LCD interfacing

LCD HD44780U Hardware configuration LCD pin description LCD command codes LCD data sheet Timing graph Write command sequence Read command sequence

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LCD
LCD 16x2 and 20x2 are preferred HD44780U communication between LCD and 8051 HD44780U 3 control lines , 4 or 8 I/O lines for data bus

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HD44780U

4 bit or 8 bit data bus is user selectable 4 bit data bus requires 7 data lines (3 control lines + 4 lines of data bus) 8 bit data bus requires 11 data lines (3 control lines + 8 lines of data bus) Control lines Enable (EN) Register Select (RS) Read/Write (RW)

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Hardware configuration
8 bit mode

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4 bit mode

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LCD pin descriptions

Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Symbol GND Vcc

VEE

RS R/W E DB0 DB1 DB2 DB3 DB4 DB5 DB6 DB7

I/O I I I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O

Description Ground +5V power supply Contrast control command/data register selection write/read selection Enable The 8-bit data bus The 8-bit data bus The 8-bit data bus The 8-bit data bus The 8-bit data bus The 8-bit data bus The 8-bit data bus The 8-bit data bus

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LCD command codes

Code (hex) Command to LCD Instruction Register 1 Clear display screen 2 Return home 4 Shift cursor to left 5 Shift display right 6 Shift cursor to right 7 Shift display left 8 Display off, Cursor off A Display off, Cursor on C Display on, cursor off E Display on, cursor blinking F Display on, cursor blinking 10 Shift cursor position to left 14 Shift cursor position to right 18 Shift the entire display to the left 1C Shift the entire display to the right 80 Force cursor to beginning of 1st line C0 Force cursor to beginning of 2nd line 38 2 lines and 5x7 matrix

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LCD data sheet

RS RW D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Description 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No Operation Clears display & sets address counter to Clear Display 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 zero. Sets address counter to zero, returns shifted display to original position. Cursor Home 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 DDRAM contents remains unchanged. Sets cursor move direction, and specifies Entry Mode Set 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 I/D S automatic shift. Turns display (D), cursor on/off (C) or Display Control 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 D C B cursor blinking(B). Moves cursor and shift display. DDRAM Cursor/display shift 0 0 0 0 0 1 S/C R/L 0 0 contents remains unchanged. Sets interface data width(DL), number of display lines (N,M) and voltage generator Function Set 0 0 0 0 1 DL N M G 0 control (G). Character Generator Set CGRAM RAM Addr 0 0 0 1 Sets CGRAM Address Set DDRAM 0 0 1 Display Data RAM Address Sets DDRAM Address Addr Busy Flag & Addr 0 1 BF Address Counter Reads Busy Flag & Address Counter Read Data 1 0 Read Data Reads data from CGRAM or DDRAM Instruction NOP Clocks 0 165

3 3 3 3

3 3 3 0 3

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LCD data sheet

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Timing graph

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Write command sequence

Make RS Register Select pin to 'LOW' Make RW- Low to write data to LCD Place the command to be sent on the Port pins Strobe the enable pin from high to low

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LCD Write control function

void LCD_Write_Control (unsigned char D) { unsigned char DL,DH; DH = (D & (0xF0)); // Get High nibble in P2.7 -> P2.4 DL = (D & (0x0F))<<4; // Get Low nibble in P2.7 -> P2.4 LCD_RS = 0; //LCD_RW=0; LCD_Enable = 1 ; LCD_Data=DH ; LCD_Enable = 0 ; LCD_Delay(); LCD_Enable = 1 ; //LCD_Delay(); LCD_Data = DL ; LCD_Enable = 0 ; LCD_Delay(); LCD_Enable = 1 ; }

// Send the 'High nibble' // introduce short delay // introduce short delay // Send the 'Low nibble' // introduce short delay

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LCD Write Data Function

void LCD_Write_Data (unsigned char D) { unsigned char DL,DH; DH = (D & (0xF0)); // Get High nibble in P2.7 -> P2.4 DL = (D & (0x0F))<<4; // Get Low nibble in P2.7 -> P2.4 LCD_RS = 1; //LCD_RW=0; LCD_Enable = 1 ; LCD_Data=DH ; // Send the 'High nibble' LCD_Enable = 0 ; LCD_Delay(); // introduce short delay LCD_Enable = 1 ; //LCD_Delay(); // introduce short delay LCD_Data = DL ; // Send the 'Low nibble' LCD_Enable = 0 ; // introduce short delay LCD_Delay(); LCD_Enable = 1 ; }

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LCD initialization function

void LCD_Init (void){ LCD_Write_Control (0x28); // Function set in 4 bit mode LCD_Delay(); LCD_Delay(); LCD_Write_Control (0x28); // Function set in 4 bit mode LCD_Delay(); LCD_Delay(); LCD_Write_Control (0x0E); // Display On cursor blink LCD_Delay(); LCD_Delay(); LCD_Write_Control (0x01); // // Clear Display LCD_Delay(); LCD_Delay(); LCD_Write_Control (0x01); // // Clear Display LCD_Delay(); LCD_Delay(); }

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Write data sequence

Make RS Register Select pin to 'HIGH' Make RW- Low to write data to LCD Place the command to be sent on the Port pins Strobe the enable pin from high to low

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7segment display interfacing

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7segment display interfacing

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Sample program to interface 7-segment LED

#include<reg51.h> sbit LedSegCtrl = P0^1; void main() { unsigned char SegLed_7[16] = {0xC0,0xF9,0xA4,0xB0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xF8,0x80,0x98,0x88,0x83,0xC6,0xA1,0x84,0x8E}; unsigned char count; unsigned int i ; LedSegCtrl = 0; while(1) { for (count = 0;count <16;count++) { P2 = SegLed_7[count]; for (i=0;i<35000;i++); } } }

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ADC Interfacing

ADC0809 Features
8 bit ADC (Resolution 8 bits ) Input Channels 8 Interface Type ---Parallel Max Sample Rate 10 ksps Supply Voltage 4.5 Volt to 6 Volt External Reference Source Operating Temperature Min -40 deg C to 85 deg C

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ADC0809 block diagram

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ADC0809 pin diagram

Pin diagram 0809

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ADC channel selection

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ADC0809 Vref
Relationship between Vref and Vin

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ADC0809 timing diagram

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