Science Study Guide

Heating Earth
1. Energy transfers in three ways: conduction, convection, radiation. Match each one with
the appropriate definition.

Conduction

Convection
Radiation

Heat that travels from sun rays through

air
Heating something by direct contact
The circular movement of air as a result
of uneven heating

2. If I had two cups with the same amount of water, and on top of the cup I covered one cup
with a white sheet of paper and the other with a black sheet of paper? Which colors
absorb more heat? And which water cup will get heated more?
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3. The earth is covered with 7o % water and 20% earth soil.

a. Which material heats up faster from the solar energy?
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b. Which material cool downs faster in the shade?
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c. Which material takes longer to heat up?
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d. Which one took time to cool down?
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4. Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false.

____ Cold water is denser than hot water.
____ During our class experiment, cold water stayed at the bottom of the vial.
____ Hot water is denser than cold water.
____ Hot water has more kinetic energy.
____ Particles with less heat move more than particles with more heat.
____ Heat transfers from less heated molecules to more heated molecules.
____ Material sink in water if they are denser than water.
____ When water warms up it expands.

5. A boy was at the beach on a hot summer day. He tanned for 20 minutes. Then he had a
long walk by the beach. Then he went for a swim in the beach.
a. The heat he received from tanning is an example of ____________________.
b. The heat he felt from the sand walk is an example of
__________________________.
c. Although the sand and the water received the same solar energy exposure. Why
was the sand hotter than the beach water?
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6. Check the following diagram. It shows the air in a room warming up through a radiator.

a. Fill in the following diagram with the following words: cold, hot, upwards, convection
The ________________ air is at the bottom of the room, it follows ______________________.
Then, the _________________ air sinks. This energy transfer is called ___________________
current.
b. In your own words, discuss why the convection currents flow this way.
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7. When scientists want to learn about anything they conduct experiments to find answers to
their research questions. They have variables and controlled variables to explore their
investigation. For example, when a scientist wanted to explore with seed grows faster, a
tulip seed or a rose seed, he planted the same soil and amount of soil in a pot. He also put
the pot in the same location to make sure it has the same solar exposure.
a. Which are the controlled variables? _______________________________
b. Which is the variable? ____________________________________________