The way teachers talk to students, the manner in which they interact is crucial to both successful learning and

teaching. Perhaps the most important point that determines how successfully students will learn is the way instructions are formulated and sometimes it is this point which distinguishes good teachers from bad ones. Why guiding and learning experiences are important in terms of: 1. Making effective introduction and motivation Student motivation has to do with students desire participate in the learning process. ut it also concerns the reasons or goals that underlie their involvement in academic activities. Motivating students is one of the greatest challenges instructors face. !hile it is true that as instructors we have little, if any, control over e"ternal factors that influence our students behavior and engagement, we do play a vital role in shaping what occurs in our classroom. #n fact, our instructional choices can make a positive impact on student motivation. $. %iving clear directions and logical information #t is important that teachers directions relating to academic activity and behaviour are clear, precise and effective. #t goes without saying that the best activity in the world will turn into a disappointing failure if students dont understand the instructions. #f directions or instructions are not effectively and clearly formulated, there will be a number of students who will simply not have assimilated what is to be done or have only caught part of the information. &ny failure to hear or understand teachers directions will undoubtedly result in many unwanted behaviour. '. (as mastery of the sub)ect matter & well trained and certificated teacher must show evidence of mastery of sub)ect matter. &ccording to *unhill +$,,,- teacher knowledge must be of two fold nature. & good teacher must first possess a wide general knowledge and within the confines of this general knowledge, a sound understanding of the sub)ect he is to teach in the classroom. .uadri /. et al +$,,0- corroborate that a good teacher must be well knowledge versed in his area of speciali1ation. (e must know which to teach, when to teach and how to teach. #n the opinion of 2banya P.&.# +1345- the 6uantity and 6uality of the teacher7s knowledge will give the teacher enough material and confidence to teach effectively. 0. Strategies well planned and well8e"ecuted The fundamental importance of teaching strategies is to make it easier to implement a variety of teaching methods and techni6ues. (ere you will find a variety of teaching strategies to help students take more responsibility for their own learning and enhance the process of teaching for learning. The key is to create learning environments that are more interactive, to integrate technology where applicable into the learning e"perience, and to use collaborative learning strategies when appropriate.

Teaching strategies identify the different available learning methods to enable them to develop the right strategy to deal with the target group identified. &ssessment of the learning capabilities of students provides a key pillar in development of a successful teaching strategy. 5. oard work is well done %ood boardwork encourages learner autonomy 9 if the board is the main area where new language is presented, and students have to record this information for themselves, they can take ownership of new language in a way that they might not if they were simply :given it on a photocopied handout or worksheet. This constant noting and filing becomes part of the learning process in a materials8light learning environment. ;. &sking appropriate 6uestions Skillful 6uestioning is really the key to successful appraisal discussions. the funnel techni6ue gives us a useful visual reference for thinking about 6uestioning skills. &t the mouth of the funnel we begin with an :open 6uestion. This 6uestion is intended to give the appraisee the widest possible scope for responding. Sometimes it may be necessary to repeat or rephrase this 6uestion to give the appraisee more thinking time and further opportunities to raise information. !orking down the narrowing body of the funnel we use a series of probing 6uestions to draw out further specific information and help complete the picture. <losed 6uestions then have their place to draw out, check or confirm specific pieces of information, or to get the appraisee to commit on a point more precisely. This then brings us to the bottom of the funnel where we clarify, using a short summary, what we have got out of the discussion, aiming to check our understanding of the main points. =. Providing varied learning tasks #t is important to provide varied learning tasks in order to measure the students capabilities. #t will help teachers to identify the strenght and weakness of the students helping him to proide actiities appropriate to the learners. 4. Providing appropriate reinforcement Provision of recognition and effort reinforcement is a strategy that enables students to understand the link between effort and the recognition they e"pect. >ecognition provides the students with the motivation to continue adding efforts, ensuring that they are able to achieve their goals. 3. %iving incidental teaching when necessary #ncidental teaching can be used to teach new language as well as e"pand upon the language a child already uses. 2ne way of setting up incidental teaching opportunities is to capture initiations that occur in the natural environment. !hen someone captures an initiation, they take advantage of opportunities that arise in the natural environment. 2ne way of setting up incidental teaching opportunities is to capture initiations that occur in the natural environment. !hen someone captures an initiation, they take advantage of opportunities that arise in the natural environment.

1,. ?ocusing students attention on important points in the lesson #t is also important to focus students attention so that they will be able to understand better the lesson. ?ocusing students lesson regarding the important points in the lesson will help them to reali1e the main point of their topic. #t is very important for a teacher to make the students understand the message or good points of the lesson. 11. %uiding students in summari1ing main ideas and concept learned @ote taking and summarising is a teaching strategy that enables the students to keep information for a long time while being able to use it for analysis and presentation purposes. This method of teaching encourages participation through 6uestions and other forms of clarification. 1$. (andling wrong answers tactfully @egative teaching attitudes tend to hurt into the long haul. (ow many times 9 as a learner 8 has one not been discounted and told flat out, A@o, youre wrongBCD Eears back, it was a taboo to be wrong or to think differently. Pupils were insulted or beaten on the head for giving wrong or stray answers. ut, wrong answers in the right hands can reveal positive learning and teaching possibilitiesF the idea is to lead any group of students step8by8step into clearly focused answers. Gmpathic attitudes can be therapeutic as they assure learners that it is normal to make mistakes and construct useful information from them. Such informed approaches are genial and valuable. &n error followed by a corrective meaning is the reason for schooling anyway. !hen an answer is wrong, we fi" it to get it right. ut the AhowC in the fi"ing is the issueH corrections must be done se6uentially and tactfully, so that it can be assimilated by the learner with grace and dignity. &buses and humiliations impede ones pride, and block cognitive growth.

EDUC FS 200
Submitted By: Michelle Anne B. Oa 4 SEDSubmitted !": D#. $"mmel D.C. Malla#i