pre c edent
Basis: Rul e 72 S2 (S) 3. Y ES ! Basis: Rul e 72 S2 Rul e 16- Mot ion to Dismiss SETTLE M ENT O F THE ESTATE O F THE DECEA SED (RULE 73-90) What is ESTATE? An es t a te is a n art i f ici a l be in g cre a ted by oper a t ion o f l a w which w ill undert a k e dis tribut ion o f propert i es l e f t by the de c e ased .
4.
R33- Demurrer to Eviden c e
Dis tribut ion , disposi t ion , m a n agement o f propert i es l e f t by de c e ased B e ing a j uridic a l be ing, i t c a n sue a nd be sued o Juridic a l be ing w i th ent i ty sep ar a te a nd dis t in c t from the de c edent
If the gross va lue o f es t a te o f the de c e ased does not exc eed 300k OMM or 400k MM , M TC / MuTC / M CTC, MuTC in C i t i es h as j urisdic t ion
1997 Bar: The gross es tate o f the de c eased is 200k , the property is i n P ampang a . Determ i ne the j ur isd i c t i on and the venue . B e c a use the gross va lue o f the es t a te o f the de c e ased does not exc eed 300k OMM , M TC h as j urisdic t ion (Basis: BP 129 a s a mended by RA 7691) Note however, th a t when i t comes to venue , the ques t ion is misl e a ding (Property lo c a ted in P a mp a nga). To a nswer the ques t ion , here goes: As to venue , my a nswer would depend on whether the de c edent is a resident or non-resident o f the Philippines. If the de c edent is a resident o f the Philippines, whether a ci t izen or a n a li en , the venue sh a ll be the l as t a c tu a l residen c e o f de c edent . If the de c edent is a nonresident , venue sh a ll be the pl a c e where the es t a te / property is lo c a ted . Hen c e , in the c ase a t b ar, i f de c edent is a resident , the venue sh a ll be the a c tu a l residen c e o f the de c e ased (pwede P a mp a nga , pwede hindi , depende sa f a c ts), but i f a nonresident , then P a mp a nga is the proper venue be c a use th a t is where his es t a te is lo c a ted .
RA7160- Bar a ngay Con cili a t ion La w / Ka t arunga n g P a mb ar a ngay F or purposes o f sett l ement o f es t a te o f the de c e ased , there is no need to re f er the c ase to the Ka t arunga n g Bar a ngay f irs t! (vd a de Borromeo vs Pogoy) Juridic a l persons su ch as es t a te are not covered by Bar a ngay Con cili a t ion pro c eedings. NOTE: Trus teeship a nd Gu ardi a nship does not need to p ass Bar a ngay
SETTLE M ENT O F ESTATE O F THE DECEASED De f i n i t i on: S ett l ement o f E s t a te o f the De c e ased is a con cili a t ion pro c eeding where the property o f the de c e ased would be dis tributed pursu a nt to the provisions o f l a w or the w ill o f the de c edent .
P erson a l a nd R e a l- Tot a li ty o f Es t a te o f De c e ased (GROSS VALUE- va lue be f ore dedu c t ion s)
If f il ed in the court not w i th j urisdic t ion , f il e mot ion to dismiss on the ground o f l a c k o f j urisdic t ion over the sub j e c t m a tter
Jur isd i c t i on (BP129 RA7691): Depends upon the gross va lue o f the es t a te o f the de c e asedva lue o f the es t a te prior to dedu c t ions o f debts, et c If the gross va lue o f the es t a te o f the de c e ased exc eeds 300k OMM or 400k MM , RTC h as j urisdic t ion
Venue: R73 S1 If the de c edent is: a n i nhab i tant o f the Ph ili pp i nes a t the t ime o f his de a th , o whether a c i t izen or an a li en ,
his w ill sh a ll be proved , or l etters of a dminis tr a t ion gr a nted , a nd his es t a te sett l ed , in the COURT in the prov i n c e i n wh i c h he resi des at the t i me o f h is death ,
f.
Public a t ion in a newsp a per o f gener a l circul a t ion on c e a wee k f or 3 conse cut ive wee ks
Note : In the 2006 Bar Exa min a t ions, in l ega l f orms a nd pr a c t ic a l exercises, this ques t ion w as ask ed: Prep are a Dr a f t o f Ad j udic a t ion o f So l e He irship
a nd i f he is a n i nhab i tant o f a f ore ign c ountry , the court o f a ny prov i n c e i n wh i c h he had es tate .
To a nswer, f o llow the contents o f Rul e 74, in a PUBLIC INSTRUM E NT
NOTE: Venue is WAIVA BLE
What is a NE W SP APER O F GE NERAL CIRCUL ATION? (Basa vs Merc a do)
Modes o f Sett l ement o f Es tate o f the de c eased: 1. 2. JUDICIAL or EXTRAJUDICIAL Judici a l- w i th court intervent ion Extr a j ud ici a l- w i thout court intervent ion PROBATE or NON PROBATE Prob a te- there is a need to prove the w ill , j udici a lly (or a dminis tr a t ive ly)? No need to prove w ill / intes t a te tes t a te su cc ession
1. 2.
M a de w i thin the Court s Juris dic t ion Published a t regul ar interva ls f or determin a t ion o f news a nd gener a l in f orm a t ion w i th bon a f ide subscript ion lis t o f p aying subscribers
3.
4.
not devoted to the intere s t o f a p art icul ar cl ass
Ki nds o f Sett l ement o f Es tate o f the De c eased: A. Ad j udic a t ion o f So l e He irship (R74 S1) Extr a j ud ici a l sett l ement , non -prob a te Ad j udic a ted unto h imse l f the ent ire es t a te
On c e a wee k f or 3 conse cut i ve wee ks- NOT NECESSARILY 21 d ays, r a ther, i t is on c e a wee k , 3 wee ks conse cut i ve ly- THIS IS WHAT CON FERS JURISDICTION UP ON THE COURT
R equirements: a. b. c. d. e. No w ill / intes t a te No outs t a nding debts One surviving he ir / so l e he ir A ff id avi t o f a d j udic a t ion o f so l e he irship f il ed in O ff ic e o f R egis ter o f Deeds F il e bond equiva l ent to the va lue o f person a l property or li en in f avour o f credi tors in c a se o f re a l property
Remed i es o f those aggr i eved by extra j ud i c i a l sett l ement: w i thin 2 ye ars, f il e a cl a im ag a ins t the bond or the re a l es t a te rescission in c ase o f preteri t ion o f compulsory he ir t a inted w i th Ba d F a i th re conveya n c e o f re a l property a c t ion to a nnul deed o f EJ sett l ement on the ground o f fr a ud
re conveya n c e b ased on impli ed or cons tru c t ive tru s t ordin ary a c t ion aga ins t dis tributees, but not aga ins t the bond
f. g.
When there are 2 or more He irs, B. Extr a j ud ici a l S ett l ement o f Es t a te o f the De c e ased (R74 S1)
h.
Public a t ion on c e a wee k f or 3 conse cut ive wee ks in a new sp a per o f gener a l circul a t ion Bond in c ase o f person a l property l e f t by de c edent who w ill a nswer f or cl a im o f tho se unduly deprived R egis tr a t ion o f sa id a ff id avi t o f agreement
Done by me a ns o f C ONTRACT between the surviving he irs EXTRAJUDICIAL SETTLE M ENT O F ESTATE O F THE DECEASED Know a ll men by these presents: --------------------------------------------------------Property: No .............
Prote c t ions a ccorded to tho se undu ly deprived: a. b. c. Public a t ion Bond- c a n go a f ter i t F il e pet i t ion f or surrender o f your sh are as f ar as es t a te o f de c e ased is con c erned
C.
S ett l ement o f Es t a te o f the De c e ased o f Sm a ll V a lue Gross va lue o f es t a te o f the de c e ased does not exc eed 10k Summ ary j udici a l a d j udic a t ion Appli es to tes t a te or intes t a te Ava il a bl e even i f there are debts F il ed by pet i t ion cont a ining a ll ega t ions o f gross va lue o f es t a te upon he aring not l ess th a n 1 months nor higher th a n 3 months from the d a te o f l a s t public a t ion or not ic e Public a t ion in a newsp a per o f gener a l circul a t ion on c e a wee k f or 3 conse cut ive wee ks Not ic e to interes ted persons F iling o f a bond in a n a mount f ixed by court Court order is re corded in the O ff ic e o f the Cl erk o f court Order o f p art i t ion or a w ard is re corded in the proper R egis try O ff ic e
a. b. c. d. e.
S1 to S4 R74 2 ye ars f or those unduly deprived o f the es t a te to f il e ...
f. M inors represented by Gu ardi a n a d li tem f or purpo ses o f dis tribut ion o Sub j e c t to Rul e 74 S4, a f ter sett l ement a nd dis tribut ion
g. h. i. j.
R equirements: (R74 S1) a. b. c. d. e. De c edent di ed intes t a te No outs t a nding debts He irs are a ll o f age , or i f minors, are properly represented Public ins trument (not arized c ontr a c t) R egis tr a t ion w i th regis try o f deeds where property is lo c a ted
B e f ore , f il ed w i th RTC o f l as t residen c e But NOW , due to a mendments brought by RA 7691, j urisdic t ion is now w i th M TC- PURSUANT to the RULE ON S MALL CLAI M S (Summ ary) Public a t ion- 5k
La wyer- 5k Appe ar a n c e f ee- 2k P ar a ng k u l a ng p a?!
Venue- l as t residen c e o f de c edent , or i f a non resident , then where es t a te m ay be f ound Las t R esiden c e- a c tu a l re siden c e Kung sa n perm a nent No 2 residen c es a t the sa me t i me
Li ab ili t i es o f D is tr i butees o f Es tate (Ru l e 74 S4) He ir or other person unduly deprived o f l a w f ul p art icip a t ion in the es t a te Outs t a ndin g debts which h ave not been p a id He ir or other person is unl a w f ully deprived o f l a w f ul p art icip a t ion p aya bl e in money
Nature o f Probate Pro c eed i ngs: a. IN RE M - bind s who l e world , public a t ion as a requirement
Why the need to probate w ill? F or re asons o f public po licy o R75 S1, s t a t ing th a t no w ill sh a ll p ass e i ther re a l or per son a l property unl ess i t is proved a nd a llowed in the proper court
Propert i es sub j e c t to sett l ement o f es tate o f the de c eased:
IF you divide a property outside o f prob a te pro c eedings, a nd there is a w ill , the division is VOID REAL AND PERS ONAL PROPERTY R e a l property- A415, NCC P erson a l property- A416-417, NCC o Mova bl es o Credi ts o Bonds o Deposi ts b. Imprescript ibl e
In c ase o f intes t a te es t a te pro c eedings, p art i t ion , b as t a k a p ag m ay lum a b as n a n ag-i w a n p a l a ng l as t w ill a nd tes t a ment a ng de c edent , then the prob a te pro c eedings sh a ll preva il , a nd the f ormer sh a ll be he ld in a beya n c e
S ett l ement o f Es t a te o f the De c e a sed 1. 2. Prob a te o f the w ill- w i th w ill W i th ne c essi ty o f proving, imprescript ibl e Intes t a te Es t a te Pro c eedings- w i thout w ill What is a W ILL? F orm a l wri tten disposi t ion o f a person a llow ing f or the dis tribut ion o f his propert i es a nd rights a ccordin g to his intent ion , to t a k e e ff e c t a f ter his de a th
Jurisdic t ion- depends on the gross va lue o f the es t a te o f the de c e ased Exc eeds 300k OMM 400k MM - RTC Does not exc eed 300k OMM 400k MM - M TC
Unders t a nd the con c ept in re l a t ion to the f o llow ing: De cl ar a tory re li e f P aro l eviden c e rul e
In cludes WILLS- the w ill i tse l f only is the one ava il a bl e , no modi f ic a t ion as f ar as re a l es t a te is con c erned N a mes, ages, resident s o f he irs, devis ees, l ega tees Prob a t ive va lue a nd ch ar a c ter o f the es t a te N a me o f the person f or whom l etters are pr ayed N a me o f the person h aving cus tody o f the w ill i f not yet de livered to the court Court to f ix t ime a nd pl a c e f or proving the w ill Not ic e to be published 3 wee ks su cc essive ly (76 3) Not ic e f or t ime a nd pl a c e f or proving the w ill to he irs, l ega tees, devisees o f tes t a tor, exe cutor i f not the pet i t ioner, co exe cutors not pet i t ionin g 20 d ays be f ore he aring by m a il or 10 d ays by person a l servic e Prove Due exe cut ion o f the W ill The w ill w as exe cuted in compli a n c e w i th f orm a li t i es Tes t a tor w as o f sound a nd disposing mind a t the t ime o f m a k ing the w ill No vi t i a t ion o f consent by duress, f e ar, thre a ts Not pro cured by undue a nd improper in f luen c e or pressure on the p art o f the bene f ici ary or o f some other person f or his bene f i t Sign a ture o f tes t a tor is genuine , not pro cured by fr a ud or tric k , tes t a tor
Prob a te o f a w ill 2 k i nds o f W ill 1. 2. Not ari a l W ill Ho logr a phic W ill
Obliga t ion o f exe cutor to de liver the sa me 20 d ays a f ter su ch de a th If he re f u ses, a dminis tr a tor w i th a w ill a nnexed sh a ll be a ppo inted (NOTE: NCC provisions) Hen c e , f a ilure to comply w i th NCC requirement is a ground f or disa llow a n c e o f a w ill Exa mpl e : when exe cuted a nd a ttes ted not in con f ormi ty o f the requisi tes provided f or by l a w
V.
VI .
VII.
VIII. PROCEDURAL RE QUIRE M ENTS: I. Cus todi a n to de liver the w ill to the court w i thin 20 d ays a f ter k now ing o f tes t a tors de a th (75 2) 20 d ays a f ter k now l edge o f de a th or k now l edge o f be ing n a med exe cutor, exe cutor to present w ill to the court h aving j urisdic t ion (75 3) P et i t ion f or a llow a n c e f il ed (76 1) see be low , WHO MA Y FILE Contents o f P et i t ion: (76 2) Jurisdic t ion a l f a c t s -
II.
III.
IV . -
intended th a t wh a t he signed is his l as t w ill a nd tes t a tement IX. He aring under the f o llow ing rul es: (see : Rul e 76)
i n the absen c e o f su c h w i tness, and i f the c ourt deems ne c essary , expert w i tness may be resorted to
Un c ontes ted notar i a l w ill At l e as t one subscribing w i tness to tes t i fy th a t the w ill is exe cuted as required by l a w
Contes ted notar i a l w ill All subscribing w i tnesses plu s not ary public If a bsent , su ff ici ent ly show as f ar by tes t imony If a ll are de a d , et c , other w i tness or expert w i tness m ay be ava il ed or presented (Expert w i tne ss as exc ept ion to opinion Rul e under Rul e 130)
The tes t i mony o f at l eas t 1 subsc r i b i ng w i tness on l y i f su c h w i tness tes t i f i es that the w ill is exe c uted as is requ i red by l aw when none o f the subscr i b i ng w i tnesses resi de s i n the prov i n c e but the deposi t i on o f one or more o f them c an be ta k en e lsewhere , the c ourt may , on mot i on , d i re c t i t to be ta k en , and may author ize a photograph i c c opy o f the w ill to be made and to be presented to the w i tnesses on h is exam i nat i on , who may be ask ed the same ques t i ons w i th respe c t to i t , and to the handwr i t i ng o f the tes tator and others, as wou l d be pert i nent and c ompetent i f the or igi na l w ill were present Outside provin c e , deposi t ion (R76 S7)
a ll subscr i b i ng w i tnesses and the notary pub li c , i f present i n the Ph ili pp i nes and not i nsane , mus t be produ c ed and exam i ned , and the death , absen c e , or i nsan i ty o f any one o f them mus t be shown to the c ourt i f a ll or some o f the w i tnesses are present i n the Ph ili pp i nes but out si de the prov i n c e where the w ill has been f il ed , the i r deposi t i on mus t be ta k en i f any or a ll o f the w i tnesses tes t i f y ag a i ns t the due exe c ut i on o f the w ill or do not remember hav i ng attes ted to i t , or are o f doubt f u l cred i b ili ty , the w ill may be a ll owed i f the c ourt is sat isf i ed f rom the tes t i mony o f other w i tnesses and a ll the ev i den c e presented that the w ill was exe c uted and attes ted i n the manner requ i red by l aw
i f the subscr i b i ng w i tnesses are dead , i nsane , or none o f them resi des i n the Ph ili pp i nes, the c ourt may adm i t the tes t i mony o f other w i tnesses to prove the san i ty o f the tes tator and the due exe c ut i on o f the w ill . And as ev i den c e o f exe c ut i on o f the w ill , i t may adm i t proo f o f the handwr i t i ng o f the tes tator and o f the subscr i b i ng w i tnesses or o f any o f them De a d , et c , other w i tnesses c a n tes t i fy (R76 S8)
Contes ted ho l ograph i c w ill 3 w i tnesses who k nows the h a ndwri t ing a nd sign a ture o f tes t a tor o I M PT: prove sign a ture- or e lse , ground f or disa llow a n c e o f a w ill If none , expert tes t imony m ay be t a k en
Un c ontes ted ho l ograph i c w ill 1 subscribing w i tness who k nows the h a ndwri t ing a nd sign a ture o f tes t a tor If none , expert tes t imony m ay be t a k en
Hen c e , p ag 2 l a n g, e di pet i t ion deni ed! a ll owed i f at l eas t 3 w i tnesses who k now the handwr i t i ng o f the tes tator exp li c i t l y de c l are that the w ill and the signature are i n the handwr i t i ng o f the tes tator
at l eas t 1 w i tness who k now s the handwr i t i ng and signature o f the tes tator exp li c i t l y de c l are that the signature and the w ill are i n the tes tator s handwr i t i ng
i n the ab sen c e o f any c ompetent w i tness, and i f the c ourt deems i t ne c essary , expert tes t i mony may be resorted to
4.
5. Not ari a l W ill W i th a ttes t a t ion cl a use o Non compli a n c e therew i th , p a t ay k a ... m ay probl em a k a sa pet i t ion
Who may f il e pet i t i on f or probate o f a w ill? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Tes t a tor himse l f (in c ase o f a nte mortem prob a te) Exe cutor Devisee Lega tee Any person interes ted in a w ill Any credi tor
Determine a nd rul e upon issues re l a t ing to sett l ement o f the es t a te , su ch as a dminis tr a t ion , liquid a t ion , a nd dis tribut ion o f the es t a te Determine the f o llow ing: a . Who are the he irs o f de c edent b . R e cogni t ion o f a n a tur a l child c . V a lidi ty o f disinheri t a n c e e ff e c ted by tes t a tor d . S t a tus o f a wom a n who cl a i ms to be the l a w f ul w i f e o f de c edent e . V a lidi ty o f w a iver o f heredi t ary he irs f . S t a tus o f e a ch he ir g. Wh a tever property in the inventory is con j uga l or exclusive property o f de c e ased spous e h . M a tters in cident a l or co ll a ter a l to the sett l ement a nd dis tribut ion o f the es t a te
F il ed be f ore M TC or RTC IF tes tator is the one who f il ed , what is the quantum o f proo f requ i red? Tes t imony niya ? o P wede
As a g enera l ru l e , the probate c ourt has no power to determ i ne issues o f ownersh i p , exc ept: (non con clusive/Disput a bl e Presumpt ion under Rul e 131) a. F or in cluding property in inventory w i thout pre j udic e to f in a l determin a t ion in a sep ar a te a c t ion When a ll p art i es are he irs a nd they submi t issue o f ownership to the prob a te court provided th a t the rights o f the p art i es are not pre j udic ed Ques t ion is one o f co ll a t ion or a dva n c ement When the p art i es consent to assumpt ion o f j urisdic t ion by the prob a te court a nd the rights o f third p a rt i es are not imp a ired
b. If a w ill is prob a ted , i t is va lid as f ar as due exe cut ion is con c erned . On c e a de cision is m a de , i t is con clusive , a nd c a n no longer be ques t ioned
c. d.
What are the powers o f the probate c ourt ? 1. 2. 3. Dis tribute sh ares Determine who are the l ega l he irs Issue w arr a nts a nd pro c esses to se cure a ttend a n c e o f w i tnesses
To Determine the f o llow ing ques t ions: a. b. Who are the he irs o f de c edent R e cogni t ion o f a n a tur a l child
c. d. e. f. g.
h.
V a lidi ty o f disinheri t a n c e e ff e c ted by tes t a tor S t a tus o f a wom a n who cl a i ms to be the l a w f ul w i f e o f de c edent V a lidi ty o f w a iver o f heredi t ary he irs S t a tus o f e a ch he ir Wh a tever property in the inventory is con j uga l or exclusive property o f de c e ased spouse M a tters in cident a l or co ll a ter a l to the sett l ement a nd dis tribut ion o f the es t a te
or fr a udul ent ly des troyed during the li f et ime o f tes t a tor w i thout h is k now l edge 3. Its provision s are cl e arly a nd dis t in c t ly proved by a t l e as t 2 credibl e w i tnesses
How to / Who c an prove due exe c ut i on , g enu i ness? Pursu a nt to rul es o f eviden c e : 1. By persons or w i tnesses present when exe cuted By not ary public By a ny person present durin g exe cut ion o f the w ill
Grounds f or d isa ll owan c e o f a w ill (i mportant: l uma l abas sa Bar): Ru l e 76 S9 1. 2. 3. 4. i f the w ill is not exe cuted a nd a ttes ted as required by l a w i f the tes t a tor is insa ne or otherw ise ment a lly in c a p a bl e to m a k e a w ill i f the w ill w as exe cuted under duress or under the in f luen c e o f f e ar or thre a ts i f the w ill w as pro cured by undue a nd improper in f luen c e , on the p art o f the bene f ici ary or o f some other person f or his bene f i t i f the sign a ture o f the tes t a tor w as pro cured by fr a ud or tric k , a nd he did not intend th a t the ins trument should be his w ill a t the t ime o f f ixing his sign a ture
2. 3.
NOTE th a t proving los t or des troyed w ill is exc ept ion to bes t eviden c e rul e Los t or des troyed w ill in a ccord a n c e w i th R130 S3, prohibi t in g present a t ion o f se cond ary eviden c e
5.
A pet i t ion f or prob a te o f a w ill is a n ini t i a tory p l e a d i ng If the part i es subsequent l y f il e a pet i t i on f or l etters tes tamentary or o f adm i n is trat i on , is i t c onsi dered as i n i t i atory p l ead i ng? NO! It is considered as cont inu a t ion o f prob a te o f a w ill , hen c e , there is no need f or pet i t ion aga ins t non f orum shopping
In c ase o f l os t or des troyed w ill , no probate , exc ept as prov i ded i n R76 S6: (note th is, l uma l abas to sa bar) SECONDAR Y EVIDENCE as exc ept ion to the B es t Eviden c e Rul e 1. Exe cut ion a nd va lidi ty o f the w ill by the tes t a tor be es t a b lished Th a t the w ill is proven to h ave been in exis ten c e a t the t ime o f the de a th o f tes t a tor or is shown to h a ve been a ccident ly
Is ora l part i t i on va li d between surv i v i ng he i rs? As a mongs t the he irs, va lid a mongs t themse lves. But in order to bind third persons, f or purpose s o f regis tr a t ion , the p art i t ion mus t be in a public
2.
ins trument to be va lid as to regis tr a t ion . If not in a public ins trument , then not va lid as to regis tr a t ion .
REPROBATE O F A W ILL (note: l uma l abas to sa bar) Ru l e 77 W ill prob a ted a bro a d is not a utom a t ic a lly a llowed in the Ph ilippines o Hen c e , the need f or pet i t ion f or reprob a te o f a w ill
Prob a te o f a w ill , There is need f or a ppo intment o f exe cutor, i f w i th a w ill If no w ill , then a dminis tr a tor
How to prove? Copy o f the w ill duly prob a ted by court o f competent j urisdic t ion in the f ore ign country Duly a ll ege the l a w on prob a te pro c eedings in the f ore ign country, a ll ege in the body o f the pet i t ion f or reprob a te , duly a uthent ic a ted
C an there be adm i n is trator i n c ase there is a w ill? Y ES ! In 2 i n s t a n c e s : When exe cutor re f used to a cc ept the trus t , or The exe cutor is disqu a li f i ed
Ca ll ed , ADM INISTRA TOR WITH A WILL ANN EXED
Requ isi tes: 1. Due exe cut ion o f the w ill in a ccord a n c e w i th f ore ign l a ws Tes t a tor is domicil ed in a f ore ign country W ill is a dmi tted to prob a te in su ch country F ore ign court or tribun a l is a prob a te court La w o f the f ore ign country on pro c edure a nd a llow a n c e o f the w ill
Who c an be appo i nted exe c utor or adm i n is trator ? Order o f pre f eren c e in a ppo intment o f regul ar a dminis tr a tor or exe cutor: 1. 2. 3. 4. Surviving spous e Next o f k in Any person interes ted in the w ill , or credi tor Any person the court m ay a ppo int 2. 3. 4. 5.
R77 in re l a t ion to Rul e 39 S48 (Eff e c t o f f ore ign j udgment) a nd Pro c essu a l Pre sumpt ion R emedi es in c as e o f a dverse de cisions in: Appo intment o f regul ar a dmi nis tr a tor- APPEAL B e c a use a ppo intment is f in a l a nd exe cutory A prob a te o f w ill a bro a d is considered as f ore ign j udgment , hen c e , the need f or pet i t ion f or reprob a te to be considered binding a nd en f orc e a bl e upon our courts
Appo intment o f spe ci a l a dminis tr a tor- CERTIORARI RULE 65 B e c a use a ppo intment is interlo cutory in ch ar a c ter Requ isi tes to be appo i nted: EXECUTOR: (Ru l e 78 S4) N a med in the w ill
The w ill is proved a nd a llowed Tes t a tor is competent , a cc epts the trus t , a nd gives bond
de cision is f in a l a nd exe cutory, hen c e , APPEAL is the proper remedy 1. 2. 3. M inor Non resident One who in the opinion o f the court is un a bl e to exercise the dut i es o f a trus t by re ason o f : a . Drun k enness b . Improviden c e c . W a nt o f unders t a nding d . W a nt o f integri ty e . Convic t ion o f a n o ff ense invo lving mor a l turpi tude
ADM INISTRATOR (Ru l e 79 S2) Competent Appo inted by the court F il es pet i t ion f or l etters o f a dminis tr a t ion o Jurisdic t ion a l f a c t s o N a mes, ages, residen c es o f he irs, credi tors o Prob a t ive va lue a nd ch ar a c ter o f the es t a te o N a me o f person f or whom l etters are pr ayed
Powers o f E or RA (R84 S1-3) H ave a cc ess to , exa mine a nd t a k e copi es o f boo ks a nd p a pers re l a t ing to p artnership in c ase o f de c e ased p artner Exa mine a nd m a k e invo ic es o f property be longing to the p artnershi p in c ase o f de c e ased p artner M a int a in in ten a nt a b l e rep a irs, houses, other s tru c tures a nd f en c es a nd de liver the sa me in su ch rep a ir to he irs or devisees when ins tru c ted to do so by the court M a k e improvement on propert i es under a dminis tr a t ion w i th ne c essary court a pprova l exc ept f or ne c essary rep a irs Possess a nd m a n age the es t a te when ne c essary f or p ayment o f debts, f or p ayment o f expens es o f a dmi nis tr a t ion
So , l asenggo- disqu a li f i ed Drug a ddic t- disqu a li f i ed (Ba k i t? Hmmm ... pwedeng pum aso k to sa improviden c e a h ... ) Convic ted o f dishones ty , or w i th issues a bout i tdisqu a li f i ed Convic ted o f crime INVOLVING MORAL TURPIT UDE What is mora l turp i tude? a n a c t o f b aseness, vil eness, depr avi ty in the priva te a nd so ci a l dut i es which a m a n owes his f e llow men , to so ci ety in gener a l , contr ary to the a cc epted a nd cus tom ary rul e o f right a nd duty between m a n a nd wom a n or condu c t contr a ry to j us t ic e , hones ty, modes ty, or good mor a ls (Herrer a , p .81) o b as t a a c t contr ary to j us t ic e , hones ty, modes ty, or good mor a ls
What are c r i mes i nvo l v i ng mora l turp i tude?
HINDI LAHAT AH! As f ar as Exe c utor or REGULAR ADM INISTRATOR is c on c erned (N/ A to spe c i a l adm i n is trator , who are d isqua li f i ed to serve as su c h ? (R78 S1) To ques t ion , f il e comment or opposi t ion to the pet i t ion , i f deni ed , then as f ar as they are con c erned , Key: b as t a m ay PANLOLOKONG INVOLVED (k a si to be Exe cutor or Adminis tr a tor , invo lves posi t ion o f trus t a nd con f iden c e) 1. est a f a
2. 3.
f a lsi f ic a t ion o f public do cuments perj ury
Ra pe? NO!!!! Ano b a ng k in a l a m a n ng r a pe sa p agiging exe cutor or a dminis tr a tor ng es t a te????!!! NOTE HOWEVER, n a a bove disqu a li f ic a t ions a pply only to a ppo intment o f REGULAR ADM INIS TRATOR, not to a ppo intment o f spe ci a l a dminis tr a tor.
(in c ase o f opposi t ion on a ppo intment/ a ppo intment o f spe ci a l a dminis tr a tor, i f deni ed , c ert ior ari is proper remedy, be c a use order o f a ppo intment is interlo cutory [R65 re l to R41 S 1])
Powers o f SA: (80 2) possess a nd ch arge o f good s, ch a tte ls, rights, credi ts, es t a te preserve the propert i es commen c e a nd m a int a in sui ts se ll only perish a bl e propert i es or propert i es ordered so ld by court p ay debts only as m ay be ordered by the court submi t inventory a nd render a ccount ing
Remova l o f Exe c utor or Adm i n is trator , GROUNDS: (Ru l e 82 S2)
negl e c t to render a ccounts w i thin 1 ye ar a nd when required by the court negl e c t to sett l e the es t a te a ccordin g to the Ru l e s negl e c t to per f orm order or j udgment o f the court or duty provided by Rul es o f Court a bsconding
Requ isi tes i n c ase o f Exe c utor or Adm i n is trator: insa ni ty, in c a p a bili ty , or unsui t a bili ty o f disch arging trus t 1. F il e Bond- required
NOT ABS OLU TE! Other ground s: 1. 2. De a th R esign a t ion , et c Is there any i ns tan c e when exe c utor adm i n is trator is exempt f rom f ili ng bond? Y ES ! Spe c i a l Adm i n is trator Ins t a n c es when a ppo inted: 1. de l ay in a ppo intment o f exe cutor or a dminis tr a tor de l ay in a ppe a ls in m a in c ase when the exe cutor or regul ar a dminis tr a tor is cl a im a nt o f the es t a te he represents Exe c utor or adm i n is trator was appo i nted , here c omes he i r , now , c an the he i r f il e pet i t i on f or appo i ntment o f h is per son as adm i n is trator ? NO!!!! Unl ess there is ground f or remova l o f exe cutor or a dminis tr a tor, di pwede b as t a m ag f il e When provided by tes t a tor in his l as t w ill a nd tes t a ment th a t f iling o f bond is not needed or
2. 3.
yung he ir ng pet i t ion f or his a ppo intment as a dminis tr a tor In c ase o f Adverse De cision- a ppe a l from the order o f a ppo intment (p ag regul ar a dminis tr a tor)
1.
When exe cutor is cross exa mined on those m a tters
Prin cipl e o f De a d M a n s S t a tute (Rul e 130 S23)re ason f or disqu a li f ic a t ion RE QUISITES (Rul e 130 S23):
Ru l e 83 INVENTORIES To be m a de w i thin not m a nd a tory period o f 3 mos from the gr a nt o f l etters tes t a ment ary or l etters o f a dminis tr a t ion (S1) Art icl es not sub j e c t : (S2) 1. 2. 3. we aring a pp are l o f surviving spouse a nd minor children m arri age bed a nd bedding provisions a nd other art icl e s as w ill ne c essarily be consumed in subsis ten c e o f the f a mily o f the de c e ased
W i tness is a o p arty or o assignor o f a p arty to a c ase o f persons in whose beh a l f a c ase is prose cuted a c t ion is aga ins t o exe cutor or o a dminis tr a tor or o other represent a t ive o f de c e ased person or o person o f unsound mind sub j e c t m a tter o f the a c t ion is o cl a im or o dem a nd aga in s t es t a te o f de c e ased person or aga ins t person o f unsound mind tes t imony re f ers to o a ny m a tter o f f a c t which o ccurred be f ore the de a th o f su ch de c e ased person or be f ore su ch person o f unsound mind
Ques t i on on renta ls. mot i on? C an i t be f il ed by mere
NO!!! Exe cutor or a dminis tr a tor mus t f il e a c t ion aga ins t l essee by w ay o f independent a c t ion be c a use property is not yet in cluded in es t a te o f de c e a sed rd o Reason why f il e a c l a i m ag a i ns t 3 person by Exe c utor or Adm i n is trator -
C an Exe c utor or Adm i n is trator be made to tes t i f y to those matters re l at i ng to exe c utor by de c eased be f ore h is death? (R e l a ted to Rul es on Eviden c e) NO!!!! B e c a use disqu a li f i ed to tes t i fy Exc ept :
Ra t ion a l e : de cl ar a nt c a nnot be cross exa mined , lips are se a l ed f orever by de a th Purpose : designed to close lips o f p arty pl a int i ff when de a th perm a nent ly closed lips o f p arty de f end a nt in order to remove from surviving p arty the tempt a t ion to give f a lse tes t imony a nd possibili ty o f f ic t i t ious cl a im s aga ins t de c e ased NOTE: W a iva bl e If tes t i f i ed to , w i th right to cro ss exa mine
If not , then w a ived
Spe c i f i c c l a i ms ag a i ns t es tate (Ru l e 86 S5): F or re covery o f money not se cured by h im Money cl a ims, debts insured by de c edent during li f et ime arising from contr a c t express or impli ed , due or not due , cont ingent or not Cl a ims f or f uner a l expenses Cl a ims f or l as t illness Judgment o f money aga ins t de c edent Cl a ims f or t axes Abso lute cl a ims Cont ingent cl a im s
Pr i n c i p l e o f Statute o f Non Cl a i ms Cl a im by a person aga ins t the es t a te o f de c e ased which should be m a de not l ess th a n 6 months nor more th a n 12 month s sin c e f irs t public a t ion o f a llow a n c e o f the w ill o Letters tes t a ment ary issued , f irs t public a t ion
A f ter su ch order, a llow cl a im a nts to f il e , or e lse , b arred f orever, EXCEPT: B e l a ted cl a ims (not cl a im not f il ed w i thin origin a l period f ixed by court , extended f or not higher th a n 1 month from order a llow ing be l a ted cl a i ms)
Cl a i ms ag a i ns t the Es tate: (re l ate to Ru l e 3 S16, Ru l e 3 S20i f d ism issed , f il e under Ru l e 86) 1. Cl a im which survives de a th a . Arising from contr a c t , express or impli ed b . Note S20 R3 in re l a t ion to Spe ci a l Pro c eedings c . M ay be cl a imed aga ins t es t a te o f the de c e ased F uner a l expense s Expenses f or l as t illness o f de c edent R111 S4- de a th a f ter arr a ignment (interre l a te the a f oresa id provision s) a . A k a LIABILITY ARISING FROM DELICT
Ques t i on reg ard i ng the person who d i ed i n a cc i dent , wh il e yung nabangg a n i ya su ff ered i n j ur i es. What is the remedy o f the l atter? F il e sui t f or d a m age s, cont in gent cl a im aga ins t the es t a te p ar a not b arred by s t a tute o f non cl a ims
How to f il e c l a i m ag a i ns t es tate: (Ru l e 86 S9) 1. F il e cl a im be f ore cl erk o f court , supported by vou chers, re c e ipts, j udgment o f the c ase S erve copy thereo f a dminis tr a tor on exe cutor or
2. 3. 4.
2.
3.
Duly supported by a ff id avi t s t a t ing a mount due a nd f a c t o f no o ffsets If cl a im is not due or cont ingent , a ccomp a ni ed by a ff id avi t s t a t i ng p art icul a rs
Crimin a l a c t ion- impli edly ins t i tuted civil a c t ion (Rul e 87 in re l a t ion to Rul e 111, de a th be f ore arr a ignment/ a f ter arr a ignment)
4.
Note in re l a t ion to R68 a k a F ore closure o f mort gage
Remed i es o f Mort g ag ee a f ter death o f mort g agor (Ru l e 86 S7): 3 remedi es, ava il 1, ex clude others n a 1. Ab a ndon or w a ive the se curi ty a nd prose cute his cl a im aga ins t the es t a te a nd sh are in the gener a l dis tri but ion o f the assets o f the es t a te F ore close his mortgage or re a lize upon his se curi ty by a c t ion in court m a k ing the exe cutor or a dminis tr a tor a p arty de f end a nt a nd i f there is a cl a im f or de f ici en cy, he m ay f il e a cont ingent cl a im aga ins t the es t a te w i thin the s t a tute o f non cl a i ms R e ly so l e ly on the mortgage a nd f ore close the sa me a t a ny t ime w i thin the period o f the s t a tute o f limi t a t ions but he c a nnot be a dmi tted as credi tor a nd sh a ll not re c e ive in the dis tribut ion o f the other assets o f the es t a te
F ore close Cont ingent cl a im o Both mus t be present to be a bl e to cl a im de f ici en cy o P ay w a l a , w a l a! P ag f ore close l a ng P ag cont ingent cl a im l a ng
A c t i ons ag a i ns t Es tate o f the de c eased (87 S1) To re cover re a l property or interes t there in from the es t a te To en f orc e li en R e covery o f d a m ages f or in j ury to pet i t ioner or property F or reviva l o f money j udgment Ac t ions f or c a use s which survive
2.
3.
How to f il e? Requ i rement s (Ru l e 87 S10) De f ici en cy o f ass ets in h a nds o f E or A De c e ased h a d m a de or a ttempted to m a k e fr a udul ent conveya n c e Sub j e c t to would be li a bl e to a tt a chment on his li f et ime E or A showed no desire to f il e a c t ion or f a il to ins t i tute the sa me w i thin a re ason a bl e t ime W i th l e ave o f court Bond f il ed Ac t ion in the n a me o f a dminis tr a tor exe cutor or
In short , 1. Ab a ndon mortgage , prose cute cl a im aga ins t es t a te R e ly so l e ly on mortgage a nd f ore close a ny t ime w i thin period o f s t a tute o f limi t a t ions F ore close mortgage , f il e cont ingent cl a im aga ins t es t a te o f de c e ased to be a bl e to cl a im de f ici en cy a . P ag f ore close l a ng, a nd no cont ingent cl a im i . BARRED FROM CLAI M ING DEFICIENCY! d a p a t , f ore close p l us f il e cont ingent cl a im to be ent i t l ed to de f ici en cy
2.
3.
Hen c e , loo k a t the probl em:
A c t i ons to be f il ed by exe c utor or adm i n is trator ag a i ns t th i rd person f or es tate o f de c eased: P erson suspe c ted o f h avi ng conveyed property, ask third person to a ppe ar be f ore i t a nd exa mine h im (87 6) To re cover property, rights, interes ts, debts, where there is de f ici en cy or assets in the h a nds o f E or A (87 9) Ask third person w i th port ion o f es t a te o f de c e ased to render f ull a ccount ing o f money, goods, ch a tte l , et c
Not ic e w i th the purpos e o f not i fying subsequent buyers in c ase o f t i t l e to or possession o f re a l property
Is not i c e o f lis pendens needed to se c ure? NO NEED!!! Property is a lre a dy in cluded in sett l ement , se cured by prob a te court the
Sa l e , En c umbran c e o f Property o f Es tate: (Ru l e 89)(no property o f es t a te m ay be so ld w i thout court a pprova l) 1. 2. P et i t ion be f ore the court by E or A Not ic e to he irs, devisees, l ega tees Court a pprova l o f sa l e o f property o f es t a te a . P ag w a l a , b a w a l
Cond i t i ons f or payment o f Cl a i ms (Ru l e 88) Order by court o f sa l e or exch a nge , pro c eeds to sa t isfy debts a nd expenses Exh a us t person a l property o f de c e ased , then the re a l ty , in the f o llow i ng ins t a n c es: o o P erson a l es t a te not su ff ici ent f or th a t purpose Sa l e o f person a l ty to the detriment o f p art icip a nts
3.
Hen c e , Exe cutor or Adminis tr a tor c a nnot j us t enter into compromise a greements 4. Court order to se ll re a l ty to p ay debts a nd l ega ci es
C ase f il ed ag a i ns t Exe c utor or adm i n is trator i n another c ourt , and w i thout c onsent o f the probate c ourt , the exe c utor or adm i n is trator entered i nto c omprom ise agreement . P wede? NO!!! F il e cl a im aga ins t es t a te o f de c e a sed mun a , a nd th a t is the only t ime th a t the compromise c a n be a pproved by the prob a te court
NOTE: Credi tors c a n s top the sa l e by giving bond f ixed by the court to p a y debts a nd l ega ci es When sa l e o f property o f de c edent may be e ff e c ted/ i ns tan c es /requ i rement s: (Ru l e 89) P erson a l es t a te (S 1) o P ay debts a nd expenses o f a dminis tr a t ion o P ay l ega ci es o Cover expenses f or preserva t i on o f the es t a te R e a l Es t a te (S2)
Not i c e o f lis pendens -
o o o
P erson a l es t a te insu ff ici ent to p ay obliga t ions Sa l e o f person a l es t a te m ay in j ure business Tes t a tor h as not m a de su ff ici ent provisions f or p ayment o f debts, l ega ci es, expenses De c e ased is under contr a c t to deed re a l property to bene f ici ar i es
(E) ESCHEAT (Ru l e 91)
What is esc heat ? Pro c eedings whereby a de c edent who di ed intes t a te (w i thout w ill), a nd w i thout he irs, but l e f t property, the l a tter sh a ll be come property o f the es t a te upon his de a th
(S4) o o When bene f ici a l to he irs, devisees, l ega tees, interes ted persons Es t a te o f de c e ased in f ore ign country is not su ff ici ent to p ay debts a nd expenses
Is i t the same as reversi on (R91 S5)? NO o The essen c e , however, is the sa me , but , reversion is f il ed by s t a te to re cover property o f a person unl a w f ully a cquired in vio l a t i on o f the Cons t i tut ion , AM LA , Plunder La w , or the Ant i Gr a f t l a w
(S6) o Es t a te a cquired on exe cut ion or f ore closure sa l e when bene f ici a l to he irs, devisees, l ega tees, other interes ted person s R91 S1- esche a t
Exe c utor or adm i n is trator , i n c ase o f sa l e , is requ i red to f il e wr i tten pet i t i on sett i ng f orth: (R89 S7) Debts due from s ett l ement Expenses o f a dminis tr a t ion Lega ci es V a lue o f person a l es t a te Si tu a t ion o f es t a te Other f a c ts show ing sa l e as ne c essary or bene f ici a l
By veri f i ed pet i t ion f il ed by So l R epresent a t ive , s t a t in g the ff m a tters: -
Gen
or
De c edent di ed intes t a te No he irs or persons by l a w ent i t l ed to the sa me De c edent l e f t re a l or person a l propert i es De c edent is a resident o f the provin c e o f l as t residen c e or i f a non resident , h as property in the court s j urisdic t ion
Rul e 91 S2 He aring to be condu c ted not higher th a n 6 months from entry o f order, copy o f order to be published on c e a wee k f or 6 conse cut i ve wee ks in a newsp a per o f gener a l circul a t ion Rul e 91 S3 Eff e c ts o f de cl ar a t ion o f Esche a t : R esident de c edent
Requ i rement f or advan c ed d is tr i but i on o f property: Ru l e 90 S1 Dis tributee to give bond condi t ioned f or p ayment o f debts, f uner a l expens es, expenses f or a dminis tr a t ion , a llow a n c e o f w idow , inheri t a n c e t ax
P erson a l es t a te to be assigned to municip a li ty or ci ty o f l as t re siden c e R e a l es t a te to be assigned to municip a li ty or ci ty where i t m ay be f ound
(G) GUARDIANSHIP (Ru l es 92-97, Guard i ansh i p o f In c ompetent s; AM 32-5, Guard i ansh i p o f M i nors)
Non resident de c edent Who l e es t a te to be assigned to municip a li ty or ci ty where f ound , f or bene f i t o f public schoo ls a nd ch ari t a bl e ins t i tut ions a nd c enters in sa id ci t i e s or municip a li t i es
What is guard i ansh i p ? Spe ci a l pro c eeding whereby the property o f the w ard is a dminis tered by a person a ppo inted by the court
NOTE: Expropri a t ion- di ff erent from esche a t a nd revesion (S ee note s on civil pro c edure)
Guard i an Jur isd i c t i on / Venue o f Esc heat pro c eed i ngs: RTC or M TC (depends upon gross va lue o f the e s t a te) o f the pl a c e where the de c edent l as t resided be f ore his de a th or i f a non resident , where his es t a te is si tu a ted (Rul e 91 S1) A person a ppo inted by court or by l a w to a dminis ter the property o f the w ard
Jur isd i c t i on and Venue: In c ase o f Gu ardi a n ship o f m i nor : (AM 3-2-5 S3)
Escheat Decedent died without a will, no heirs, but with property
Expropriation Payment of just compensation
Reversion Concerns property for public use
F a mily Court where the minor a c tu a lly resides or where the property si tu a ted i f non-resident minor (in re l a t i on to RA 8369 a k a F a mily Court s Ac t o f 1997)
In c ase o f Gu ardi a n ship o f i n c ompetent: (Rul e 92 S1) Remed i es o f he i r un l aw f u ll y depr i ved (f il e w i th i n 5 years f rom j udgment or e lse , f orever barred): 1. 2. R e cover the propert i es esche a ted from the ci ty or municip a li ty R e cover pro c eed s o f the sa l e o f the property from the ci ty or municip a li ty (i f so ld by the ci ty or municip a li ty) RTC o f the pl a c e o f residen c e o f in competent person or i f a resident o f a f ore ign country, where the property or port ion thereo f is si tu a ted
Who may pet i t i on f or guard i ansh i p? In c ase o f m i nor : (f or purpos e o f m a n aging a ff a irs or propert i es) S2, AM 03-02-05-SC 1. R e l a t ive P arent Gu ardi a n
In c ase o f adverse de c isi on on esc heat , Remedy: APPEAL (R e cord on Appe a l 30 d ays- re l a te to Rul es 40 a nd 41)
2. 3.
Brother or sis ter Other person in beh a l f o f minor Ac tu a l cus todi a n M inor himse l f , i f he is 14 ye ars o f age or over
Who are m i nors? In c ompetent s? M i nors: Any person be low 18 ye ars o f age In c ompetent s: Su ff ering from civil interdic t ion Hospi t a lized l epers Prodiga ls De a f a nd dumb who are un a bl e to re a d a nd wri te O f unsound mind , even though w i th lu cid interva l Not o f unsound mind , but by re ason o f age , dise ase , we a k mind , other simil ar dise ases, c a nnot t a k e c are o f the property w i thout outside a id , be coming a n e asy prey to de c e i t a nd explo i t a t ion
In c ase o f i n c ompetent : Rul e 93 S1 (i f in competent is a resi dent ) 1. 2. 3. 4. R e l a t ive F ri end Other person in beh a l f o f a n in competent who h as no p arents or l a w f ul gu ardi a n S e cret ary o f He a l th in c ase o f insa ne person who should be hospi t a lized or in f avour o f a n iso l a ted l eper
Rul e 93 S6 (i f in competent is a non resi dent ) 1. 2. 3. 4. R e l a t ive F ri end o f su ch per son Any person interes ted in his es t a te , in expe c t a n cy or otherw ise S e cret ary o f He a l th in c ase o f insa ne minor who needs to be hospi t a lized
Who c an be guard i ans o f a m i nor? (S16, Rul es on Gu a rdi a nship o f minors) P arents Surviving gr a ndp arents or i f sever a l , court to se l e c t t a k ing into a ccount a ll re l eva nt consider a t ions O ldes t brother or sis ter, Ac tu a l cus todi a n , o In the l a tter 2, higher th a n 21 y o , unl ess un f i t or disqu a li f i ed
Note th a t pursu a nt to the Domes t ic Adopt ion Ac t (S7 DAA), the w ard m ay be a dopted by the Gu ardi a n a f ter termin a t ion o f Gu ardi a nship
Ki nds o f Guard i ans 1. 2. Natura l Guard i an - p arents o f w ard Guard i an ad li tem- a ppo inted f or spe ci f ic purpose Jud i c i a l Guard i an - a ppo inted to m a n age a ff a irs or propert i es o f the w a rd
3.
Any other person the court m ay deem su ff ici ent
Dut i es o f a guard i an: Give bond R ender inventory F a i th f ully exe cute dut i es o f tru s t R ender a ccount in g o f es t a te a nd interes ts S ett l e debts De liver es t a te , e ff e c ts, moneys to persons l a w f ully ent i t l ed thereto P er f orm a ll orders o f the court required by him to be per f ormed Care a nd cus tody o f w ard , m a n agement o f es t a te , or both P ay debts o f w ard out o f person a l property or in come o f re a l property S ett l e a ll a ccounts, sue f or, re c e ive debts w i th court a pprova l Appe ar f or a nd represent w ard in a ll a c t ion s a nd spe ci a l pro c eedings M a n age es t a te o f w ard w i thout w as te , a pply in come a nd pro f i ts f or bes t interes ts o f the w ard If in come is insu ff ici ent f or purposes, se ll or en cumber re a l es t a te when a uthorized by court to do so , a pply pro c eeds f or m a inten a n c e o f the w ard
If bene f ici a l to w ard , order sa l e , pro c eeds f or m a inten a n c e o f w ard a nd f a mily o Spe ci fy c a use why sa l e is bene f ici a l , order es t a te to be so ld a t priva te or public sa l e Origin a l bond to s t a nd as se curi ty f or property a ppropri a ted w i th pro c eeds, but j udge m ay require a ddi t ion a l bond as condi t ion f or gr a nt ing pro c eeds o f the sa l e Court to inves t pro c eeds o f sa l es a nd en cumbr a n c es o
Grounds f or term i nat i on o f Guard i ansh i p: (S25- M inors) W ard h as come o f ag e , W ard di ed
(97 1- In competents) Competen cy determined of w ard is j udici a lly
Requ i rement s f or sa l e or d isposi t i on o f propert i es o f the ward: AM 3-2-5 (minors); Rul e 95 (in competents) Veri f i ed pet i t ion s t a t ing: o In come o f es t a te su ff ici ent f or m a inten a n c e o f w ard o F or bene f i t o f w ard th a t re a l es t a te be so ld a nd pro c eeds used If sa l e bene f ici a l to w ard , court to order nex t o f k in a nd other persons to a ppe ar a nd show c a use why pr ayer should not be gr a nted He aring o f proo fs a nd a ll ega t ions, re f use or gr a nt pr ayer -
Gu ardi a nship is no longer ne c essary De a th o f gu ard i a n De a th o f w ard
Grounds f or remova l /resignat i on o f guard i an: (S24- M inors; (97 2-In competents) Gu ardi a n be comes insa ne , or otherw ise in c a p a bl e o f d isch arging his tru s t Gu ardi a n be comes unsui t a bl e W as ted or mism a n ag ed w ard s propert i es
F a il ed to render a ccount ing or m a k e a return f or 30 d a ys when due
In c ase o f children be low 7 ye ars o ld , cus tody mus t be given to the mother exc ept i f the mother is un f i t be c a use o f immor a li ty
Remed i es i n c ase o f m ismanag ement o f propert i es: (S24- M inor; 97 2- In competent) Ask court f or remova l o f gu ard i a n R equire gu ardi a n to surrender propert i es o f w ard to person l a w f ully ent i t l ed thereto W ard c a n ask f or resign a t ion o f gu ardi a n Who may f il e pet i t i on f or c us tody o f m i nor s? S2, AM 03-04-04-SC Any person cl a iming su ch right , su ch as: (S13) 1. 2. Both p arent s j o int ly Ei ther p arent , t a k ing into a ccount a ll re l eva nt consider a t ions, espe ci a lly the cho ic e o f the minor over 7 ye ars o f age a nd o f su ff ici ent disc ernment , unl ess the p arent chosen is un f i t Gr a ndp arent , or i f sever a l gr a ndp arents, gr a ndp arent chosen by the minor over 7 ye ars o f age a nd o f su ff ici ent disc ernment , unl ess the gr a ndp arent chosen is un f i t or disqu a li f i ed Eldes t brother or sis ter over 21 ye ars o f ag e , unl ess he or she is un f i t or disqu a li f i ed Ac tu a l cus todi a n o f the minor over 21 ye ars o f age , unl ess the f ormer is un f i t or disqu a li f i ed Any other person or ins t i tut ion the court m ay deem sui t a bl e to provide proper c are a nd guid a n c e f or the minor
CUSTODY O F M INORS IN RELATION TO HABEAS C ORPUS 3. AM 3-4-4-SC
The remedy o f H a be as Corpu s is ava il a bl e in issues regarding as to who between 2 persons (usu a lly, spouses) is ent i t l ed to h ave cu s tody over a child F il e h a be as corpu s in su ch c ase
4. 5.
Dis t inguish this from Rul e 102, be c a use in Cus tody o f M inors in re l a t ion to h a be a s corpus, the issue is spe ci f ic , whil e H a be a s Corpu s under Rul e 102 ex tends to a ll c as es o f ill ega l c on f inement
6.
Jur isd i c t i on/Venue: (S3) F a mily Court o f the pl a c e where the minor reside s (NOTE: Ca n a lso be f il ed w i th M TC, RTC, CA , SC [?]) Grounds f or den i a l o f P et i t i on: Exis t ing thre a t or d a nger o f physic a l , ment a l , sexu a l , emot ion a l vio l a t ions Pre j udici a l to he a l th , sa f ety, we l f are P et i t ioner w i th his tory o f child or spousa l a buse
Mother and grandparent s, or husband and w i f e . Who has better r ight to c us tody o f the c h il d? -
H a bi tu a l a lcoho lism or drug a ddic t ion M ari t a l miscondu c t Un f i tness o f pet i t ioner
Trus t A con f iden c e imposed in one person , c a ll ed the trus tee , f or the bene f i t o f a nother, c a ll ed the c es tui que trus t , w i th respe c t to property he ld by the f ormer f or the bene f i t o f the l a tter o W ill by trus tor- trus tee to ho ld property f or bene f ici ary WILLL W T, wri tten do cument
Prote c t ion orders: (S17) requiring a ny person , 1. To s t ay a w ay from home , schoo l , business or pl a c e o f employment o f the minor, other p arent , or a ny other p arty, or from a ny other spe ci f ic pl a c e de sign a ted by the court To c e ase a nd desis t from h ar assing, int imid a t ing, or thre a tening su ch minor or the other p arent or a ny person to whom cus tody o f the minor is a w arded To re fr a in from a c ts o f commission or omission th a t cre a te a n unre ason a bl e risk to the he a l th , sa f ety, or we l f are o f the minor To permi t a p arent , or a p arty ent i t l ed to visi t a t ion by a court order or a sep ar a t ion agreement , to visi t the minor a t s t a ted periods To permi t a design a ted p arty to enter the residen c e during a spe ci f i ed period o f t ime in order to t a k e person a l be longings not contes ted in a pro c eeding pend ing w i th the F a mily Court To comply w i th su ch orders as are ne c essary f or the prote c t ion o f the minor
Here , there is trus tor, trus tee , bene f ici ary, the trus tee to per f orm a c ts in the w ill o f the trus tor f or the bene f ici ary Jur isd i c t i on/Venue: (Rul e 98 S1) M TC or RTC depending on the gross va lue o f the es t a te o f the pl a c e where the w ill is prob a ted , or i f a non-resident , where the es t a te is f ound
2.
3.
4.
Elements constituting a Trust: (De Leon, p. 664) 1. 2. 3. Competent trustor and trustee Ascertainable trust res Sufficiently certain beneficiaries
5.
6.
Requ isi tes f or trus teesh i p: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Trus t reposed between trus tor a nd tru s tee W i th su ff ici ent ly c ert a in bene f ici ari e s Trus t res / sub j e c t m a tter Ac t to be per f ormed by tru s tee B ene f ici ary Work o f trus tor cre a t ing trus teeship
(in clude those provision a l remedi es under Rul es 5761 o f the Rul es o f Court)
(T) TRUSTEESHIP (Ru l e 98)
Illus tr a t ion: f a ther (trus tor) depo si ts money f or son in b a n k , b a n k be ing the tru s tee . Ba n k c a nnot re l e ase the pro c eeds to the son (bene f ici ary) the money unt il he turns 20 ye ars o ld .
(A) ADO PTION (RA 8552- DAA; RA8043- ICAA; AM 2-6-2- Ru l es on Adopt i on) Adopt i on A j uridic a l a c t , pro c eeding in rem , which cre a tes between 2 person s a re l a t ionship simil ar to th a t which resul ts from l egi t im a te p a terni ty a nd f ili a t ion 2. -
EXCEPT: If a dopter is bio logic a l p arent o f a doptee If a dopter is the spouse o f the a dopt ive p arent In a posi t ion to support a nd c are f or his or her children in k eeping w i th the me a ns o f the f a mily o Ali en Possessing the sa me qu a li f ic a t ions as F ilipino n a t ion a ls His or her country h as diplom a t ic re l a t ions w i th the R epub lic o f the Philippines Living in the Philippine s f or a t l e as t 3 cont inuous ye ars prior to the f iling o f the pet i t ion f or a dopt ion a nd m a int a ins su ch residen c e unt il the a dopt ion de cree is entered o EXCEPT: If a dopter is f ormer F ilipino ci t izen see k ing to th a dopt re l a t ive w i thin 4 civil degree of consa nguini ty or a ff ini ty Adopter see ks to a dopt LC o f F ilipino spous e
Ki nds o f adopt i on: 1. 2. Domes t ic Adopt ion (governed by RA 8552) Inter Country Adopt ion (governed by RA 8043)
Jur isd i c t i on / Venue 1. 2. DA- F a mily court where the a dopt ive p arents reside ICA- ICAB or the F a mily Court where the minor resides
Who may adopt ? Requ i rement s? Who may be adopted ? DAA 1. F ilipino Ci t izen O f l ega l ag e In possession o f f ull civil c a p a ci ty a nd l ega l rights O f good mor a l ch a r a c ter Not convic ted o f a ny crime invo lving mor a l turpi tude Emot ion a lly a nd psycho logic a lly c a p a bl e o f c aring f or children At l e as t 16 ye ars o lder th a n a doptee
M arri ed to F ilipino ci t izen a nd see ks to a dopt j o int ly w i th his or her spouse a re l a t ive w i thin th the 4 civil degree o f consa n guini ty or a ff ini t5y o f F ilipino spous e Cert i f i ed by his or her diplom a t ic or consul ar o ff ic e or a ny a ppropri a te agen cy th a t he or she h as l ega l c a p a ci ty to a dopt in his or her country o EXCEPT: If a dopter is f ormer F ilipino ci t izen see k ing to th a dopt re l a t ive w i thin 4 civil degree of consa nguini ty or a ff ini ty Adopter see ks to a dopt LC o f F ilipino spous e
M arri ed to F ilipino ci t izen a nd see ks to a dopt j o int ly w i th his or her spouse a th re l a t ive w i thin the 4 civil degree o f consa n guini ty or a ff ini t5y o f F ilipino spouse His or her government a llow s the a doptee to enter his or her country as his or her a dopted son or d a u ghter Gu ardi a n W i th respe c t to w ard a f ter termin a t ion o f gu ardi a nship a nd cl e ar a n c e o f his or her f in a n ci a l a ccount a bili t i es
In a posi t ion to provide the proper c are a nd support to give the ne c essary mor a l va lues a nd exa mpl e to a ll his children in cluding the child to be a dopted Agrees to upho ld b asic rights o f the child as embodi ed under Philippine l a ws, UN Convent ion on the Rights o f the Child , a nd to a bide by the rul es a nd regul a t ions issued to impl ement the provisions o f this Ac t Comes from a country w i th whom the Philippines h as diplom a t ic re l a t ions, a nd whose government m a int a in s a simil arly a uthorized a nd a ccredi ted agen cy a nd th a t a dopt ion is a llowed under his or her n a t ion a l l a ws Possesses a ll the qu a li f ic a t ions a nd none o f the d isqu a li f ic a t ions provided there in a nd in other a pp lic a bl e Philippine l a ws
3. -
ICAA 1. 2. Ali en perm a nent ly residing a bro a d F ilipino ci t izen perm a nent ly residing a bro a d At l e as t 27 ye ars o f age a nd a t l e as t 16 ye ars o lder th a n child to be a dopted a t the t ime o f the a pplic a t ion unl ess o Adopter is p arent by n a ture o f child to be a dopted If m arri ed , h is or her spouse mus t j o int ly f il e f or the a dopt ion H as c a p a ci ty to a c t a nd assume a ll rights a nd responsibili t i es o f p arent a l a uthori ty under his n a t ion a l l a ws a nd h as undergone a ppropri a te counse lling from a n a ccredi ted counse llor in his or her country Not convic ted o f crime invo lving mor a l turpi tude Is e ligibl e to a dopt under his or her n a t ion a l law
Who may be adopted? DAA 1. Any person be low 18 ye ars o f age who h as been a dminis tr a t ive ly a nd j udici a lly de cl ared ava il a bl e f or a dopt ion Legi t im a te son or d a ughter o f one spouse by the other spouse Ill egi t im a te son or d a ughter by a qu a li f i ed a dopter to improve his or her s t a tus to th a t o f l e gi t i m a cy P erson o f l ega l age i f , prior to the a dopt ion , sa id person h as consis tent ly been considered a nd tre a ted by the a dopters as his or her own ch ild sin c e minori ty Child whose a dopt ion h as been previou sly rescinded
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Child whose bio lo gic a l or a dopt ive p arent s di ed , provided , th a t no pro c eedings sh a ll be ini t i a ted w i thin 6 months from t ime o f de a th o f sa id p arents
period of at least 6 continuous months and has been judicially declared as such
Neglected Child- iniiwan sa bahay bahay, sa tapat ng gate (unsure if pertaining to this or to abandoned child) ICAA 1. Only a l ega lly free child a child whose basic needs have been deliberately not attended to or inadequately attended to, physically or emotionally, by his parents or guardian
Notes: Corre c t ion o f simul a ted birth m ay be simul t a neously w i th pet i t ion f or a dopt ion f il ed Voluntarily committed child a child whose parents knowingly and willingly relinquish parental authority over him in favour of the Department
Si mu l ated Bi rth (note: cr i me to) Sa c ert i f ic a te o f live birth , inil agay , hindi a n g bio logic a l p arents Hen c e , in corre c t ion o f simul a ted birth , m a k e the corre c t ion s o Involuntarily committed child- mga asa Boys Town a child whose parents, known or unknown, have been permanently and judicially deprived of parental authority over him due to abandonment; substantial, continuous, or repeated neglect and abuse; or incompetence to discharge parental authorities
Sa me is true w i th ch a ng e o f n a me which c a n a lso be f il ed simul t a neously w i th pet i t ion f or a dopt ion .
Who are the following? Abandoned Child Neglected Child Voluntarily Committed Child Involuntarily Committed Child Dependent Child
Dependent Child one who is without a parent, guardian, or custodian or one whose parents, guardian, or other custodian for good cause desires to be relieved of his care and custody and is dependent upon the public for support
Eff e c t o f adopt i on de cree : Adoptee w ill use surn a me o f a dopt ive p arents Ent i t l e a doptee to su cc ession a l rights, equiva l ent to l egi t im a te child Gr a nt a doptee rights a nd privil eges o f l egi t im a te child
Section 3 of the Rules on Adoption (AM 02-06-02) provides for the following definitions: Abandoned Child a child who has no proper parental care or guardianship or whose parents, guardian, or whose parents have deserted him for a
IF a dopt ion is rescinded (see be low), then revert b a c k to o ld s t a tus be f ore a dopt ion de cree
Annexes to pet i t ion f or ICA: 1. 2. Wri tten a nd o ff ici a lly tr a nsl a ted in En glish: Birth c ert i f ic a te o f pet i t ioner M arri age contr a c t , or, i f not m arri ed a nymore , divorc e de cree or j udgment disso lving the m arr i age Sworn s t a tement o f consent o f pet i t ioner s bio logic a l or a dopted children under 10 ye ars o f age Physic a l , medic a l , psycho logic a l eva lu a t ion o f pet i t ioner duly c ert i f i ed by duly lic ensed physici a n a nd psycho lo gis t ITR or a ny do cument show ing current f in a n ci a l c a p a b ili ty o f pet i t ioner Po lic e cl e ar a n c e o f pet i t ioner issued w i thin 6 months f o llow ing f iling o f pet i t ion Ch ar a c ter re f eren c e from lo c a l church / minis ter, pet i t ioners employer a nd a member o f the immedi a te communi ty who h ave k nown pet i t ioner f or a t l e as t 5 ye ars F ull body pos t c ard size pic tures o f pet i t ioner a nd his immedi a te f a mily t a k en a t l e as t 6 months be f ore the f iling o f the pet i t ion
Abandoned / Negl e c ted Ch il d B e f ore , f il e pet i t ion f or de cl ar a t ion o f a b a ndonment Ngayon , de cl ar a t ion o f a b a ndonment together w i th a dopt ion m ay be f il ed in one pet i t ion
3.
NOTE th a t in a dopt ion : BEST INTERESTS / WELF ARE O F THE CHILD P et i t ioner needs to prove he is physic a lly, ment a lly, f in a n ci a lly c a p a bl e to a dopt A person o f l ega l age c a n be a dopted In c ase o f a dopt ion o f minor, Bio logic a l p arent to issue a ff id avi t o f consent w i thout which the pet i t ion f or a dopt ion sh a ll not be a llowed Ca n a lso j o in in pet i t ion f or a dopt ion , pet i t ion f or ch a nge o f n a me design a ted by minor, using surn a me o f a dopt ive p arent s s t a te in the pet i t ion
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Inter Country Adopt ion Import a nt th a t there be diplom a t ic t i es between the 2 countri e s, or e lse , pet i t ion c a nnot be gr a nted
(R) RESCISSION/REVO CATION O F ADO PTION
ICAB Under the O ff ic e o f the President / DS WD o Asa Legard a / Mendio l a , M a n il a Grounds: 1.
(RA 8552- DAA)
R epe a ted physic a l or verb a l m a l tre a tment by a dopter despi te h aving undergone counse lling
2. 3. 4.
Attempt on li f e o f a doptee S exu a l assa ul t or vio l en c e on the a doptee Ab a ndonment or f a ilure to comply w i th p arent a l ob liga t ions
What then c an be the remedy o f adopt i ve parent s? Disinheri t the a doptee
Jur isd i c t i on / Venue: F a mily Court which rendered de cree o f a dopt ion
(H) HO SPITALIZATION O F INSANE PERSONS (Ru l e 101)
Who may f il e? (ONLY the ADOPTEE) Adoptee a bove 18 y o If a minor, w i th DS WD assis t a n c e If higher th a n 18, but in c a p a ci t a ted , assis ted by gu ard i a n or counse l (p ag n a k a k i t a k ayo ng tum a t a w a m ag isa a t w a l a ng d a hil a n , a l a m nyo n a a ng gaga w in)
Jur isd i c t i on / venue: RTC o f the pl a c e where the in sa ne m ay be f ound
When f il ed? W i thin 5 ye ars a f ter re a ching age o f m a j ori ty or i f in c a p a ci t a ted a t the t ime o f a dopt ion , w i thin 5 ye ars a f ter re covering from the in competen cy Who may f il e? R egion a l Dire c tor o f DOH
Eff e c t s o f Resc issi on or Revo c at i on o f Adopt i on: 1. 2. 3. 4. R e ins t a te f ormer n a me or surn a me R e ins t a te f ormer su cc ession right s All rights a nd privil eges gr a nted by a dopt ion w ill be removed P a terni ty a nd f ili a t ion re l a t ionship cre a ted between a dopter a nd a doptee sh a ll li k ew ise be removed
Hospitalization of Insane Persons Governed by Rule 101 Special proceeding File a petition Filed by Regional Director of DOH
Physical and Mental examination of persons Governed by Rule 28 Mode of discovery File a motion Any party may avail of
In hospi t a liza t ion o f insa ne , w a l a ng issue , sir a ulo l a ng t a l aga; sa P M E , issue is s u ch P M E
C an adopt i ve adopt i on?
parent s f il e
f or resc issi on
of Insane P erson A person whose condi t ion o f the mind is so imp a ired in f un c t ion or so der a nged as to
NO! B e c a u se a dopt ion is f or the bes t interes ts o f the a doptee
indu c e a devi a t ion from norm a l condu c t o f the person so a ff lic ted
C ONSTITUTIONAL BA SIS: A8 S5 P5 The Supreme Court sh a ll promulga te rul es c on c ern i ng the prote c t i on and en f orc ement o f c ons t i tut i ona l r ight s, pl e a ding, pr a c t ic e , a nd pro c edure in a ll courts, the a dmission to the pr a c t ic e o f l a w , the IBP, a nd l ega l assis t a n c e to the underprivil eged . Su ch rul e s sh a ll provide a simpli f i ed a nd inexpensive pro c edure f or the speedy disposi t ion o f c ases, sh a ll be uni f orm f or a ll court s o f the sa me gr a de , a nd sh a ll not diminish , in cre ase , or modi fy subs t a nt i ve rights. Rul es o f pro c edure o f spe ci a l courts a nd qu asi j udici a l bodi es sh a ll rem a in e ff e c t ive unl ess disa pproved by the Supreme Court . A3 S15 The privil ege o f the wri t o f h a be as corpus sh a ll not be suspended exc ept in c ases o f invasion or rebe llion or when public sa f ety requires i t . A7 S18 P3 The Supreme Court m ay revi ew , in a n a ppropri a te pro c eeding f il ed by a ny ci t izen , the su ff ici en cy o f the f a c tu a l b asis o f the pro cl a m a t ion o f m art i a l l a w or the suspension o f the privil ege o f the wri t or the ex tension thereo f , a nd mus t promulga te i ts de cision w i thin 30 d ays from i t s f iling.
Eff e c t o f grant i n g pet i t i on: R101 S3 Upon sa t isf a c tory proo f , in open court on the d a te f ixed in the order, th a t the commi tment a ppli ed f or is f or the public we l f are or f or the we l f are o f the insa ne person , a nd th a t his re l a t ives are un a bl e f or a ny re ason to t a k e proper cus tody a nd c are f or h im , The court sh a ll order his commi tment to su ch hospi t a l or other pl a c e f or the insa ne as m ay be re commended by the Dire c tor o f He a l th The court sh a ll m a k e proper provisions f or the cus tody o f property or money be longing to the insa ne unt il a gu ardi a n be properly a ppo inted
Adverse de c isi on , remedy: R e cord o f a ppe a l w i th in 30 d a ys from not ic e o f j udgment or f in a l order
(H) HABEAS C ORPU S (Ru l e 102) + WRIT O F AM P ARO (AM 7-9-12-SC) + WRIT O F HABEAS DATA (AM 8-1-16-SC) What is WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS? Bouviers Law Dictionary defined it as a writ directed to the person detaining another and commanding him to produce the body of the prisoner at a certain time and place, with the day and cause of his caption and Habeas Corpus / Wr i t o f Habeas C orpus: Habeas Corpus is a Latin phrase which literally means, you have the body (Festin, Special Proceedings, p. 146)
detention, to do, submit to, and receive whatsoever the court or judge awarding the writ shall consider in that behalf. (Beda Memory Aid in Remedial Law, p. 172)
When c an the wr i t o f habeas c orpu s not be issued? 1. When det a ined under l a w f ul c a use In c ase o f invasion or rebe llion or when public sa f ety requires i t , under A3 S15 o f 1987 Cons t i tut ion When in c ase o f invasion or rebe llion , when public sa f ety requires i t , f or a period not exc eeding 60 d ays, under A7 S18, 1987 Cons t i tut ion If j urisdic t ion o f the court to try the person det a ined a ppe ars a f ter the wr i t is a llowed If the person is in cus tody o f a n o ff ic er under pro c ess issued by a court or by virtue o f a j udgment or order o f a court o f re cord which h as j urisdic t ion to issue the pro c ess, render the j ud gment , or m a k e the order If the person is ch arged or convic ted o f a n o ff ense in the Philippines If the person is su ff ering imprisonment under l a w f ul j udgment In c ase o f 3 d ay detent ion o f a suspe c t f or 3 d ays w i thout ch arge , pursu a nt to S18 o f RA93712 a k a Hum a n S e curi ty Ac t When person is serving f in a l senten c e imposed by court
JURISDICTION/V ENUE o f HABEAS C ORPUS: RTC o f the pl a c e where the det a ined is commi tted *M TC (see a bove venue) in the event o f a bsen c e o f a ll RTC Judges in the pl a c e , or i f there is no RTC in th a t pl a c e o In the a bove 2, en f orc e a bl e only w i thin the ir respe c t ive terri tori a l j urisdic t ions o R eturn a bl e in RTC CA Supreme Court o In the higher 2 court s, en f orc e a bl e throughout the Ph ils o R eturn a bl e in CA , SC, a ny j us t ic e or in RTC Sa ndiga nb aya n o P erson det a ining is a public o ff ici a l
2.
3.
4.
5.
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7.
8. Note the dis t in c t ion s between the HC, Amp aro , Da t a! (2009 Bar) (SEE ATTAC M ENTS) 9.
Wr i t o f Habeas Corpu s, under Ru l e 102, app li es to a ll k i nds o f ill eg a l res tra i nt (A CTUAL RESTRAINT) 1. 2. 3. Ill ega l detent ion (detent ion w i thout c a use) Detent ion under inva lid l a w S ervic e o f senten c e in exc ess o f wh a t the l a w imposes
Note th a t wri t o f H a be a s Corpus is a k ind o f a mp aro amparo li bertad B e c a use i t is f or the prote c t ion o f person a l freedom / cons t i tut ion a l right aga ins t ill ega l con f inement
(Di ff erent i a te from AM 3-4-4)
Amparo / Wr i t o f Amparo (as d i ff erent i ated f rom wr i t o f Habeas Corpus as amparo) The cons t i tut ion a l remedy in c ase o f vio l a t ion or a ttempted vio l a t ion to right to li f e , liberty, se curi ty, commi tted by public o ff ici a l or employee , or a priva te individu a l or ent i ty
Amparo for the protection of personal freedoms, equivalent to the writ of habeas corpus Amparo Contra Leyes / Constitutionality Amparo Amparo for the judicial constitutionality of statutes review of
2.
Habeas Data Cons t i tut ion a l remedy aga ins t vio l a t ion o f right to li f e , liberty, or property o f a person , commi tted by person or government o ff ici a l t ask ed w i th co ll e c t ion o f in f orm a t ion or da t a
3. -
Amparo Casacion / Judicial Amparo Amparo for the judicial review of the constitutionality of a judicial decisions made by courts Amparo administrativo / Administrative Amparo Amparo for the judicial review administrative decisions made administrative bodies Amparo Agrario / Agrarian Amparo Amparo for the protection of peasants rights derived from the agrarian reform laws / processes of by
4.
Remedy i n c ase o f advers e de c isi on i n Habeas Corpu s Appe a l w i thin 48 HOURS!!! Note th a t regarding this m a tter, origin a lly, the Rul es o f Court says nothing. In the subsequent c ase o f Hui vs Rodriguez, the period be c a me 15 d ays from not ic e o f j udgment . But in a SC reso lut ion d a ted Ja nu ary 21, 2001, Rul e 41 S3 w as a mended , a nd the 48 hour period w as s t a ted . NOTE: Even i f there is de f e c t in f orm a nd subs t a n c e in pet i t ion f or h a be as corpus, OK LANG ... be c a us e li f e , liberty is a t s t a k e
5. -
Origin o f a mp aro : Yu c a t a n , Mexico , 1941 ( to prote c t as s t a ted in the Mexic a n Cons t i tut ion) Mexico , 1941 S t a ted in the Mexic a n Cons t i tut ion , which me a ns to prote c t
Remedy i n c ase o f advers e de c isi on i n wr i t o f amparo / wr i t o f habeas data P et i t ion f or revi ew under Rul e 45 r a ising ques t ion s o f f a c t or ques t ions o f l a w , w i thin 5 work in g d ays
P et i t i on f or wr i t o f amparo: R equirements: S5- Content s o f the pet i t ion
What are the k i nds o f amparo? 1. Amparo Libertad / Liberty Amparo
The pet i t ion sh a ll be signed a nd veri f i ed a nd sh a ll a ll ege the f o llow ing :
a. b.
The person a l circums t a n c es o f pet i t ioner N a me a nd person a l circum s t a n c es o f the respondent responsibl e f or the thre a t , a c t , or omission , or, a. i f the n a me is un k nown or un c ert a in , i . the respondent m ay be described by a n assumed a ppe ll a t ion
The pet i t ion m ay in clude a gener a l pr ayer f or j us t a nd equ i t a bl e re li e fs.
Habeas data In f orm a t ion or d a t a wri tten , tends to thre a ten vio l a t ion o f cons t i tut ion a l right to li f e , liberty or property, a nd m ay be ordered des troyed by the court
c.
The right to a . li f e , b . liberty, c . a nd se curi ty i . o f a n aggri eved p arty vio l a ted or thre a tened w i th vio l a t ion by 1. a n unl a w f ul a c t or omission o f the respondent , a nd
Prote c t i on orders / i nter i m re li e fs i n wr i t o f amparo: 1. 2. Tempor ary Prote c t ion order Inspe c t ion order (to inspe c t premises re l a t ive to extr a j udici a l k illing s a nd en f or c ed disa ppe ar a n c es ) Produ c t ion order (to produ c e do cuments re l a ted to extr a j udici a l k illing a nd en f orc ed disa ppe ar a n c e) W i tness prote c t ion order
how su ch thre a t or vio l a t ion is commi tted w i th the a ttend a nt circums t a n c es det a il ed in support ing a ff id avi ts d. The inves t iga t ion condu c ted , i f a ny, a . spe ci fying the i . n a mes, ii . person a l circums t a n c es, a nd iii . a ddresses of the inves t iga t ing a uthori ty or individu a ls, as we ll as iv. the m a nner a nd condu c t of the inves t iga t ion , together w i th a ny report The a c t ion s a nd re courses t a k en by the pet i t ioner a . to determine the f a te or where a bouts o f the aggr i eved p arty a nd b . the ident i ty o f the person responsibl e f or the thre a t , a c t , or omission , a nd The re li e f pr ayed f or
3.
4.
Wr i t o f amparo is not a sub s t i tute f or l os t appea l or c ert i orar i Da p a t , there is vio l a t ion or thre a t o f vio l a t ion to li f e , liberty, se curi ty , as w as rul ed in M asa ngk ay vs A FP Ch i e f o f S t a ff
e.
f.
A group o f squatter s li ve i n l and o cc up i ed by X. X f il ed e j e c tment su i t ag a i ns t them f or ill eg a l possessi on o f property . The de c isi on be c ame f i na l and exe c utory . X app li ed f or wr i t o f demo li t i on f rom the c ourt , wh i c h was granted . The squatters f il ed wr i t o f amparo , a ll egi ng threatened v i o l at i on o f the i r r ight to se c ur i ty . Are they c orre c t ?
NO!!! As w as rul ed in M as a ngk ay vs A FP Chi e f o f S t a ff , wri t o f a mp aro is not a subs t i tute f or los t a ppe a l or c ert ior ari . Hen c e , the squ a tters should h ave f il ed a ppe a l o f a dverse de cision w i th the proper court .
If the cl erk o f court did not immedi a te ly issue wri t o f a mp aro , pwede siya m a-contempt
Proh i b i ted Pl ead i ngs under Wr i t o f Amparo/ Habeas Data: (S11- Amparo; S13- Data) The f o llow ing pl e a din gs a nd mot ions are proh ibi ted:
Peremptory writ of habeas corpus / writ of habeas corpus Writ addressed to a person in custody or detaining another to produce the body of the prisoner at a certain time and place designated therein Here, the arrest is (may be) illegal (most likely)
Preliminary citation Order of court directing person in custody of another to show cause why the writ of habeas corpus should not issue Here, the arrest is not illegal
a. b.
Mot ion to dismiss Mot ion f or ex ten sion o f t ime to f il e return , opposi t ion , a ff id avi t , posi t ion p a per, a nd other p l e a d i n gs Dil a tory mot ion f or pos tponement Mot ion f or a bill o f p art icu l ars Countercl a im or cro ss cl a im Third p arty compl a int R eply Mot ion to de cl are respondent in de f a ul t Intervent ion Memor a ndum Mot ion f or re consider a t ion o f interlo cutory orders or interim re li e f orders a nd P et i t ion f or c ert ior ari , m a nd a mus, or prohibi t ion a g a i ns t a ny interlo cutory order DISTINCTION S, see
c. Pre li m i nary C i tat i on a citation issued by the court to the government officer having the person in his custody to show cause why the writ of habeas corpus should not issue o The issuance of preliminary citation arises in instances when the said person is detained under governmental authority and the illegality of his detention is not patent from the petition for the writ. d. e. f. g. h.
i. F urther notes: P ag hindi pwede a ng wri t o f h a be as corpus, go w i th a mp aro If there is a pending crimin a l c ase , you c a n f il e a mp aro w i th the sa me crimin a l c ase 72-hour rul e (NO TE) If not extr a j udici a l , not en f or c ed disa ppe ar a n c e , w ill a mp aro a pply? (MAY RECEN T CASE DITO) l. j. k.
(F OR F URTHER a tt a chments /t a bl e s)
6.
When surn a me c a use s emb arr assment , a nd there is no show ing th a t the desired ch a nge o f n a me is f or fr a udul ent purpose or would pre j udic e pub lic interes t
(C) CHANGE O F NAM E (Ru l e 103) + (C) CANCELLATION OR C ORRECTION O F ENTRIES IN THE CIVIL REGISTRY (Ru l e 108) + CLERICAL ERROR ACT (RA 9048)
Note th a t the Ch a nge o f N a me should not be f or the purpose o f circumvent ing li a bili ty.
Change of Name Rule 103
Correction of Entry Rule 108
(F or f urther dis t in c t ion s, see a tt a chment)
Note th a t under Rul e 108, wh a t is sought to be corre c ted in the Civil R egis try is not the n a me , exc ept th a t i f wh a t is sought to be corre c ted is f irs t n a me or nic k n a me , the govern ing rul e is the Cl eric a l Error Ac t or RA9048, by f iling a ff id avi t w i th the Civil R egis try where regis tered , a nd i f residing a bro a d , be f ore the ne ares t Philippine consul a te . Rule 103 RA 9048 administrative
Chang e o f Name F il ed w i th RTC where pet i t ioner resides
Judicial
Grounds: 1. N a me is ridiculou s, t a inted w i th dishonour, extreme ly di ff icul t to wri te or pronoun c e Consequen c e o f ch a nge o f s t a tus, su ch as in l egi t im a t ion or a dopt ion (or revo c a t ion o f a dopt ion to revert b a c k to origin a l n a me) H aving cont inuously used a nd been k nown sin c e childhood by a F ilipino n a me , un a w are o f a li en p arent a ge Sin c ere desire to a dopt a F ilipino n a me to er ase signs o f f ormer p arent age , a ll in good f a i th a nd w i thout pre j udicing a nybody Ne c essi ty to avo id con f usion
Rule 108 Substantial changes for correction of entries in the Civil Register
RA 9048 Clerical errors in entry, plus change of first name or nickname
2.
Rul e 108 w as a ppli ed in the c ase o f RP vs Caga nd a h a n a nd Silverio vs R epublic
3.
4.
In Silverio vs R epublic , Romme l h a d sex ch a nge due to sex ch a nge / oper a t ion , he sought to ch a nge n a me from Romme l to a f em a l e n a me , a nd w a nted sex re assignment from m a l e to f em a l e , so he f il ed f or ch a nge o f n a me under RA 9048 a nd corre c t ion o f entri es in the civil regis ter. (BAWAL under RA9048) The SC deni ed i t o S ex re assignment- b a w a l
5.

No l a w a llows i t st Ch a nge o f 1 n a me not f a lling under the grounds in RA 9048
13. j udici a l determin a t ion o f f ili a t ion 14. vo lunt ary em a n cip a t ion o f mi nor st 15. ch a nge o f n a me (1 n a me / n ic k n a me under RA9048) These are subs t a nt i a l entri es, which c a n be ch a nged upon good a nd va lid grounds by w ay o f pet i t ion . Jurisdic t ion / Venue : RTC where Civil R egis ter is Lo c a ted (Rul e 108)
However, in the Caga nd a h a n c ase , Jenni f er Caga nd a h a n h a d 2 sex orga n s, m a l e a nd f em a l e , even hormones niya d a l a w a . So , she sought ch a nge o f n a me from Jenni f er to Je ff a nd her sex from f em a l e to m a l e . The SC a llowed i t By n a ture , she h a d 2 sexes, both m a l e a nd f em a l e , o Hen c e , she should not be deprived o f right to choose whether to be a m a n or a wom a n , be c a use i t w as there by n a ture
NOTE: Pr i n c i p l e o f Sexua l Rea ssignment (Sil ver i o C ase)
Ch a nge o f n a me from Jenni f er to Je ff- governed by RA9048 Ch a nge o f sex from f em a l e to m a l e- governed by R108 However, even w i th RA 9048, the court is not dives ted w i th right to entert a in pet i t ion f or corre c t ion o f entri es w i th respe c t to subs t a nt i a l corre c t ions
Pr i n c i p l e o f Intersex (C ag andahan C ase)
Grounds f or c orre c t i on o f entr i es under R108: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Births M arri ages De a ths Lega l sep ar a t ion s Judgment o f a nnu lment o f m arri age Judgment de cl arin g m arri age vo id a b ini t io Legi t im a t ions Adopt ion s Ac k now l edgment o f n a tur a l c hildren N a tur a liza t ion El e c t ion , loss, re covery o f ci t izenship civil interdic t ion
(SEE ATTACHM ENT F OR F URTHER DISTINCTIONS on 103, 108, 9048)
(V) VO LUNTARY DISSO LUTION O F C ORP ORATION S (Now governed by C ORP ORATION C ODE, S118-119, BP68)
The provisions o f the Rul es o f Court regarding this is repe a l ed by the provisions o f the Corpor a t ion Code Contempl a tes di ff erent modes in di ff erent si tu a t ions: W i th Credi tors OR W i thout Credi tors Modes: 1. Deriva t ive sui t Sui t f il ed by minori ty s to c k ho lders f or a nd in beh a l f o f the corpor a t ion Shortening li f et ime o f the corpor a t ion by a mendment o f the Art icl es o f In corpor a t ion Quo W arr a nto Disso lut ion o f de f a c to corpor a t ion not regis tered w i th SEC- (a dminis tr a t ive)
2.
3. 4.
(J) JUDICIAL DECL ARATION O F M INOR NATURAL CHILDREN (NOW governed by F AM ILY C OD E)
This provision no longer a ppli es now , be c a use o f the F a mily Code providin g th a t there are only 3 k inds o f children: o o o Legi t im a te children Ill egi t im a te children Legi t im a ted children Legi t im a te a nd l egi t im a ted children , under rul es o f su cc ession , are ent i t l ed to su cc ession a l rights, be ing st the 1 in priori ty Ill egi t im a te children are ent i t l ed to o f th a t to be inheri ted by l egi t im a te children a nd l egi t im a ted children
Legi t im a ted- p arent s are not m arri ed , w i thout l ega l impediment , i f they be come m arri ed , you be come l egi t im a ted Provided , a f ter Augus t 3, 1988 (e ff e c t ivi ty o f the F a mily Code)
revert b a c k to owner o f the F a mily Home (C) C ONSTITUTION O F THE F AM ILY HOM E (pos t-Aug 3, 1988- F AM ILY C ODE; be f ore , Rul e 106) Ins tan c es when is F am il y Home not exempt f rom exe c ut i on , f or c ed sa l e , atta c hment: 1. 2. F AM ILY HOM E Ac tu a l residen c e o f spouses or he a d o f the f a mily a nd the ir bene f ici ari es 3. Non-p ayment o f t axes Debts in curred prior to the cons t i tut ion o f the F a mily Home F or debts in curred by mortgages on the premises, be f ore or a f ter su ch con s t i tut ion F or debts due to l a bourer s, me ch a nics, archi te c ts, builders, m a teri a lsmen , a nd others who h ave rendered servic e or f urnished m a teri a l f or the cons tru c t ion o f the buildin g
There is no need to cons t i tute F a mily Home j udici a lly The F a mily Code s t a tes th a t a F a mily Home is cons t i tuted a utom a t ic a ll y on c e they reside there , provided , o Th a t the ques t ion gi ven in the f a c ts o f the c ase does not provide f or cons t i tut ion prior to Augus t 3, 1988 (e ff e c t ivi ty o f F a mily Code) If so , then there is a need to cons t i tute i t j udici a lly But beyond Augus t 3, 1988, deemed cons t i tuted from the t ime i t is o ccupi ed as f a mily residen c e
4.
C an the f am il y home be sub j e c t to part i t i on? As long as there is minor bene i f ici ary residing in the F a mily Home a f ter the de a th o f the spouses, the f a mily home c a nnot be sub j e c t to p art i t ion
Why the need to c on s t i tute? B e c a use a F a mily Home is exempted from exe cut ion , f orc ed sa l e , a tt a c hment , up to extent o f 1M pe sos o Exa mpl e : F a mily Home is worth 10M Hen c e , exempted from f orc ed , sa l e , a tt a chment is 1M 9M l ess obliga t ions a nd re imbursements, w ill
A152 o f the F a mily Code provide s th a t a F a mily Home , cons t i tuted j o int ly by the husb a nd a nd the w i f e or a n unm arri ed he a d o f a f a mily, is the dwe lling house where they a nd the ir f a mily reside , a nd the l a nd on which i t is si tu a ted .
What is A c tua l Resi den c e? It is de f ined in the c ase o f G arci a vs F ul e as the person a l , a c tu a l , physic a l h a bi t a t ion o f a person , a c tu a l residen c e or pl a c e o f a bode .
Who are the bene f i c i ar i es o f a F am il y Home?
A154 o f the F a mily Code provide s th a t the f o llow ing are the bene f ici ari e s o f a f a mily home : 1. 2. 3. The husb a nd a nd w i f e The unm arri ed person who is the he a d o f a f a mily #1 a nd #2s: a . P arents b . Asc end a nts c . Desc end a nts d . Brothers e . Sis ters i . Whether the re l a t ionship be l egi t im a te or ill egi t im a te ii . Living upon the F a mily Home iii . Depend upon the he a d o f the f a mily f or l ega l support
It depends on when the cons t i tut ion o f the F a mily Home w ill t a k e or too k pl a c e . If the con s t i tut ion too k pl a c e prior to Au gus t 3, 1988, which is the e ff e c t ivi ty o f the F a mily Code , then there is a need to cons t i tute a f a mily home j udici a lly or ex tr a j udici a lly as provided f or in S1 R106. However, i f the cons t i tut ion too k pl a c e a f ter the e ff e c t ivi ty o f the F a mily Code , then there is no need to cons t i tute the sa me j udici a lly or extr a j udici a lly, be c a use A153 o f the F a mily Code provide s th a t a f a mily home is deemed cons t i tuted on a house a nd lot from the t ime i t is o ccup i ed as a f a mily residen c e from the t ime o f i ts cons t i tut ion a nd so long as a ny o f i ts bene f ici ari es a c tu a lly resides there in .
(D) DECLARATION O F ABSENCE and PRESUM PTIV E DEATH (Ru l e 107, prov isi ons o f NCC)
C an a F am il y Home be sub j e c t o f part i t i on? Basis: A159, F a mily Code The F a mily Home sh a ll cont inue despi te the de a th o f one or both spouse s or o f the unm arri ed he a d o f the f a mily f or a period o f 10 ye ars or f or as long as there is a minor bene f ici ary, a nd the he irs c a nnot p art i t ion the sa me unl ess the court f inds compe lling re asons there f or. This rul e sh a ll a pply regardl ess o f whoever owns the property or cons t i tuted the f a mily home .
De cl ar a t ion o f Abs en c e a nd De a th 2 ye ars / 5 ye ar s
HENCE, i t c a n be the sub j e c t o f p art i t ion , IF , upon the de a th o f one or both spouses or o f the unm arri ed he a d o f the f a mily , a nd the 10 ye ar period f or the cont inu a t ion o f the f a mily home l a psed or, the minor bene f ici ary h as a lre a dy come o f ag e or, there are no more debts l e f t
Note th a t wh a t is contempl a ted is a c tu a l , a bso lute where a bouts is un k nown! Yung n agl a hon g p ar a ng bul a , hindi yung sum a k a bil a ng b a h ay
De cl ar a t ion o f presumpt ive de a th f or purposes o f rem arri age is a spe ci a l pro c eed ing Jur isd i c t i on / Venue: RTC o f l as t residen c e o f person presumed de a d , w i thout pre j udic e to re a ppe ar a n c e o f the a bsent spou se
Is there a need to f il e a pet i t i on f or de c l arat i on o f F am il y Home?
The re a ppe aring spouse mus t f il e a n a ff id avi t o f re a ppe ar a n c e be f ore the court gr a nt ing the de cl ar a t ion o f presumpt ive de a th o EFFECTS: nd 2 m arri age to be de cl ared vo id nd Children o f 2 m arri age however would rem a in to be l egi t im a te
or o f 5 ye ars in c ase the a bsentee h as l e f t a person in ch arge o f the a dminis tr a t ion o f his property, o the de cl ar a t ion o f his a bsen c e a nd a ppo intment o f a trus tee or a dminis tr a tor m ay be a ppli ed f or by a ny o f the f o llow ing: The spouse pre sent The he irs ins t i tuted in a w ill , who m ay present a n a uthent ic copy o f the sa me The re l a t ives who would su cc eed by the l a w o f intes t a cy Those who h ave over the property o f the a bsentee some right subord in a ted to the condi t ion o f his de a th
a. b.
c. When? Who may pet i t i on? Jur isd i c t i on? Venue? S1 R107 provide s th a t when 1. 2. 3. 4. An: 1. 2. 3. interes ted p arty re l a t ive fri end a person disa ppe ars from his domicil e his where a bouts be ing un k nown a nd w i thout h aving l e f t a n agent to a dminis ter his property or the power con f erred upon the agent h as expired What to pet i t i on? d.
S3- Content s o f pet i t i on The pet i t ion f or the a ppo intment o f a represent a t ive , or f or the de cl ar a t ion o f a bsen c e a nd the a ppo intment o f a trus tee or a n a dminis tr a tor, o mus t show the f o llow ing:
M ay pet i t ion f or the a ppo intment o f a person to represent him provision a lly in a ll th a t m ay be ne c essary The pet i t ion is to be f il ed in: RTC o f the pl a c e where the de c e ased l as t resided be f ore his disa ppe ar a n c e
a.
The j urisdic t ion a l f a c ts
What are the requ i rement s? S2- De c l arat i on o f ab sen c e; who may pet i t i on A f ter the l a pse o f 2 ye ars from his disa ppe ar a n c e a nd o w i thout a ny news a bout the a bsentee or sin c e the re c e i pt o f the l as t news,
P eriod f or servic e o f copi es o f the not ic e o f the t ime a nd pl a c e f ixed f or the he arin g (R107 S4): At l e as t 10 d ays be f ore the d ay o f the he aring, a nd published on c e a wee k f or 3 c onse cut ive wee ks prior to the t ime design a ted f or the he aring, in a newsp a per o f gener a l circul a t ion in the provin c e or ci ty where the a bsentee resides, as the court sh a ll deem bes t .
b.
The a. b. c. n a mes, ag es, a nd residen c es i . o f the he irs ins t i tuted in the w ill , ii . copy o f which sh a ll be presented , a nd iii . o f re l a t ives who would su cc eed by the l a w o f intes t a cy
P er i od when de c l arat i on o f absen c e ta k es e ff e c t (107 S6): 6 months a f ter i ts public a t ion in a newsp a per o f gener a l circul a t ion design a ted by the Court a nd in the O ff ici a l G azette .
c.
The n a mes a nd residen c e s o f credi tors a nd others who m ay h ave a dverse interes t over the property o f the a bsentee The prob a b l e va lue , lo c a t ion , a nd ch ar a c ter o f the property be longing to the a bsentee
Remedy o f a person de c l ared absent upon reappearan c e: 1. 2. Open up a trus t on property he ld by third persons As to s t a tus, f il e a n a ff id avi t o f re a ppe ar a n c e be f ore the RTC h aving j urisdic t ion over the pet i t ion f or de cl ar a t ion o f a bsen c e
d.
What is the purpose f or de c l arat i on o f absen c e ? 1. 2. F or proper repre sent a t ion o f the a bsentee in a ll his obliga t ions F or a dminis tr a t ion o f his property in his a bsen c e
Eff e c t o f reappearan c e o f absent spouse: 1. Adminis tr a t ion o f his property by the a ppo inted a dminis tr a tor in c ase o f his a bsen c e sh a ll c e a se (R107 S8) The property sh a ll be pl a c ed a t the disposa l o f those who m ay h ave a right thereto (R107 S8) As to the m arri age , the subsequent m arri age o f the present spouse sh a ll be de cl ared vo id , w i thout pre j ud ic e to the s t a tus o f the children under the subsequent m arri age to rem a in as l egi t im a te , be c a use o f h aving considered as con c e ived w i thin a va lid m arri age . a . A pet i t ion f or de cl ar a t ion o f nulli ty o f m arri age on this ground h as to be f il ed to th a t e ff e c t (?)
2. What is the per i od? P eriod to pet i t ion f or de cl ar a t ion o f a bsen c e (R107 S2): A f ter: 1. La pse o f 2 ye ars from his disa ppe ar a n c e a nd w i thout a ny news a bout the a bsentee or sin c e the re c e ipt o f the l as t new s, or O f 5 ye ars in c ase the a bsentee h as l e f t a person in ch arge o f the a dminis tr a t ion o f the property 3.
2.
As to the property,
1.
2.
Adminis tr a t ion o f his property by the a ppo inted a dminis tr a tor in c ase o f his a bsen c e sh a ll c e a se (R107 S8) The property sh a ll be pl a c ed a t the disposa l o f those who m ay h ave a right thereto (R107 S8)
As a mended by reso lut ion o f SC
What are those sub j e c t o f appea l? R109 S1 S1- ORDERS OR JUDGM ENTS FROM WHICH APPEALS MAY BE TAKEN An interes ted person m ay a ppe a l in spe ci a l pro c eedings from a n order or j udgment rendered by a RTC or M TC, where su ch order or j udgment :
What is the nature o f a pet i t i on f or de c l arat i on o f presumpt i ve death? IN RE M a n a c t ion aga ins t a thing a nd not aga ins t a person , where a de cision m a de sh a ll be binding not only to the p art i es thereto but aga ins t the who l e world o B e c a us e : w i th public a t ion requirement o A ff e c ts property rights, re l a t ions, s t a tus o f person s
a. b.
a llows or disa llow s a w ill determines who are the l a w f ul he irs o f a de c e ased person , or the dis tribut ive sh are o f the es t a te to which su ch person is ent i t l ed a llows or disa llows, in who l e or in p art , a ny cl a im aga ins t the es t a te o f a de c e ased person , or a ny cl a im presented in beh a l f o f the es t a te to o ffset to a cl a im aga ins t i t sett l es the a ccount o f a n exe cutor, a dminis tr a tor, trus tee , or gu ardi a n cons t i tutes, in the pro c eedi ngs re l a t ing to the sett l ement o f the es t a te o f a de c e ased person , or the a dminis tr a t ion o f a trus tee or gu ardi a n , a f in a l determin a t ion in the lower court o f the rights o f the p arty a ppe a ling, exc ept th a t no a ppe a l sh a ll be a llowed from the a ppo intment o f a spe ci a l a dminis tr a tor, a nd is the f in a l order or j udgment rendered in the c ase , a nd a ff e c ts the subs t a nt i a l rights o f the person a ppe a ling, un l ess i t be a n order gr a nt ing or denying a mot ion f or new tri a l or f or re consider a t ion
Do you c onsi der de c l arat i on o f presumpt i ve death as a spe c i a l pro c eed i ng? YES!!!!! R72 S1 provide s th a t a spe ci a l pro c eeding is a remedy by which a p arty see ks to es t a blish a s t a tus, a right , or a p art icul ar f a c t . Even though Rul e 72 S2 provides f or enumer a t ion s o f spe ci a l pro c eedings, su ch enumer a t ion is not exclusive . Hen c e , be c a use de cl ar a t ion o f presumpt i ve de a th is a remedy by which a p arty see ks to es t a blish the p art icul ar f a c t o f presumpt ive de a th , then i t is a spe ci a l pro c eeding even i f not w i thin the enumer a t ion under S2 R72.
c.
d.
e.
APPEALS IN SPECIAL PRO CEEDINGS (RULE 109) 30 d ay re cord on a ppe a l (Rul e 40-41) Exc ept : H a be as Corpus Ca ses 48 hours f.
DECLARATION O F NULLITY O F MARRIAGE, ANNUL M ENT O F MARRIAG E, LEGAL SEP ARATI ON (AM
PROVISIONAL ORD ERS: Spousa l support Cus tody a nd support o f common children Visi t a t ion rights Adminis tr a t ion o f A CP / CPG Other m a tters simil ar requirin g urgent a c t ion Ho ld dep a rture order
Nulli ty o f M arri age- vo id a b ini t io in cluding psycho logic a l in c a p a ci ty, in cur a bl e , w i th psycho logic a l report) If under A36, spe ci f ic a lly a ll ege psycho logic a l in c a p a ci ty in the body o f the pet i t ion Pre j udici a l Ques t ion ? DEPENDS. Da p a t , nulli ty f irs t be f ore crim in a l c ase Civil a nd Crimin a l a c t ion
*F il e together w i th support order, i f respondent , comment on provision a l order f or support BOTH m ay cl a im psycho log ic a l in c a p a ci ty (RP vs Mo lin a), even in c a p a ci t a ted s pouse Not ne c essarily a ppe aring during c e l ebr a t ion o f m arri age , but a ppe aring a f ter
DEPENDENT PERSONALITY DISORDER: (Ascuet a vs R epub lic; Teh vs Teh) disorder o f a person who c a nnot m a k e de cisions on his own w i th regard to the m arri age (dependent upon outside inter f eren c e) o (RE M E M BER: m ga m a m a s boys)
SALIENT PROVISIONS: S2- P et i t i on f or de c l arat i on o f abso l ute nu lli ty o f vo i d marr i ag es a. WHO MAY FILE
PRINCIPLE O F ANTI S O CIAL DISORDER: (di k o sure p a no i de f ine , b as t a yung asa sulo k a t ay a w m a k a k i t a n g t a o)
A pet i t ion f or de cl ar a t ion o f a bso lute nulli ty o f vo id m arri age m ay be f il ed b. so l e ly by the husb a nd a nd w i f e WHERE TO FILE
The pet i t ion sh a ll be f il ed c. in the F a mily Court I M PRESCRIPTIBILITY DE F E N S E OF ACTION OR
An a c t ion or de f ense f or the de cl ar a t ion o f a bso lute nulli ty o f vo id m arri age sh a ll not prescribe .
d.
WHAT TO ALLEGE
or the p arent , gu ardi a n , or person h aving l ega l ch arge o f the contr a c t ing p arty , a t a ny t ime be f ore su ch p arty h as re a ched the age o f 21 The sa ne spouse a . who h a d no k now l edge o f the others insa ni ty;
A pet i t ion under A36 o f the F a mily Code sh a ll spe ci a lly a ll ege the compl ete f a c ts show ing th a t o e i ther or both p art i es were psycho logic a lly in c a p a ci t a ted from complying w i th the essent i a l m ari t a l obliga t ions o f m arri ages a t the t ime o f the c e l ebr a t ion o f the m arri age even i f su ch in c a p a ci ty be comes m a ni f es t only a f ter i ts c e l ebr a t ion .
2.
or by a ny re l a t ive , gu ardi a n , or person h aving l ega l ch arg e o f the insa ne , a t a ny t ime be f ore the de a th o f e i ther p arty;
or by the insa ne spouse during a lu cid interva l or a f ter rega ining sa n i ty o provided th a t the pet i t ioner, a f ter coming to re ason , h as not free ly coh a bi ted w i th the other as husb a nd or w i f e The in j ured p a rty a . whose consent w as obt a ined by fr a ud , i . w i thin 5 ye ars a f ter the discovery o f the fr a ud ,
The compl ete f a c ts should a ll ege the physic a l m a ni f es t a t ion s, i f a ny, o as are indic a t i ve o f psycho logic a l in c a p a ci ty a t the t ime o f the c e l ebr a t ion o f the m arri age but expert opinion need not be a ll eged .
3.
S3- P et i t i on f or annu l ment o f vo i dab l e marr i ag es a. WHO MAY FILE
provided th a t sa id p arty, w i th f ull k now l edge o f the f a c ts cons t i tut ing the fr a ud , h as not free ly coh a bi ted w i th the other as husb a nd a nd w i f e The in j ured p arty whose consent w as obt a ined by f orc e , int imid a t ion , or undue in f luen c e , a . w i thin 5 ye ars from the t ime the f orc e , int imid a t ion , or undue in f luen c e disa ppe ared or c e a sed , b . provided th a t the f orc e , int imid a t ion , or undue in f luen c e h aving disa ppe ared or c e ased , i . sa id p arty h as not there a f ter free ly coh a bi ted w i th the other as husb a nd a nd w i f e The in j ured p a rty
The f o llow ing persons m ay f il e a pet i t ion f or a nnulment o f vo id a bl e m arri age b ased on a ny o f the grounds under A45 o f the F a mily Code a nd w i thin the period here in indic a ted: 1. The contr a c t ing p arty a . whose p arent , or gu ardi a n , or person exercising subs t i tute p arent a l a uthori ty i . did not give his or her consent w i thin 5 ye ars a f ter a tt a ining the age o f 21
4.
unl ess a f ter a tt a in ing the age o f 21, su ch p arty free ly coh a bi ted w i th the other as husb a nd a nd w i f e ;
5.
a.
b.
where the other spouse is physic a lly inc ap abl e of consumm a t ing the m arri age w i th the other a nd su ch in c a p a bili ty cont inues a nd a ppe ars to be in cur a bl e , i . w i thin 5 ye ars a f ter the c e l ebr a t ion of the m arri age , a nd
b. c.
spe ci fy the regime governing the ir property re l a t ions, as we ll as the propert i es invo l ved
If there is no a dequ a te provision in a wri tten agreement between the p art i es, the pet i t ioner m ay a pply f or a provision a l order f or o spousa l support , o the cus tody a nd support o f common children , o visi t a t ion right s, o a dminis tr a t ion o f communi ty or con j uga l property, a nd o other m a tters simil arly requirin g urgent a c t ion . It mus t be veri f i ed a nd a ccomp a ni ed by a c ert i f ic a t ion aga ins t f orum shopp ing. The veri f ic a t ion a nd c ert i f ic a t ion a . mus t be signed person a lly by the pet i t ioner.
6.
The in j ured p a rty a . where the other p arty w as a ff lic ted w i th a STD f ound to be serious a nd a ppe ars to be in cur a bl e , i . w i thin 5 ye ars a f ter the c e l ebr a t ion of the m arri age
3.
b.
WHERE TO FILE
The pet i t ion sh a ll be f il ed w i th the F a mily Court
No pet i t ion m ay be f il ed so l e l y by counse l or through a n a tty-in-f a c t S4- Venue The pet i t ion sh a ll be f il ed in the F a mily Court o f the provin c e or ci ty where the pet i t ioner or the respondent h as been residing f or a t l e as t 6 month s prior to the d a te o f f iling, or in the c ase o f a non resident respondent , o where he m ay be f ound in the Philippines a t the e l e c t ion o f the pet i t ioner. If the pet i t ioner is in a f ore ign country, the veri f ic a t ion a nd c ert i f ic a t ion a ga ins t f orum shopping sh a ll be a uthent ic a ted by the duly a uthorized o ff ic er o f the Ph ilippine emb a ssy or l ega t ion , consul gener a l , consul or vic e consul or con sul ar agent in sa i d country. It sh a ll be f il ed in 6 copi es.
4.
The pet i t ioner sh a ll serve a copy o f the pet i t ion on the O ff ic e o f the So lici tor Gener a l a nd the O ff ic e o f the Provi n ci a l or Ci ty Prose cutor, o w i thin 5 d ays from the d a te o f i ts f iling a nd o submi t to the court proo f o f su ch servic e w i thin the sa me period .
R equirements o f the pet i t ion? S5- Content s and f orm o f pet i t i on 1. The pet i t ion sh a ll a . a ll ege the compl ete f a c ts cons t i tut ing the c a use o f a c t ion It sh a ll a . s t a te the n a me s a nd ages o f the common children o f the p art i es a nd
F a ilure to comply w i th a ny o f the pre c eding requirements m ay be a ground f or immedi a te dismissa l o f the pet i t ion .
2.
Wh a t are the prohibi ted compromises? S16- Proh i b i ted Comprom ise The court sh a ll not a llow compromise on prohibi ted m a tters, su ch a s the f o llow ing : a. b. Civil s t a tus o f persons V a lidi ty o f a m arri age or o f a l ega l sep ar a t ion Any ground f or l ega l sep ar a t i on F uture support Jurisdic t ion o f court s F uture l egi t ime
b.
If the respondent h as f il ed his a nswer but f a ils to a ppe ar, a . the court sh a ll pro c eed w i th the pre tri a l a nd b . require the public prose cutor to inves t iga te the non a ppe ar a n c e o f the respondent a nd c . submi t w i thin 15 d ays there a f ter a report to the court s t a t ing whether his non a ppe ar a n c e is due to a ny co llusion between the p art i e s.
c. d. e. f.
If there is no co llusion , the court sh a ll require the public prose cutor o to intervene f or the s t a te during the tri a l on the meri ts to prevent suppression or f a bric a t ion o f ev iden c e
Ca n you f il e mot ion to dismiss? S7- Mot i on to D ism iss No mot ion to dismiss the pet i t ion sh a ll be a llowed exc ept on the ground o f l a c k o f j urisdic t ion o over the sub j e c t m a tter or o over the p art i es.
S ervic e o f Summons, Rul es: S6- Summon s The servic e o f summons sh a ll be governed by Rul e 14 o f the Rul es o f Court a nd by the f o llow ing ru l es: 1. When the respondent c a nnot be lo c a ted a t h is given a ddress or his where a bouts are un k nown a nd c a nnot be asc ert a ined by diligent inquiry, o servic e o f summons m ay, by l e ave o f court , be e ff e c ted upon him by public a t ion on c e a wee k f or 2 conse cut ive wee ks in a newsp a per o f gener a l circul a t ion in the Philippines a nd in su ch pl a c es as the court m ay order.
Provided , however, th a t a ny other ground th a t might w arr a nt a d ismissa l o f the c ase o m ay be r a ised as a n a ff irm a t ive de f ense in a n a nswer.
Wh a t is the e ff e c t o f f a ilure to a ppe ar a t the pre tri a l? S13- Eff e c t o f f a il ure to appear at the pre tr i a l a. If the pet i t ioner f a ils to a ppe ar person a lly, a . the c ase sh a ll be dismissed , unl ess i . his counse l or a duly a uthorized represent a t ive a ppe ars in court ii . a nd proves a va lid excuse f or the non a ppe ar a n c e o f the pet i t ioner
In a dd i t ion , a copy o f the summons sh a ll be served on the respondent a t h is l as t k nown a ddress by regis tered m a il or o a ny other me a ns the court m ay deem su ff ici ent .
2.
The summons to be published sh a ll be cont a ined in a n order o f the court w i th the f o llow ing d a t a: a. b. c. d. Ti t l e o f the c as e Do c k et number N a ture o f the pet i t ion Prin cip a l grounds f or the pet i t ion a nd the re li e fs pr ayed f or A dire c t ive f or the respondent to a nswer w i thin 30 d ays from the l as t issue o f pub lic a t ion
w i thin 15 d ays from not ic e o f the deni a l o f the mot ion f or re consider a t ion or new tri a l .
The a ppe ll a nt sh a ll serve a copy o f the not ic e o f a ppe a l on the a dverse p art i es .
BASIS: F resh period rul e as provided in Neypes vs CA
e.
Provision a l Orders: Provision a l orders which c a n be a ppli ed (S5 AM 0211-10-SC): o spousa l support , the cus tody a nd common children , visi t a t ion right s, a dminis tr a t ion o f communi ty or con j uga l property, a nd other m a tters simil arly requirin g urgent a c t ion support of
S8- Ans wer 1. The respondent sh a ll f il e his a nswer a . w i thin 15 d ays from servic e o f summons, b . or w i thin 30 d ays from l as t issue o f public a t ion in c ase o f servic e o f summons by public a t ion .
o o
The a nswer mus t be veri f i ed by the respondent himse l f a nd not by counse l or a ttorney in f a c t . Wh a t e lse? R emedi es in c as e o f a dverse de cision: S20- Appea l 1. PRE CONDITION
Rul e on Provision a l Orders, AM 02-11-12-SC S6- Ho l d Departure Order
No a ppe a l from the de cision s h a ll be a llowed unl ess the a ppe ll a nt h as f il ed a mot ion f or re consider a t ion or new tri a l o w i thin 15 d ays from not ic e o f j udgment . NOTICE O F APPEAL
PROTECTION ORDERS AM 02-11-12-SC Ru l e on Prov isi ona l Orders i n re l at i on to RA 9262 or the V i o l en c e ag a i ns t Women and Ch il dren A c t
2.
An aggri eved p arty or the So lici tor Gener a l m ay a ppe a l from the de cision by f iling a Not ic e o f Appe a l
Who m ay issue? Wh a t are those provision a l orders? (RA 9262) SEC. 14. B arangay P rot e c t ion Ord ers (BPOs); Who May Issu e and How . - Bar a nga y Prote c t ion Orders
(BP Os) re f er to the prote c t ion order issued by the Punong B arangay ordering the perpetr a tor to desis t from commi tt ing a c t s under S e c t ion 5 (a) a nd (b) o f this Ac t . A Punong B arangay who re c e ives a pplic a t ion s f or a BP O sh a ll issue the prote c t ion order to the a pplic a nt on the d a te o f f iling a f ter ex part e determin a t ion o f the b asis o f the a pplic a t ion . If the Punong B arangay is un ava il a bl e to a c t on the a pplic a t ion f or a BP O , the a pplic a t ion sh a ll be a c ted upon by a ny ava il a b l e B arangay Kagawad. If the BP O is issued by a B arangay Kagawad the order mus t be a ccomp a ni ed by a n a ttes t a t ion by the B arangay Kagawad th a t the Punong B arangay w as un ava il a bl e a t the t ime f or the issu a n c e o f the BP O . BP Os sh a ll be e ff e c t ive f or f i f teen (15) d ays. Immedi a te ly a f ter the issu a n c e o f a n ex part e BP O , the Punong B arangay or B arangay Kagawad sh a ll person a lly serve a copy o f the sa me on the respondent , or dire c t a ny b ar a ngay o ff ici a l to e ff e c t is person a l servic e . The p art i es m ay be a ccomp a n i ed by a non-l a wyer a dvo c a te in a ny pro c eeding be f ore the Punong B arangay. SEC. 15. Temporary Prot e c t ion Ord ers. Tempor ary Prote c t ion Orders (TP Os) re f ers to the prote c t ion order issued by the court on the d a te o f f iling o f the a pplic a t ion a f ter ex part e determin a t ion th a t su ch order should be issued . A court m ay gr a nt in a TP O a ny, some or a ll o f the re li e fs ment ioned in th is Ac t a nd sh a ll be e ff e c t ive f or thirty (30) d ays. The court sh a ll schedul e a he aring on the issu a n c e o f a PP O prior to or on the d a te o f the expir a t ion o f the TP O . The court sh a ll order the immed i a te person a l servic e o f the TP O on the respondent by the court sheri ff who m ay obt a in the a ssis t a n c e o f l a w en f orc ement agents f or the servic e . The TP O sh a ll in clude not ic e o f the d a te o f the he aring on the meri ts o f the issu a n c e o f a PP O . SEC. 16. P erm a nent Prote c t ion Orders. P erm a nent Prote c t ion Order (PP O) re f ers to prote c t ion order issued by the court a f ter not ic e a nd he aring. Respond ents non- app e aranc e d espi t e prop er not i c e , or his l a c k o f a l awyer, or th e non- ava il ab ili ty of his l awyer sha ll not b e a ground for resch eduling or postponing th e h e aring on th e m eri ts of th e issuanc e of a PPO . If th e respond ents app e ars w i thout counse l on th e dat e of th e h e aring on th e PP O , th e c ourt sha ll appoint a l awyer for th e respond ent and
imm edi at e ly proc eed w i th th e h e aring . In c a se th e respond ent f a ils to app e ar d espi t e prop er not i c e , th e court sha ll a llow ex part e presentat ion of th e evid enc e by th e app li c ant and rend er judgm ent on th e ba sis of th e evid e nc e present ed . Th e court sha ll a llow th e introduc t ion of any history of abusive condu c t of a respond ent even i f th e s am e wa s not dire c t ed aga inst th e appli c ant or th e p erson for whom th e appli c ant is mad e . The court sh a ll , to the ex tent possibl e , condu c t the he aring on the meri ts o f the issu a n c e o f a PP O in one (1) d ay. Where the court is un a bl e to condu c t the he aring w i thin one (1) d ay a nd the TP O issued is due to expire , the court sh a ll cont i nuously extend or renew the TP O f or a period o f thirty (30) d ays a t e a ch p art icul ar t ime unt il f in a l j udgment is issued . The extended or renewed TP O m ay be modi f i ed by the court as m ay be ne c essary or a pplic a bl e to a ddress the need s o f the a pplic a nt . The court m ay gr a nt a ny, some or a ll o f the re li e f s spe ci f i ed in S e c t ion 8 hereo f in a PP O . A PP O sh a ll be e ff e c t ive unt il revo k ed by a court upon a pplic a t ion o f the person in who se f avor the order w as issued . The court sh a ll ensure i mmedi a te person a l servic e o f the PP O on respondent . The court sh a ll not deny the issu a n c e o f prote c t ion order on the b asis o f the l a ps e o f t ime between the a c t o f vio l en c e a nd the f iling o f the a pplic a t ion . Regardl ess of th e convi c t ion or a cqu i tta l of th e respond ent , th e Court must d e t ermin e wh e th er or not th e PPO sha ll b e c om e f ina l . Even in a dismiss a l , a PPO sha ll b e grant ed a s long a s th ere is no c l e ar show ing that th e a c t from whi ch th e ord er might arise did not exist . SEC. 10. Where to Apply f or a Prote c t ion Order. Applic a t ions f or BP O s sh a ll f o llow the rul es on venue under S e c t ion 409 o f the Lo c a l Government Code o f 1991 a nd i ts impl ement ing rul es a nd regul a t ions. An a pplic a t ion f or a TP O or PP O m ay be f il ed in the region a l tri a l court , metropo li t a n tri a l court , municip a l tri a l court , municip a l circu i t tri a l court w i th terri tori a l j urisdic t ion over the pl a c e o f residen c e o f the pet i t ioner: Provided , however, Th a t i f a f a mily court exis ts in the p l a c e o f residen c e o f
the pet i t ioner, the a pplic a t ion sh a ll be f il ed w i th th a t court .
An a pplic a t ion f or prote c t ion order f il ed w i th a court sh a ll be considered a n a pplic a t ion f or both a TP O a nd PP O .
How a ppli ed? SEC. 11. How to Apply f or a Prote c t ion Order. The a pplic a t ion f or a prote c t ion order mus t be in wri t ing, signed a nd veri f i ed under o a th by the a pplic a nt . It m ay be f il ed as a n independent a c t ion or as in cident a l re li e f in a ny civil or crimin a l c ase the sub j e c t m a tter or issues thereo f p art a k es o f a vio l en c e as described in this Ac t . A s t a nd ard prote c t ion order a pplic a t ion f orm , wri tten in En glish w i th tr a nsl a t ion to the m a j or lo c a l l a ngu a ges, sh a ll be m a de ava il a bl e to f a cili t a te a pplic a t ions f or prote c t ions order, a nd sh a ll c ont a in , a mong other, the f o llow ing in f orm a t ion: a. b. n a mes a nd a ddresses o f pet i t i oner a nd respondent ; descript ion o f re l a t ionships between pet i t ioner a nd respondent ; a s t a tement o f the circums t a n c es o f the a bu se ; descript ion o f the re li e fs reques ted by pet i t ioner as spe ci f i ed in S e c t ion 8 here in; reques t f or coun se l a nd re ason s f or su ch; reques t f or w a iver o f a pplic a t i on f ees unt il he aring; a nd a n a ttes t a t ion th a t there is no pending a pplic a t ion f or a prote c t ion order in a nother court . Bar a ngay o ff ici a ls a nd court personne l sh a ll assis t a pplic a nts in the prep ar a t ion o f the a pp lic a t ion . La w en f orc ement ag ents sh a ll a lso extend assis t a n c e in the a pplic a t ion f or prote c t ion orders in c as es brought to the ir a ttent ion .
Ac ts covered by prote c t ion orders: (RA 9262) SEC. 8. Prote c t ion Orders.- A prote c t ion order is a n order issued under this a c t f or the purpose o f prevent ing f urther a c ts o f vio l en c e aga ins t a wom a n or her child spe ci f i ed in S e c t ion 5 o f this Ac t a nd gr a nt ing other ne c essary re li e f . The re li e f gr a nted under a prote c t ion order serve the purpose o f sa f egu arding the vic t im from f urther h arm , minimizing a ny d isrupt ion in the vic t im s d a ily li f e , a nd f a cili t a t in g the opportuni ty a nd a bili ty o f the vic t im to independent ly rega i n contro l over her li f e . The provisions o f the prote c t i on order sh a ll be en f orc ed by l a w en f orc ement a gen ci es. The prote c t ion orders th a t m ay be issued under this Ac t are the b ar a n gay prote c t ion order (BP O), tempor ary prote c t ion order (TP O) a nd perm a nent prote c t ion order (PP O). The prote c t ion orders th a t m ay be issued under this Ac t sh a ll in cl ude a ny , some or a ll o f the f o llow ing re li e fs: a. Prohibi t ion o f the respondent from thre a tening to commi t or commi tt ing, person a lly or through a nother, a ny o f the a c ts ment ioned in S e c t ion 5 o f this Ac t ; Prohibi t ion o f the respondent from h ar assing, a nnoying, te l ephoning, cont a c t ing or otherw ise communic a t ing w i th the pet i t ioner, dire c t ly or indire c t ly; R emova l a nd exclusion o f the respondent from the residen c e o f the pet i t ioner, regardl ess o f owner ship o f the residen c e , e i ther tempor arily f or the purpose o f prote c t ing the pet i t ioner, or perm a nent ly where no property rights are vio l a ted , a nd i f respondent mus t remove person a l e ff e c ts
c. d.
e. f. g.
If the a pplic a nts is not the vic t im , the a pplic a t ion mus t be a ccomp a ni ed by a n a ff id avi t o f the a pplic a nt a ttes t ing to (a) the circums t a n c es o f the a buse su ff ered by the vic t im a nd (b) the circums t a n c es o f consent given by the vic t im f or the f illing o f the a pplic a t ion . When disclosure o f the a ddress o f the vic t im w ill pose d a n ger to her li f e , i t sh a ll be so s t a ted in the a pplic a t ion . In su ch a c a se , the a pplic a nt sh a ll a ttes t th a t the vic t im is residing in the municip a li ty or ci ty over which court h a s terri tori a l j urisdic t ion , a nd sh a ll provide a m a iling a ddress f or purpose o f servic e pro c essing.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
from the residen c e , the court sh a ll dire c t a l a w en f orc ement agent to a cc omp a ny the respondent h a s ga thered his things a nd escort respondent from the residen c e ; Dire c t ing the respondent to s t ay a w ay from pet i t ioner a nd design a ted f a mily or househo ld member a t a dis t a n c e spe ci f i ed by the court , a nd to s t ay a w ay from the residen c e , schoo l , p l a c e o f employment , or a ny spe ci f i ed p l a c e frequented by the pet i t ioner a nd a ny design a ted f a mily or househo ld member; Dire c t ing l a w f ul po ssession a nd use by pet i t ioner o f a n a utomobil e a nd other essent i a l person a l e ff e c ts, rega rdl ess o f ownership , a nd dire c t ing the a ppropri a te l a w en f orc ement o ff ic er to a ccomp a ny the pet i t ioner to the residen c e o f the p art i es to ensure th a t the pet i t ioner is s a f e ly res tored to the po ssession o f the a utomobil e a nd other essent i a l per son a l e ff e c ts, or to supervise the pet i t ioners or respondent s remova l o f person a l be longin gness; Gr a nt ing a tempor a ry or perm a nent cus tody o f a child/ children to the pet i t ioner;
i.
j. k.
R es t i tut ion f or a c tu a l d a m ag es c a used by the vio l en c e in f lic ted , in cludin g, but not limi ted to , property d a m age , medic a l expenses, child c are expenses a nd loss o f in come ; Dire c t ing the DS WD or a ny a ppropri a te agen cy to provide pet i t ioner m ay need; a nd Provision o f su ch other f orms o f re li e f as the court deems ne c essary to prote c t a nd provide f or the sa f ety o f the pet i t ioner a nd a ny design a ted f a mily or hous eho ld member, provided pet i t ioner a nd a ny design a ted f a mily or househo l d member consents to su ch re li e f .
Any o f the re li e fs provided under this se c t ion sh a ll be gr a nted even in the a b sen c e o f a de cree o f l ega l sep ar a t ion or a nnulment or de cl ar a t ion o f a bso lute nulli ty o f m arri age . The issu a n c e o f a BP O or the penden cy o f a n a pplic a t ion f or BP O sh a ll not pre clude a pet i t ioner from a pplying f or, or the court from gr a nt ing a TP O or PP O .
Dire c t ing th e respond ent to provid e support to th e woman and/or h er child i f ent i t l ed to l ega l support . Notw i thstand ing oth er l aws to th e contrary, th e court sha ll ord er an appropri at e p erc e ntag e of th e incom e or s a l ary of th e respond ent to b e w i thh e ld regul arly by th e respond ent s employer for th e s am e to b e automat i c a lly remi tt ed dire c t ly to th e woman. F a ilure to remi t and/or w i thho ld or any d e l ay in th e remi ttanc e of support to th e woman and/or h er child w i thout just i f i abl e c ause sha ll rend er th e respond ent or his employe r li abl e for indire c t cont empt of court ; h. Prohibi t ion o f the respondent from a ny u se or possession o f a ny f ire arm or de a dly we a pon a nd order him to surrender the sa me to the court f or a ppropri a te disposi t ion by the court , in cluding revo c a t ion o f lic ens e a nd disqu a li f ic a t ion to a pply f or a ny lic ense to use or possess a f ire arm . If the o ff ender is a l a w en f orc ement ag ent , the court sh a ll order the o ff ender to surrender his f ire arm a nd sh a ll dire c t the a ppropri a te a uthori ty to inves t iga te on the o ff ender a nd t a k e a ppropri a te a c t ion on m a tter;
SEC. 5. Ac ts o f Vio l en c e Aga in s t Women a nd The ir Children .- The crime o f vio l en c e aga ins t women a nd the ir children is commi tted through a ny o f the f o llow ing a c ts: a. b. c. d. e. Ca using physic a l h arm to the wom a n or her child ; Thre a tening to c a u se the wom a n or her child physic a l h arm; Attempt ing to c a u se the wom a n or her child physic a l h arm; Pl a cing the wom a n or her chil d in f e ar o f imminent physic a l h a rm; Attempt ing to compe l or compe lling the wom a n or her child to engage in condu c t which the wom a n or her child h as the ri ght to desis t from or de sis t from condu c t which the wom a n or her child h as the right to engage in , or a ttempt ing to res tric t or res tric t in g the wom a n s or her ch ild s freedom o f movement or condu c t by f orc e or thre a t o f f orc e , physic a l or other h arm or thre a t o f physic a l
f.
g.
h.
or other h arm , or int imid a t ion dire c ted aga ins t the wom a n or child . This sh a ll in clude , but not limi ted to , the f o llow ing a c ts commi tted w i th the purpose or e ff e c t o f contro lling or res tric t in g the wom a n s or her ch ild s movement or condu c t : 1. Thre a tening to deprive or a c tu a lly depriving the wom a n or her child o f cus tody to her/his f a mily; 2. Depriving or thre a tening to deprive the wom a n or her children o f f in a n ci a l support l ega lly due her or her f a mily, or de liber a te ly providing the wom a n s children insu ff ici ent f in a n ci a l support ; 3. Depriving or thre a tening to deprive the wom a n or her child o f a l ega l right ; 4. Prevent ing the wom a n in engaging in a ny l egi t im a te pro f ession , o ccup a t ion , business or a c t ivi ty or contro lling the vic t im s own mon4ey or propert i es, or so l e ly contro lling the con j uga l or common money, or propert i es; In f lic t ing or thre a tening to in f lic t physic a l h arm on onese l f f or the purpose o f contro lling her a c t ions or de cisions; Ca using or a ttempt in g to c a us e the wom a n or her child to engage in a ny sexu a l a c t ivi ty which doe s not cons t i tute r a pe , by f orc e or thre a t o f f orc e , physic a l h a rm , or through int imid a t ion d ire c ted aga ins t the wom a n or her child or her/his immedi a te f a mily; Engaging in purpo se f ul , k now ing, or re c k l ess condu c t , person a lly or through a nother, th a t a l arms or c a uses subs t a nt i a l emot ion a l or psycho logic a l dis tress to the wom a n or her child . This sh a ll
i.
in clude , but not be limi ted to , the f o llow ing a c ts: 1. S t a l k ing or f o llow ing the wom a n or her child in public or priva te pl a c es; 2. P eering in the w indow or lingering outside the residen c e o f the wom a n or her child; 3. Entering or rem a ining in the dwe lling or on the property o f the wom a n or her child aga in s t her/his w ill; 4. Des troying the property a nd person a l be longingness or in f lic t ing h arm to a n im a ls or pets o f the wom a n or her child; a nd 5. Engaging in a ny f orm o f h ar assment or vio l en c e ; Ca using ment a l or emot ion a l a nguish , public ridicul e or humili a t ion to the wom a n or her child , in clud ing, but not limi ted to , repe a ted verb a l a nd emot ion a l a buse , a nd deni a l o f f in a n ci a l support or cus tody o f minor children o f a cc e ss to the wom a n s child/ children .
Eff e c t o f be ing a b a ttered w i f e in c ase o f the children? RA 9262, S28 A vic t im who is su ff ering from b a ttered wom a n syndrome sh a ll not be disqu a li f i ed from h aving cus tody o f her children . In no c ase sh a ll cus tody o f minor children be given to the perpetr a tor o f a wom a n who is su ff ering from Ba ttered wom a n syndrome . The wom a n vic t i m o f vio l en c e sh a ll be ent i t l ed to the cus tody a nd support o f her child/ children . Children be low seven (7) ye ar s o ld o lder but w i th ment a l or physic a l disa bili t i e s sh a ll a utom a t ic a lly be given to
the mother, w i th right to support , un l ess the court f inds compe lling re a sons to order otherw ise .
Any other prote c t ion orders? Ac ts? (see a bove)
Venue in c ase o f BP O ? SEC. 14. B arangay P rot e c t ion Ord ers (BPOs); Who May Issu e and How . - Bar a nga y Prote c t ion Orders (BP Os) re f er to the prote c t ion order issued by the Punong B arangay ordering the perpetr a tor to desis t from commi tt ing a c t s under S e c t ion 5 (a) a nd (b) o f this Ac t . A Punong B arangay who re c e ives a pplic a t ion s f or a BP O sh a ll issue the prote c t ion order to the a pplic a nt on the d a te o f f iling a f ter ex part e determin a t ion o f the b asis o f the a pplic a t ion . If the Punong B arangay is un ava il a bl e to a c t on the a pplic a t ion f or a BP O , the a pplic a t ion sh a ll be a c ted upon by a ny ava il a b l e B arangay Kagawad. If the BP O is issued by a B arangay Kagawad the order mus t be a ccomp a ni ed by a n a ttes t a t ion by the B arangay Kagawad th a t the Punong B arangay w as un ava il a bl e a t the t ime f or the issu a n c e o f the BP O . BP Os sh a ll be e ff e c t ive f or f i f teen (15) d ays. Immedi a te ly a f ter the issu a n c e o f a n ex part e BP O , the Punong B arangay or B arangay Kagawad sh a ll person a lly serve a copy o f the sa me on the respondent , or dire c t a ny b ar a ngay o ff ici a l to e ff e c t is person a l servic e . The p art i es m ay be a ccomp a n i ed by a non-l a wyer a dvo c a te in a ny pro c eeding be f ore the Punong B arangay.

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Spe ci a l Pro c eedings a nd R emedi a l La w R evi ew notes under Atty F erdin a nd Ta n CONS OLIDATED NOTES i n SPECIA L PROCEEDINGS Notes

by: P a ul Lemue l E. C h avez

apply suppletory May involve only one party Initiated petition by

Except Habeas Corpus, NOT based on a cause of action

Involves 2 or more parties Initiated by complaint

Based cause action

Governed by the rules for ordinary civil actions

C ONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO SPECIAL PRO CEEDINGS A3 S1

A8 S1 Judici a l Power sh a ll be ves ted in 1 Supreme Court a nd in a ll other court s as m ay be es t a blished by l a w .

All c ases in which only a n error or ques t ion o f l a w is invo lved

A15 S3 The S t a te sh a ll de f end:

Rul e 7 S1- P arts o f a Pl e a ding

What then w ill be your remedy? R e f il e the pet i t ion , as provided f or in Ru l e 16

R33- Demurrer to Eviden c e

P erson a l a nd R e a l- Tot a li ty o f Es t a te o f De c e ased (GROSS VALUE- va lue be f ore dedu c t ion s)

To a nswer, f o llow the contents o f Rul e 74, in a PUBLIC INSTRUM E NT

NOTE: Venue is WAIVA BLE

What is a NE W SP APER O F GE NERAL CIRCUL ATION? (Basa vs Merc a do)

not devoted to the intere s t o f a p art icul ar cl ass

S1 to S4 R74 2 ye ars f or those unduly deprived o f the es t a te to f il e ...

La wyer- 5k Appe ar a n c e f ee- 2k P ar a ng k u l a ng p a?!

Propert i es sub j e c t to sett l ement o f es tate o f the de c eased:

Ca ll ed , ADM INISTRA TOR WITH A WILL ANN EXED

What are c r i mes i nvo l v i ng mora l turp i tude?

f a lsi f ic a t ion o f public do cuments perj ury

Remova l o f Exe c utor or Adm i n is trator , GROUNDS: (Ru l e 82 S2)

When exe cutor is cross exa mined on those m a tters

Ques t i on on renta ls. mot i on? C an i t be f il ed by mere

If not , then w a ived

Note in re l a t ion to R68 a k a F ore closure o f mort gage

Hen c e , loo k a t the probl em:

Not i c e o f lis pendens -

(E) ESCHEAT (Ru l e 91)

By veri f i ed pet i t ion f il ed by So l R epresent a t ive , s t a t in g the ff m a tters: -

P erson a l es t a te to be assigned to municip a li ty or ci ty o f l as t re siden c e R e a l es t a te to be assigned to municip a li ty or ci ty where i t m ay be f ound

Escheat Decedent died without a will, no heirs, but with property

Expropriation Payment of just compensation

Reversion Concerns property for public use

Any other person the court m ay deem su ff ici ent

(97 1- In competents) Competen cy determined of w ard is j udici a lly

Gu ardi a nship is no longer ne c essary De a th o f gu ard i a n De a th o f w ard

F a il ed to render a ccount ing or m a k e a return f or 30 d a ys when due

CUSTODY O F M INORS IN RELATION TO HABEAS C ORPUS 3. AM 3-4-4-SC

(T) TRUSTEESHIP (Ru l e 98)

Sa me is true w i th ch a ng e o f n a me which c a n a lso be f il ed simul t a neously w i th pet i t ion f or a dopt ion .

(R) RESCISSION/REVO CATION O F ADO PTION

ICAB Under the O ff ic e o f the President / DS WD o Asa Legard a / Mendio l a , M a n il a Grounds: 1.

(RA 8552- DAA)

What then c an be the remedy o f adopt i ve parent s? Disinheri t the a doptee

(H) HO SPITALIZATION O F INSANE PERSONS (Ru l e 101)

Jur isd i c t i on / venue: RTC o f the pl a c e where the in sa ne m ay be f ound

In hospi t a liza t ion o f insa ne , w a l a ng issue , sir a ulo l a ng t a l aga; sa P M E , issue is s u ch P M E

C an adopt i ve adopt i on?

NO! B e c a u se a dopt ion is f or the bes t interes ts o f the a doptee

Adverse de c isi on , remedy: R e cord o f a ppe a l w i th in 30 d a ys from not ic e o f j udgment or f in a l order

(Di ff erent i a te from AM 3-4-4)

P et i t i on f or wr i t o f amparo: R equirements: S5- Content s o f the pet i t ion

What are the k i nds o f amparo? 1. Amparo Libertad / Liberty Amparo

The pet i t ion sh a ll be signed a nd veri f i ed a nd sh a ll a ll ege the f o llow ing :

The pet i t ion m ay in clude a gener a l pr ayer f or j us t a nd equ i t a bl e re li e fs.

Change of Name Rule 103

Correction of Entry Rule 108

(F or f urther dis t in c t ion s, see a tt a chment)