APEC:1) a) Discuss and analyze the need for power factor correction /improvement in converters.

b) Discuss the operation of 3-phase boost PFC converter. 2) a) Explain briefly the various modulation techniques employed in 1-phase PWM inverters. b) Discuss the trapezoidal and stair case modulation techniques for performance improvement of 1- Phase inverter. 3) a) Discuss modified PWM techniques. b) Explain principle of operation of voltage control for single phase inverters using trapezoidal, stair Case, stepped and harmonic injection modulation methods. 4) a) Explain principle of operation of diode clamped multi level inverter. b) Compare cascaded multilevel inverter with other multilevel inverter using necessary diagram. ***************************************************************************************************

EMMA:1) Derive mathematical modeling of 1-phase induction machine. 2) Deduce expression for voltage and torque of 3-phase induction machine in stator reference model and rotor reference model. 3) Derive voltage expressions in the rotors dq0 reference frame. 4) Discuss mathematical modeling of BLDC motor and switched reluctance motor. ***************************************************************************************************

HVDC:1) Explain the objective of dc power modulation in detail. 2) Discuss series multi terminal hvdc system and its control. 3) What are the over voltages due to disturbances on AC system side explain them. 4) Explain factors responsible for generation of harmonic voltage and current harmonics effect of variation of alpha and mu. ***************************************************************************************************

PQM:1) a)Discuss the effect of harmonic distribution in electrical power distribution system. b) Discuss about various harmonic sources from commercial loads and industrial loads. 2) a)Discuss in detail any two mitigation techniques for harmonics. b) Explain the various factors involved in designing a harmonic filter. 3) a) Explain the importance of capacitors for long duration voltage variations . b) What are the steps to be taken to regulate utility with distributed resources? 4) a) Discuss briefly about typical wiring and grounding problems.

b) Explain about solution to wiring and grounding problem.

FACTS:1) a) Briefly explain the transient stability enhancement and power oscillation damping with static VAr compensation? b) Describe the operating point control scheme of static VAr compensator? 2) Explain the methods of Controllable VAr generation? 3) a) Draw and explain the V-I characteristics of the SVC and the STATCOM? b) Explain the transient stability enhancement with STATCOM? 4) a) What are the objectives of the series compensator? b) Explain the GTO Thyristor controlled series capacitor? *********************************************************************************************************

ELECTRIC DRIVES:1) Explain the operation of a two-quadrant D.C chopper fed separately excited D.C motor exhibiting forward motoring and forward regeneration modes with neat circuit diagram and waveforms. Also give the speed torque characteristics? 2) Obtain the expression for the fundamental pulsating torque of a chopper controlled Dc motor? 3) Discuss about the operation of closed loop two quadrant and four quadrants DC motor drives? 4) Derive the D.C motor equations in state variable form including equations of current controller and speed controller for a closed loop block diagram of a separately excited D.C motor drive? *********************************************************************************************************