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NEWS LETTER OF

ARMARC
SEPT -2009 Vol 1.87
Editorial -ression causes a loss of neurons making lack in
Literally memory is cognitive processes whereby past concentration. Vitamin B12 protects the neuron and due
experience is remembered. When new information enters to inability of its absorption memory loss may be caused.
through neurons to place of memory storage of brain and Similarly imbalanced metabolism of thyroid may cause
encoding of this information getting signal from such loss as fast metabolism may raise confusion while
hippocampus is memory. Such encoding is done by slow one may cause depression.
activation of same pattern of nerve cells used to store There are some practices which make healthy
such information. Several factors as age-related memory or may inhibit memory loss due to aging as:
deterioration of hippocampus, relative loss of neurons 1. Regular exercise: Exercise brings more oxygen to
with age affecting the activity of brain chemicals called brain and it may also reduce the chances of
cardiovascular disorders or diabetes, prime causes of
neurotransmitters and their receptors, decreased supply
memory loss. It may enhance the effect of chemicals
of blood flow to brain etc. cause the aging brains to needed for memory. Simply playing games that involve
experience changes in ability in retaining and retrieving strategy, like chess or bridge, and word games like
memories. But numbers of brain functions are unaffected scrabble; playing crossword and other word puzzles,
of normal aging like same type of work with repetition, or number puzzles such as sudoku; reading newspaper,
the wisdom and knowledge of experience, common magazines writing down the things etc. are also better
sense, reasonable arguments and judgments, learning of exercise for the brain.
new skills and making then in routine etc. 2. Healthy diet: Such type of diets carry antioxidants,
Memory loss due to aging has different position on vitamins etc. to brain cells and avoid the deposition of
scale of intensity depending of types as normal fats what may cause the stroke and other disorders.
forgetfulness like forgetting the place of things, names, 3. Managing stress: Cortisol, a stress hormone is
appointments etc. are not considered as dementia and responsible for damage of hippocampus and stress also
brings confusion and inability to concentrate.
they have little impact on daily performance whereas mild
4. Good sleep: Apnea and insomnia do not allow
cognitive impairment (MCI) is beyond normal one. Here concentrating and hence it is necessary to have a good
the forgetfulness begins to have consequences where sleep.
inability to remember details of something seen or read 5. Inhibition of smoking: Smoking heightens the risks of
few minutes ago is attended carefully. This is also vascular disorders that can cause constriction of arteries
considered by some experts as precursor of Alzheimer’s carrying blood to brain.
and it is true that people with MCI do develop Alzheimer’s 6. Some medications mentioned in ayurveda by name
at higher rates than the general one. But MCI differs from of memory enhancers like Shankhpushpi,
Alzheimer’s and people with MCI can manage their Mandookparni, Jyotishmati etc. can be given under
routine tasks independently, though they may struggle to guidance to manage the memory loss but exercise and
do so. Alzheimer’s disease is a general mental self-will are important to be practiced.
deterioration due to organic or psychological factors and In This Issue
this is characterized by disorientation, impaired memory,
judgment and intellect and a shallow labile effect. There
1) RELEVANCE OF BIO-DIVERSITY AND
are other factors causing various different forms of
TISSUE CULTURE IN AYURVEDA
dementia. Other than these, conditions of living and life-
style may also cause memory loss due to aging as lead, 2) ARKA KALPANA (DISTILLATION)
mercury, carbon monoxide etc. may cause memory loss 3) Formulation Profile (Series-A/10)
or inability to concentrate while coming in contact. The Kalanusaryaditaila
side-effects of many drugs interfere with neurotransmitters 4) Herbal Drug Profile (Series-A/11)
essential to memory while excessive alcohol intake or Kuchala (Nux-vomica)
consumption of hallucinogenic drugs hinder the function
of neurotransmitters needed for memory. Persistent dep
Newsletter of ARMARC 2 SEPT -2009
RELEVANCE OF BIO-DIVERSITY AND The composition of drugs and their properties is
TISSUE CULTURE IN AYURVEDA dealt on the basis of Panchmahabhut with their
application on the basis of Triodosh. All substances can
Ravindra Prakash, Dr. Prashant Kumar Jha,
M.Pharma (Ayu) Final Yr., Head, Quality Control, be used as drug for medicinal purpose. Any dravya can
PGTSFC, IPGT & RA, ALNRMAC, Koppa be termed as drug only when those are used for a definite
Gujarat Ayurved University
purpose with rationality. The properties of drugs are well
Biodiversity is noticeable heterogeneity of living mentioned in separate branch of Ayurveda very well
beings in particular habitat. People throughout the globe known as Dravyaguna. This is a science of drugs
are directly or indirectly concerned with its application (dravya), their properties (guna) and actions (karma).
right from the basic needs of food, cloth and shelter to It includes the application of drugs and divides drugs in
perfumes, furniture or other accessory items keeping to three types on the basis of origin as Plant products,
health in core as number of traditional medicines used in Animal products and Minerals. Their further classifications
various system of medicines still relies upon living beings. are also well mentioned. The plant products are subdivided
From the earliest times, vaidyas, tribal priests and medicine into four groups as per their source in big trees, small
practicing men used various plants, minerals and animal trees, shrub and herbs. The animal products are also sub-
organs usually association with strange rituals and divided in to four groups as mammalians, birds & fishes,
incantations, to drive out the evil spirits which they believed insects and frogs & earthworm etc.
to the cause of disease. Astonishingly, these magical rites Even today the claimed modern medicine i.e.,
seemed to help. allopathic system of medicine uses directly or indirectly
The uses of plants and animal products for curing more than 50% of the plant and animal products. Hence,
various ailments were figured in ancient manuscripts such the significance of these products automatically comes to
as the Rig-Vedas, the Bible, the Iliad, the Odyssey and central theme. The variety and diversity of drugs available
the History of Herodotus. Chinese are using drug plants for same alteration is only possible while the diversity in
from over 6000 years. The Egyptians, Babylonians, availabilities of these living beings exists and, this is the
Sumerions, Greeks and Romans, all developed their application of biodiversity in Ayurveda. The more
respective characteristic Materia Medica. In India, the diversified population means richer biodiversity and
Ayurvedic System of medicine has been in use for over variety of drugs available for the purpose of Ayurveda.
3000 years. Charak and Sushrut, two of the ancient As in North-eastern states of India or in Western Ghat
authors had sufficient knowledge of the properties of the region, presence of dense population of living beings
Indian Medicinal Plants and other animal drugs. Their especially plants with different species reveal the richer
medical works, Charak Samhita and Sushrut Samhita biodiversity and variety of drugs available and mentioned
are esteemed even today as treasures of literature on in Ayurveda.
indigenous Indian medicine. To meet the loss in biodiversity and lack of plant
The edifice of the drug science of Ayurveda stands materials, tissue culture is applied. Tissue culture is a
on the foundation of basic fundamental principles i.e., phenomenon to regenerate the plant materials/parts or
Panchmahabhut and Tridosh. The five Mahabhutas complete parts in vitro giving with artificial environment
viz.. Prithvi, Aap, Tejas, Vayu and Akash constitute viz., culture medium, temperature, sterilize conditions etc.
the animal body as well as the vegetable /plant and mineral Impacts of Biodiversity: The dependence of Ayurveda
kingdoms. They also include human body especially for on biodiversity is real fact on which very few of us rely in
main object of Ayurveda. This type of similarity in lack of information. But the understanding of these two
constitution of body tissues and drugs is basis of action different streams comforts the scientists, vaidyas and
which is either stimulating or depressing. pharmacists to select the drugs as:
Newsletter of ARMARC 3 SEPT -2009

1. In Ayurveda, drugs are suggested to be taken ropriate data of various pharmacokinetics and
according to place (desh), time (kaal) etc. and clinical testings while checking the effects of drugs
due to changes occurring in thickness of popula- on these cells.
tion of various species at different place, this con 7. It gives the idea about the changes in chemical
compositions with change of external as well as
cept of Ayurveda is being affected.
internal conditions by altering the artificially
2. A collection of facts regarding the availabilities
provided environment.
of drugs in Ayurveda gives the thinking of
8. It may also give the blue-prints of various drugs
alternative drugs in wake of absence of less
used in Ayurveda but now extinct or on the verge
available drugs. Means the fundamental of
of extinction.
Substitute & Adulterants come in origin to fulfill
9. Modifications in herbal medicines on the basis of
the demand of drugs. The mushrooming drug
chemical constituents are possible through tissue
industries and heavy deforestation for diversified
culture to obtain the desired chemicals in more
uses of plants have affected the source of drugs
quantity in new races or varities or cultivars.
and biodiversity. 10. It helps in understanding the physiology at
3. More than ninety percent of the drugs used in molecular level of both plants as well as human
Ayurveda come from plants or animal origin, their being which may reveal the in vitro study of
sources are limited. Hence any unintelligent use molecular interactions and their effects in any type
may cause total failure in balance of biodiversity. of alteration.
4. Number of plants may reach to red line area like Discussion
endangered, vulnerable, on the verge of extinction The Panchmahabhautik combination of
etc. everythings are well mentioned and known and their com-
Benefits of Tissue culture bination are well related with doshas. The any change in
1. Tissue culture may ensure the availabilities of these Mahabhuta may result in change in combination of
drugs when all the needs of tissue culture are Vata, Pitta and Kapha which ultimately may cause or
provided with condition. cure the alterations. Tissue culture gives the option to study
2. It avails the drugs according to the these changes in Mahabhuta by external effects means
phytogeographical conditions avoiding the as per the principles, the change in Mahabhuta of both
variation in constituents and potency of drugs with source and experimental cells can be well exposed and
change in place. enumerated. To check the shortage of quality of drugs at
3. It also makes the drugs potent even after seasonal hand and any imbalance of biodiversity in specific field,
variations as usually drugs collected in winter may the utilization of biotechnology automatically leaves lot of
not have same potency while using in summer. options. Number of drugs viz., Chlorophytum sp.,
4. It may expose the chemicals for chemo- Withania somnifera, Swertia chirata, Coscinum
taxonomy in better way. fenestratum, Rauwolfia serpentina, Saraca asoca etc.
5. Plants provide us new chemical entities (lead have been studied on these aspects and various others
molecules) for the development of drugs against are being studied.
various pharmacological targets, tissue culture Conclusion
The detailed study of drugs and their effects with
helps to study them separately.
use of tissue culture gives chances more advantageous
6. Tissue culture technique gives rise to culture of
study of drugs and their relations with various alterations.
stem cells from human beings as well as from
It also offers more reasons to accept the biotechnology
animals, these cells may help to collect the app-
to maintain the biodiversity and conservation.
Newsletter of ARMARC 4 SEPT -2009
(Continued from Aug edition..........)
ARKA KALPANA (DISTILLATION)
Dr. Mahesh.M.Madalageri Fainal M.D. Guide: Prof.(Dr) D.K.Mishra M.D (Ay), H.O.D.,
Dept. of Bhaishajya Kalpana, Dr.Parshant kumar Jha, Dept. of Quality control Lab ,
A.L.N.Rao Memorial Ayurvedic Medical College,Koppa

1. Stills : possible to secure brass jackets to replace the glass


The apparatus used for the generation of vapour cooling jacket, which greatly reduces the danger of
is known as Still, though the term is frequently used to breakage.
indicate the boiler and condenser collectively. The device (ii) Worm Condenser:
previously used for distillation was known as “alembic” It is a particularly efficient type of condenser, since it offers
which as indicated earlier was an apparatus in which the a much greater cooling surface in proportion to its length
condenser (usually air-cooled) was placed above boiler. than does the straight Liebig condenser. It requires a
With the increased use of the process of distillation, vertical mounting in use.
another type of still came into existence. This was known (iii) Hallock block - tin coil condenser:
as a retort, a term derived from its bend shape (from the This condenser tubing is made of block tin because block
Latin word retort means turned back), and consisted of tin has little solubility in water or the common solvents
a bulb having a long tapered neck attached at a sharp and is frequently used in the condenser tubes of stills used
angle. The retort performs the combined functions of the to produce distilled water.
boiler and the condenser in one unit. The long neck of (iv) Reflux condenser (Return – flow condenser) :
the retort was cooled by the atmosphere. Two types of The Hopkins and the Allihn reflux condensers are
retorts are manufactured, plain and tabulated. The especially designed for the purpose of increasing the
tabulated retort is provided with an orifice in the bulb for condensing surface and hence securing greater efficiency.
more convenience in introducing the liquid to be distilled. The condenser tube of Allihn condenser contains a series
Retorts made from glass, porcelain, earthenware, fused of bulbs for increased the condensing surface. The
silica, platinum, iron, copper, lead etc. may be prepared Hopkins reflux condenser employs a somewhat different
according to the special purpose for which they are principle in that the cooling chamber is contained inside
intended. Ex. porcelain and earthenware retorts are used the condensing tube. The cooling water is admitted at the
in the distillation of phosphorus and mercury. upper tube, this extends to the bottom of the cooling
2. Condensers: compartment, from which it flows upward to the exit tube,
(i) Liebig Condenser: also located near top of the condenser.
Condensers are available in various forms and designs, (v) Soxhlet extraction apparatus:
for the main part representing modifications of the original It is widely employed for the extraction of animal or
Liebig condenser, which consists of a straight condensing vegetable drugs. It has the advantage of requiring only a
tube surrounded by a cooling chamber. The Liebig limited amount of solvent. Which is used repeatedly by
condenser may be manufactured with the condensing tube being purified by redistillation following each passage
and the cooling jacket as separate units, to be assembled through the drug.
by means of rubber or bakelite threaded connections or Process of Distillation :
rubber stoppers. This has the advantage of permitting a In the process of distillation, condenser is mounted in the
replacement of parts in case if only the jacket or neck of the flask containing the material being treated.
condensing tube is broken. The original Liebig condenser As vapourization occurs, the vapour enters the condenser,
was assembled as a single unit, the cooling jacket being the pressure of the vapour causes the distillate to spurt
sealed to the condensing tube; they may still be obtained out from it. At the same time, a certain amount of back
in this form, especially if made of Pyrex glass. It is also pressure is produced by the presence of the liquid retained
Newsletter of ARMARC 5 SEPT -2009
in the condenser and this interrupts the smooth progress exchange that required for any of the other vapours
of the distillation process. Distillation consists of two steps produced from the common solvents. According to
(A) Evaporation (B) Condensation Cookand Lawall - “Remington’s practice of pharmacy”,
A) Evaporation: it has been calculated that steam at 100° C requires about
Evaporation may be defined as the free escape of vapour twenty-five times its weight of water at 20°C. to condense
from the surface of a liquid. It should be distinguished it. In most of cases, water is used as the cooling media
from boiling or ebullition, which takes place at one and is most effective when supplied as a stream from a
temperature only for a given pressure. constant source, rather than when used by simply
The Kinetic theory of matter assist us to surrounding the condensing tube with a relatively large
understand how evaporation takes place at any volume of water that is not in motion. The constant motion
temperature and from the surface of a liquid only. It is provides for the continuous replacement of the water as
presumed that the molecules of a liquid are always in it becomes heated. The condenser should be designed
motion, moving hither and thither at enormous speeds, so as to have a relatively large cooling surface, since the
frequently colliding. The molecules of a liquid are believed rate of condensation is proportional to the area of surface
to exert an attractive force upon each other. It will be exposed.
seen that the Kinetic theory affords an explanation of the The condensing surface should be made of
substance, which is a reasonably good conductor of heat,
fact that when a liquid is allowed to evaporate without
for the rapidity of condensation is proportioned to the
being heated it gradually becomes cooler. This is because
speed with which the heat is carried away. For this reason,
the molecules with the highest velocity are escaping from
metallic condensers are more efficient than those made
the liquid.
of glass. Some factors are responsible for distillation,
Latent heat of Vapourization :
which are as follows :
It will be seen, therefore, that if it is desired to change a
Vapour Pressure:
liquid into a vapour without fall in temperature, heat must
The rate of evaporation depends upon the amount
be supplied. This heat is called latent heat of
of vapour in the air above the liquid. Evaporation only
vapourization and when the vapour returns to the liquid
continues as long as the vapourization of a liquid is taking
state the latent heat is evolved as sensible heat. 1 gm. of place in an unlimited atmosphere. If vapourization is taking
water at 100°C may be converted in to water vapour (at place in a closed space that space will eventually become
normal atmospheric pressure) of the same temperature, saturated with vapour and interchange of molecules will
the expenditure of 537 Cal. of the heat energy is required. it. A saturated vapour is called the maximum vapour
B) Condensation : pressure of the liquid and is the greatest pressure that
Condensation is the reverse process of evaporation or can be exerted by the vapour of the liquid at that
vapourization. It will be recalled that, in order that 1 gm. temperature.
of water at 100°C may be converted into water vapour Ebullition / Boiling : When a liquid contained in an
(at normal atmospheric pressure) of the same ordinary vessel is heated, at first evaporation takes place
temperature, the expenditure of 537 cal of heat energy is at the surface, but after some time air bubbles are
required. Accordingly, when water vapour is condensed observed here and there on the sides of the vessel. As
by cooling, this same quantity of heat (the latent heat of the temperature rises these bubbles are seen to give off
vapourization) is liberated. Unless adequate provision is other and smaller bubbles, which rise towards the surface
made to carry away the heat that is released, the of the liquid but burst before they reach it. The bubbles
condenser soon becomes too hot to condense the vapour within the liquid are first formed of air, but evaporation
at all and permits it to escape into the atmosphere. The takes place from their walls and the air within becomes
condensation of water vapour requires a more rapid heat saturated with the vapour of the liquid.
Newsletter of ARMARC 6 SEPT-2009
Effect of Pressure on Boiling Point : The boiling point Test of Arka :
of a liquid is its temperature of ebullition at normal Taste and odour of the drug from which, Arka Patan
atmospheric pressure (760 mm). If the pressure on the is done must be present.
surface of the liquid be increased, it will require to raise When Arka is filled in different Patra, the colour of
to a higher temperature before it boils and conversely if Arka should be similar to Shankha, Kundan and
the pressure be diminished, it will boil at a lower moon rays.
temperature than when under ordinary atmospheric Colour should not change if it is filled in Jirnasthi
pressure. Finally, the direction of flow of the cooling water
Mrutika Patra.
should be opposite to that of the flow of vapour to be
General Dose of Arka – 12-24 ml (AFI)
condensed. (This does not apply to the use of reflux
condensers) As the vapour enters the condenser, the
Anupan: – Tambulbhakshana /Lavanga.
pressure of the vapour causes the distillate to spurt out
from it. At the same time, a certain amount of back
pressure is produced by the pressure of the liquid retained Durgandhanashan Vidhi :
in the condenser and this interrupts the smooth progress If Arka is having bad smell then it has to be fumigate
of the distillation process. with Dhum produced by powder of Hingu, Methika,
Distribution of Agni in Arka preparation : Rajika etc. mixed in Ghrita and then it should be kept
In Arka Prakash(1/80-84) for the preparation of Arka 6 in Navin Handi.
grades of Agni are given on gradual increase of fire. If the process of fumigation is repeated several times,
1. Dhumagni – Without any flame if there is huge amount Arka will loose its bad odor and develop good odour
of fumes, such Agni is known as Dhumagni. (flavour) and in addition it will gain its therapeutic
2. Dipagni – If the flame of Dhumagni is increased to efficacy of increasing Jatharagni.
four times, it is considered as Dipagni. Storage : Arka should be stored in airtight glass bottles.
3. Mandagni – If the flame of Dipagni is again increased Any Arka if kept open and exposed to air will loose its
to four times, it is termed as Mandagni. volatile medicinal principles.
4. Madhyamagni – The Agni in which the flame is in
Virytavadi: 1 year
between Dipagni and Mandagani it is termed as
Arka & its uses:
Madhyarnagni.
1. Ajamodarka- Agnim¡ndya (Digestive impairment),
5. Kharagni – Fifth part of complete Agni is known as
Ajerna (Dyspepsia), Bastiroga (Diseases of urinary
Kharagni, this Agni is used for all-purpose.
6. Bhattagni - The Agni in which the flame spreads all system), Vatakapharoga (Disease due to Vata Kapha
over the bottom of the vessel is considered as Bhattagni. dosha)
Agniman: – Ar.P.1/85 2. Karpuradyarka- Arocaka (Tastelessness),
While preparing the Arka at first, Dhumagni should be Agnimandya (Digestive impairment), Mukha
given upto 1½ prahara (4½ hrs.) followed by 1 Prahara Daurgandhya (Halitosis), Hrudroga (Heart disease),
(3 hrs) , Dipagni and ½ Prahara (1½hrs.) , Mandagni Medoroga (Obesity)
and then Madhyamagni should be given for - 1, Muhuruta 3. Jatamamsyarka- Agnimandya (Digestive
(45 minutes) for 1 Muhurta(45 minutes) Kharagni should impairment), Arocaka (Tastelessness), Mukha
be given. Bhattagni is not described anywhere for Daurgandhya (Halitosis), Unmada (Mania/Psychosis),
preparation of Arka. For producing proper Agni (heat) Apasmara (Epilepsy)
coal should be dry and hard Charcoal prepared out of 4. Misreyarka- Mandagni (Impaired digestive fire),
Khadir Kastha are considered to be the best according Adhmana (Flatulance with gurgling sound), Shula
to Ravana in Arka-prakash. The Agni in which the flame
(Colicky Pain), Krimi (Helminthiasis/Worm infestation),
spreads all over the bottom of the vessel is considered as
Yonishula (Pain in female genital tract)
Bhattagni.
Newsletter of ARMARC 7 SEPT -2009
Formulation Profile (Series-A/10) Herbal Drug Profile (Series-A/11)
Kalanusaryaditaila Kuchala (Nux-vomica)
Dr. Ramkumar , Guid: Prof. D.K.Mishra M.D (Ay) 1. Prof. M.Vidyasagar 2. Prof. K.S.Sanjay
Dr.Mahesh.M.Madaalageri, Bhavya D.C. 3. Dr. Hari Venkatesh 4. Dr. Prashant Kumar Jha

Ingredient: Botanical Source: The drug consists of dried seeds of


Tagara, Agaru, Eala, Jati, Chandana, Padmaka, Darvi, Strychnos nux vomica from family Loganiaceae.
Geographical Source: Western ghat and hills up to 400
Guduchi-40 gm
feet etc.
Manashila and Tutha-40gm
Tail-1600 gm
Jala-6.4 Ltr.
Method of preparation:
All the dry powder are taken together and made
in to small bolus by adding water. For Jati (Jasminum
grandiflorum), flowers and fresh leaves are used. It is
made in to kalka by macerating with water on a khalva.
The Mineral drugs Manashila and Tuttha are powdered
Macroscopic: Disc shaped, flat, slightly concavo-
by maceration after the purification and was added in the convex with acute or rounded margin, occasionally
Kalka as in the preparation of Jatyadi Tila. irregularly bent; 10-30 in diameter, 3-5 mm in thickness,
The raw oil i.e., Amoorchita Tila Taila was heated covered with closely appressed silky hairs, radiating from
centre to the circumference; hilum lies in the centre of flat
then dravadravya (plain warm) was added in the wide surface, micropyle near the margin and a ridge connecting
mouthed vessel and heated on mild fire. Then Kalkas them; endosperm horny, whitish, leaving slit like cavity in
were added to it along with the mineral drug. It is stirred the centre; embryo heart shaped, pointing towards
micropyle; ash to lead grey coloured, odour nil, taste
constantly till the Sneha Siddha Lakshna is attained, and
intensely bitter taste.
the oil is taken from fire and filtered and stored in a ves- Microscopic: The cells of epidermis of testa are
sel. The filtrate i.e., the kalka was put in the manual press characterized by extending to form a thick walled lignified
and the oil was completely squeezed out, and the oil thus ribbed trichomes; a collapsed layer lies underneath this,
followed by 2-3 rows of palisade like small sized, thick
obtained was added to the vessel.
walled hemicllulosic cells of endosperm, the remaining
cells being bigger in size and embedded with protein and
Uses: Wound healing oil globules and shows plasmodesmata- protoplasmic
For External use only thread connecting the two cells.
Powder: Brownish with unpleasant odour and bitter taste,
Chemical Analysis:
shows the fragments of lignified trichomes, broken ribbed
Description - Green colour pieces and their bases in surface view, cells of highly thick
Loss on Drying - 0.18 walled endosperm embedded with centrally located
Acid Value - 6.22 masses of protein; fixed oil globules scattered as such or
embedded in the cells of endosperm.
Ester Value - 173.09 Chemical Constituents: The seeds contain indole
Iodine Volue - 104.90 alkaloids, the major one is strychnine (approx.) 50% of
Soponification Volue 179.31 the alkaloids; others include strychnine N-oxide, brucine
and its N-oxide, alpha-and beta-colubrine, condylocarpi-
Newsletter of ARMARC 8 SEPT-2009
ne, diaboline, geissoschizine, icajine, isostrychnine,

PRINTED MATTER/BOOK POST


normacusine, novacine, pseudobrucine, pseudo-alpha-
colubrine, pseudo-beta-colubrine, pseudostrychnine and

RNI Regd No. KARENG/2002/7924


vomicine (3-hydro-beta-colubrine). Loganin is also
present. Pseudostrychnine is non-toxic. The alkaloidal
content of the seeds ranges from 1.8 to 5.3%.
Seeds: used in emotional disorders, insomnia, hysteria,
epilepsy, paralytic and neurological affections, retention
or nocturnal incontinence of urine, spermatorrhoea, sexual
debility and impotence, general exhaustion; as antidote
to alcoholism; GIT disorders.
Bark: Juice is given in acute dysentery, diarrhoea and
colic while root is given in intermittent fevers.
In Chinese medicine a paste made of Nux vomica seeds COME! JOIN THE ARMARC NETWORK
is applied topically for treating facial paralysis. It is
INDIA
included among unapproved herbs by German
Student(Rs. 50), Individual(Rs. 100), Institution(Rs.
Commission E. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of 150)
India recommends detoxified seeds in paralysis, facial Patron (Rs. 1000)
paralysis, sciatica and impotency.
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Your Suggestions and Queries are invited. Honourable A. Ramesh Rao

Editor: Prof (Dr.) M.Vidyasagar & Co-Editor: Dr.Prashant kumar Jha


Research Co-ordinator Dr. Mahesh.M.Madalageri
Printed and Published by ARMARC on behalf of Honourable A. Ramesh Rao, Koppa, Chikmagalur Dt., Karnataka - 577126, India
(No. KARENG/2002/7924, RNI, New Delhi)
email: armarc_koppa@yahoo.com, prashantjha19@rediffmail.com URL:www.alnrmamc.com

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