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Bioclimatic Buildings
Roberto Lamberts
Federal University of Santa Catarina
Laboratrio de Eficincia Energtica em Edificaes
www.labeee.ufsc.br
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Summary
World construction industry
Un-Sustainable vs. Sustainable development
Sustainable construction
Construction in Brazil
Bioclimatic architecture
Residencial sector
Commercial sector
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World Construction
The construction is one of the most important economic
sectors in the world.
U$ 3 trillions are expended annually in the world, represent
1/10 of the global economy (CICA, 2002).
It constitutes 30% of the businesses in Europe, 22% in the
USA, 21% in Japan, 23% in the developing countries.
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World Construction
Buildings consume about 40% of the
world energy, 16% of the drinking
water, 25% of the forests woods.
(UNCHS 1993)
They are responsible for 50% of the
CO2 emissions. (Petrocian, 2001)
They consume 30-40% of the
countries total energy demand.
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World Energy Consumption
Primary energy consumption
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
M
t
e
p
USA
Canada
Brazil
Germany
Sweden
United Kingdom
Australia
China
Japan
China
USA
Japan
Germany
Brazil
24%
In Brasil 44.1% of the IEO has origin in renewable sources:
hydroelectric generation and biomass
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Un-sustainable development
Exhaustion of the natural
resources
Greenhouse effect
Serious economic results
Increase in the frequency and
violence of hurricanes and
tropical storms
Increase of the sea level
Displacement of population
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Sustainable development
Ecologically correct
Socially fair
Economically viable
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Sustainable constructions
Beddington Zero Energy Development. 2001. England
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Sustainable constructions
Use of recycled and renewable materials
Use of materials that incorporate low energy
LCA concept for the materials
Use of certified wood
Water use reduction trough rainwater collection and reuse
Project for low maintenance
Recycling of materials
Reduction of pollutants
Preservation of the environment
Use of green roof
Access to public transportation
Energy efficiency
Bioclimatic architecture
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Construction in Brazil
In Brazil the construction sector presents problems in part for
the lack of regulations and guidelines focoused in economy of
natural resources and better performance of the buildings.
More sustainable/bioclimatic architecture is needed and more
regulations
But the context is changing.
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Electrical energy consumption in buildings in Brazil
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Energy Efficiency Law
17/10/2001 Law n 10.295
National policy of Conservation and Rational Use of Energy -
all the equipment and constructions will have to respect
minimum levels of efficiency
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Energy Efficiency in buildings
Its cheaper TO SAVE energy than TO SUPPLY it !!!!
Bioclimatic architecture
Use of renewable energy
Energy efficiency equipments
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Bioclimatic architecture
Bioclimatic architecture relates the study of the climate
applied to architecture, searching with this to improve the
conditions of thermal comfort of the ocupants, through the
use of appropriate project strategies considering the climatic
differences for each place.
Building Thermal performance
Thermal comfort
Heating and passive solar cooling
Daylight
Natural ventilation
Adequate shading
Brazilian bioclimatic zoning NBR 15220-3
CLIMATE + MAN + HABITAT
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Bioclimatic architecture
Climatic data
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Bioclimatic architecture
Project strategies
Materials properties
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Residencial sector
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Final use of energy for the residential sector
Chuveiro
23% consumo
70% saturao
Geladeira
33% con.
75% sat.
Lmpadas
incandescentes
12% consumo
100% saturao
Ar condicionado
7% consumo
6% saturao
Televiso
3% consumo
35% saturao
1990
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Brazilian Standard
Thermal Performance of low income houses and brazilian bioclimatic
zoning - NBR 15220-3
INFORMATION FOR
EACH ZONE:
Project strategies for
summer and winter
Openings for
ventilation (%)
Openings shading
Thermal performance
of the materials
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Sustainable house
ELETROSUL
Efficient House Florianpolis, 2006
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Sustainable house
Project developed with
systems and solutions for
the maximum energy
efficiency and thermal
comfort integrated to the
architectural project.
Efficient House Florianpolis, 2006
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Sustainable house
Implemented technologies:
Bioclimatic adaptation
Fotovoltaic energy
Passive strategies of air conditioning
Solar water heating.
Efficient House Florianpolis, 2006
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Sustainable house
Strategies:
Solar orientation
Crossed ventilation.
Solar shading
Use of local materials with less
environmental impact.
Double glass for windows with
blinds
Efficient House Florianpolis, 2006
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Sustainable house
Rescue of solutions of the
vernacular architecture: use of
the wood stove, heating the
interior of the house in winter.
Concentration of the wet area
on the west side.
Treatment of effluents
Use of solar water heating.
Accesibilility for people with
special needs.
Efficient House Florianpolis, 2006
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Commercial sector
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Electrical Energy end use in offices
Escritrios
IL = 50 %
AC = 34 %
Bancos
IL = 52 %
AC = 34 %
Restaurante
IL = 20 %
AC = 7 %
Shoppings Centers
IL = 49 %
AC = 34 %
Lojas do varejo
IL = 76 %
AC = 12 %
Oficinas
IL = 56 %
AC = 4 %
Posto de
gasolina
IL = 43 %
Servios pessoais
IL = 9 %
AC = 3 %
Mercearias
IL = 25 %
AC = 2 %
1990
Mdia do setor:
IL = 44 %
AC = 20 %
Eq = 36%
Mdia do setor:
IL = 44 %
AC = 20 %
Eq = 36%
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Electrical Energy end use in offices
1990
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Variables that influence the energy consumption
Architecture
Lighting
Equipments
Ocupation
Infiltration/
Ventilation
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Architectural
Shading
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Lighting
Daylight integration
Example:
T5 - 28W
2.900 lm
103,6 lm/W
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Internal load: Equipments
Energy Saver
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Edifcio
INMETRO
Regulation for a label of energy efficiency level for commercial and
public buildings
Regulations and Certification Aproved in september 2006
1. Terminology
2. Introduction
3. Lighting system
4. Conditioning system of air
5. Building envelope
6. Simulation
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Sustainable commercial building
Strategies:
Energy
efficiency
Water
efficiency
Materials and
resources
Indoor
environmental
quality
Project Primavera Green Office Florianpolis
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Primavera Green Office
Strategies
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Energy efficiency in buildings
Efficient building envelope-
bioclimatic
Efficient equipment
Efficient User
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Sustainability?
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We have to change......