USB Impact Accelerometer Models X500-2, X250-2, X50-2

1 Features
3-axis accelerometer 500g, 250g, or 50g range 14-bit resolution User selectable sample rates of 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, and 512 nternal !i"ol# batter# c$arges %ia U&' User selectable deadband and trigger (ccurate )5 ""*+ time stamped data using ,eal -ime .loc/ ),-.+ 0ata recorded to a remo%able micro&0 card )21' included+ 2asil# readable comma separated text data files 0ata transfer compatible 3it$ 4indo3s or !inux %ia Uni%ersal &erial 'us )U&'+ interface )no special soft3are+ &#stem appears as U&' *ass &torage 0e%ice to 4indo3s and !inux 5&6s7 4eig$s 172o8 )33g+ !20 indicator lig$ts for s#stem status

2 Applications
-$e 9500-2, 9250-2 and 950-2 are applicable to man# pro:ects and experiments in%ol%ing $ig$ accelerations; "ro:ectile impact studies <uman trauma monitoring 2ducational purposes

3 Description
-$e U&' mpact (ccelerometers pro%ide 14bit (=0 resolution in eac$ of t$ree axes, precise time stamped data logging, micro&0 memor# storage, and eas# U&' connecti%it#7 (cceleration is collected in 9, >, and ? axes and stored at a rate of up to 512<87 4$en connected %ia t$e U&' to a personal computer, t$e data logger appears as a standard mass storage de%ice containing t$e comma delimited data files and user setup files7 -$e internal lit$ium-pol#mer batter# c$arges using t$e U&' po3er and pro%ides approximatel# 3 $ours of data recording at 512<87 -$e data logger is a%ailable 3it$ 50g, 250g, or 500g sensors7

Fi ure 1! USB Impact Accelerometer Data "o

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USB Impact Accelerometer Models X500-2, X250-2, X50-2 3.1 Operating Instructions
-$e 9500-2, 9250-2 and 950-2 are economical solutions for e%aluating $ig$ g-force e%ents7 -$e s#stem is designed to pro%ide a simple met$od to gat$er impact data and @uic/l# deli%er t$e information for anal#sis7 -$e follo3ing instructions outline t$e steps to begin using t$e 9500-2, 9250-2 or 950-2 products7 .onfiguration settings and mounting met$ods 3ill depend on t$e particular application7 &tep 1; 2nsure t$e internal lit$ium-pol#mer batter# is full# c$arged b# plugging t$e de%ice into a computer U&' port7 -$e red !201 3ill turn off 3$en t$e batter# is full# c$arged )see section 37272+7 n 4indo3s, do not use Aotepad as t$e editor does not terminate ne3 lines properl#7 1.0. recommends 4indo3s 4ordpad to edit t$e config7txt file7 &tep 2; .onfigure t$e de%ice b# editing t$e appropriate tags in t$e config7txt file7 ,efer to section 37274 for configuration options7 &tep 3; f necessar#, initiali8e t$e ,-. cloc/ b# creating a time7txt file )see section 37276+7 &etting t$e ,-. ensures t$at recorded data can be correlated to absolute time7 &tep 4; Unplug t$e de%ice from t$e U&' port and firml# attac$ t$e s#stem to t$e target ob:ect7 0epending on t$e g-force intensit# expected, tape, tie3raps, pipe clamps, or glue are suitable met$ods of attac$ment7 -$e 07B5C D6-32 scre3 can be replaced 3it$ a longer scre3 to firml# attac$ t$e enclosure to t$e target ob:ect7 &tep 5; "ress t$e button located at t$e rear of t$e enclosure to initiate data recording, )see Eigure 2+7 -$e red !201 3ill blin/ as t$e configuration file is accessed7 f t$e time7txt file is present, t$e ,-. is initiali8ed 3it$ t$e time 3ritten in t$e file7 -$en, t$e blue !202 3ill begin to blin/ at one second inter%als indicating t$e s#stem is operating7 -$e red !201 3ill blin/ periodicall# as data is 3ritten to t$e micro&0 card7 &tep 6; -o stop recording, press and $old t$e button for about 3 seconds7 -$e red !201 and blue !202 3ill blin/ rapidl# for 2 seconds and t$en turn off7 ,elease t$e button and t$e de%ice turns off7 0ata recording is restarted b# pressing t$e button again )see &tep 5+7

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USB Impact Accelerometer Models X500-2, X250-2, X50-2 3.2 Electrical

3$2$1 Sensor
-$e 9500-2, 9250-2, and 950-2 data loggers use analog *2*& accelerometer sensors7 -$e sensors and serial number tags are color coded according to sensor range; 500g F blueG 250g F 3$ite )or no color+G 50g F red7 -$e logger 15 c$aracter serial number starts 3it$ ..0.1999, 3$ere 999 is 500 )500g+, or 250 )250g+, or 050 )50g+7 (ll configurations use a semi-transparent blue plastic enclosure7 -$e analog sensors commonl# ex$ibit an offset error of 2-3H due to t$e biased %oltage output7 &ubtract or add t$e appropriate amount to cancel t$e offset error and produce a accurate reading t$roug$out t$e full-scale7 -$e 250g and 50g %ersions ex$ibit a -3db roll off at 400<8, 3$ic$ means t$at t$e signals be#ond 400<8 3ill be attenuated7 -$e 500g sensors $a%e significantl# better response capabilit# 3it$ a -3db roll off at 32I<87 %a&le 1! Accelerometer Sensor '#aracteristics Parameter Min
(cceleration range ,esolution !inearit# -3d' Ere@uenc# 32I

X500-2 Typ
500 070J16 072 32I 270 32I 360

X250-2 Max Min Typ

250 070381 072 400 270 440 360

X50-2 Max Min Typ

50 070080 072 400 270 440

Units Max
g g=count HE& <8

)* )X )+

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USB Impact Accelerometer Models X500-2, X250-2, X50-2

3$2$2 Indicator ",Ds
&#stem status is indicated b# t$e t3o !20s )see Eigure 4+7 -$e blue !202 blin/s once per second indicating a properl# operating s#stem7 -$e red !201 3ill lig$t 3$en t$e de%ice is connected %ia t$e U&' and t$e lit$ium-pol#mer batter# is c$arging7 -$e !20 c$arge indicator 3ill turn off 3$en t$e batter# is full# c$arged7 n data logging mode, t$e red !201 blin/s 3$en data is 3ritten or read from t$e micro&0 memor# card7 -$e period at 3$ic$ t$e red !201 blin/s depends on t$e sample rate and ot$er configuration settings7 -$e red !201 3ill also blin/ diml# 3it$ U&' <uman nterface 0e%ice )< 0+ communication acti%it# 3$en connected to a ".7 -$e KstatusindicatorsC tag in t$e s#stem configuration file turns off or c$anges t$e brig$tness of t$e !20 status indicators )see section 37274711+7 LE 1

LE 2 Fi ure -! ",D Indicators

3$2$3 Batter.
-$e data logger is po3ered b# a internal, $ard3ired 250m($ lit$ium-pol#mer rec$argeable batter#7 -$e internal batter# management s#stem rec$arges t$e batter# 3$en t$e de%ice is plugged into a U&' port or attac$ed to a U&' 5% po3er adapter7 -$e red !201 turns on 3$en t$e batter# is c$arging and off 3$en t$e batter# reac$es full c$arge7 -$e batter# pro%ides approximatel# 3 $ours of operation sampling at 512<8 3it$ t$e deadband set to 8ero )maximum data recording capabilit#+7 -$e batter# is not used 3$en t$e s#stem is connected to a computer U&' port7 ( 5% suppl# %ia t$e U&' connector pro%ides extended operation of t$e de%ice independent of t$e internal batter#7 .ommon U&' po3er adapters or U&' batter# pac/s for consumer electronics can pro%ide t$e re@uired 5% suppl#7 &ee section 37274712 for more details7 ,emo%e t$e t3o pin connector located near t$e batter# )see Eigure 4+ to disconnect t$e batter# and reset t$e de%ice7 ,esetting t$e de%ice does not affect data stored on t$e micro&0 card7

3$2$- S.stem 'on/i uration (ptions

-$e de%ice is configured using a set of tags and settings stored in a text file named Kconfig7txtC, 3$ic$ is located in t$e root director# of t$e micro&0 card7 -$e s#stem reads t$e configuration file at boot time7 -able 2 lists t$e configuration file tags7 ( tag is follo3ed b# an e@ual sign )KLC+ and an applicable tag setting7 ( line finis$es 3it$ a ne3line c$aracter )Eor 4indo3s s#stems, Wordpad is recommended for editing t$e config7txt file7 Notepad does not terminate lines appropriatel#+7 -ags are not case sensiti%e7 -ab and space c$aracters are ignored7 !ines starting 3it$ a semicolon )KGC+ are treated as comments and ignored b# t$e s#stem7 -$e s#stem 3ill use t$e default settings listed in -able 2 if t$e config7txt file is not found7

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USB Impact Accelerometer Models X500-2, X250-2, X50-2

%a&le 2! 'on/i uration File %a s and Descriptions Ta!
deadband

"a#i$ %ettin!s
(n integer bet3een 0 and 32B6B

e&au#t
0

es'ripti(n
&ets t$e deadband to a range expressed in KcountsC7 ( ne3 sample is recorded if an# sensor axis exceeds t$e pre%ious recorded reading b# t$e deadband %alue &pecifies t$e period in seconds 3$en a sample is recorded regardless of t$e deadband setting7 -$is feature ensures periodic data is recorded during %er# long periods of inacti%it#7 -$e number of samples recorded after a deadband t$res$old triggered e%ent -$e presence of t$is tag sets t$e de%ice to record time stamps 3it$ 071ms effecti%e precision7 -$e presence of t$is tag causes t$e s#stem to start recording after disconnect from a U&' port7 Eine ad:ustment for ,-. correction -$e number of lines of data per data file before a ne3 file is created &ets t$e rate at 3$ic$ data is collected and recorded to t$e micro&0 card7 0efines 3$en to start and stop recording &tops data logging if 5% U&' po3er is present )see section 37274710+ !20 status indicators can be acti%ated 3it$ normal brig$tness )Aormal+, acti%ated 3it$ $ig$ brig$tness )<ig$+, or completel# deacti%ated )5ff+7 &tops U&' if no $ost communications detected )see section 37274712+

deadbandtimeout

(n integer bet3een 0 and 65535

d3ell microres rebootondisconnect rtccloc/trim samplesperfile samplerate starttime and stoptime stopon%usb statusindicators

(n integer bet3een 0 and 65535 (n integer bet3een -12B and 128 (n integer greater t$an 0 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512 &ee section 372747J KAormalC, K<ig$C, K5ffC -

1 5ff off on disconnect 0 288J6 256 5ff Aormal

timeoutonusb

5ff

3)2)*)1

$ea$ban$

KdeadbandC defines t$e minimum difference bet3een recorded sensor readings7 ( ne3 sample from t$e accelerometer sensor must exceed t$e pre%ious recorded reading before t$e microcontroller records t$e data7 -$e deadband setting is expressed in McountsM units and is applied to t$e output of eac$ axis7 -able 3 lists t$e e@uations necessar# to con%ert a desired g t$res$old to deadband counts7 -$e deadband %alue can be set to an integer bet3een 0 and 32B6B7 -$e deadband function is an effecti%e 3a# to reduce t$e amount of data collected and extend t$e s#stem batter# life7 -$e deadband functions as a e%ent t$res$old limit 3$en used in con:unction 3it$ t$e Kd3ellC feature7

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USB Impact Accelerometer Models X500-2, X250-2, X50-2

%a&le 3! Dead&and 'alculation M($e#
9500-2 9250-2 950-2

ea$ban$ +(unts
16384Ng=1500 16384Ng=625 16384Ng=130

Fi ure 5! 0rap#ical Illustration o/ t#e Dead&and Feature

3)2)*)2

$ea$ban$time(ut

KdeadbandtimeoutC defines t$e period in seconds 3$en a sample is recorded b# t$e de%ice regardless of t$e deadband setting7 -$is feature ensures periodic data is recorded during extended periods of inacti%it#7 ( %alid setting for t$e deadbandtimeout is an integer bet3een 0 and 655357

3)2)*)3

$,e##

-$e Kd3ellC tag defines t$e number of consecuti%e samples recorded at t$e set sample rate after a deadband t$res$old e%ent7 -$e deadband t$res$old e%ent occurs 3$en a sensor reading exceeds t$e last recorded %alue b# t$e deadband setting7 ( %alid d3ell setting is an integer bet3een 0 and 655357

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USB Impact Accelerometer Models X500-2, X250-2, X50-2

Fi ure 1! 0rap#ical Illustration o/ t#e D2ell Feature

3)2)*)*

mi'r(res

-$e KmicroresC option sets t$e de%ice to record time stamps 3it$ 071ms precision7 n micro-resolution mode, t$e time stamps are recorded as 997>>>>?? 3$ere 99 are seconds, >>>> are 071 milliseconds, and ?? are spurious digits t$at s$ould be ignored7 -$e micro-resolution option s$ould be implemented at sample rates of 128 $ert8 or greater to pro%ide t$e best timing precision7

3)2)*)5

reb((t(n$is'(nne't

-$e de%ice incorporates an on=off button for initiating and terminating t$e data recording process7 0ata recording automaticall# starts upon disconnect from a computer U&' port if t$e tag 3ord KrebootondisconnectC is included in t$e configuration file7

3)2)*)-

rt''#('.trim

-$e Krtcclcoc/trimC setting ad:usts t$e ,-. oscillator fre@uenc#7 "ositi%e %alues increase t$e oscillation period )lo3er fre@uenc#+ and negati%e %alues decrease t$e oscillation period )$ig$er fre@uenc#+7 ( %alid setting is an integer bet3een -12B and 1287 '# default, t$e ,-. pro%ides O=2ppm )parts per million+ precision bet3een 0P. and 40P.7 -$is feature s$ould be used b# ad%anced users onl#7

3)2)*)/

samp#esper&i#e

KsamplesperfileC defines t$e number of data lines eac$ file can $a%e before a ne3 file is created7 -$is tag controls t$e si8e of t$e data files into easil# manageable lengt$s for later processing7 -$e user s$ould exercise caution before setting large files and test t$e end-user application for data limitations7 Users s$ould limit t$e maximum file si8e to no more t$an 500000 lines7 February 2013 Rev K 3337gcdataconcepts7com B of 14

USB Impact Accelerometer Models X500-2, X250-2, X50-2

3)2)*)0 samp#erate
-$e KsamplerateC tag defines t$e inter%al t$at data is recorded in <ert8, or samples per second7 Qalid sample rate settings are 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 and 512 <87 (t 128 <8 or greater, t$e configuration file s$ould also include t$e KmicroresC tag to pro%ide t$e best timing precision )see section 3727474+7 ( s$ort data drop out occurs 3$en a ne3 memor# cluster is allocated on t$e micro&0 card7 -$e data drop is more li/el# to occur 3it$ sample rates abo%e 128<87 "eriodicall# remo%e old data files or reformat t$e micro&0 card to $elp reduce t$e memor# allocation dela#s )see section 3727B+7

3)2)*)1

starttime an$ st(ptime

-$e de%ice starts and stops data recording based on t$e times defined using t$e KstarttimeC and KstoptimeC tags7 -$e times must be in K** << 00C 24-$r format 3it$ t$e t$ree entries separated b# a space7 2ntries mar/ed 3it$ KNC operate as a 3ild card7 -$e de%ice continues to record after t$e start time unless defined ot$er3ise b# t$e stoptime tag7 Aote t$at t$e configuration option does not include t$e mont$7 2xample timing configurations; Examp#e 1; 5n t$e 15t$ da#, start recording at 12;30pm and stop recording at 6;00pm7 starttime L 30 12 15 stoptime L 00 18 15 Examp#e 22 &tart recording at t$e beginning of e%er# $our and stop recording 45 minutes later7 starttime L 00 N stoptime L 45 N

3)2)*)10

st(p(nvusb

-$e Kstopon%usbC tag stops data logging operations 3$en a 5% suppl# is detected on t$e U&' connector7 '# default, t$e de%ice s3itc$es po3er from t$e internal batter# to t$e U&' 5% and continues to log data7

3)2)*)11

statusin$i'at(rs

-$e brig$tness intensit# of t$e !20 status indicators is defined using t$e KstatusindicatorsC tag and %alid settings of KnormalC, K$ig$C, and KoffC7

3)2)*)12

time(ut(nusb

-$e KtimeoutonusbC tag returns t$e microprocessor to normal operating speed if no U&' communications are detected 3it$in B seconds after connection to a U&' port7 -$is reduces t$e po3er re@uirements 3$en operated from an external 5% U&' suppl#7 '# default, t$e microprocessor continues at $ig$-speed mode 3aiting for U&' communications7 Utili8e t$e timeoutonusb feature 3$en operating t$e de%ice from an external 5% U&' batter# pac/7

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USB Impact Accelerometer Models X500-2, X250-2, X50-2

3)2)*)13 Examp#e +(n&i!urati(n Fi#es
-$e follo3ing example configurations use t$e 9250-2 model to describe t$e basic features of t$e data logger7 -$e concepts are also applicable to t$e 9500-2 and 950-2 models but t$e specific settings reference t$e 9250-2 model7 2xample (+ -$e follo3ing configuration records data constantl# at 256 $ert87 -$e de%ice 3ill initiate data logging 3it$ a press of t$e on=off button7 0ata files are 50,000 lines long or about 3 minutes eac$7

Fi ure 3! 'on/i uration File ,4ample A 2xample '+ -$e de%ice 3ill record 3 seconds of data at 512$8 if motion abo%e 20g is detected on an# axis7 ( data sample is recorded e%er# 5 minutes7 -$e 9250-2 boots and begins operation once disconnected from a $ost U&' port7

Fi ure 5! 'on/i uration File ,4ample B

3$2$5 Data Files

0ata is 3ritten to files in comma separated text format starting 3it$ t$e file $eader information and follo3ed b# data entries7 -$e $eader describes t$e s#stem configuration, firm3are %ersion, and t$e precise time 3$en t$e file 3as created7 2ac$ $eader line is preceded 3it$ a semicolon )KGC+7 -able 5 lists t$e %alid $eader tags7 0ata entries include a time stamp and t$e ra3 accelerometer sensor readings from t$e 9, >, and ? axes7 -$e time stamp is seconds elapsed from t$e start time recorded in t$e $eader7 -$e ra3 sensor data format is signed digital KcountsC from t$e (=0 con%erter7 -able 4 lists t$e e@uations for con%erting t$e counts data into g )standard acceleration of gra%it#+7 -$e de%ice creates a ne3 data file 3$en t$e s#stem is booted or 3$en t$e maximum number of data lines is reac$ed in t$e pre%ious data file7 ( s#stem boot condition occurs 3$en t$e on=off button is pressed, 5% po3er is restored to t$e s#stem %ia t$e U&' connector, or 3$en t$e de%ice is remo%ed from a computer U&' port 3it$ t$e KrebootondisconnectC feature enabled7 0ata files are placed in a folder named K1.0.C and are named data-9997cs%, 3$ere 999 is a se@uential number starting 3it$ 0017 -$e s#stem 3ill create up to JJJ files7 Eigure J represents an example data file7

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USB Impact Accelerometer Models X500-2, X250-2, X50-2

-$e last line of t$e final data file records t$e reason for t$e termination, suc$ as Ks$utdo3n; s3itc$ed offC, Ks$utdo3n; lo3 batter#C, Ks$utdo3n; max files exceededC, Ks$utdo3n; %bus disconnectC, or Kconnected to computerC7 -$e line is designated as a comment 3it$ a semicolon )KGC+7

Fi ure 6! ,4ample Data File %a&le -! 'on7ertin 8a2 'ounts Data to M($e#
9500-2 9250-2 950-2

Units

!
)counts+ N 1500 = 16384 )counts+ N 625 = 16384 )counts+ N 130 = 16384

%a&le 5! Data File 9eader %a s Ta!

0eadband 0eadband-imeout 0ecimate 03ell <eaders &ample,ate &tartR-ime &3itc$ -emperature -itle Qbat Qersion

es'ripti(n
( ne3 sample from t$e sensor must exceed t$e last reading b# t$e deadband %alue -$e period in seconds 3$en a sample is recorded regardless of t$e deadband setting &ee section 5 -$e number of samples recorded after a t$res$old e%ent -$e names of eac$ column of data in t$e file ,ate at 3$ic$ data is recorded to t$e micro&0 card -$e current time 3$en t$e data file 3as created (uxiliar# digital input )not used+ -emperature of sensor in P. 3$en data file 3as created -$e name of t$e U&' (ccelerometer unit 'atter# %oltage measured at t$e start time -$e %ersion control information of t$e firm3are, including uni@ue serial number

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USB Impact Accelerometer Models X500-2, X250-2, X50-2

3$2$1 8eal %ime 'loc:
( real time cloc/ ),-.+ is used to determine time for eac$ line of data recorded7 nitiali8ing t$e ,-. ensures t$at t$e start time and indi%idual time stamps can be correlated to an absolute time7 (n uninitiali8ed or reset ,-. defaults to t$e first da# of t$e #ear 1J007 -$e ,-. is set using a text file named Ktime7txtC located in t$e root director# of t$e micro&0 card7 -$e s#stem loo/s for t$e time7txt file upon booting7 f t$e file exists, t$e time stored in t$e file is loaded to t$e ,-. and t$e time7txt file is deleted7 -$e time information in t$e time7txt file must be in t$e exact K####-**-dd <<;mm;ssC 24-$our format, occur on t$e first line, and end 3it$ a ne3line c$aracter7 -$e time file met$od of setting t$e ,-. does not re@uire special communication dri%ers so it can be implemented using a text editor7 0irect initiali8ation of t$e ,-. is possible but re@uires specific de%ice dri%ers from 1ulf .oast 0ata .oncepts7 -$e ,-. maintains 5ppm accurac# )0P. to O40P.+ and is po3ered b# t$e lit$ium-pol#mer batter# or t$e U&' po3er 3$en a%ailable7 -$e ,-. also pro%ides t$e s#stem temperature )P.+ recorded to t$e $eader of eac$ data file7

3$2$3 Memor. 'ard

-$e de%ice stores data to a remo%able micro&0 flas$ memor# card7 -$e s#stem is compatible 3it$ micro&0 and micro&0<. cards up to 21' in si8e7 -$e de%ice 3ill create a folder called K1.0.C, if not alread# present, to place t$e data files )see section 37275+7 -$e Kconfig7txtC and Ktime7txtC files must occur in t$e root director# )see section 37274 and section 37276+7 -$e data logger functions as a *ass &torage 0e%ice to computer operating s#stems 3$en transferring data to and from t$e micro&0 memor# card7 -$e micro&0 card included 3it$ t$e data logger performs as a .lass 4 card7 Easter cards )$ig$ class rating+ 3ill impro%e performance slig$tl# but t$e o%erall logging rate is limited to t$e micro-controller and data bus to t$e micro&0 card7 5ccasional 3rite dela#s are caused b# ne3 memor# allocations on t$e card, 3$ic$ can cause data drops7 'est performance is maintained b# periodicall# clearing old data files, defragmenting t$e card, or reformatting t$e card7 -$e memor# card must be formatted to E(-16 for proper operation of t$e data logger, 3$ic$ limits t$e maximum memor# space to 21'7 Using 4indo3s, t$e card must be formatted using t$e KE(-C file s#stem and t$e default allocation si8e7

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USB Impact Accelerometer Models X500-2, X250-2, X50-2 3.3 Mechanical

-$e electronics are enclosed in a t$ree-part semi-transparent blue plastic enclosure7 -$e top and bottom enclosure components and t$e printed circuit board are secured toget$er 3it$ a 07B5C long D632 scre3 and nut7 !onger scre3 lengt$s can facilitate attac$ment of t$e data logger to ot$er structures7 ( slip-on cap protects t$e U&' connector7 -$e de%ice 3eig$s 172o8 )33g+7

3$3$1 Dimensions

1.04

1.01

4.10

Fi ure 10! ,nclosure Dimensions

3$3$2 Assem&l.
0.75" Length #6-32 Machine Screw PCB Encl !"re #$ %& PCB Encl !"re #Ca%& (n)(** B"tt n

#6-32 +e, -"t

PCB Encl !"re #B tt '&

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USB Impact Accelerometer Models X500-2, X250-2, X50-2

- So/t2are
-$e de%ice records data to comma delimited text files and uses text based files for configuration settings7 -$erefore, no special soft3are is re@uired to utili8e t$e data loggers7 <o3e%er, 1ulf .oast 0ata .oncepts pro%ides t$e Sa%a based soft3are program XLR8R t$at allo3s eas# %isual presentation of t$e data, cop#-paste export of data segments, as 3ell as configuration file and time file creation utilities7 XLR8R is included on t$e micro&0 card of eac$ unit or can be do3nloaded from t$e 3ebsite at 3337gcdataconcepts7com7 Eor data anal#sis, 1ulf .oast 0ata .oncepts recommends using a commercial or open source mat$ematics pac/age, suc$ as *at!ab, *icrosoft 2xcel, 5pen5ffice .alc, 5cta%e, ,, or similar applications7

5 Special ,4perimental Features

-$e microprocessor samples t$e accelerometer sensors at 16 times t$e re@uested rate using a 10-bit (0 con%erter7 Eor example, at 512<8 t$e sensor is actuall# sampled at 81J2<87 -$e data is summed and decimated b# a factor of 167 -$is increases t$e sample resolution to 14-bit7 -$e data logger can be configured 3it$ a smaller decimation factor7 -$is effecti%el# increases t$e recorded sample rate at t$e cost of resolution7 -$e decimation rate is controlled b# adding Mdecimate L 9M in t$e configuration file, 3$ere M9M is a %alue of 16, 8, 4, or 27 Eor example, a decimate factor of 8 reduces t$e resolution to 13-bit but doubles t$e sample rate to 1024 $ert87 Aote t$at t$e data file 3ill s$o3 K&ample,ate, 512, <8C and K0ecimation, 8C )t$e timing %alues 3ill be 1024 $ert8+7 &ince t$e decimation factor affects t$e resolution, t$e con%ersion e@uations also c$ange7 %a&le 1! Decimation Factors e'imate Fa't(r 16 8 4 2 %e#e'te$ E&&e'tive 3it %amp#e Rate %amp#e Rate Res(#uti(n 512 512 512 512 512 1024 2048 40J6 14 13 12 11 ! )counts+ N E& = 16384 )counts+ N E& = 81J2 )counts+ N E& = 40J6 )counts+ N E& = 2048

E&L1500 for 9500-2, E&L625 for 9250-2, E&L130 for 950-2 -$e microprocessor is limited b# t$e small memor# cac$e so t$e data 3ill not stream continuousl# at t$ese $ig$ rates7 -$e data 3ill burst 3it$ about 16 samples7 <o3e%er, t$e decimate feature 3ill allo3 t$e data logger to function as a pea/ recorder 3it$ up to a 4I sample rate7 0ecimation factors of 8 and 4 usuall# 3or/ 3ell depending on t$e @ualit# of t$e micro&0 card7 <o3e%er, at decimation of 2 t$e micro&0 card 3ill fault on most units and t$e data logger 3ill not operate7 -$e decimate feature is considered an experimental configuration option7

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USB Impact Accelerometer Models X500-2, X250-2, X50-2

Fi ure 12! ,4ample 'on/i uration Usin Decimate Feature -$e 9500-2 configuration in Eigure 12 3ill record 32 samples at 2048<8 once a 20g t$res$old is detected on an# axis7 -$e micro-resolution is not acti%ated so fe3er c$aracters are 3ritten to t$e micro&0 card7 Eurt$ermore, t$e 071ms precision micro-resolution is not ade@uate to measure a 2048<8 sample rate )0748ms period+7 n t$e case of suc$ fast data rates, it is better to reduce t$e c$aracter stream and assume t$e recorded sample rate is accurate7

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