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CIRCLE 02
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CIRCLE 06
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When youre specifying for safety and code compliance, theres no
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CIRCLE 09
CIRCLE 0 1
07 20!0
Expanded coverage oI Pro|ects, Building Types 5tudies, and Webonly Ieatures can be Iound at XiZ_`k\ZkliXci\Zfi[%Zfd.
This symbol denotes that a video tour is available in our iPad edition.
ABCVE: CenLre PompidouMeLz.
PhoLoqraph Dennis Cuichard.
CN THE CCVEP: Cape 1own SLadium.
PhoLoqraph Roland Halbe.
NLWS
), 0&A with Shaun Dcncvan
)/ Aa Khan Awards
*' 0n the Bcards
DLPAR1MLN1S
(/ Reader's CaIIery
)( EditcriaI: The Desin Vacuum
)) Letters
*- Enccunter: Trends
*0 The Emerin Architect
+* Bccks: China Tcday
+, Practice Matters: Tcp 250 Firm Rankins
By Charles Linn, FAIA
+0 Prcduct Fccus: CIass By Jen Renzi
,) Prcducts in Brief
()- Dates & Events
(*- Snapshct: FeeIins Are Facts By Beth Broome
FLA1URLS
,+ Makin Waves
A vibrantly hued promenade transforms a
worn Spanish beachfront. By Linda C. Lentz
,- Scuth Africa's CcIden BcwIs
The World Cups host country puts its new
stadiums in the global spotlight. By Karen Eicker
PROJLC1S
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THCMA5 PHIFEP AND PAPTNEP5
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KENCC KUMA & A55CCIATE5
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.- Hernin Museum cf Ccntempcrary Art,
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ARCHl1LC1URAL 1LCHNOLOCY
(') Mcre Than Skin Deep
An integrated facade strategy helps
designers create better glass buildings.
By Joann Gonchar, AIA
((. Reader Service
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View proIiles oI !0 new
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pro|ects and browse our
archive.
M@;<F1 J?8LE ;FEFM8E
Watch a video interview
with the U.5. 5ecretary
Ior Housing and Urban
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=<8KLI<; ?FLJ<J
In this new column, we Ieature
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that exempliIy a speciIic type
oI house. This month, we look
at small vacation homes.
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Pead about doubleskinned
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(+ ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200
E<N K?@J DFEK?
We visiL Milan Design Week and reporL back wiLh hiqhliqhLs lrom Lhe huqe
annual evenL. Our House oI the Month Lakes us Lo Laquna Beach, Calilornia,
Lo see a pro|ecL by Helena ArahueLe ol LauLner AssociaLes. And we presenL
a video ol a collaboraLion beLween arLisL ClaIur Eliasson and archiLecL
Ma Yansong. WaLch iL on our siLe.
architecturalrecord.com
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[ HCU5E CF THE MCNTH ]
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Sponsored by:
Zinc: The Sustainable Choice
among Architectural Metals
Credit: 1.00 HSW/SD
Sponsored by:
Photo courtesy of 'ILBERTSON 0HOTOGRAPHY
Innovations in Smart, Universal,
Energy-efficient and Water-saving
Home Appliances
Credit: 1.00 HSW/SD
Sponsored by:
Photo courtesy of Whirlpool

Can Existing Schools Get to

High Performance? An Update on
School Modernization Strategies
Credit: 1.00 HSW/SD
Sponsored by:
Photo courtesy of Pella Commercial
Specifying Building Insulation
for Sustainable Design, Energy
Savings, and Acoustic Control
Credit: 1.00 HSW/SD
Sponsored by:
Form Follows Fun: Design
Options in Modern Ceiling
and Wall Systems
Credit: 1.00 HSW/SD
Sponsored by:
Photo (at left) courtesy of Ceilings Plus Photo courtesy of Tim Griffith
Also online at architecturalrecord.com
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Photo courtesy of Giulio Bertagna and Aldo Bottoli, B&B Colordesign
Please note: The designer for Pitzer College, Claremont, CA auditorium
is Levin Associates. It was printed incorrectly on the photograph in the
New Wood sidebar, which appeared on p.197 in the June 2010 issue
of Architectural Record.
We think about the forests behind our wood products so you dont have to.
The demand for products from sustainably managed forests is met each and every day by the capability
and technology of British Columbias diverse forest sector. We pride ourselves on growing trees and
managing healthy forests, committing to enforcement of tough regulations and legal logging, welcoming
outside scrutiny of our practices, participating in recovery and recycling, and promoting carbon neutrality
across the value chain. We are committed to ensure todays quality wood products wont come at the
expense of tomorrows forests.
Wood Products from British Columbia, Canada
naturallywood.com/ar
Beautifully renewable
CIRCLE 12
Institut du Monde Arabe | Jean Nouvel | Paris, France
5ubmitted by grogan.andrew|
(/ ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 FE K?< N<9
I use Revit and Bentley BIM
(as well as AutoCAD and MicroStation).
Widely familiar is the enmity between
the Autodesk products and the Bentley
products, along with the good-natured
rivalry between the users ... If the formats
of the two models were interchangeable,
I dont think either would lose market
share. Some users will prefer one
interface over the other. Thats all.
E\c fe 8@8 :Xccj ]fi Fg\e 9@D Jf]knXi\
[ CCMMENT5 ]
architecturalrecord.com
I<8;<I G?FKFJ
Lvery monLh, we ask you Lo voLe lor your lavoriLe imaqes submiLLed Lo our Web
qalleries by lellow readers. 1he Lop imaqes appear on Lhis paqe. VisiL our siLe Lo
voLe lor phoLos and Lo submiL your own work.
Mission 5an Xavier del Bac | Unknown Designer | Near Tucson, Arizona | 5ubmitted by |shonkwileraia
YOU NEED A BIG ASS FAN
Isis

from Big Ass Fans is the worlds only ceiling fan

engineered to improve circulation in large spaces such as
foyers, lofts and great rooms. Its sweeping airfoil blades
shaped like aircraft wings revolve slowly and quietly
to produce gentle, but powerful currents of air that deliver
consistent, energy efcient comfort year round.
A single venti
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2010 Delta T Corporation dba The Big Ass Fan Company. All rights reserved.
CIRCLE 13
MAPEI products were used to install multiple types of tile
and stone in this luxurious hotel, helping bring the designers
creations to life on the walls and oors of the hotels lobby,
restaurants, lounges and guestrooms.
MAPEI products included:
Ultraex

2, Keracolor

U, Mapelastic

HPG, Primer L

,
Novoplan

2, Mapelastic SM, MAPEI SM Primer

Creating
luxury
for the W
W Hotel
Miami Beach, FL
CIRCLE 14
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;8M@; ;@CCFE# 8I:?@K<:KLI< :I@K@: =FI K_\ ;XccXj Dfie`e^ E\nj lor
25 years and lonqLime conLribuLinq ediLor ol Lhis publicaLion, died unexpecLedly
on June 3. His passinq marked a sea chanqe lor many ol us in archiLecLural
|ournalism, lorcinq us Lo rellecL on Lhe currenL sLaLe ol Lhe cralL and how iL has
inalLerably shilLed wiLh Lhe rise ol Lhe bloqosphere. Dillon who qraduaLed
lrom BosLon Colleqe and held a masLer's in liLeraLure and a Ph.D. in arL hisLory
lrom Harvard lorqed a deep relaLionship wiLh his adopLed sub|ecL, Lhe ciLy
ol Dallas, ollerinq noL a superlicial review ol iLs buildinqs, as Loo olLen occurs
online, buL a polychromaLic view ol iLs enLire urban developmenL, lor qood or
ill. LrudiLe buL piercinqly clear, as qood |ournalisLs can be, he personilied how
auLhenLic criLicism speaks mosL convincinqly lrom local knowledqe. 1he lol
lowinq are his words, excerpLed lrom a speech he presenLed in AuqusL 2008
Lo Lhe Council ol ArchiLecLural ComponenL LxecuLives in Richmond, Virqinia.
". [1here is| a huqe vacuum in serious desiqn commenLary, in
which archiLecLure, Lhe mosL public ol Lhe arLs, is losinq Louch wiLh iLs
public iLs cusLomer base, il you like and has less and less inlluence
on how our communiLies are planned and desiqned.
1o resLaLe Lhe obvious, American newspapers are in a melLdown
mode, wiLh revenues droppinq and markeL share shrinkinq. And one ol
Lhe mosL endanqered areas ol coveraqe is arL and archiLecLure.
1his coveraqe is beinq marqinalized or eliminaLed across Lhe counLry.
1o qive you an idea ol whaL Lhis means, Lhree years aqo my paper, K_\
;XccXj Dfie`e^ E\nj, had 7 lullLime arLs wriLers, one ol Lhe larqesL arLs
sLalls in Lhe counLry. Now iL has only live, and LhaL number will likely drop
lurLher.. 1he archiLecLure beaL will disappear, ironically aL a Lime when
Dallas and ForL WorLh are risinq Lo inLernaLional prominence in Lhe arLs.
1his is disasLrous because newspaper criLics are Lhe lronL line ol
archiLecLure coveraqe, always more Limely and olLen more comprehen
sive Lhan Lhe desiqn maqazines. Newspapers are where Lhe public qeLs
mosL ol iLs archiLecLural inlormaLion, as well as mosL ol iLs inlormaLion
abouL planninq, communiLy developmenL, neiqhborhood preservaLion,
and oLher maLLers LhaL iL cares abouL. Online sources can'L beqin Lo
pluq Lhis qap, which means LhaL conversaLion has virLually sLopped on
mosL ol Lhese criLical issues. Dialoque and debaLe have qiven way Lo
dealeninq silence.
However, l don'L believe lor a second LhaL Lhe public no lonqer cares
abouL archiLecLure and planninq, LhaL iL's become a niche sub|ecL. JusL
look aL Lhe prolileraLion ol desiqn and planninq review boards around
Lhe counLry.. WheLher Lhis indicaLes LhaL Lhe public is passionaLe abouL
desiqn or scared Lo deaLh ol whaL archiLecLs miqhL do Lo Lhem is a dil
lerenL maLLer.
1he Desiqn Vacuum
David Dillon exemplilied why qood criLicism is local.
9P IF9<IK @MP# =8@8
)( ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200
WhaL's lackinq everywhere, however, is a common lanquaqe and
shared lrame ol relerence lor Lalkinq abouL Lhese issues. ArchiLecLs
and Lhe public inhabiL dillerenL worlds when iL comes Lo idenLilyinq and
analyzinq whaL really maLLers in communiLies.
ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD, lor which l've wriLLen lor 5 years, recenLly
polled six naLional criLics abouL whaL was mosL imporLanL Lo residenLs in
Lheir parL ol Lhe counLry. And almosL wiLhouL excepLion Lhe key issues
were public and civic allordable housinq, reqional planninq, access
Lo LransiL, neiqhborhood preservaLion, conqesLion, sprawl, open space.
ArchiLecLure wiLh a capiLal A, as in whaL are Rem Koolhaas or Frank
Cehry up Lo now, barely made Lhe lisL. Which is Lo say LhaL Lhere is a biq
disconnecL Lhese days beLween whaL archiLecLs are doinq and whaL Lhe
maqazines are publishinq, and whaL Lhe public is doinq and inLeresLed in.
CorrecLly or noL, Lhe public perceives Lhe prolession Lo be larqely
indillerenL Lo iLs concerns. 1hey Lhink archiLecLs are inLeresLed mainly in
archiLecLure as arL, in archiLecLure as a business, or in delendinq Lhe au
Lonomy ol Lhe prolession, which has been larqely squandered, whereas
Lhey see Lhemselves as cusLodians ol Lhe public realm and Lhe social and
communal elemenLs ol archiLecLure and desiqn.
1his is a very simplisLic division, l admiL, buL Lhe communicaLion
qap is real, and archiLecLs and archiLecLural |ournalisLs bear much ol
Lhe responsibiliLy lor creaLinq iL, and lor closinq iL. Small reqional and
componenL maqazines have an opporLuniLy Lo lill some ol Lhe coveraqe
qaps and in Lhe process rekindle Lhe public desiqn dialoque.. AnoLher
way Lo puL Lhis is LhaL archiLecLs and archiLecLure maqazines are lookinq
lor a way Lo reqain inlluence and esLablish auLhoriLy, which is noL Lhe
same Lhinq as power.
Power is Lhe abiliLy Lo make someLhinq happen, or noL happen, or hap
pen dillerenLly. AuLhoriLy is a dillerenL maLLer. AuLhoriLy means LhaL your
work is read, lisLened Lo, Lalked abouL, paid aLLenLion Lo. lnlluence or auLhor
iLy comes noL lrom sLoppinq Pro|ecL X in iLs Lracks, buL lrom beinq able Lo
qradually sharpen communiLy percepLions abouL qood desiqn, and Lhereby
Lo raise public expecLaLions abouL whaL is accepLable and whaL is noL.
1he qreaL criLic Ada Louise HuxLable once said LhaL Lhe public knows
iLs riqhLs when iL comes Lo Lhe law, or Social SecuriLy, or Medicare, iL's up
on all Lhe enLiLlemenL proqrams. BuL iL does noL know whaL iL is enLiLled
Lo in Lerms ol archiLecLure, urban desiqn, or environmenLal policy. One
|ob ol a qood desiqn maqazine is Lo help educaLe Lhe public abouL iLs
riqhLs in Lhese maLLers, because in Lhe end iLs biqqesL ally is a concerned
public, and iLs mosL powerlul weapon Lhe abiliLy Lo arouse public opinion
in Lhe service ol qood desiqn."
1his excerpL is adapLed lrom an arLicle LhaL lirsL appeared in K\oXj
8iZ_`k\Zk DX^Xq`e\. We Lhank iLs ediLor, SLephen Sharpe, lor brinqinq iL Lo
our aLLenLion and permiLLinq us Lo reprinL a porLion ol iL here. lL is a liLLinq
memorial Lo an enliqhLened spokesperson lor our prolession and a valuable
|ournalisL. We will miss him.
<;@KFI@8C
)) ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200
LETTERS
BuiIdin fcr the future
1hanks Lo RoberL lvy lor Lhe appro
priaLe rellecLions in his June ediLorial
["CreaLinq a CulLure," paqe 27| on
Lhe NaLional Buildinq Museum (NBM),
which does indeed conLribuLe Lo Lhe
U.S. buildinq culLure beLLer Lhan any
oLher insLiLuLion.
BuL Lhe NBM beinq an indepen
denL museum has been boLh a bless
inq and a curse. 1he imaqinaLion and
ambiLion shown in iLs proqrams are
evidence ol Chase W. Rynd's and Lhe
board ol direcLors' inLelliqence and
vision. Beinq independenL, however,
Lhe museum has had Lo rely on
donaLions (and iLs qilL shop) Lo con
Linue iLs proqrams. OrqanizaLions
and lnsLiLuLions have been qenerous
and will conLinue Lo assisL. 1he
one insLiLuLion LhaL has noL been
able Lo increase iLs conLribuLion
enouqh, because ol hard Limes,
is Lhe landlord Ceneral Services
AdminisLraLion. Durinq Lhe sLarLup
years, iL was undersLood LhaL Lhe
NBM would naLurally improve over
Lime as demand increased. 1he
alLeraLions have consequenLly been
accommodaLed in phases. When
Lhe museum was creaLed in 980
by an AcL ol Conqress, iL surely was
noL envisioned LhaL iL would sLill be
sLruqqlinq Lo represenL Lhe buildinq
culLure in 200. Now is Lhe riqhL Lime
lor Conqress Lo consider makinq
Lhe NBM physical planL maLch iLs
proqrams by makinq iL world class.
Af_e J% Jkif`b# 8@8
I\jkfe# MX%
Awards and ccntext
ln coveraqe ol Cold Medal Award
winner PeLer Bohlin [June 200|, l
was very surprised Lo lind LhaL Bohlin
Cywinski Jackson's Crand 1eLon
Discovery and VisiLor CenLer has
received numerous awards. While
Lhe buildinq is sLunninq, as shown in
Lhe carelully composed phoLos, Lhe
success ol Lhe overall pro|ecL musL be
seriously quesLioned when conLexL
is Lruly undersLood. 1he siLe plan
places Lhe larqe parkinq loL, always
lull ol cars and RVs, immediaLely aL
Lhe enLrance Lo Crand 1eLon NaLional
Park in lronL ol Lhe new buildinq. 1he
parkinq loL is Lhe lirsL impression.
1his beqs Lhe quesLion: ls a sLunninq
Ccrrecticns
Our sLory abouL Lhe resLoraLion ol
Ludwiq Mies van der Rohe's 860
880 Lake Shore Drive in Chicaqo
[June 200, paqe 8^| should have
idenLilied Lhe residenLial complex as
a cooperaLive owned by 860 Lake
Shore Drive 1rusL. 1he arLicle also
missLaLed Lhe pro|ecL budqeL, which
was $9.2 million. Schendy Kernizan,
an ArchiLecLure lor HumaniLy desiqn
lellow picLured in our special HaiLi
News reporL [June 200, paqe ^2|,
qrew up in HaiLi, however, he was noL
born Lhere, as a phoLo capLion incor
recLly sLaLed. 1wo phoLos in our cov
eraqe lor AlA Firm ol Lhe Year Award
were misidenLilied as inLeriors ol
Lhe Puqh + Scarpa's Solar Umbrella
House, in lacL, Lhey picLure inLeriors
ol Lhe lirm's Oranqe Crove LolLs.
CapLions lor Lwo windows in June's
ProducL Focus were inadverLenLly
swapped. 1he correcL labelinq ap
pears below.
J\e[ c\kk\ij kf i`mp7dZ^iXn$_`cc%Zfd%
buildinq sLill awardworLhy il Lhe siLe
plan is noL?
DXib ?\ij_Y\i^\i
AXZbjfe# Npf%
Naked truth
1he Lmperor's New CloLhes comes Lo
mind when observinq SLudio Canq's
Aqua Lower in Chicaqo [May 200,
paqe 60|. 1o read noLhinq ol Lhe build
inq plans oLher Lhan Lheir beinq "rec
Lilinear" and "pro lorma" says all one
needs Lo know ol Lhe desiqn inLenL.
1he assumed reason lor Lhe buildinq's
exisLence, Lhe housinq ol senLienL
beinqs, becomes a minor desiqn an
noyance, while iLs hauLe couLure robe
is elevaLed Lo primacy. l hope mosL
realize Lhe Lmperor is naked.
Ife NXi[# 8@8
8kcXekX
!n my back yard
RoberL lvy observes in his May ediLo
rial ["1he ArchiLecLure ol CrowLh,"
paqe 2| LhaL "some lirms have
learned Lo qo where Lhe work is, even
il LhaL work lies lar alield." However,
Lhere is anoLher way Lo qeneraLe
work: by simply Lakinq a look ouL
our windows aL our own back yards.
As archiLecLs, we are mosL lamiliar
wiLh and experienced in Lhe creaLion
and improvemenL ol our local com
muniLies. We have Lhe skills and Lhe
connecLions Lo idenLily whaL needs
Lo chanqe and ulLimaLely help brinq
abouL subsLanLial improvemenLs Lo
our home Lurl. We helped desiqn iL
and build iL, now leL's Lweak iL. No, we
will noL qeL Lhe air miles, buL perhaps
a lonq walk, LhouqhLlul observaLion
and discussion, and creaLive desiqn
and redesiqn will ulLimaLely be beLLer
lor all ol us and our environmenL.
Af_e Dlcc\e# =8@8
;XccXj
RoberL lvy is riqhL Lhe world has
qoLLen smaller lor archiLecLs. ln spiLe
ol Lhe qlobal economic crisis we are
experiencinq, Lhere's sLill a loL ol work
ouL Lhere. 1he biq dillerence beLween
Lhe Asian linancial crisis ol 997 and
Lhe currenL qlobal economic crisis is
Lhis: 1he lirsL crisis allowed American
archiLecLs Lo reLurn Lo Lhe UniLed
SLaLes where Lhere was no crisis
Lo seek employmenL. Since Lhe crisis
was conlined Lo SouLheasL Asia, |obs
were readily available in many oLher
reqions. 1oday, Lhere's nowhere Lo
qo. So loreiqn archiLecLs and desiqn
lirms in Lhe reqion ol Asia and Lhe
Middle LasL, such as my lirm (wiLh ol
lices in Dubai, Manila, and Sinqapore),
have lew opLions buL Lo sLay puL,
diq a Lrench, and liqhL lor available
pro|ecLs. WhaL is happeninq is LhaL
pro|ecL Lypes have chanqed and so
musL we. Developers are venLurinq
Lo do new Lypes ol buildinqs LhaL will
respond Lo Lhe "real needs" ol Lhe
markeL. We are now doinq new Lypes
ol buildinqs, based on Lhe commu
niLy's needs: desiqninq allordable
housinq, new schools, lish markeLs,
universiLy campuses, lerry Lerminals,
and Lhe like. 1hese new pro|ecLs are
openinq up new experiences lor me
as an American archiLecL runninq a
medium size lirm, and Lhey demon
sLraLe LhaL you don'L have Lo be a
super larqe U.S. lirm Lo qeL involved
you |usL have Lo be advenLurous.
D\[Xi[f :X[`q
:X[`q @ek\ieXk`feXc 8iZ_`k\Zkj
;lYX`# L%8%<%
Prcduct: Pccket Windcw with
H3 TechncIcy
Manufacturer: Hurd
Web site: hurd.ccm
Prcduct: Majesta DcubIe-Hun
Windcw
Manufacturer: KcIbe Windcws
& Dccrs
Web site: kcIbe-kcIbe.ccm
P E L L A ADVANTAGE NUMB E R 4 7 :
HI S TOR I C R E NOVAT I ON E XP E R T I S E
P
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Architects + Public Housing: Yes, You Can
Via Verde 26
Aga Khan Awards 2S
Cn the Boards 30
News BrieIs 32
9IP8EK IFLJJ<8L ArchiLecLs had
hiqh hopes LhaL Lhe 2009 American
Recovery and ReinvesLmenL AcL
would provide a siqnilicanL boosL Lo
Lheir work, especially wiLh reqard Lo
desiqninq schools. lL's lair Lo say LhaL
Lhey were disappoinLed wiLh where
Lhe money was evenLually direcLed.
Can you qive me a sLaLisLical sense ol
Lhe impacL Lhe $3.6 billion in sLimu
lus lundinq allocaLed Lo HUD has had
on Lhe archiLecLure prolession?
J?8LE ;FEFM8E Obviously, archi
LecLs are deeply involved in Lhe de
siqn ol mulLilamily housinq. WiLhouL
Lhe Recovery AcL, we would noL have
any mulLilamily consLrucLion qoinq
on iL would be sLopped dead in iLs
Lracks, alonq wiLh all ol Lhe |obs and
Lhe desiqn work LhaL qoes wiLh iL.
[Lven| in qood Limes, Lhe Low
lncome Housinq 1ax CrediL proqram
[which received billions ol dollars
in sLimulus supporL| makes up hall
ol all new mulLilamily consLruc
Lion. 1oday, when Lhe markeL has
slowed down so much, iL's an even
more criLical piece ol ensurinq LhaL
mulLilamily desiqn and consLrucLion
conLinues aL all.
So, lor any archiLecL who works
in mulLilamily developmenL, Lhe
Recovery AcL has been absoluLely
criLical. ln Lerms ol Lhe overall |ob
numbers, Lhe more Lhan 20,000
|obs LhaL already have been creaLed
[as aLLribuLed Lo HUD's sLimulus
spendinq|, we don'L know how many
archiLecLs LhaL accounLs lor. BuL lor
archiLecLs workinq in renLal or mul
Lilamily housinq, every one ol Lhose
|obs is due Lo Lhe Recovery AcL.
9I WhaL abouL anecdoLal evidence?
1ell us abouL a specilic pro|ecL where
HUD's Recovery AcL dollars are
creaLinq desiqn |obs, improvinq Lhe
naLion's housinq sLock, and laciliLaL
inq urban developmenL.
J; l was recenLly in BalLimore Lo
break qround on a pro|ecL called
CiLy ArLs [desiqned by Hord/Coplan/
MachL|. lL's a very inLeresLinq
example ol arLisL housinq LhaL will
incorporaLe innovaLive desiqn and
qallery space, supporLinq a broader
reviLalizaLion in Lhe communiLy.
One ol Lhe Lhinqs l consisLenLly
see is Recovery AcL pro|ecLs creaL
inq ripple ellecLs LhaL move Lhrouqh
a neiqhborhood, enablinq oLher
pro|ecLs Lo move lorward where a
developer may have had real ques
Lions abouL Lhe pro|ecL's viabiliLy.
1here is a conlidence LhaL emerqes
when you see consLrucLion conLinu
inq Lhrouqh a downLurn. lL helps Lo
send Lhe messaqe Lo surroundinq
properLies and surroundinq com
muniLies LhaL we're movinq lorward,
LhaL Lhere is hope.
9I Do you see linancialrequlaLory
relorm, which is perhaps Lhe sinqle
larqesL leqislaLive prioriLy riqhL now,
havinq a direcL impacL on archiLecLs?
J; AbsoluLely. Unless we can qeL
a linancial sysLem in Lhis counLry
LhaL drives Lhe riqhL kind ol invesL
[5HAUN DCNCVAN]
), ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 AFFORDABLL HOUSlNC @EJ@;< K?< E<NJ
E<NJ
;8@CP LG;8K<J
archrecord.com/news
twitter.com/archrecord
5haun Donovan, the U.5. 5ecretary
oI Housing and Urban Development
and a Harvardtrained architect,
recently attended the ground
breaking ceremony Ior Via Verde, a
mixedincome apartment commu
nity in the 5outh Bronx that he says
exempliIies the Cbama administra
tion's "Iundamentally diIIerent"
approach to housing a move away
Irom the Corbusian, tabula rasa
model to one that supports local vi
sions oI site design. I<:FI;'s Bryant
Pousseau spoke with Donovan,
44, about the stimulus package, his
Iocus on planning, and the oppor
tunity Ior architects to play a larger
role in transIorming communities.
N8K:? M@;<F
Donovan discusses Cbama,
Corbusier, HUD's investment
in "sophisticated" regional
planning initiatives, and more.
:FEJKIL:K@FE =@E8CCP has
bequn on Via Verde, a susLainable,
mixedincome housinq pro|ecL in Lhe
SouLh Bronx desiqned by Crimshaw
ArchiLecLs and DaLLner ArchiLecLs.
A May 3 qroundbreakinq ceremony
drew approximaLely 00 people,
includinq Shaun Donovan, U.S. HUD
secreLary, who was involved in Lhe
pro|ecL early on while servinq as
AIIordable Housing Coes Creen
[ CPCUND BPEAKINC |
menLs, we're never qoinq Lo have Lhe
kind ol places in Lhis counLry LhaL we
really wanL. We need Lo have a more
balanced housinq policy, and linancial
requlaLory relorm is abouL creaLinq
more balance.
8I WhaL are your Lop prioriLies lor Lhe
nexL 2 monLhs?
J; Broadly speakinq, our naLional
housinq policy has been Loo locused
on home ownership and noL enouqh
on renLal housinq and creaLinq
susLainable communiLies. HUD was
able Lo qeL lundinq lor our new
Ollice ol SusLainable Housinq and
CommuniLies. 1haL will be a criLical
prioriLy in our nexL budqeL, Lo conLinue
lundinq LhaL invesLmenL. 1he lederal
ellorL Lo supporL susLainable, smarL
planninq, aL boLh Lhe local and Lhe re
qional level, is a ma|or prioriLy lor Lhis
adminisLraLion and archiLecLs and
urban planners will play an incredibly
imporLanL role in LhaL ellorL.
One ol Lhe lessons we can Lake
lrom Lhe loreclosure crisis is noL
abouL linancial producLs, iL's abouL
Lhe qeoqraphy ol our meLropoliLan
areas. Look aL Lhe places hardesL hiL:
Lhe exurbs ol Las Veqas and Phoenix
or areas in Calilornia and Florida,
where you have isolaLed develop
menLs, Lwohourlonq commuLes Lo
|obs, and a lack ol LransporLaLion op
Lions. 1hose are Lhe places LhaL have
losL Lhe mosL value in Lhis crisis. lL's a
lesson abouL how we Lhink abouL our
communiLies, how we invesL in Lhem.
9I Why aren'L archiLecLs more
enqaqed in Lhe allordablehousinq
secLor?
J; One ol Lhe Lhinqs l leel sLronqly
abouL is LhaL we losL a whole qenera
Lion ol archiLecLs. Modernism had a
very sLronq sense ol social or even
moral responsibiliLy. YeL, because ol
Lhe direcLion LhaL urban renewal wenL,
because ol Lhe direcLion ol public
housinq, Lhere was a disillusionmenL
amonq archiLecLs. Frankly, Lhere also
was a disillusionmenL in Lhe broader
socieLy wiLh Lhe role ol archiLecLure
and archiLecLs in creaLinq a lederalisL
vision ol whaL communiLies should
look like a vision LhaL didn'L allow lor
communiLy voice. UnlorLunaLely, LhaL
led Lo a disenqaqemenL ol archiLec
commissioner ol Lhe New York CiLy
DeparLmenL ol Housinq PreservaLion
and DevelopmenL.
1he 300,000squarelooL com
plex is risinq on a .5acre remediaLed
brownlield siLe near a ma|or Lrans
porLaLion and commercial cenLer. Via
Verde will include 222 uniLs 5 ol
which are reserved lor lowincome
LenanLs spread across a 20sLory
Lure and archiLecLs lrom allordable
housinq, and lrom social responsibiliLy.
WhaL l see sLarLinq Lo happen
around Lhe counLry are opporLuniLies
lor archiLecLure and archiLecLs Lo
sLep back inLo a dialoque wiLh com
muniLies, parLicularly aL a Lime when
Lhe housinq crisis has decimaLed
neiqhborhoods. 1here's an enormous
opporLuniLy Lo brinq desiqn, in Lhe
besL sense, Lo lowincome communi
Lies, Lo make sure LhaL everyone ben
eliLs lrom iL. And l sense iL when l qo
Lo archiLecLure schools, when l Lalk
Lo archiLecLs Lhere's a reenqaqe
menL. 1he presidenL has helped Lo
qeL younq people exciLed aqain abouL
public service.
ArchiLecLs can emerqe lrom Lhis
lonq period ol disillusionmenL. l Lhink
ol Howard Roark [Lhe proLaqonisL
in K_\ =flekX`e_\X[|. Here's an
archiLecL dynamiLinq public housinq
in SL. Louis, as an emblem ol Lhe
disillusionmenL ol archiLecLure.
1here's a real opporLuniLy Lo move
pasL LhaL. Frankly, Lhe scale ol Lhe
crisis LhaL we're emerqinq lrom
demands iL. 1his is a unique momenL
lor archiLecLs.
9I For archiLecLs who have never
worked wiLh HUD, how do Lhey beqin
Lo qeL involved?
J; l encouraqe archiLecLs Lo reach
ouL Lo local communiLy qroups,
qovernmenL aqencies, public housinq
auLhoriLies, and communiLy develop
menL corporaLions. UndersLand whaL
ellorLs Lhey have under way.
HUD will be prioriLizinq desiqn,
and l mean a broad sense ol desiqn
noL |usL Lhe archiLecLure buL planninq
as well. We'll be raisinq Lhe prolile
ol iL, relaLive Lo pasL ellorLs. BuL
ulLimaLely, archiLecLs have Lo lind
parLners wiLhin Lheir communiLies Lo
be eliqible Lo parLicipaLe. So really,
iL's abouL reachinq ouL locally.
9I Final messaqe lor archiLecLs?
J; Look aL Lhe misLakes we made in
Lhe pasL by noL emphasizinq desiqn in
allordable housinq, and noL inLe
qraLinq LhaL Lype ol housinq more
ellecLively inLo our communiLies. We
are all livinq wiLh Lhe consequences.
lL's soberinq. You don'L have Lo be an
archiLecL Lo undersLand Lhe impacL
LhaL qood desiqn can have on some
body's lile.
Lower, a midrise duplex buildinq, and
Lown houses, all orqanized around a
cenLral courLyard. 1he complex will
leaLure a wellness cenLer and edible
qardens.
Desiqned Lo use nearly oneLhird
less enerqy Lhan a comparable hous
inq developmenL, Via Verde, which
means "Creen Way," is expecLed Lo
meeL or exceed LLLD Cold require
menLs. SusLainable leaLures include
a rainwaLer collecLion sysLem, phoLo
volLaic panels, and qreen rools.
1he $00 million pro|ecL
has been years in Lhe makinq. lL
sLemmed lrom a 200^ compeLi
Lion orqanized by AlA N.Y., which
asked desiqners Lo conceive qreen,
allordable housinq. 1haL underLakinq
evolved inLo Lhe "Leqacy Pro|ecL," a
compeLiLion sponsored by AlA N.Y.
and various ciLy deparLmenLs. lL, Loo,
soliciLed proposals lor susLainable,
allordable housinq, buL locused
on Lhe SouLh Bronx siLe. Crimshaw
and DaLLner, paired wiLh JonaLhan
Rose Companies and Phipps Houses
Croup, won lirsL place, beaLinq ouL
32 oLher conLenders. 8cXeeX DXcfe\
)-
8I E<NJ JULY 200 AFFORDABLL HOUSlNC
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Watch a video interview with
developer Jonathan Pose at
http://tinyurl.com/|onathanrose
888. 552. 9497
rockymountainhardware.com 6/<21@/4B32 0@=<H3 6/@2E/@3
CIRCLE 7 1
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Finalists Ior 20!0 Aga Khan
Award Announced
[ NCTABLE PPCJECT5 | [ ADAPTIVE PEU5E |
28 AR NEWS JULY 200 DAMASCUS | ACA KHAN AWARD
THE 19 F!NAL!STS lor Lhe Aqa Khan Award lor ArchiLecLure
were announced May 25 durinq an evenL aL Lhe Museum
ol Modern ArL in New York CiLy. Chosen by a ninemember
masLer |ury, Lhe pro|ecLs on Lhe shorL lisL ranqe lrom a LexLile
lacLory in 1urkey Lo a women's healLh cenLer in Burkina Faso.
LsLablished in 977 and qiven every Lhree years, Lhe presLi
qious Aqa Khan Award recoqnizes noLable pro|ecLs in commu
niLies where Muslims have a siqnilicanL presence. 1he proqram
was creaLed by His Hiqhness Lhe Aqa Khan, lmam ol Lhe Shia
lmami lsmaili Muslims. 1he prize lund LoLals $500,000.
Various Lypes ol pro|ecLs are eliqible, includinq conLem
porary archiLecLure, social housinq, hisLoric preservaLion,
adapLive reuse, and landscape desiqn. 1he award is inLended Lo
honor all ol Lhe enLiLies involved in a pro|ecL, such as archiLecLs,
municipaliLies, builders, clienLs, cralLsmen, and enqineers.
Followinq siLe visiLs and lurLher discussion by Lhe masLer
|ury, Lhe 200 winners will be revealed in OcLober aL a cer
emony in Doha, OaLar. A\eeX D% DZBe`^_k
Ccnservaticn cf Cjirckastra, C|irokasLra, Albania
Chandacn Mcsque, ChiLLaqonq, Banqladesh
Nishcrc Visitcr !nterpretaticn Centre, 1eknal, Banqladesh
CBF Wcmen's HeaIth Centre, Ouaqadouqou, Burkina Faso
Bride SchccI, Xiashi, China
TuIcu CcIIective Hcusin, Cuanqzhou, China
PaImyra Hcuse, Alibaqh, lndia
Creen SchccI, Bali, lndonesia
Reccnstructicn cf Nibikan ViIIae, YoqyakarLa, lndonesia
DcwIat !! ResidentiaI BuiIdin, 1ehran, lran
American University cf Beirut Campus Master PIan,
BeiruL, Lebanon
Restcraticn cf the Rubber Smckehcuse, Lunas,
Kedah, Malaysia
RehabiIitaticn cf AI 0aracuiyine Mcsque, Fez, Morocco
Scuk Waqif, Doha, OaLar
Wadi Hanifa WetIands, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Madinat AI-Zahra Museum, Cordoba, Spain
Ycdakandyia Ccmmunity Centre, HambanLoLa DisLricL,
Sri Lanka
RevitaIizaticn cf the recent Heritae cf Tunis, 1unis, 1unisia
!pekycI TextiIe Factcry, Ldirne, 1urkey
5etting a Cood Example in a
Threatened Historic District
. PaImyra Hcuse, in AIibah, !ndia.
2. Creen SchccI, in BaIi, !ndcnesia.
THE 0LD C!TY 0F Damascus,
in Syria, miqhL be a UNLSCO
World HeriLaqe siLe, buL in re
cenL years money has poured
in lor new hoLels and resLau
ranLs. Dozens are already
open, while licenses have
reporLedly been qranLed lor
more Lhan 50 hospiLaliLy
pro|ecLs across Lhe

/2square
mile area. ln some cases, old
buildinqs were razed Lo make
way lor newly consLrucLed
esLablishmenLs, oLhers were
hasLily resLored. Developers'
lack ol Lechnical experLise has
led Lo Lhe use ol cheap con
creLe insLead ol sLone and mud
brick, and many developers
decoraLe wiLh a pasLiche ol
OrienLalisL elemenLs.
Now Lhe Aqa Khan
DevelopmenL NeLwork
(AKDN), Lhe orqanizaLion LhaL
promoLes Lhe preservaLion ol
lslamic heriLaqe, is hopinq Lo
demonsLraLe a new develop
menL model lor Lhe area. 1he
qroup is in Lhe midsL ol |udi
ciously resLorinq Lhree ol Lhe
Old CiLy's mosL splendid laLe
OLLoman houses: BeiL Nizam
(Nizam House), BeiL Sibai,
and BeiL KuwaLli. All Lhree will
reopen collecLively as a yeL
Lobenamed luxury hoLel.
Accordinq Lo Ali Lsmail, C.L.O.
ol Aqa Khan CulLural Services
in Syria, Lhe AKDN wanLs "Lo
brinq Lo lile Lhose imporLanL
The Aa Khan DeveIcpment Netwcrk is restcrin three histcric
hcuses in Syria.
2
hisLoric asseLs."
1he dwellinqs, which daLe
lrom Lhe mid8Lh Lo laLe
9Lh cenLuries, once housed
allluenL merchanL lamilies.
1hey are mansions, really,
wiLh sprawlinq courLyards,
ornaLe receivinq rooms,
and Lhe environmenLally
adapLive layouL ol LradiLional
Damascene archiLecLure.
Bequn in 2008 wiLh a
$20 million invesLmenL, Lhe
AKDN pro|ecL is slaLed Lo be
linished in 202. Calleries,
cales, and "showrooms" Lo
Damascene archiLecLure will
lill Lhe qroundlloor qreeLinq
rooms, and Lhe complex will
leaLure LradiLional buildinq
maLerials insLalled by skilled
cralLsmen.
SLill, Lhe pro|ecL worries
some local residenLs and
hisLorians who admired Lhe
houses as inlormal museums.
Lven il Lhe buildinqs are
resLored in earnesL, "who
will qo Lo Lhese qalleries and
cales?" asked one veLeran
archiLecL who wished Lo
remain anonymous. "Surely
noL your averaqe Syrian."
1he Old CiLy is rile wiLh
debaLe over Lhe pace ol
invesLmenL in recenL years,
and Lhe AKDN's pro|ecL liLs
squarely inLo Lhese discus
sions. "1he idea ol invesLinq
[in a hoLel or resLauranL|
sLarLed in order Lo creaLe
money Lo linance Lhe resLo
raLion," said Naim ZabiLa, an
archiLecL. "1his should noL be
a LarqeL in iLsell, Lo come only
lor invesLmenL. We wanL Lo
encouraqe more people Lo
live in Lhe old Lown, and iL's
noL easy because iL's becom
inq so expensive."
A naLion quickly losinq iLs
pariah sLaLus as iL opens Lo
WesLern Lourism, Syria hosLs
a wealLh ol hisLoric Arab
residenLial archiLecLure. BuL
much is in disrepair. 1he Old
CiLy's classic Arab houses
beqan empLyinq in Lhe 930s
as wealLhy lamilies were
aLLracLed Lo Modern, open
plan aparLmenLs in Lhe new
suburbs. Houses like BeiL
Nizam, Sibai, and KuwaLli were
abandoned, some became
warehouses and schools.
Poorer, rural lamilies LhaL
moved inLo Damascus lor
work lilled Lhem, as Lhe real
esLaLe prices and populaLion
in Lhe Old CiLy shrank.
YeL as Syria's socialisL
economy opened up in Lhe
990s, Lhe Old CiLy became a
developmenL LarqeL. While
now a popular LourisL desLi
naLion, iLs hisLoric archiLec
Lure remains LhreaLened. ln
2002 and aqain in 2008, Lhe
World MonumenLs Fund puL
Old Damascus on iLs WaLch LisL
ol LhreaLened heriLaqe siLes.
1he AKDN aims Lo
preserve Lhree hisLoric
sLrucLures in Lhis disLricL
while qivinq Lhem a modern
purpose. "We are hopinq Lo
inLroduce Lhe pro|ecL as a
model Lo invesLors and Lhe
qovernmenL," Lsmail said,
"lrom documenLaLion Lo
desiqn Lo resLoraLion." ll Lhey
succeed, Lhe pro|ecL could
serve as a benchmark in a
counLry LhaL is expandinq iLs
economy while preservinq iLs
pasL. =i\[\i`Zb ;\beXk\c
1 2 3 4
Silver 20 on =2 Surlace
LowE on =3 Surlace
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CIRCLE 18
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30 AR NEWS JULY 200 ON 1HL BOARDS
The New SchccI University Center
CF:8K@FE New Ycrk City 8I:?@K<:K Skidmcre, 0wins & MerriII
Desiqned by Roqer Dully ol SOM, Lhe UniversiLy CenLer will serve as a
cohesive uniL lor 1he New School, whose campus consisLs ol a scaLLerinq
ol buildinqs in ManhaLLan. 1he 365,000squarelooL, 6sLory cenLer will
conLain a cenLral library, space lor academic and public proqrams, an audi
Lorium, and a 608bed dormiLory. CompleLion is planned lor lall 203.
ArceIcrMittaI 0rbit
CF:8K@FE Lcndcn ;<J@>E<IJ Anish Kapccr, CeciI BaImcnd
BriLish sculpLor Anish Kapoor and ARUP's Cecil Balmond have envisioned
a new sLeel Lower lor London's 250acre Olympic Park, which conLinues
Lo Lake shape in advance ol Lhe 202 Summer Cames. 1he sLrucLure will
rise 5 meLers (378 leeL) abouL 60 leeL hiqher Lhan New York's SLaLue ol
LiberLy. ArcelorMiLLal, a ma|or sLeel producer, will lund mosL ol Lhe $27.5
million pro|ecL.
Rcse Carden !sIands
CF:8K@FE LjubIjana, SIcvenia 8I:?@K<:K 0F!S
OFlS ArchiLecLs, a 200 RLCORD Desiqn Vanquard lirm, was commis
sioned Lo desiqn a rouqhly 93,000squarelooL housinq complex wiLh 00
uniLs, plus an underqround parkinq area. 1he archiLecLs conceived Lhree
hexaqonal "islands," each wiLh an inLerior courLyard. Primary maLerials
are wood, qlass, and concreLe. ConsLrucLion is slaLed Lo beqin Lhis lall.
[ J8E88&@DI<P :LC9<IK |
Cflmi\ 8ee\o I`j\j fe =fid\i D`e`e^ J`k\
LENS, A C!TY 0F 250,000 in norLhern France, had
a rouqh 20Lh cenLury. 1he Lown was Lwice desLroyed
by world wars, and iLs economic enqine, coal mines,
qradually declined and have been shuLLered lor
more Lhan 20 years. Followinq Lhe lead ol nearby
Lille, which has reesLablished iLsell as a business
and culLural hub, Lens is Lryinq Lo reinvenL iLsell.
ln 200^, alLer reviewinq a number ol poLenLial
ciLies, qovernmenL ollicials selecLed one ol Lens's
lormer mines now a qreen, hilly pasLure as
Lhe siLe lor Lhe lirsL Louvre saLelliLe museum.
Followinq an inLernaLional compeLiLion, Lhe Leam
ol 1okyobased SANAA and New York/Paris
based lmrey CulberL was chosen lor Lhe pro|ecL in
SepLember 2005. AlLer a series ol permiLLinq and
linancinq processes, Lhe 50 million euro ($26
million USD), 83,000 squarelooL sLrucLure has
bequn consLrucLion, wiLh an inLended compleLion
daLe in 202.
1he museum is Lo consisL ol live pavilions,
connecLed aL Lheir corners. Aside lrom Lhe qlass
enLrance pavilion, Lhe buildinqs will be clad in
rellecLive aluminum, which will mirror Lhe pasLoral
surroundinqs in blurred lorm.
LouisAnLoine Creqo, pro|ecL archiLecL
lor SANAA, is workinq wiLh local archiLecLs
LxLramuros Lo Lake Lhe pro|ecL Lo compleLion. He
says Lhe curvaLure ol Lhe buildinqs will add Lo Lhe
eLhereal ellecL: "As you walk by, Lhe buildinq will
chanqe, helpinq Lo subLly inLeqraLe iL inLo Lhe siLe."
1he museum is slaLed Lo display arL lrom
Lhe Louvre's vasL collecLion, which spans eiqhL
deparLmenLs (Near LasLern AnLiquiLies, LqypLian
AnLiquiLies, Creek, LLruscan, and Roman
AnLiquiLies, lslamic ArL, DecoraLive ArLs, PrinLs
and Drawinqs, SculpLures, and PainLinqs). 1he
Lens branch will show rarely seen pieces and
will hiqhliqhL Lhe archival and conservaLion roles
ol Lhe insLiLuLion wiLh a series ol visible, below
qrade sLoraqe areas a relerence Lo Lhe siLe's
mininq hisLory.
"lL's an idea ol excavaLion and layers," explains
Celia lmrey, principal ol lmrey CulberL, which is
no lonqer involved wiLh Lhe pro|ecL. "BuL iL's sLill
abouL a museum and a museum proqram, noL a
qesLure LhaL is Lacked on."
AnoLher main leaLure will be Lhe Callery ol
1ime, curaLed by French museoqrapher Adrien
Cardere. 1he larqe, conLinuous qallery will have
arLwork arranqed chronoloqically and will empha
0N THE B0ARDS
size crossculLural connecLions by displayinq works
produced in dillerenL places aL Lhe same Lime (lor
insLance, pieces LhaL were made in Creece and
China while Lhe Pyramids were beinq builL).
WiLh more Lhan 700,000 visiLors anLicipaLed
lor iLs openinq year, LouvreLens could caLalyze a
reqeneraLion ol Lhe surroundinq area and help a
lormer indusLrial Lown prosper in Lhe 2sL cenLury.
8c\bjXe[i 9`\i`^
Bring Your Vision To Life.
Partner with a CTS Audiovisual Professional.
Harman Center for the Arts, Washington, DC
Great spaces are created by outstanding architects. The most spectacular spaces in the
world are designed by architects who involve Certifed Technology Specialists early in the
design process. Audiovisual professionals with the CTS credential work with architects and
acousticians to make sure each space functions as well as it looks. Disguised behind the
scenes is one of the most fexible audiovisual systems in the world.
To collaborate with a CTS or to learn more about this award-winning project,
visit www.ctsforav.com.
CIRCLE 19
32 AR NEWS JULY 200 NLWS BRlLFS
National Trust Announcements
1he NaLional 1rusL lor HisLoric PreservaLion has hired a new presidenL:
SLephanie Meeks, who sLarLs July 6. She replaces Richard Moe, who re
Lired lasL monLh alLer leadinq Lhe orqanizaLion lor 7 years. Meeks will be
Lhe eiqhLh presidenL ol Lhe LrusL, which was creaLed in 9^9 by leqislaLion
siqned by PresidenL Harry 1ruman. ln relaLed news: 1he LrusL has released
iLs annual lisL ol Lhe MosL Lndanqered HisLoric Places in Lhe U.S. 1he
siLes include Lhe lndusLrial ArLs Buildinq in Nebraska, Lhe ArL DecosLyle
1hreelooL Buildinq in Mississippi, and Lhe MeLropoliLan AML Church (riqhL) in
WashinqLon, D.C. VisiL us online Lo see a slide show.
Yamasaki Archives 5aved From Destruction
Once desLined lor Lhe shredder, Lhe archives ol lamed MidcenLury ModernisL
Minoru Yamasaki have been saved, Lhanks Lo a lasLminuLe rescue ellorL by
preservaLionisLs. 1he records, now beinq sLored in Lhe SLaLe ol Michiqan
Archives, include iLems relaLed Lo Lhe N.Y.C. World 1rade CenLer Lowers.
Lutron Illuminates the Past
Joel Spira, invenLor ol Lhe solidsLaLe elecLronic dimminq device, as well as
chairman and lounder ol LuLron LlecLronics (96), has donaLed a ranqe ol
his company's mosL innovaLive and hisLoric maLerials Lo Lhe SmiLhsonian
NaLional Museum ol American HisLory.
Newsmaker: Eva Franch i Cilabert
Followinq an inLernaLional search, Lhe SLorelronL lor ArL and ArchiLecLure
has named Lva Franch l CilaberL iLs new direcLor. A CaLalan archiLecL, re
searcher, and Leacher, Franch l CilaberL, 3, is lounder ol Lhe solo pracLice
OOAA (ollice ol archiLecLural allairs).
AIA/HUD Design Awards
Allordable housinq pro|ecLs by David Baker + ParLners, ArchiLecLs, PSL
ArchiLecLs, buildinqcommuniLy WORKSHOP, and 1yler Lnqle ArchiLecLs are
Lhe winners ol Lhe 200 AlA/HUD SecreLary Awards.
Violy's New Domino Plan Wins Key Approval
On June 7, Lhe N.Y.C. planninq commission voLed 30 Lo approve Ralael
Violy's scheme Lo converL Lhe hisLoric Domino suqar planL, in Brooklyn, inLo
homes, ollices, and shops. 1he $.5 billion proposal now heads Lo Lhe CiLy
Council lor a linal voLe.
N.Y.C. 5kyscraper Earns LEED Platinum
1he ,200looLLall One BryanL Park, in ManhaLLan, has earned LLLD
PlaLinum under Lhe USCBC's LLLD Core & Shell raLinq sysLem. 1o daLe, iL is
Lhe only commercial hiqhrise buildinq in Lhe U.S. Lo achieve Lhis sLaLus.
Design Experts Convene Ior Haiti ConIerence
On June ^, more Lhan 50 people lilled a Cooper Union audiLorium in New
York CiLy lor a livehour symposium on "Rebuildinq a SusLainable HaiLi."
Orqanized by Lhe lnsLiLuLe lor Urban Desiqn, Lhe lree evenL ollered an over
view ol redevelopmenL sLraLeqies lor Lhe quakeravaqed Caribbean naLion.
44
42
45
46
42
40
50
60
30
INQUIRIES BILLINGS
56
52
61
55
2009 2010
M J J A S O N D J F M A M
54
The billings index dropped to
45.S in May, ending a steady
threemonth climb. "This dip is
somewhat oI a surprise since it
appeared that conditions were
pointing toward a recovery,"
stated Kermit Baker, the AIA's
chieI economist. The inquiries
score also slipped a Iew points,
registering at 55.5.
Architectural Billings
David Dillon
David Dillon, a leadinq archiLecLure criLic and
RLCORD conLribuLor, died June 3 ol a hearL
aLLack aL his MassachuseLLs home. He was 68.
Dillon, who held deqrees lrom BosLon Colleqe
and Harvard UniversiLy, |oined Lhe K_\ ;XccXj
Dfie`e^ E\nj in 98 and worked Lhere lor 25
years. RespecLed naLionally and reqionally,
Dillon auLhored several books, includinq K_\
8iZ_`k\Zkli\ f] FE\`c =fi[ (999), and LauqhL
aL Lhe UniversiLy ol MassachuseLLs aL AmhersL.
1he school plans Lo esLablish a lecLure series
in honor ol Dillon and hosL a remembrance
evenL Lhis lall. A\eeX D% DZBe`^_k
William J. Mitchell
A lonqLime boosLer ol compuLeraided desiqn,
William MiLchell, 65, died on June in BosLon
ol complicaLions lrom cancer. Born in rural
AusLralia, MiLchell received an archiLecLure
deqree lrom Lhe UniversiLy ol Melbourne, an
M.A. lrom Cambridqe UniversiLy, Lnqland, and
a masLer's in environmenLal desiqn lrom Yale.
From 992 Lo 2003, he was dean ol Ml1's
archiLecLure school, where he launched Lhe
SmarL CiLies proqram. MiLchell published a
number ol books, includinq D\""1 K_\ :pYfi^
J\c] Xe[ k_\ E\knfib\[ :`kp (2003) and :`kp
f] 9`kj1 JgXZ\# GcXZ\# Xe[ k_\ @e]fYX_e (995).
:%A% ?l^_\j
CBITUAPIE5
MetrcpcIitan AME Church was named an endanered histcric site.
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I nt egr al Col or : #306 Ci nnamon
| L: 800-624-0261 0A: 800-483-9628 www. sol omoncol ors. com
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As the world leader in concrete
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With consistent color and an
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on Solomon Colors to
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their architectural
concrete products.
Visit our website for information on
LEED and Solar Reflectance
The 'USGBC Member Logo' is a trademark owned by the U.S. Green
Building Council and is used by permission. The logo signifies only that
Solomon Colors is a USGBC member; USGBC does not review, certify,
or endorse the products or services off ered by its members.
CIRCLE 20
The right glass can do wonders for indoor environments.
Solarban, IdeaScapes, PPG and the PPG logo are trademarks owned by PPG Industries, Inc. | Cradle to Cradle Certied
CM
is a certication mark of MBDC.
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And the outdoor one.
PPG Industries, Inc., Glass Business & Discovery Center, 400 Guys Run Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15024 www.ppgideascapes.com
CIRCLE 21
IF9<IK M<EKLI@J @:FE@: (0-+ house lor
his moLher in ChesLnuL Hill, Pennsylvania, a
deparLure lrom Lhe "less is more" ideal ol his
archiLecLural peers aL Lhe Lime, ollered a sLronq
buL subLle sLaLemenL. ln his own words, iLs
qabled lorm creaLed "an almosL symbolic imaqe
ol a house."
1hese days, you can lorqeL subLleLy. A
sLrinq ol recenL pro|ecLs Lakes an inyourlace
approach Lo revive Lhe qable once aqain. ln
1okyo, Sou Fu|imoLo sLacks proLoLypical house
shapes Lhree sLories hiqh in a wood sLrucLure.
ln Zaandam, Lhe NeLherlands, DellLbased
WAM ArchiLecLen qoes lurLher, or hiqher, wiLh
iLs 2sLory, blocklike composiLion ol LradiLional
coLLaqes lrom Holland's norLhern Zaan reqion.
Herzoq & de Meuron plays a qame ol Jenqa
wiLh exLruded versions ol Lhe same shape
lor ViLraHaus in ViLra's archiLecLural park in
Weil am Rhein, Cermany.
FiLLinqly, Lhe buildinqs are, respecLively:
collecLive housinq, a hoLel, and a showroom lor
home lurnishinqs in essence, a permanenL
home, a Lemporary home, and an ideal home.
BuL while VenLuri's house may have helped
Lo usher in archiLecLure's PosLmodern era, whaL
can be made ol Lhis new phenomenon? ls Lhe
compleLion ol Lhese Lhree sLrikinqly similar
pro|ecLs wiLhin monLhs ol each oLher merely a
coincidence, or do Lhey rellecL a new Lendency
in archiLecLure?
From Japan Lo Cermany Lo Lhe NeLherlands,
Lhe very lacL LhaL Lhese "domesLic" pro|ecLs
have popped up around Lhe world suqqesLs LhaL
archiLecLure, and Lhe prolession's increasinqly
inLernaLional scope, is respondinq Lo a common
condiLion ol conLemporary socieLy, and ol
qlobeLroLLinq archiLecLs in parLicular. lL is Lhe
qlobal naLure ol modern lile LhaL has us lonqinq
lor Lhe comlorLs ol home. Afj\g_`e\ D`elk`ccf
. 5ou Fu|imoto Architects' Tokyo Apartment
consists oI Iive dwelling units in a residential
section oI central Tokyo.
2. WAM Architecten's hotel in Zaandam, the
Netherlands's revitalized center incorporates
the iconic wooden houses oI the region.
3. VitraHaus, designed by Herzog & de Meuron
to display the company's home Iurnishings, is
the latest architectural stunner on Vitra's
campus in Weil am Phein, Cermany.
Housinq SLack
ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 *-
<E:FLEK<I1 TPEND5

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AN INCREDIBLE LEGACY.
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20 sizes, 13 textures. Face brick, thin brick, pavers, special
shapes, and the ability to create custom shapes and pieces
for dramatic brick sculptures. All in a product line that lets
your imagination soar. So trust your design to the company
that sets the standard of qual i ty for the bri ck i ndustry.
Canton, Ohio / (330) 456-0031 / www.beldenbrick.com
An ISO 9001:2008 Registered Quality Management System
The Standard of Comparison Since 1885
CIRCLE 22
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TW!N S!STERS SALWA AND SELMA Mikou, principals ol
Parisbased Mikou Desiqn SLudio, were inLroduced Lo
archiLecLure Lhrouqh livinq wiLh Lheir lamily in a LradiLional
riyad in Lhe hearL ol Lhe medina in Fez, Morocco. "1he house
was like a whiLe and luminous void inside Lhe labyrinLhine
Lypoloqy ol Lhe ciLy," says Selma. "1he conLrasL beLween Lhe
very Lhin spaces ol Lhe sLreeLs and Lhe open and qenerous
space in Lhe paLio ol our house was very powerlul." 1he sisLers
say Lhose imaqes have always sLayed wiLh Lhem: sLeppinq
lrom a dim alleyway inLo a dark vesLibule, Lhen emerqinq inLo
a sunliL cenLral courLyard around which Lhe house rises. 1he
house had no windows on Lhe sLreeL side, as iLs locus was on
Lhe privaLe oasis wiLhin.
Home and hearLh havinq lelL such sLronq reverberaLions
in Lhe minds ol Lhe Mikou sisLers, iL miqhL seem sLranqe LhaL
Lhe Lwo have qone on Lo build an archiLecLural pracLice LhaL
includes no sinqlelamily residences. From workinq aL oLher
lirms Salwa worked as a pro|ecL archiLecL lor ALeliers Jean
Nouvel, in charqe ol pro|ecLs in BeiruL, KuwaiL, and Seoul,
while Selma spenL Lhose same years as pro|ecL archiLecL
lor Renzo Piano Buildinq Workshop, in charqe ol pro|ecLs in
Abu Dhabi and London Lhey sLarLed Mikou Desiqn SLudio in
2005 and |umped direcLly inLo desiqninq public insLiLuLional
buildinqs. 1he sisLers run Lheir 0person lirm as a work
shop where everyone collaboraLes on every pro|ecL, like "a
biq lamily." 1heir lirsL builL pro|ecL a pre and elemenLary
PR!NC!PALS:
Salwa Mikou, Selma Mikou
L0CAT!0N: Paris, France
F0UNDED: 2005
DES!CN STAFF: 0
W0RK H!ST0RY: Salwa: ALeliers
Jean Nouvel, Paris, 2005,
Selma: Renzo Piano Buildinq
Workshop, Paris, 20025
EDUCAT!0N: Lcole NaLionale
Superieure d'ArchiLecLure de
ParisBelleville, Paris, 2000,
B.Arch., Salwa: LPFL, Lausanne,
SwiLzerland, 2003, M.Arch.
KEY C0MPLETED PR0JECTS:
Bailly School, SL. Denis, France,
200
KEY CURRENT PR0JECTS:
Jean LurcaL Colleqe, SainLDenis,
France, 20, Bobiqny School
Complex, Bobiqny, France, 20,
BaLeau Feu 1heaLre, Dunkerque,
France, 20, Paris lnsLiLuLe
lor lslamic CulLure, Paris,
202, Zero Lnerqie Campus,
SainLOuen, France, 202, SainL
LLienne URSSAF HeadquarLers,
SainLLLienne, France, unbuilL,
1raininq CenLre lor SusLainable
DevelopmenL Prolessionals,
Marrakesh, Morocco, unbuilL
WEB S!TE:
mikousLudio.com
. CcIcred eaves extend intc
the street in frcnt cf the
BaiIIy SchccI in Saint-Denis,
France. HaIIways run the
Ienth cf the buiIdin,
ccnnectin cIassrccms
criented arcund ardens. K^Zl VYY^i^dcVa ^bV\Zh dca^cZ#
*0 ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 PROFlLL
2. The desin fcr this
172,000-square-fcct theater
ccmpIex is inspired by the
many cverIappin cuItures
that have pIayed parts in
the histcry cf its Iccaticn,
Beirut.
THE EMERC!NC ARCH!TECT

2
Mikou Desiqn SLudio
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A W0VEN SHELTER de
siqned by Jiyoun Kim and a
liqhLweiqhL sLrucLure made
ol prelabricaLed modules by
Cene Kaulman shared lirsL
place in Lhe lirsL annual ldeas
CompeLiLion orqanized by
Lhe AlA's Younq ArchiLecLs
Forum and Lhe CommiLLee on
Desiqn. Lric PoliLe Look Lhird
place wiLh his desiqn ol a por
Lable dwellinq uniL labricaLed
lrom recycled plasLics and
polymers. 1he compeLiLion
challenqed parLicipanLs Lo
devise a scheme lor posL
disasLer housinq on Lhe siLe
ol HousLon's AsLrodome.
Kim's desiqn uses
donuLshaped labric panels
LhaL unskilled workers on
siLe can lill wiLh sand, mud,
sLraw, or reluse and Lhen
weave LoqeLher. Once lilled
and connecLed, Lhe labric
panels serve as boLh skin
and sLrucLure.
Kim explains LhaL her
desiqn was a response Lo
a sLaLemenL by a planner
aL Lhe UniLed NaLion, Hiqh
DillerenL approaches win compeLiLion lor reluqee housinq
[ 8@8 :FDG<K@K@FE |
BLLOW: This 10B,000-square-
fcct headquarters fcr the
URSSAF (France's scciaI
security administraticn)
inccrpcrates numercus reen
terraces fcr bcth private and
pubIic use. AII cffices and wcrk
spaces have access tc ardens.
lrom vaculormed uniLs deliv
ered Lo Lhe siLe by Lruck.
BarLon Phelps, FAlA,
Lawrence Scarpa, FAlA,
and Mehrdad Yazdani, AlA,
served on Lhe |ury lor Lhe
compeLiLion.
:c`]]fi[ 8% G\Xijfe
Commission lor Reluqees
who said iL is very hard Lo
replace LimeLesLed LenLs,
no maLLer Lheir limiLaLions.
So insLead ol sLarLinq lrom
scraLch, she used LenL labric,
buL adapLed iL so iL could
creaLe permanenL, as well
as Lemporary, housinq. Kim
worked on Lhe pro|ecL as her
senior Lhesis aL Lhe New York
lnsLiLuLe ol 1echnoloqy.
Kaulman desiqned a sys
Lem ol prelabricaLed modules
LhaL nesL wiLhin each oLher
lor shippinq, Lhen slide ouL
onsiLe. PivoLinq solar panels
and wind Lurbines on Lhe
rools provide power, while
rain is collecLed lor drinkinq
waLer, and dry composLinq
LoileLs eliminaLe Lhe need lor
sewaqe connecLion. As a re
sulL, Lhe houses can operaLe
even when a ciLy's power qrid
has collapsed.
Kaulman, who runs his
own lirm in New York CiLy and
has explored prelabricaLed
plasLic baLhroom modules
lor hoLel pro|ecLs, says, "l've
LhaL would produce Lhe uniLs,
renLinq or sellinq some Lo pay
lor oLhers deployed Lo disas
Ler or reluqee siLes.
PoliLe also used prelabri
caLion in his scheme, devisinq
a sysLem ol porLable and
sLackable residences made
been workinq on all kinds ol
housinq my enLire career,
so Lhis compeLiLion was a
chance Lo use LhaL experLise
lor a qood cause. You can say
l've had Lhis idea inside me
lor a lonq Lime." He hopes Lo
seL up a nonproliL loundaLion
school complex in SainLDenis, France reveals a biL ol Lheir
Moroccan hisLory. 1he school has corridors alonq Lhe lenqLh ol
Lhe buildinq on boLh sLories, connecLinq clusLers ol classrooms
orienLed around qardens and courLyards.
You can also see Lraces ol Lhe sisLers' inlluences in some ol
Lheir many currenL pro|ecLs on Lhe boards: a LheaLer complex
in Dunkerque, France, wiLh lour dillerenL lacades LhaL reacL Lo
Lhe various urban siLuaLions Lhey lace, Lhe lnsLiLuLe lor lslamic
CulLure in Paris's 8Lh ArrondissemenL, an eleqanL desiqn
wiLh sLrucLural arches LhaL inLersecL nonorLhoqonally, Lhe
SainLLLienne, France, headquarLers buildinq lor Lhe URSSAF,
France's social securiLy adminisLraLion, which includes access
Lo qreen space lor every ollice in Lhe 08,000squarelooL
space. All larqescale, and each wiLh humanisLic Louches LhaL
belie Lhe pro|ecLs' insLiLuLional naLure and size. "We love
culLural pro|ecLs," says Selma. "Museums, LheaLers, spaces
lor resL, leisure, enLerLainmenL. 1owers and verLical Lypoloqies
also. Larqescale pro|ecLs brinq us a loL ol saLislacLion because
Lhey make us Lhink abouL new ways ol livinq, how Lo cross ac
LiviLies, and Lo brinq naLure and imaqinaLion inLo public spaces."
While Mikou Desiqn SLudio conLinues Lo compeLe in
compeLiLions lor pro|ecLs in Lurope and beyond and Lo par
LicipaLe in insLallaLions (Lhey are currenLly workinq on one in
Casablanca), Lhe sisLers are also seekinq residenLial clienLs.
"We wanL Lo work wiLh more privaLe clienLs because we leel
LhaL human relaLionships brinq richness Lo pro|ecLs," says
Selma. "BuL ulLimaLely, il a clienL is inLelliqenL, sophisLicaLed,
and needs our help, Lhen all pro|ecLs are inLeresLinq. Our
credo is how Lo qive more because a buildinq is above all a
place ol qivinq." @e^i`[ Jg\eZ\i
+' ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 THE EMERC!NC ARCH!TECT PROFlLL / NLWS
K^Zl VYY^i^dcVa ^bV\Zh dca^cZ#
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CIRCLE 23
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CIRCLE 24
China, China.: Western Architects
and City PIanners in China, Yp O`e
Cl% ?Xka\ :Xekq M\icX^ >D9?# )''/#
(() gX^\j# *'%
Learnin frcm Hanzhcu,
Yp DXk_`\n 9fipj\m`Zq# ;\e`j\
JZfkk$9ifne# IfY\ik M\ekli`# Xe[
:cXi`jX ;`Xq% K`d\qfe\ /# )''0#
**' gX^\j# +,%
Pcsiticns: Pcrtrait cf a New
Ceneraticn cf Chinese Architects,
Yp =i\[\i`Z <[\cdXee% 8ZkXi# )''/#
)(- gX^\j# +'%
Urban China: Wcrk in Prcress,
Yp A`Xe^ Ale2 \[`k\[ Yp 9i\e[Xe
DZ>\ki`Zb% K`d\qfe\ / Xe[
LiYXe :_`eX DX^Xq`e\# )''0#
)'/ gX^\j# +'%
AT THE B0TT0M ol Lhe lasL paqe
ol Xin Lu's :_`eX# :_`eX Lhere is
Lhis disclaimer: "Because ol Lhe
rapid developmenLs in China,
inlormaLion and daLa qiven will be
sub|ecL Lo chanqe even durinq Lhe
publicaLion process." l Lhink Lhis
sums up Lhe siLuaLion over Lhere,
buL iL should noL deLer Lhose poised
Lo sLarL pracLicinq in China lrom
readinq Lhis essenLial publicaLion.
Xin Lu is aL her besL when
arLiculaLinq Lhe ins and ouLs ol
China's business culLure and how
lirms Lhere operaLe under condi
Lions ol consLanL llux. She provides
an insider's perspecLive on how
overlappinq domains ol sLaLe, parLy,
and a sLillevolvinq leqal lramework
shape Lhe pracLice ol archiLecLure,
and how loreiqn lirms can neqoLiaLe
uncharLed economic waLers.
While meanL Lo be a handbook,
:_`eX# :_`eX occasionally veers
inLo Lhe realm ol Lravel liLeraLure
ol Lhe 9LhcenLury varieLy
inLerpreLinq culLural dillerences by
ciLinq books such as K_\ Jg`i`k f] k_\
:_`e\j\ G\fgc\, published in 95.
1hese secLions are amusinq, buL
many ol Lhe broad qeneralizaLions
LhaL Xin Lu aLLribuLes Lo "culLure,"
"essence," or "lanquaqe," when
removed lrom Lheir oriqinal conLexL
ol early20LhcenLury inLellecLual
debaLes, undermine her imporLanL
2sLcenLury poinLs abouL llexibiliLy,
communicaLion, and process.
C\Xie`e^ ]ifd ?Xe^q_fl
invokes C\Xie`e^ ]ifd CXj M\^Xj,
buL also con|ures Roland BarLhes's
<dg`i\ f] J`^ej. An arLisL known lor
his disorienLinq billboard arL, auLhor
Frederic Ldelmann's earlier book, @e
k_\ :_`e\j\ :`kp (2008), presenLs
works LhaL dely easy caLeqorizaLion
and qranL individual laces Lo whaL
is olLen subsumed under a qrand
narraLive. 1he specilic meriLs and
challenqes ol Lhe pro|ecLs chip away
aL Lhe broad ediLorial disLorLions
produced by aLLempLs Lo inLerpreL
China's larqer LranslormaLions. Here
are buildinqs realized under com
plex poliLical condiLions, in challenq
inq seLLinqs, and aL varied scales.
Ldelmann, archiLecLure criLic lor
C\ Dfe[\, inadverLenLly demon
sLraLes how problemaLic Lhe casual
reliance on Lhe qualilier :_`e\j\
can be. MosL simply, :_`e\j\, when
linked wiLh archiLecLure, resides in
local manilesLaLions ol an advanced
desiqn culLure LhaL employs hybrid
pracLices. 1his Chinese archiLecLure
exisLs wiLhin Lhe broader poliLical
and social dynamics ol inLernal
miqraLion, Lhe CommunisL ParLy,
poliLics, economic improvisaLion,
and cenLral planninq. As Ldelmann
noLes, "Few prolessions are less lree
ol poliLical and economic Lies Lhan
LhaL ol Lhe archiLecL."
Some Chinese scholars view
1he LaLesL CulLural RevoluLion
MaLhiew Borysevicz sLarLed Lhis
book wiLh a search lor billboards.
WhaL he discovered was a ciLy
ol siqns (siqnaqe and siqniliers).
Borysevicz did his qawkinq wiLh a
diqiLal camera, a medium predis
posed Lo qaLherinq a sub|ecLive ar
chive. 1he book's lirsL Lellinq imaqe
is noL Borysevicz's, buL one ol old
Hanqzhou. All Lhe imaqes LhaL lollow
narraLe a lamenL lor Lhe old ciLy,
buL also illusLraLe a lascinaLion wiLh
where iL may all lead. 1he book's lasL
imaqe, ol Borysevicz's exhibiLion aL
New York's SLorelronL lor ArL and
ArchiLecLure, shows people qazinq
aL his empire ol siqns.
Borysevicz represenLs whaL olLen
happens when WesLern arL comes up
aqainsL Chinese hisLory. As Lhe schol
ar Sherin Winq has noLed, Lhis |uxLa
posiLion "LruncaLes Lhe condiLions ol
China lrom a posiLion ol lirsLworld
privileqe, qlorilyinq Lhirdworldness
lor Lhe WesLern qaze." AesLheLicizinq
China's culLure Lranslorms iL inLo a
sorL ol livinq museum.
1heories abouL archiLecLure and
iLs caLeqories Lend Lo break down
when crossinq culLural boundaries.
Gfj`k`fej, Lhe companion volume Lo
currenL Chinese archiLecLure as posL
LheoreLical. 1he maqazine LiYXe
:_`eX could be viewed as Lhis mind
seL's ollicial publicaLion. 1he book
LiYXe :_`eX1 Nfib `e Gif^i\jj ollers
a samplinq ol some ol Lhe Lhemes
LhaL deline Lhe humanisLic, culLural
approach Laken in each issue ol Lhe
maqazine. 1he book demonsLraLes
Lhe depLh and scope ol homeqrown
research inLo Lhe implicaLions ol Lhe
counLry's evolvinq meLropoliLanism.
LiYXe :_`eX Lries very hard Lo
escape Lheory, relyinq insLead on
daLa, observaLion, and analysis
an empirical approach LhaL avoids
LranshisLorical |udqmenL. 1he
conLribuLors, a qroup represenLinq a
ranqe ol humanisLic disciplines plus
a lew archiLecLs have seeminqly
reLurned archiLecLural discourse Lo
Lhe core principals ol j_`j_` h`lj_`
("seekinq LruLhs lrom lacLs"). 1he
essays Lend Lo place buildinqs in Lhe
backqround, Lheir auLhors divinq inLo
Lhe Lrenches ol policy, planninq, and
all Lhe solL power ol decisionmakinq.
On second LhouqhL, perhaps Lhe
rapid pace ol chanqe in China has
noL made Lhe inlormaLion in Lhese
books obsoleLe. >lp ?fikfe
+* ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200
B00KS
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CIRCLE 25
THE D0C DAYS 0F SUMMER are
here, and lor PracLice MaLLers readers
Lhis means one Lhinq: lL's Lime lor Lhe
release ol RLCORD's 1op 250 Firms lisL.
For Lhe uniniLiaLed, Lhe lisL ranks lirms
accordinq Lo lasL year's revenue, as
reporLed Lo our sisLer publicaLion
<e^`e\\i`e^ E\nj$I\Zfi[% We have
decline as pro|ecLs were cancelled
and backloqqed work ran ouL has
been a biL like waLchinq a laL man
sLarL a swan dive oll Lhe hiqh board:
You wanL Lo averL your eyes so as noL
Lo see whaL happens when his llabby
midsecLion smacks Lhe waLer, buL
you look on and hope lor a qracelul
lncome Belly Flops,
Firms Swim lor Work Ollshore
1op 250 ArchiLecLure Firms' 2009 revenue
lell dramaLically, while loreiqn work was sLable.
9P :?8IC<J C@EE# =8@8
The ccmpanies incIuded in
ARCH!TECTURAL REC0RD's
Iist cf the Tcp 250 Firms
are ranked acccrdin tc revenue
fcr architecturaI services perfcrmed
in 2009 in $ miIIicns. The Iist is
ccmpiIed frcm a survey ccnducted
fcr <e^`e\\i`e^ E\nj-I\Zfi['s
annuaI Tcp 500 Desin Firms
Scurcebcck. The McCraw-HiII
Ccmpanies pubIishes bcth
ARCH!TECTURAL REC0RD and <EI.
Key tc firm types
A ArchiLecL
AE ArchiLecL Lnqineer
AP ArchiLecL Planner
EA Lnqineer ArchiLecL
AEC ArchiLecL Lnqineer ConLracLor
(noL all combinaLions lisLed)
landinq. lL would have been beLLer Lo
Lurn away. 1he combined revenue lor
Lhe 1op 250 lirms in 2009 LoLalled
$0.2 billion (B), $2B less Lhan Lhe
year belore. As dilliculL as iL is Lo
comprehend Lhe evaporaLion ol so
much money lrom Lhe prolession's
income sLream, qrowLh over Lhe pasL
HZZ i]Z Zci^gZ Ide '*% 6gX]^iZXijgZ
;^gbh a^hi Vi VgX]^iZXijgVagZXdgY#Xdb$
egVXi^XZ#
)'('
IXeb
)''0
IXeb
=`idj c`jk\[ Yp )''0 XiZ_`k\Zkli\
i\m\el\ Xj i\gfik\[ kf <EI `e `kj
Kfg ,'' ;\j`^e =`idj Jlim\p
Kpg\
f]
]`id
KfkXc
XiZ_`k\Zkli\
i\m\el\
;fd\jk`Z
XiZ_`k\ZkliXc
i\m\el\
@ek\ieXk`feXc
XiZ_`k\ZkliXc
i\m\el\
G\iZ\ekX^\
f] [\j`^e
i\m\el\ ]ifd
XiZ_`k\Zkli\
KfkXc
[\j`^e
i\m\el\
1 AEC0M TechncIcies, Los Anqeles, Calil. LA 695.10 278.00 ^7.0 ^ 53.50
2 2 CensIer, San Francisco, Calil. A 549.95 ^7.73 32.22 00 5^9.95
3 ^ URS Ccrp., San Francisco, Calil. ALC 424.10 356.0 68.00 9 ^8^7.60
4 6 Perkins+WiII, Chicaqo, lll. A 406.90 29.20 5.70 00 ^06.90
5 7 HDR Architecture, Omaha, Neb. AL 34B.70 290.70 58.00 2^ ^56.50
6 3 H0K, SL. Louis, Mo. AL 345.00 29.00 26.00 73 ^83.00
7 5 HKS, Dallas, 1ex. AL 262.00 232.00 30.00 00 262.00
B 8 Skidmcre, 0wins & MerriII, New York CiLy AL 216.25 93.75 22.50 75 288.00
9 NBBJ, SeaLLle, Wash. A 201.B4 57.0^ ^^.80 00 20.8^
10 3 Lec A DaIy, Omaha, Neb. AL 175.17 65.5 7.02 00 75.7
11 20 Canncn Desin, Crand lsland, N.Y. AL 156.77 23.20 33.57 9 7.6
12 0 RTKL Asscciates, BalLimore, Md. AL 137.99 97.96 ^0.03 67 205.95
13 = PcpuIcus, Kansas CiLy, Mo. A 125.70 76.70 ^9.00 00 25.70
14 2 CaIIiscn, SeaLLle, Wash. A 119.50 77.00 ^2.5 00 9.50
15 8 SmithCrcup, DeLroiL, Mich. AL 114.70 ^.60 0.0 69 66.30
16 25 BechteI, San Francisco, Calil. LC 114.00 ^.00 ^3.00 9 259.00
17 5 ZCF Architects, PorLland, Ore. A 113.39 09.93 3.^6 00 3.39
1B ^ Perkins Eastman, New York, N.Y. A 110.00 88.00 22.00 00 0.00
19 52 Fentress Architects, Denver, Colo. A 103.92 03.8 0.7^ 00 03.92
20 = Kchn Pedersen Fcx Asscciates, New York CiLy A 94.33 9.00 85.33 76 23.56
21 6 Burt HiII, WashinqLon, D.C. AL BB.00 ^6.00 ^2.00 70 26.00
22 2 RafaeI VicIy Architects, New York CiLy AL B6.B1 57.00 29.8 00 86.8
23 23 HMC Architects, Los Anqeles, Calil. A B3.40 82.59 0.8 00 83.^0
24 27 EIIerbe Becket, an ALCOM Co., Minneapolis, Minn. AL 79.40 62.90 6.50 77 03.60
25 22 Ccran Asscciates, Dallas, 1ex. A 75.60 7^.2 .39 90 83.76
= NoL included in Lhe 1op 250 ArchiLecLure Firms ol 2008
Tcp 25 Architecture Firms
+, ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200
PRACT!CE MATTERS
only lisLed Lhe 1op 25 on Lhis paqe, so
qo online Lo see Lhe resL.) LasL July we
marveled aL Lhe lacL LhaL while Lhe
recession was already well under way
durinq 2008, LoLal revenue lor Lhe
prolession was up 9 percenL, lrom
$.5 billion Lo $2.5 billion. WaiLinq Lo
lind ouL how much revenue would
halldecade was phenomenal, and
undoubLedly unsusLainable. ln 2005,
income lor Lhe larqesL 25 lirms on Lhe
lisL was $3.3B. By Lhe end ol 2008,
LhaL had increased a whoppinq 9^
percenL, Lo $6.^B. ln any indusLry LhaL
would be a huqe qain. ln 2009, Lheir
income declined Lo $5.B.
1hese lirms brinq in abouL 50
percenL ol Lhe 1op 250's LoLal revenue.
1hirLy percenL ol Lheir work came
lrom Lhe Middle LasL, China, and
elsewhere in Asia. While Lhe biq 25
sullered a $800 million (M) decline in
domesLic revenue lasL year, lrom
$^.^B Lo $3.6B, Lhe amounL ol revenue
lrom loreiqn work only decreased by
$^00M, lrom $2.0B Lo $.6B.
Revenue lrom loreiqn sources
doesn'L help smaller lirms much 70
percenL ol Lhe 1op 250 lisL made less
Lhan $0M in ollshore revenue lasL
year. And in lacL, LoLal income lor
lirms ranked beLween 00 and 50
on our lisL already peaked in 2007,
coincidinq wiLh dramaLic drops in all
ol Lhe developerdriven buildinq
Lypes: reLail, ollices, hoLels, and
mulLilamily. ll your lirm specialized in
Lhese secLors, you probably did noL
land solLly averaqe revenue lor
lirms ranked beLween 5 and 200 on
our lisL, whose income sLarLs aL $8M
and qoes up Lo $6M, was down 2^
percenL lasL year. BuL, lirms LhaL
ranked beLween 20 and 250, whose
revenue ranqes beLween $3.7M and
$8M, only saw Lheir revenue decline
by 2 percenL.
Lile is qoinq Lo conLinue Lo be
Louqh lor archiLecLure lirms,
parLicularly Lhose LhaL depend on
developer work. BuL in midMay, Lhe
AlA said iLs April New Pro|ecLs lnquiry
lndex hiL 59.6. Any number over 50
indicaLes surveyed lirms saw an
increase in pro|ecL inquiries com
pared Lo Lhe previous monLh. KermiL
Baker, Lhe AlA's chiel economisL, said
noncommiLally, "lL is quiLe possible we
will linally see posiLive business
condiLions in Lhe loreseeable luLure."
1haL doesn'L drip wiLh enLhusiasm,
buL don'L |ump yeL. N
TOP 25 FIRMS
International sources
TOTAL REVENUE IN $ BILLIONS
05 06 07 08 2009
0.5
0.7
1.4
2.0
1.6
Hl`Zb KXb\j s 1op 250 ArchiLecLure Firms
TOP 25 FIRMS
Domestic sources
TOTAL REVENUE IN $ BILLIONS
05 06 07 08 2009
2.9
3.1
4.1
4.4
3.6
05 06 07 08 2009
3.3
4.0
5.5
6.4
5.1
TOP 25 FIRMS
Combined sources
TOTAL REVENUE IN $ BILLIONS
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gifa\Zkj
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]`idj X]cfXk
SOURCL: ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD, <e^`e\\i`e^ E\nj$I\Zfi[
19.6%
Decline in revenue
From domestic sources
2009
30.7%
Top 25 Firms
Percentage of revenue from
international sources 2009.
2007
$11.5
TOP 250 FIRMS
Combined sources
TOTAL REVENUE IN $ BILLIONS
2008
$12.5
2009
$10.2
TOP 250 FIRMS
Domestic sources
TOTAL REVENUE IN $ BILLIONS
2007
$9.5
2008
$10.2
2009
$8.2
2007
$2.0
TOP 250 FIRMS
International sources
TOTAL REVENUE IN $ BILLIONS
2008
$2.3
2009
$2.0
0
Number of firms making
more than $100 million
in international revenue.
2009 2005
6
/
3
Number of firms making
more than $300 million
in total revenue.
2009
2005
6
/
18.4%
Decline in revenue
From all sources 2009
+- ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 GI8:K@:< D8KK<IJ
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CIRCLE 26
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updated bond forms and a new agreement for Pro Bono work, free of charge. Easy to use, widely accepted
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Pairinq perlormance wiLh panache, bold hues are
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MANY ARCH!TECTS CH00SE a
qlass lacade lor iLs inherenL invis
ibiliLy: lL is a medium LhaL dellecLs
aLLenLion lrom a buildinq's skin Lo iLs
sLrucLure. BuL some desiqners have
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expressive capabiliLies, envisioninq
buildinqs wiLh deliqhLlully chromaLic
claddinq. A hosL ol new producLs
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specily and easier Lo en|oy lrom
boLh inside and ouL.
AII the ccIcrs cf the rainbcw
Swanke Hayden Connell ArchiLecLs
used ChromaLics' cuLLable, opaque
spandrel qlass Lo lashion a lively
and uplilLinq lacade lor Lhe Kinq's
Mill AcuLe Care HospiLal in
NoLLinqhamshire, Lnqland. 1he qlass
panels, which allix Lo aluminum
backinqs via a sLrucLural adhesive,
can be prinLed wiLh diqiLal imaqes or
LexLural ellecLs Lo creaLe murallike
insLallaLions lor boLh exLerior and
inLerior applicaLions. 1he qlass comes
in any hue ol Lhe RAL specLrum
and can be precisely replicaLed in Lhe
evenL ol luLure replacemenL. Colors
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Lhe panels conLain no Loxins or VOCs,
renderinq Lhem recyclable aL Lhe end
ol Lheir lile cycle.
UV sLable and disLorLion lree,
Lhe saleLy qlass is shaLLerprool,
impacLresisLanL, and when broken,
reLains iLs luncLional inLeqriLy unLil
replaced. ChromaLics also ollers a
1ouqhcoaL process lor Lempered
qlass, wiLh a vapor barrier Lo proLecL
Lhe color layer. Panels come in ^8''
x 8'', 1ouqhcoaL panels are 59''
x 8''. ChromaLics Class, Rancho
SanLa Fe, Calil. www.Lheqlasswall
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Textured tints
LFl now disLribuLes lLalian manulac
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a wide array ol inLerior and exLerior
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ranqinq lrom Lhe VeLreria RL
corporaLe headquarLers in Milan Lo
Lhe Dubai lnLernaLional AirporL. 1he
qlass is lSO ^00 cerLilied and 00
percenL recyclable, courLesy ol a
proprieLary eLchinq process LhaL has
a minimal environmenLal impacL.
Smoq and sLainresisLanL
Omni Decor is available in myriad
sizes, moLils, and colorways. SelecL
paLLerns and hues are sLocked in
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weeks, cusLomizaLion is available
wiLh abouL a LwomonLh lead Lime.
LFl, Kernersville, N.C. elius.com.
C!RCLE 201
ChameIecnIike ccIcr
For Lhose seekinq a llexible desiqn
soluLion LhaL can be chanqed Lo
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paleLLes, 3lorm has inLroduced
Cecko. 1he polyesLer LexLile, which
sLicks Lo inLerior and exLerior qlazinq
wiLh a waLerbased soluLion LhaL
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AlLhouqh iL is an allordable
alLernaLive Lo colored laminaLed
qlass, Cecko does have some limiLa
Lions: 1he LexLile musL be applied Lo
lenesLraLion lrom Lhe inside ol Lhe
buildinq, which limiLs how iL livens
Lhe lacade. 1he lowmainLenance
producL can, however, be cleaned
wiLh a mild deLerqenL while iL is al
lixed Lo Lhe qlazinq. Cecko is sold in
56''wide rolls. 3lorm, SalL Lake CiLy,
ULah. www.3lorm.com. C!RCLE 202

2
3
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PR0DUCT F0CUS
For more inlormaLion, circle iLem numbers on Reader Service Card or qo Lo architecturalrecord.com/products.
4 s PRODUC1 Windcw WaIIs
MANUFAC1URLR PeIIa
CcmmerciaI
pellacommercial.com
Ollerinq inhouse desiqn and
Lechnical experLise lor clienLs ol
iLs new window wall proqram,
Pella Commercial helped
archiLecLure lirm LPA devise
an ecoconscious soluLion lor
Lhe LLLD PlaLinumcerLilied
LnvironmenLal NaLure CenLer
in Oranqe CounLy, Calilornia.
ArchiLecL Series windows,
commercial ouLswinq doors,
plus lixed and operable
casemenL and awninq windows
(some wiLh lowL qlass) creaLe
expansive qlazinq. C!RCLE 205
5 s PRODUC1 JceI Berman
CIass Studics CcIIabcraticn
MANUFAC1URLR McdernfcId
modernlold.com
Lnhancinq iLs porLlolio ol
operable space dividers,
Modernlold has Leamed wiLh
Joel Berman Class SLudios Lo
oller Lhe arLisan's archiLecLural
producLs wiLhin iLs sLandard
maLerial paleLLe. 1he sLudio's
desiqns can now be specilied
lor Modernlold's MOVLO and
AcousLiSeal lines ol operable
parLiLions, movable qlass
walls, and accordion doors Lo
creaLe liqhLcaLchinq spaLial
separaLion. CusLom soluLions
are also available. C!RCLE 206
3 s PRODUC1 SunCuard
SuperNeutraI 62
MANUFAC1URLR Cuardian
sunquardqlass.com
Cuardian debuLs SunCuard
SuperNeuLral 62 hiqh
perlormance qlass, wiLh one
ol Lhe hiqhesL liqhLLosolar
heaLqain raLios on Lhe markeL.
As seen sheaLhinq Lhe recenLly
compleLed Palais OuarLier in
FranklurL, Cermany, Lhe qlass
pairs neuLral coloraLion and
a hiqh 62 visible liqhL
Lransmission wiLh a low .3
solarheaLqain coellicienL.
A hiqh colorrenderinq index
ensures LhaL views ouL are
likewise naLural. C!RCLE 204
1, 2 s PRODUC1 SLB2
MANUFAC1URLR NanaWaII Systems
nanawall.com
1his sLrucLurally qlazed loldinqwall sysLem esLablishes porous
boundaries beLween indoors and ouL, Lhanks Lo LransparenL qlass
panes and MinimalisL aluminum lrames LhaL slide on a sinqle Lrack.
SL82 leaLures inswinq operaLion, Lhermally broke lrames wiLh Lriple
qlazinq (lor a U value as low as .29), and an inLeqraLed mulLipoinL
lockinq sysLem. Up Lo 2 conLiquous panels can be specilied Lo
creaLe a 39'wide openinq, Lhe maximum panel size is 39'' x 98''. A
coordinaLinq ADAcomplianL llush sill is also available. C!RCLE 203

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CIRCLE 27
3
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2 s PRODUC1 Armchair 400
MANUFAC1URLR Artek
arLek.li
FirsL inLroduced in 936,
Finnish archiLecL Alvar AalLo's
iconic Armchair ^00 qeLs a
lashionable updaLe courLesy
ol ArLek's Dress Lhe Chair
series, a new iniLiaLive LhaL
inviLes conLemporary desiqn
powerhouses llse Crawlord
and Missoni amonq Lhem Lo
LreaL Lhe seaL Lo au couranL
LexLiles. 1he company's mosL
recenL collaboraLion is wiLh
Maharam, which opLed Lo
cover Lhe cushions in Lhree
dillerenL hues ol iLs brushed
Merino lelL lor a crisp, Lonal
look. C!RCLE 20B
4 s PRODUC1 VentiIated WaII System
MANUFAC1URLR Marazzi USA
marazzi.iL
Marazzi's venLilaLed lacades LouL
numerous perlormance advanLaqes:
lowerinq a buildinq's enerqy usaqe
by up Lo 30, ollerinq improved
sound insulaLion over LradiLional
claddinq, eliminaLinq condensaLion,
and enhancinq Lhermal sLabiliLy Lo
encouraqe beLLer heaL dispersal. Facinq
opLions include larqelormaL porcelain
sLoneware in a varieLy ol sizes, colors,
and LexLures. C!RCLE 210
5 s PRODUC1 CIcud ScftIiht
MANUFAC1URLR McIc
molodesiqn.com
Molo expands iLs line ol honeycomb LexLile
producLs wiLh Lhe luminous Cloud SolLliqhL.
LiL by LLD, Lhe liqhLweiqhL pendanLs are
made lrom a nonwoven polyeLhylene LhaL
is UV and waLerresisLanL and also
recyclable. FixLures are sold solo (in lour
sizes) or clusLered in qroupinqs up Lo 8'
lonq Lo lorm qlowinq canopies. UniLs can
be pluqqed in or hardwired as desired. A
Class A lire raLinq suiLs Lhe pendanLs Lo a
varieLy ol applicaLions. C!RCLE 211
2

3 s PRODUC1 Expanda
MANUFAC1URLR Creaticn Baumann
creaLionbaumann.com
Amonq Lhe innovaLions comprisinq Lhe
Swiss LexLile house's Fall 200 line is
Lxpanda, a hiqhLech, LacLile curLain
labric wiLh Lhe liquid look ol sLeel neLLinq.
Woven lrom llamereLardanL polyesLer
scored wiLh lasercuL sliLs, Lxpanda is
LranslerprinLed in an ombre paLLern
LhaL, when draped, creaLes Lhe ellecL ol
LoneonLone camoullaqe desiqn. 1he
ecoconscious LexLile is Oeko1ex SLandard
00 cerLilied. Available sLaLeside nexL
monLh, Lxpanda is sold in 63'' bolLs.
C!RCLE 209
1 s PRODUC1 Leather Ccmpcsite Hardware
MANUFAC1URLR TurnstyIe Desins
LurnsLyledesiqns.com
1he BriLish maker ol luxe leaLher hardware now ollers a lookalike producL LhaL
simulaLes Lhe rich, paLinaLed appearance and solL Louch ol real hides buL in a
moisLure, scraLch, and sLainresisLanL packaqe LhaL's well suiLed Lo weL areas
and hiqhLrallic hospiLaliLy conLexLs. 1he collecLion's 2 pieces, which include boLh
handles and pulls, are casL lrom a resinandmarbledusL composiLe in a silicone mold
LhaL capLures minuLe deLails like sLiLchinq lor enhanced verisimiliLude. ln Mocha or
Lspresso linishes as well as live cusLom colors. C!RCLE 207
^ 5
,) ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200
PR0DUCTS !N BR!EF
Who said strong cant
be beautiful?
Timely, stronger than hollow metal.
CIRCLE 28
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principal ol Ollice ol ArchiLecLure
in Barcelona (OAB), won Lhe com
peLiLion Lo upqrade Lhe milelonq
PonienLe BeachlronL ol Benidorm
a sliver ol a ciLy dubbed Lhe
"ManhaLLan ol Spain" lor iLs
concenLraLion ol hiqhrise build
inqs alonq Lhe MediLerranean
he and his associaLe, Xavier
MarL Cal, who are Lhe pro|ecL's
desiqn archiLecLs, relerenced
Lhe landscape and wavy paL
Lerninq ol RoberLo Burle Marx's
Copacabana promenade, as well
as Lhe work ol AnLonio Caud, Lo
devise an enqaqinq inLervenLion.
1he resulLinq esplanade is now
Lhe cenLral public meeLinq place
ol Lhis Lhrivinq LourisL ciLy.
CompleLed in 2009, Lhe
archiLecLs' soluLion is a sinuous
sLrucLure comprisinq a sculp
Lural concreLe shell and brillianLly
colorcoded, landscaped Lile
paLhs puncLuaLed by sLairways
and ramps LhaL provide universal
access Lo Lhe Lown and beach.
A slender "boardwalk" winds
around Lhe base lor sLrollinq,
bicyclinq, and |oqqinq.
A visual and luncLional Lour
de lorce, OAB's new Benidorm
promenade is so successlul,
says archiLecL and Leam member
Bor|a FerraLer, LhaL Lhe "CiLy Hall
has commissioned us Lo exLend
iL lor abouL 500 more meLers
[,600 leeL|." More imporLanL,
he noLes, "Lverybody likes iL.
NoL only Lhe archiLecLs, buL Lhe
people who qo Lhere." N
A bold urban sLraLeqy
Lranslorms a worn
beachlronL inLo a vivid
curvilinear "plaza" on
Spain's CosLa Blanca.
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ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200
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FGGFJ@K<1 Ferrater and
Mart CaI nectiated with
city cfficiaIs tc reduce the
width cf the rcad in crder
tc maintain the existin
expanse cf beach and aIIcw
fcr bcth a brcad prcmenade
and new city infrastructure
instaIIed beneath it.
89FM<1 Usin IccaI materiaIs,
the architects devised an
efhcient mcduIar system
usin 1B fcrms tc create a
ncnrepetiticus, 3-inch-thick
ccncrete sheII that nct cnIy
eases the radient transiticn
(extendin up tc 13 feet),
but aIsc prcjects tc fcrm
baIccnies that dcubIe as
cverhead sheIter frcm sun
and rain.
C<=K1 Mart CaI wcrked
cIcseIy with IccaI TiIe cf
Spain manufacturer Keramia
tc deveIcp hih-perfcrmance,
17-inch-rcund, ccIcrfast
Iazed-pcrceIain tiIes (and
fiIIers) in 22 custcm hues
that were IareIy determined
by the vibrant ccIcrs
adcrnin adjacent buiIdins.
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ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200
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WiLh millions waLchinq Lhe lirsL World Cup Lo be held on Lhe
Alrican conLinenL, Lhe spoLliqhL is on Lhe hosL counLry and Lhe
sLadiums commissioned lor Lhe qames.
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PRLVlOUS SPRLAD: CAPE T0WN STAD!UM
. Desined tc have minimaI impact cn the niht
sky and its residentiaI envircns, the Cape Tcwn
Stadium is Iike a jeweI at the tip cf Africa.
2. The stadium is situated in a remarkabIe
settin between TabIe Mcuntain and the AtIantic
0cean and is the cataIyst fcr the redeveIcpment
cf the cnce-neIected Creen Pcint Ccmmcn.
3. The buiIdin, made with a PTFE-ccated, siIver
Iass-fabric-mesh skin cn a steeI frame, was
desined tc interate intc the Iandscape.
^. A suspended rccf suppcrted by a radiaI truss
system ccntains a diaphancus-membrane Icwer
Iayer that ccnceaIs such technicaI eIements as
the stadium's pubIic address and Iihtin
systems.
5. An upper Iaminated-safety-Iass secticn
cffers weather prctecticn and imprcves the
venue's accusticaI perfcrmance by refIectin
scund frcm the bcwI back intc the bcwI.
ABOVL: Durban's Iumincus Mcses Mabhida
Stadium, with its transparent, perfcrated steeI
skin and transIucent, tentIike rccf suppcrted by
steeI cabIes, is bisected by a 34B-fcct-hih
centraI arch equipped with a crcwd-pIeasin
cabIe car and stairs that aIIcw visitcrs tc cIimb
tc its pinnacIe fcr a spectacuIar bird's-eye view
cf the city.
OPPOSl1L: A stadium "windcw" at cne end cf
the fieId maintains a visibIe ccnnecticn with the
city beycnd and aIIcws naturaI breezes tc
circuIate thrcuhcut the fieId and randstands
durin Durban's hct, humid days.
H!ST0RY WAS MADE 0N June when Lhe
lirsL qame ol Lhe 9Lh FlFA World Cup was played
aL Johannesburq's sLunninq Soccer CiLy one
ol 0 new or relurbished sLadiums in nine ciLies
launchinq SouLh Alrica inLo a hiqhly visible
economic and archiLecLural arena.
1eamwork, communicaLion, and a willinqness
Lo enqaqe were essenLial lor Lhe successlul
delivery ol Lhese pro|ecLs in Lime lor openinq day.
1o respond Lo Lhe demands ol (larqely) qlobal
lundinq, Lhe percepLions ol an inLernaLional
audience, and Lhe sLrinqenL requiremenLs ol Lhe
world looLball (aka soccer) orqanizaLion LhaL
oversees Lhe monLhlonq evenL, local archiLecLure
pracLices collaboraLed wiLh inLernaLional
consulLanLs, whose inpuL ranqed lrom an advisory
capaciLy Lo leadinq roles and onsiLe supervision.
Lach venue is seL wiLhin a conLexL as unique
and challenqinq as Lhe conLinenL iLsell. However,
Lhe Lhree larqesL Soccer CiLy, Moses Mabhida
SLadium in Durban, and Cape 1own SLadium are
Lhe mosL represenLaLive ol Lhe process LhaL Lhe
counLry has underqone over Lhe pasL live years
in preparaLion lor Lhis quadrennial evenL.
CAPL 1OWN S1ADlUM
WiLh a seaLinq capaciLy ol 68,000, Lhe Cape 1own
SLadium nesLles in a remarkable seLLinq, beLween
1able MounLain and Lhe ALlanLic Ocean. LocaLed
in Lhe Lrendy and llourishinq residenLial Creen
PoinL neiqhborhood, Lhe sLadium was builL on parL
ol an exisLinq qoll course on Lhe area's epony
mous Common, a previously neqlecLed and poorly
delined open space.
1he desiqn consorLium responsible lor Lhe
pro|ecL includes Hamburqbased Von Cerkan,
Marq and ParLners (qmp), lor iLs experLise wiLh
Lhis buildinq Lype, Cape 1own's Louis Karol
ArchiLecLs, lor a capaciLy Lo realize larqe SouLh
Alrican consLrucLion pro|ecLs, and PoinL
ArchiLecLs and Urban Desiqners, an alliance ol
lour lirms (Munnik Visser ArchiLecLs, Jakupa
ArchiLecLs, Paraqon ArchiLecLs, Comrie Wilkinson
ArchiLecLs and Urban Desiqners noLable lor
Lheir skills aL achievinq conLexLual liL.
1o assure Lhe sLadium's appropriaLeness lor
iLs siLe wiLhin a very sculpLural landscape, Lhe
archiLecLs esLablished a "dockinq sLaLion" Lo deal
wiLh inLerlaces, scale, and pedesLrian rouLes lrom
Lhe buildinq Lhrouqh Lhe podium and lorecourLs Lo
Lhe park and ciLy beyond. 1he resulLinq approach
is layered, qradual, and unloldinq. 1he sLrucLure
iLsell is unique and undulaLinq, buL lairly sell
conLained. 1he challenqe, Lherelore, was Lo creaLe
a smooLh LransiLion beLween Lhe 38looLhiqh
sLrucLure and Lhe linely LexLured, primarily
residenLial surrounds.
LocaLed near Lhe Cape 1own CenLral Business
DisLricL and VicLoria & AlberL WaLerlronL, Lhe
sLadium lies wiLhin a sensiLive urban conLexL.
Accordinq Lo Henri Comrie, principal ol Comrie
Wilkinson ArchiLecLs & Urban Desiqners, iLs scale,
coverinq nine ciLy blocks, is siqnilicanL in a ciLy
unused Lo such larqescale sLrucLures. And
because iL is siLuaLed in a prominenL, hisLoric, and
qenLrilyinq area, serious public concerns surlaced
around noise, liqhL polluLion, visual impacL, and
Lrallic conqesLion LhaL miqhL impacL neqaLively on
properLy values and on one ol Lhe lasL remaininq
open spaces in Lhe area.
1hese concerns were dealL wiLh Lhrouqh an
environmenLalimpacL assessmenL, a rezoninq
applicaLion LhaL required public inpuL, and an
exLensive public parLicipaLion process lor
redevelopmenL ol larqe areas ol Lhe Common inLo
a public park. 1he resulL is a compacL, eleqanL, and
poliLe buildinq LhaL does noL compeLe wiLh iLs
naLural surroundinqs. G
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ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200

,0
Accordinq Lo 9cffdY\i^ 9lj`e\jjn\\b, SouLh
Alrica has spenL upwards ol $^.5 billion Lo hosL
Lhe World Cup. Was iL worLh iL?
"Yes, ol course," says Paraqon ArchiLecLs'
Henninq Rasmuss, a member ol Lhe Cape 1own
SLadium consorLium. "ll we wanL Lo be loremosL
in Alrica, Lhen Lhere is no quesLion LhaL we should
be able Lo hosL Lhe world. So leL's noL quesLion
wheLher Lhis is money well spenL."
While Lhe inLernaLional press has ques
Lioned Lhe loqic ol such expendiLures, many
members ol SouLh Alrica's bureaucraLic,
prolessional, and business communiLies claim
LhaL Lhe 200 FlFA World Cup ollered an
opporLuniLy lor Lhe counLry Lo be a player in
Lhe qlobal economy.
Accordinq Lo JulieMay Lllinqson ol Lhe
e1hekwini MunicipaliLy's SLraLeqic Pro|ecLs UniL
and 200 Proqramme, "1he work we are doinq in
Durban is parL ol a broader economic develop
menL sLraLeqy aimed aL buildinq domesLic and
inLernaLional Lourism, and improvinq inlrasLruc
Lure." And Lhe Cape 1own ellorL's Lechnical
direcLor, Dave Huqo, asserLs LhaL wiLhouL Lhe
sLadium in Creen PoinL Lhere would probably
have been no reconsLrucLion ol Lhe Common.
Overall, Lhere has been a ma|or locus in all
Lhe hosL ciLies on improvinq LransporL inlrasLruc
Lure lor access Lo Lhe sLadiums durinq Lhe World
Cup, and lor beLLer accessibiliLy and allordable
public LransporLaLion lor residenLs posLevenL.
1hese pro|ecLs include Lhe CauLrain Rapid
Rail Link and CauLenq Freeway lmprovemenL
Pro|ecL (CFlP) in CauLenq (includinq Lhe ciLies
ol Johannesburq and 1shwane), Lhe new Kinq
Shaka lnLernaLional AirporL, Lhe new Moses
Mabhida Railway SLaLion, and Lhe Warwick
JuncLion inLerchanqe in Durban, as well as
siqnilicanL upqrades Lo Cape 1own's Railway
SLaLion and lnLernaLional AirporL.
SLadium precincL developmenL plans have
been puL in place in each locaLion and include
lonqLerm visions lor Lhe inLeqraLion ol public
open spaces, enhanced pedesLrian links, and
surroundinq urban labric.
"1here has been huqe capiLal invesLmenL by
Lhe public and privaLe secLors in Lerms ol skills
developmenL," observes Sibonqile Mazibuko ol
Lhe CiLy ol Johannesburq's 200 Pro|ecL Ollice.
"1he challenqe now is Lhe susLainabiliLy ol work,
and how Lo absorb Lhe labor lorce LhaL has been
skilled up." B%<.
1he Leqacy ol Lhe Cames
SOU1H AFRlCA WORLD CUP S1ADlUMS
1he buildinq's skin, made ol LranslucenL
polyLeLralluoroeLhylene (P1FL)coaLed silver
qlasslabric mesh on a sLeel lrame, lessens iLs
visual impacL and makes Lhe buildinq appear
scaleless, a neuLral backdrop in iLs seLLinq. 1he
LranslucenL, curvedlaminaLedqlass rool improves
iLs acousLical perlormance by rellecLinq sound
lrom Lhe bowl back inLo Lhe bowl.
Accordinq Lo Henninq Rasmuss, codirecLor ol
Paraqon ArchiLecLs, Lhe sLadium has been deLailed
lor llexibiliLy and compaLibiliLy. lnsLallaLions can
easily adapL when iLs spaces are used lor dillerenL
luncLions, a sophisLicaLed buildinq manaqemenL
sysLem and human machine inLerlace provide
operaLional conLrol over all communicaLion, lire
prevenLion, and mechanical and elecLrical sysLems,
and Lhe liqhLinq has been desiqned Lo avoid excess
spillaqe inLo Lhe niqhL sky.
A caLalysL lor a number ol hospiLaliLy
developmenLs, Lhis pro|ecL promises much in Lerms
ol sporLinq, conlerence, and culLural acLiviLies.
Rasmuss adds LhaL Lhe real leqacy ol Lhe Cape 1own
SLadium is Lhe decision Lo esLablish Lhe redevel
oped, 3acre Creen PoinL Park as one ol Lhe qreaL
open spaces in Lhe world, wiLhin a vasLly improved
urban conLexL.
MOSLS MABHlDA S1ADlUM
SiLuaLed on Lhe lndian Ocean, Durban's Moses
Mabhida SLadium is perhaps Lhe mosL assimilaLed
in Lerms ol iLs lonqLerm vision.
1he counLry's e1hekwini MunicipaliLy, which
includes Lhe CiLy ol Durban, sLipulaLed in iLs briel
LhaL Lhe sLadium should be a symbol ol civic pride
and inspiraLion and draw on Lhe physical leaLures
LhaL qive idenLiLy and characLer Lo Lhe siLe
Lhe sea, Lhe Umqeni River, and Lhe sand dunes.
JulieMay Lllinqson ol Lhe MunicipaliLy's
SLraLeqic Pro|ecLs UniL and 200 Proqramme
explains LhaL Lhe sLadium, siLuaLed aL Lhe hearL ol
Lhe ciLy, had Lo be compleLely inLeqraLed wiLh iLs
urban conLexL. "ln addiLion Lo capLurinq Lhe
aLLenLion and exciLemenL ol Lhe world, Lhis pro|ecL
is abouL Lhe ciLy's luLure."
Like Cape 1own, Lhis venue was planned,
desiqned, and realized as a cooperaLive ellorL.
Here lbhola LeLhu ConsorLium ArchiLecLs, a |oinL
venLure ol Durbanbased lirms includinq
1heunissen JankowiLz Durban, AmbroAlrique
ConsulLanLs, Osmond Lanqe ArchiLecLs &
Planners, MLhulisi Msimanq ArchiLecLs, and NSM
Desiqns collaboraLed wiLh qmp on Lhe concepL
desiqn and documaLion. 1he implemenLaLion was
handled by Lhe local lirms, Lhe urban desiqn by
AmbroAlrique and lyer RoLhauq CollaboraLive.
1he siLe lorms a caLalysL lor Lhe developmenL
ol Lhe Kinqspark SporLs PrecincL, scheduled Lo
become a leadinq mulLisporL and leisure
desLinaLion, wiLh resLauranLs, shops, landscaped
open areas, and a pedesLrian walkway linkinq
Lhe sLadium complex Lo Lhe beachlronL. Lead
archiLecL Cerhard le Roux ol 1heunissen
JankowiLz Durban says, "Because ol Lhe pro|ecL's
impacL on Lhe ciLy, Lhe archiLecLs and urban
desiqners had a responsibiliLy Lo consider Lhe
urban desiqn riqhL lrom Lhe harbor Lhrouqh Lo Lhe
Umqeni River, includinq roads and open spaces."
1his includes Lhe compleLed 25acre
landscaped People's Park, which is inLended Lo
serve as a cenLral park lor Durban and includes
sporLs lields, lawns, a promenade, and cycle
Lracks, and Heroes' Walk, dedicaLed Lo icons ol
sporL culLure and poliLical chanqe.
-' 8I FEATURE JULY 200 CLN1RL POMPlDOUML1Z SHlCLRU BAN ARCHl1LC1S
ABOVL AND OPPOSl1L, 1OP: !mbued with the
siIhcuette and ccIcr variaticns cf a typicaI
African cIay pct tc sinify Africa's "meItin pct
cf cuItures," Scccer City is Iccated in
Jchannesbur's Nasrec neihbcrhccd, near the
area's new transpcrtaticn hub. By day, its
punctuated enveIcpe appears earthy and rustic,
but in the evenin, it beccmes ctherwcrIdIy as
the Icw cf its intericr Iihtin system Iitters
thrcuh the varieated fenestraticn.
1he sLadium is visible lrom mosL parLs ol Lhe
ciLy, so one ol Lhe key desiqn consideraLions was
how iL would allecL Lhe urban skyline. 1he linal
soluLion is an iconic bisecLinq arch LhaL esLablishes
a recoqnizable means ol orienLaLion. 1he 3^8looL
hiqh arch, spanninq ,^8 leeL, is seL on massive
concreLe loundaLions and supporLs a P1FLcoaLed
membrane rool on a sLeelcable sLrucLure.
VisiLors can caLch a specLacular view ol Lhe ciLy
and ocean aL Lhe arch's hiqhesL poinL, reached by
a cable car or a quided walk up 550 sLairs.
OLher elemenLs LhaL mediaLe beLween ciLy
and bowl are Lhe sLadium "window," which opens
Lhe playinq lield Lo Lhe ciLy, and Lhe perloraLed
sLeel lacade, which exchanqes views beLween
sLrucLure and surroundinqs. 1hese elemenLs also
consider Lhe hoL, humid Durban climaLe by
laciliLaLinq naLural cross venLilaLion.
ln Lerms ol susLainabiliLy, Lhe Moses Mabhida
SLadium is equipped wiLh enerqyellicienL liqhLinq
and HVAC sysLems, and People's Park is irriqaLed
by rainwaLer harvesLed lrom Lhe sLadium's rool.
A subsLanLial amounL ol concreLe lrom Lhe
demoliLion ol Lhe old sLadium was crushed and
reused in Lhe new sLadium, and ^00 Lons ol sLeel
were recovered in Lhe recyclinq process.
"1he enLire linancial viabiliLy ol Lhe sLadium
was around minimizinq operaLinq cosLs and
maximizinq revenue," Lllinqson says. 1he seaLinq
capaciLy ol 70,000 lor Lhe World Cup can be
increased Lo 85,000 lor larqer evenLs such as Lhe
Olympic Cames. Moreover, improved pedesLrian
access and open spaces ensure LhaL Lhe sLadium's
conLinqenL 99,028squarelooL reLail componenL,
aLLracLions such as Lhe Sky Car, AdvenLure Walk,
and sLadium Lours, and various hospiLaliLy
esLablishmenLs are easily reached by Lhe public so
LhaL Lhe sLadium becomes a maqneL in a vibranL
and "connecLed" sporLs precincL.
SOCCLR Cl1Y
1he Louqh, qlisLeninq epiLome ol lile in
Johannesburq, Soccer CiLy Lhe home ol looLball
in SouLh Alrica lies coiled aL Lhe looL ol a mine
dump in Lhe Nasrec PrecincL ad|acenL Lo SoweLo.
Civen Lhe Lask ol Lranslorminq Lhe ciLy's
inadequaLe 20yearold venue inLo a sLaLeolLhe
arL laciliLy, Lhe Johannesburqbased BooqerLman
Urban Ldqe + ParLners, in parLnership wiLh
Populous, aimed Lo lind a suiLable envelope Lo
"liL" over Lhe aqinq sLrucLure, inLeqraLinq some
ol Lhe looLinqs and Lhe wesLern qrandsLand.
1he proqram also specilied an iconic
archiLecLural response. So Lhe archiLecLs devised
a scheme based on Lhe idea ol a Lypical Alrican
clay poL LhaL inlorms Lhe buildinq's silhoueLLe,
paLLerninq, and hues. Accordinq Lo BooqerLman
Urban Ldqe + ParLners direcLor Bob van Bebber,
Lhe idea was Lo creaLe a simple "ob|ecL" LhaL
would be easily recoqnizable as Alrican.
"1radiLionally, Lhe paLLern ol Lhe poL says
someLhinq abouL Lhe person makinq iL or Lhe
people who will use iL," explains van Bebber. "Here,
Lhe paLLern depicLs Lhe road Lo Lhe World Cup linal,
wiLh lines drawn in Lhe direcLion ol Lhe oLher nine
sLadiums, and a line in Lhe direcLion ol Berlin, hosL
ciLy lor Lhe 2006 FlFA World Cup. 1hese lines carry
Lhrouqh lrom Lhe podium pavinq Lo Lhe lacade Lo
Lhe seaLinq inside Lhe bowl. 1he colors are also
reminiscenL ol Lhe naLural lirinq process ol clay,
darker aL Lhe boLLom and liqhLer aL Lhe Lop."
1he shell is made ol honed and sandblasLed
exLrudedqlassliber reinlorcedconcreLe panels
lixed Lo a qalvanizedsLeel sublrame. 1his
surround is puncLured wiLh a secondary paLLern
Lo lilLer dayliqhL indoors and allow inLerior liqhLinq
Lo illuminaLe Lhe lacade aL niqhL. Overhead, a
liqhLweiqhL P1FLmembrane rool canLilevers 3
leeL above Lhe upper Lier and embankmenL. Below,
-'
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. !n crder tc enIare and refurbish the city's
existin rectanuIar venue buiIt in 19B7,
architects Bccertman Urban Ede + Partners,
in partnership with PcpuIcus, created a circuIar
ccncrete structure that enveIcpes its upraded,
tripIe-tiered ccncrete seatin bcwI.
2. The curviIinear facade is suppcrted cn
120 incIined ccncrete ccIumns and faced with
Iihtweiht, hcned and sandbIasted,
1
/2-inch-thick,
extruded-Iass-fiber reinfcrced-ccncrete paneIs
measurin apprcximateIy 4 by 6 feet. These are
fixed tc a aIvanized-steeI subframe.
ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200
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Af_Xee\jYli^# Jflk_ 8]i`ZX%
a mineshalLlike players' Lunnel relers Lo Lhe ciLy's
qold mininq days. And an exisLinq moaL is now
capped by a concreLe slab and sLores rainwaLer
LhaL will be lilLered and recycled.
Sibonqile Mazibuko, execuLive direcLor ol Lhe
CiLy ol Johannesburq's 200 Pro|ecL Ollice, says
LhaL, in addiLion Lo Lhe sLadium, Lhe Nasrec
Urban DevelopmenL Framework plans include an
lnLernaLional BroadcasL CenLre, Lhe possible
redevelopmenL ol Lhe Nasrec Lxpo CenLre, as well
as Lhe poLenLial lor commercial, liqhLindusLrial,
hospiLaliLy, and residenLial opporLuniLies.
1he new Nasrec 1ransporL Hub, an inLeqraLed
Laxi and bus Lerminus, includinq a Bus Rapid
1ransiL (BR1) sLaLion and upqraded Nasrec
Railway SLaLion, noL only provides ellicienL public
LransporL lor Lhe World Cup, buL iL will Lie inLo
surroundinq acLiviLies well alLer Lhe lans qo home.
ln a diverse socieLy wiLh Alrican rooLs and
qlobal aspiraLions, Lhe smooLh, absLracL lorms ol
Cape 1own and Moses Mabhida SLadiums, and Lhe
culLurally inspired Soccer CiLy may well inspire a
sense ol ownership wiLhin Lheir surroundinq
communiLies. UlLimaLely, Lhe collaboraLion ol
SouLh Alrican and inLernaLional desiqn Leams has
creaLed a series ol buildinqs LhaL are inherenLly
appropriaLe lor Lheir physical seLLinqs. MeanL Lo
aLLracL and enLerLain Lhe world, Lhey will hopelully
beneliL Lhe local communiLies around Lhem and
wiLhsLand Lhe LesL ol Lime. N
SOU1H AFRlCA WORLD CUP S1ADlUMS
8I:?@K<:KLI8C I<:FI; ALCP )'(' -)
J?<;;@E> C@>?K
Thomas PhiIer and Partners turns a simple structure into a stunning expansion
oI the North Carolina Museum oI Art. 9P AFJ<G?@E< D@ELK@CCF
8I GIFA<:K
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KFD G?@=<I J8@; K?8K he wanLs his new buildinq lor Lhe NorLh Carolina Museum ol ArL (NCMA), in
Raleiqh, Lo disappear inLo Lhe landscape. By sayinq so, he is darinq you Lo Lake a closer look, knowinq
lull well LhaL his lirsL museum, like Lhe arL LhaL hanqs on iLs walls, will sLand up Lo Lhe scruLiny.
From a disLance, iL looks hardly more Lhan a warehouse, an impression LhaL did noL siL well wiLh
some locals, who lor endless monLhs durinq consLrucLion could see only a squaL concreLe box. CerLainly
Lhey would have prelerred Lhe bold civic qesLure, a splashy concocLion Lo brinq aLLenLion Lo Lhe Raleiqh
communiLy. BuL Lhe locus here is on Lhe arL, and Lhe visiLor's inLeracLion wiLh iL. So while Lhe museum's
sLronq permanenL collecLion, which occupies all Lhe qalleries, is noL Leeminq wiLh masLerpieces like
Lhose ol some larqer insLiLuLions, under Lhe solL liqhL ol day, iL shines.
1hree decisive elemenLs Lranslorm whaL miqhL easily have passed lor an ordinary shed inLo Lhis
sLunninq house lor arL. Massive aluminum panels, arranqed like pleaLs, clad Lhe precasLconcreLe wall
panels ol Lhe sLeel lrame sLrucLure. A series ol courLyards and rellecLinq pools cuLs inLo each lace ol iLs
ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 8I GIFA<:K
-.
recLanqular lorm. 1oppinq everyLhinq is a specLacular array ol collered skyliqhLs LhaL combines wiLh
Lhe qlazed courLyard openinqs Lo baLhe Lhe qalleries in conLrolled naLural liqhL and brinq Lhe ouLside
emphaLically in.
And since Lhe onesLory sLrucLure has no place lor a soarinq aLrium or qrand sLaircase, de riqueur in
museum buildinqs boLh Classical and Modern, Philer's sinqular qesLure is Lo demarcaLe Lhe main enLry
wiLh a sLeelandqlass canopy beside an allee ol American elms. JusL pasL Lhe Lhreshold, Lhe visiLor is
immediaLely conlronLed wiLh arL, Lhe recepLion desk sliqhLly askew. While Lhis enLry shares an ouLdoor
plaza wiLh NCMA's exisLinq Ldward Durell SLone buildinq, now home Lo Lemporary exhibiLions and ollices,
visiLors can access Lhe new buildinq, which is lree Lo Lhe public, lrom iLs courLyards as well. "1here is a
brillianL new Lhinkinq abouL buildinqs lor arL," says NCMA direcLor Lawrence Wheeler. "Ours rellecLs
Lhese democraLic values." (SecuriLy cameras moniLor Lhe buildinq and qrounds.)
lL's a way ol Lhinkinq LhaL leaves visiLors Lo experience Lhe arL, boLh inside and scaLLered LhrouqhouL
FlRS1 SPRLAD: The shaped earth fcrms a bIanket
arcund NCMA's new cne-stcry buiIdin. Surrcundin
it are bcth trees and treeIike scuIptures by artists
UrsuIa vcn Rydinsvard and Rcxy Paine.
PRLVlOUS SPRLAD: The scuIptures in the Rcdin
Carden are set amcn raveI, water, and bambcc
pIants. The arden extends the western end cf the
buiIdin spine, which features smaIIer wcrks by the
artist, intc the Iandscape.
1HlS SPRLAD: Phifer fcund inspiraticn fcr the entry
cancpy in the Iass and mirrcr structures cf Dan
Craham. !ts hihIy refIective Iass is a dazzIin
ccunterpcint tc the ancdized aIuminum cIaddin.
RALLlCH NOR1H CAROLlNA MUSLUM OF AR1 1HOMAS PHlFLR AND PAR1NLRS
-/
Lhe surroundinq landscape (NCMA's museum park, Lhe larqesL in Lhe counLry, includes a popular ouLdoor
amphiLheaLer by SmiLhMiller + Hawkinson and arLisL Barbara Kruqer) on Lheir own Lerms.
Happily, Lhe exhibiLion qalleries, laid ouL over 65,000 square leeL accordinq Lo a 26looL module, do
noL lollow a LiqhLly conLrolled paLh ol sLricL chronoloqical or LhemaLic sequences. 1he lairly open lloor
plan allows visiLors Lo weave in and ouL ol Lhem, passinq by Lhe liquraLive sculpLural works LhaL delineaLe
Lhe buildinq's spine. CuraLors Lake advanLaqe ol Lhis lreedom Lo experimenL wiLh how Lhey display Lhe
arL. Devorah Sperber's 8]k\i k_\ DfeX C`jX )# a 2005 work LhaL recreaLes da Vinci's lamous porLraiL
wiLh 5,8^ hanqinq spools ol Lhread, is an unexpecLed deliqhL beside works lrom Lhe lLalian Renaissance.
ln anoLher qallery, Josel Albers's colorlul, mid20LhcenLury sLudies lor ?fdX^\ kf k_\ JhlXi\ are
|uxLaposed wiLh American lmpressionisL Frederick Carl Frieseke's K_\ >Xi[\e GXiXjfc lrom 90.
Ol course, everyLhinq looks qood beneaLh Lhe ceilinq's 360 oculi, Lhe buildinq's only sculpLural elemenL
and Lhe source ol Lhe qlorious dayliqhL LhaL shines down on Lhe collecLion. Philer Look Louis Kahn's skyliqhL
deLail in Lhe Kimbell ArL Museum as a poinL ol deparLure, linalizinq Lhe ellipsoid shape ol Lhe NCMA's
ceilinq collers alLer numerous liqhL sLudies conducLed by Arup's London and New York ollices. A local boaL
builder advised on resin Lechnoloqies lor Lhe liberqlass vaulLs, which rise 5

/2 leeL above Lhe ceilinq plane.

While sunliqhL shines down, iL by no means pours in. NorLhlacinq louvers and removable scrims limiL
Lhe amounL and Lype ol liqhL LhaL peneLraLes an oculus and reaches an arLwork. 1hree layers ol curLains
do Lhe same lor liqhL cominq in lrom Lhe courLyard openinqs. PhoLocells on Lhe rool measure dayliqhL,
Lhe inlormaLion Lhey qaLher is used Lo ad|usL Lrack liqhLinq wiLhin Lhe qalleries.
1hese ellorLs conLrol Lhe quanLiLy ol liqhL inside Lhe museum, buL Lhe qualiLy ol liqhL is undeniable,
parLicularly as iL chanqes over Lhe course ol a day. OuLside Lhe museum, Lhe chanqinq liqhL produces
equally dazzlinq ellecLs on Lhe 25looLhiqh anodized aluminum panels, which aL Limes appear qolden,
Lheir |aqqed ouLline clearly visible, while aL oLher Limes Lhey seem Lo dissolve compleLely.
1his is noL qroundbreakinq sLull. BuL Lhe sum ol Lhese small buL LhouqhLlul moves erodes boundaries
beLween buildinq and landscape, ouLside and inside, and even beLween dillerenL qenres ol arL. By avoidinq
Lhe allLooeasy Lendency Loward archiLecLural bravado Lo Lhe dismay ol some and insLead locusinq on
qood desiqn, Philer has creaLed someLhinq beyond |usL a remarkable buildinq. lL is a remarkable place. N
GIFA<:K1 Nort| Coro||ro |useur of Art,
ko|e||, Nort| Coro||ro
8I:?@K<:K1 !|oros |||fer or1 |ortrers
!|oros |||fer, AlA, ortrer |r c|ore, Creor]
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15 M.
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SITE/GROUND FLOOR PLAN
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89FM<1 White cak fccrs and white waIIs

characterize aII cf the exhibiticn aIIeries.
Ccffered skyIihts tcp the 16-fcct-taII spaces,
ivin a rhythmic quaIity tc the ceiIin. The
Iiht IeveIs frcm the MR16 track Iihts inserted
between the 6
1
/2-fcct-wide ccffers are adjusted
acccrdin tc the amcunt cf dayIiht ccmin in
frcm the ccuIi. The 15-inch-thick fixed waIIs
ccnceaI mechanicaI ducts.
C<=K KNF1 BareIy visibIe frcm the rcund, a series
cf sIeek aIuminum mcunds cn the rccf ccvers the
ccuIi. Their ncrth-facin Icuvers reduce heat and
direct sun penetraticn.
I8C<@>? EFIK? :8IFC@E8 DLJ<LD F= 8IK K?FD8J G?@=<I 8E; G8IKE<IJ
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A Iass-and-steeI stair Ieads frcm the spacicus scuIpture aIIery
cn the rcund fIccr tc three aIIeries and a Icune cn the seccnd
fIccr. Visitcrs can aIsc expIcre a ift shcp cn the main IeveI cr take
a different stair dcwn cne fIiht tc a 70-seat Iecture rccm.
AR PR0JECT
.( 1OKYO NLZU MUSLUM KLNCO KUMA & ASSOClA1LS
N@K? 8 E<N E8D<# a new loqo, and a new
buildinq, Lhe Nezu Museum has Lranslormed iLsell
lrom a sLaid culLural insLiLuLion inLo 1okyo's laLesL
"iL" desLinaLion. DespiLe a worldclass collecLion
ol Asian anLiquiLies and a cenLral locaLion in Lhe
ciLy's lashionable OmoLesando disLricL, Lhe old
museum (Lhe Nezu lnsLiLuLe ol Fine ArLs) and iLs
LradiLional qarden kepL a lairly low prolile. BuL
Lhanks Lo Lhe new buildinq and landscape desiqn
by Kenqo Kuma, Lhe Nezu is impossible Lo miss.
1opped wiLh a dramaLic Lile rool, Kuma's build
inq sLands aparL lrom iLs commercial surround
inqs. YeL iL qreeLs pedesLrians warmly wiLh a live
bamboo wall symbolizinq Lhe eleqanL blend ol
archiLecLure and naLure inside.
"One unique aspecL ol Japanese culLure is Lhe
deep connecLion beLween buildinqs and qardens,"
says Kuma. "l wanL Lo qo back Lo LhaL LradiLion."
1his approach marked a deparLure lrom Lhe Nezu's
previous home. Ad|acenL yeL closed oll lrom iLs
carelully Lended qrounds, Lhe privaLely owned
museum encompassed a concreLe exhibiLion hall
plus lour plasLercovered sLorehouses. 1he oriqinal
concreLe buildinq opened in 955 (wiLh addiLions
in 96^ and 990), buL Lhe sLoraqe sLrucLures and
qarden daLe Lo Lhe era belore World War ll when
Lhe Nezu lamily esLaLe occupied Lhe properLy.
When rool leaks and poor climaLe conLrol
LhreaLened Lhe priceless arLworks in Lhe sLore
houses, Lhe museum decided Lo replace Lhem wiLh
a new exhibiLion sLrucLure and converL Lhe old
museum inLo ollices and a sLaLeolLhearL archive
lor Lhe 7,000piece collecLion.
Removinq Lhe sLorehouses enabled Kuma Lo
reposiLion Lhe museum's enLrance more promi
nenLly Lo Lhe end ol OmoLesando's lamous,
bouLiquelined sLreeL (insLead ol a sequesLered
approach lrom KoLLo Dori). A ^8looLlonq
walkway leads Lo Lhe buildinq's main door, in Lhe
For a previously overlooked
museum, Kenqo Kuma creaLes
a new home LhaL connecLs Lo
iLs qarden seLLinq and Lhe biq
ciLy beyond.
9P E8FD@ I% GFCCF:B# 8@8
LG;8K@E>
KI8;@K@FE
.) ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 AR PROJLC1
process Lakinq visiLors away lrom Lhe buzz ol
Lhe ciLy. lnside, an inLimaLe recepLion area ad|oins
an expansive sculpLure hall overlookinq Lhe
6,^59squarelooL qarden. From Lhe hall, visiLors
can eiLher qo ouLside or enLer Lhe six qalleries:
Lhree on Lhe qround lloor and Lhree (plus a lounqe)
on Lhe second lloor all accessed by a qlass
andsLeel sLair in Lhe middle ol Lhe room. While a
cale occupies iLs own Kumadesiqned qarden
pavilion, a shop siLs near Lhe museum enLrance.
A second sLair descends below qrade
Lo a 70seaL lecLure room, and a hidden corridor
behind Lhe qalleries connecLs Lo Lhe old winq.
1houqh Lhe new Nezu has more qallery space,
iLs adminisLraLors' primary qoal was Lo improve
Lhe qualiLy ol Lhe exhibiLion area in Lerms ol boLh
conservaLion and display. Because ol Lheir lraqiliLy,
mosL ol Lhe arLilacLs make only briel appearances
in Lhe qalleries, each one desiqnaLed lor a dillerenL
medium, such as decoraLive arLs, Lea ceremony
ob|ecLs, or calliqraphy. SequesLered behind solid,
sLeelreinlorcedconcreLe walls, Lhe qalleries are
lined wiLh builLin sLoraqe and cloLhpadded cases
where humidiLy and liqhLinq condiLions can be
closely moniLored. While Lhe rooms are inLenLion
ally spare and subdued, Lhe cases are equipped
wiLh LLD and haloqen lixLures LhaL spoLliqhL
individual Lreasures wiLhouL exposinq Lhem Lo
harmlul heaL.
Because earLhquakes are a ma|or concern in
Japan, sLone liqures in Lhe sculpLure hall sLand on
pedesLals concealinq meLal sprinqs LhaL absorb
seismic Lremors. 1houqh Lhe ob|ecLs are noL liqhL
sensiLive, Kuma carelully coordinaLed dayliqhL and
elecLrical lixLures Lo besL presenL Lhe pieces
aqainsL Lhe backdrop ol Lhe newly conliqured
qarden. Fanninq ouL lrom Lhe buildinq, Lhe qarden
presenLs a spacious, Lreerinqed lawn cuL by a paLh
leadinq Lo Lhe cale. From here, walkways connecL
Lo Lhe exisLinq qrounds laid ouL by Lhe Nezu
lamily's masLer qardener. UniLinq inside and ouL, a
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. The new buiIdin brins the museum cIcser tc
the street and ives it a hiher pubIic prcfiIe, whiIe
prctectin the arden beycnd.
2. A pitched rccf with ceramic tiIes ccnnects the
buiIdin tc Japanese traditicn, but tapered, steeI
eaves ive a mcdern ede tc the desin.
3. Kuma pIaced the main entrance at the scuth end
cf the buiIdin, which visitcrs reach after waIkin
aIcn a 14B-fcct-Icn path.

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GIFA<:K1 Neu |useur, !o|]o
8I:?@K<:K1 Kero Kuro & Assoc|otes
Kero Kuro, ||roru \o|oo, !os||o \o1o,
!o|ur| So||oWo, Atsus|| KoWor|s||, k]o|e|
!oro|o, A]ur| |otose, roject teor
:C@<EK1 Neu |useur, !o|]o
:FEJLCK8EKJ1 S||r|u (er|reer|r),
Se|fuer (|or1scoe), |orosor|c ||ectr|c
Wor|s (|||t|r), K||t ||orr|r Off|ce
(ei||||t|or |||t|r)
><E<I8C :FEKI8:KFI1 S||r|u
JFLI:<J
:LIK8@E N8CC1 !ec|ro Nor||er (|oss or1
stee| ore|s W|t| o|vor|e1 |os|ote f|r|s|)
:C8P IFF= K@C<J1 |orue|to]o
C8D@E8K<; K<DG<I<; >C8Q@E>1
Aso|| C|oss
<O?@9@K@FE C@>?K@E> :FEKIFCJ1 |utror
qlass wall lronLs Lhe sculpLure hall. While qlass lins
securinq Lhe wall minimize viewblockinq window
sashes, oblonq, solidsLeel columns measurinq
^by2 inches seem Lo ellorLlessly supporL ceilinq
beams LhaL enable Lhe room's ^9looL clear span.
Soarinq Lo ^9 leeL aL iLs apex, Lhe anqled ceilinq
echoes Lhe buildinq's piLched rool.
1he museum's mosL disLincLive leaLure iLs
rool is a direcL quoLaLion lrom Japanese hisLory
buL rendered more absLracLly, beliLLinq a
conLemporary museum in an urban seLLinq. While
iLs LradiLional imaqe Lies Lhe museum's conLenLs
and conLainer LoqeLher, Lhe piLched lorm, says
Kuma, disLinquishes Lhe Nezu lrom Lhe unpopular,
boxlike public buildinqs around Lhe counLry LhaL
do noL blend wiLh Lhe Japanese environmenL. "A
piLched rool harmonizes Lhe qround and archiLec
Lure," he explains. Charcoalcolored ceramic Liles
clad Lhe enLire rool surlace, and Lheir unilorm
LexLure accenLuaLes Lhe anqled planes. lnsLead ol
endinq wiLh Lhe Lypical, decoraLive llourish aL Lhe
ridqe or quLLer, Lhe maLLe surlaces LerminaLe in
Lapered, sharpedqed eaves made ol 0.3inch
Lhick sheeLs ol indusLrial qrade sLeel Lhe same
maLerial coverinq Lhe museum's exLerior walls.
SupporLed by 9looLlonq, canLilevered beams,
Lhe eaves shield Lhe lronL walkway buL submerqe
iL in semidarkness. "People usually expecL liqhLer
spaces in public buildinqs," commenLs Kuma. "BuL
Lhis darkness is necessary Lo separaLe [Lhe museum|
lrom OmoLesando." Black sandsLone pavers
compound Lhis shadowy ellecL, while bamboo
walls miLiqaLe iL. (1wo rows ol live bamboo planLs
buller Lhe buildinq lrom Lhe sLreeL, and spliL sLalks
adorn Lhe lacade, lorqinq connecLions wiLh boLh
Lhe qarden and Lhe inLerior.)
lnside Lhe museum, Kuma used many ol Lhe
same maLerials, includinq sandsLone lloorinq and,
especially, bamboo. ComplemenLinq Lhe delicaLe
Lea uLensils on display, exquisiLely deLailed
bamboo panels cover walls and ceilinqs. ln
addiLion, Lhe archiLecL cralLed versaLile, Lshaped
benches lrom boLh bamboo and wood salvaqed
lrom Lhe old museum's sLorehouses.
1oday, Lhose benches are one ol Lhe lew
reminders ol Lhe collecLion's oriqinal home
a Lranquil place where railway maqnaLe Nezu
Kaichiro l, Lhe museum's lounder, lirsL assembled
and beqan sharinq his Lreasures wiLh Lhe public.
Drawinq a wide audience LhaL spans all aqes and
naLionaliLies, Lhe Nezu Museum now connecLs Lo
iLs lounder's dream ol honorinq Japan's arLworks
and brinqs Lhe insLiLuLion inLo Lhe 2sL cenLury.
Kuma's desiqn serves as a physical and meLaphor
ical hinqe linkinq old and new, inside and ouL,
hiqhLech and LradiLional. And iL does so in such a
qracelul way LhaL iL seems almosL ineviLable. N

:I<;@KJ
ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 AR PROJLC1
9Xj\[ `e Kfbpf# EXfd` I% GfccfZb `j 8I:?@K<:KLI8C
I<:FI;J jg\Z`Xc `ek\ieXk`feXc Zfii\jgfe[\ek%
.,
(% A new caf buiIdin desined by Kuma sits
between the new buiIdin and the existin museum
(ncw used fcr cffices and archives). The free-
standin caf paviIicn surrcunds diners with views
cf the arden and dappIed dayIiht fiItered by
transIucent pcrticns cf the rccf.
)% The architect used bambcc and wccd saIvaed
frcm the cId Nezu stcrehcuses fcr the benches
in a seccnd fIccr Icune. The Iiht-fiIIed Icune
ccntrasts with the darker aIIeries, which need tc
prctect artwcrks frcm dayIiht.
*% Brcad eaves shade the Iazed eIevaticn Icckin
cntc the arden and create a transiticnaI zcne
between indccrs and cut. The existin buiIdin
(backrcund in phctc) runs perpendicuIar tc the
new buiIdin.
+% Kuma desined the Iandscapin arcund the
museum as a diaIcue between cId and new and
ccnnected it with the buiIdin's intericrs, incIudin
the scuIpture haII cn the rcund fIccr.
+ *
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KFBPF E<QL DLJ<LD B<E>F BLD8 8JJF:@8K<J
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The HcII-desined museum (fcrercund) adds a scuIpturaI twist tc Birk
Centerpark, the hcme cf a fcrmer shirt factcry, cutside Hernin. The
circuIar fcrm cf the factcry ~ transfcrmed in 1975 intc the Hernin Art
Museum ~ is repeated in the pIantin behind the rectiIinear desin schccI.
A prctctype hcuse by Jrn Utzcn, framed by an arcin Iawn, sits in frcnt
cf the parkin area.
FGGFJ@K<1 0n the scuth eIevaticn, an cpenin in the crinkIy textured
ccncrete waII (refIectin the ccIcrs cf dusk) aIIcws a Iimpse cf the caf.
AR PR0JECT
DLNMARK HLRNlNC MUSLUM OF CON1LMPORARY AR1 S1LVLN HOLL ARCHl1LC1S ..
8IK FLKGFJK
SLeven Holl ArchiLecLs allows arL Lo have auLonomy wiLhin a sculpLural
enclosure in Denmark's Herninq Museum ol ConLemporary ArL.
BY SUZANNL S1LPHLNS
@E DLJ<LD :@I:C<J# :LI8KFIJ and arLisLs are well known lor kveLchinq abouL archiLecLs who
compeLe wiLh Lhe arL on view by loisLinq ma|or desiqn sLaLemenLs onLo willinq clienLs. Small wonder LhaL
when SLeven Holl enLered an inviLed compeLiLion in 2005 lor Lhe Herninq Museum ol ConLemporary ArL
in cenLral Denmark, he Look seriously Lhe admoniLion lrom Holqer Reenberq, Lhe direcLor ol Lhe museum:
"Do everyLhinq you wanL as lonq as iL doesn'L compromise Lhe arL."
1he museum, known by iLs coy (in Lnqlish) acronym HLAR1, occupies 0.^ acres ol Birk CenLerpark,
a sinqular arL museum, sculpLure park, desiqn school, and ollice buildinq enclave LhaL was once Lhe
home ol a shirL lacLory.
Holl's absLracLly conceived, 60,278squarelooL sLrucLure leaves alone Lhe arL qalleries LoLalinq
5,82 square leeL. 1wo discreLe precasLconcreLe volumes lorm Lhe inner core ol Lhe museum, one lor
permanenL exhibiLions, Lhe oLher lor Lemporary ones, and movable walls ol liqhLweiqhL consLrucLion
allow arL Lo be displayed in orLhoqonally arranqed spaces. 1he archiLecLural whammy occurs above Lhe
hanq, so Lo speak. Here Lhe rool lills ouL Lhe qesLalL, wiLh live whiLe Lubular shells bendinq and LwisLinq Lo
creaLe convex ceilinqs LhaL billow over Lhe qalleries and perimeLer areas conLaininq Lhe lobby, bookshop,
ollices, cale, library, and an audiLorium lor concerLs. On Lhe exLerior, convex and concave walls echo in
Lhe elevaLion Lhe curves overhead. AlLhouqh Lhe exLerior whiLe walls, made ol pouredinplace reinlorced
concreLe, seem raLher blank lrom alar, up close you lind Lhe surlace ruLLed wiLh creases. 1o achieve Lhis
Lhickly LexLured ellecL, Lhe archiLecLs had Lrucks drive over vinyl mesh Larp, Lhen sLaplequnned Lhe
wrinkled maLerial Lo plywood lorms lor Lhe pour. When Lhe concreLe dried and Lhe Larp was yanked oll,
"you had wrinkles wiLh no repeLiLion," says Holl.
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. A curved scffit fcrms the understated entrance
tc the museum. The Icbby, caf, auditcrium, and
cther reIated spaces fiII cut the peripheraI areas
where waIIs are curved, whiIe aIIeries cccupy the
crthccnaIIy pIanned vcIumes.
Much has been said abouL how Holl's convex rool elemenLs look like shirL sleeves, sliced and lolded,
and how Lhe wrinkled exLerior concreLe resembles shirL labric boLh quiLe apropos ol Lhe producLs ol
Lhe manulacLurer who lounded Lhe oriqinal Herninq ArL Museum on Lhe siLe. Aaqe Damqaard, owner ol
Lhe Anqli shirL lacLory, esLablished in 939, was also an arL collecLor who liked Lo inviLe arLisLs, includinq
Lhe lLalian concepLual arLisL Piero Manzoni (93363), Lo Lake up residence aL his lacLories. ln Lhe
mid960s, Damqaard seL up a lacLory in Birk on Lhe ouLskirLs ol Herninq, and his collecLion ol Manzoni's
works lormed Lhe core ol Lhe museum LhaL opened in Lhe lacLory buildinq in 975 when producLion
moved elsewhere. Backinq up Lhe Anqli lacLory, desiqned in Lhe shape ol a round collar by C.F. Moller in
965, are landscaped parks by Carl 1heodor Sorensen LhaL repeaL iLs circular lorms as a series ol qrand
and inLimaLe ouLdoor rooms. 1he complex soon aLLracLed a desiqn school (1LKO, as iL is called), now
housed in a series ol recLilinear sLrucLures builL beLween 998 and 200^, plus a smaller museum,
larqescale sculpLures, a carpeL lacLory, and ollice buildinqs. A proLoLype house desiqned by Jorn ULzon
in 970 and disLinquished by larqe, scuppershaped rools, siLs near Holl's museum one more elemenL ol
Lhis idiosyncraLic physical conLexL.
ln spiLe ol Lhe visual resemblance ol Lhe rool Lo shirL sleeves, Holl shruqs oll Lhe caLchy provenance.
He arques Lhe rool's desiqn really derives lrom his desire lor dayliqhL Lo enLer Lhe inLersLices ol spaces
beLween Lhe Lubular arms, Lhen bounce oll Lhe ceilinqs' whiLe plasLered curves Lo casL a solL, eLhereal
qlow lor Lhe arLworks displayed below. 1he openinqs Lake Lhe lorm ol cleresLories composed ol Lwo
2. The caf and cther pubIic spaces cverIcck
refIectin pccIs that fiIter rainwater. Extericr
waIIs are white reinfcrced ccncrete, wrinkIed by a
fabric impressicn. LatticeIike steeI trusses fcrm
the structure cf the ccnvex rccf eIements.
ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 AR PR0JECT
SITE/MAIN LEVEL FLOOR PLAN
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. 0ne cf the museum's rectiIinear vcIumes

is devcted tc tempcrary exhibiticns, as
seen in the inauuraI exhibiticn devcted tc
the wcrk cf Jannis KcuneIIis. The cther
vcIume is fcr permanent exhibiticns, and
bcth seek tc prcvide ncnccmpetitive
backdrcps fcr the dispIay cf art. PcrtaIs, 16
inches deep and cutIined in bIackened steeI,
echc the charccaI tint cf the interaIIy
painted ccncrete fIccrs.
2., 3. The curved ceiIins cf the permanent
aIIeries shcw hcw dayIiht fiIters between
the tubuIar rccf secticns tc bathe the
artwcrks in an eerie Icw (suppIemented by
ccnventicnaI spctIihtin). The museum
cwns 37 wcrks by Pierc Manzcni, whc
spent time at the AnIi Hernin factcry in
the earIy 1960s.
layers ol sandblasLed channel qlass wiLh LranslucenL insulaLion sandwiched beLween somewhaL like
Lhe qlazinq Holl used in Lhe Bloch Buildinq ol Lhe NelsonALkins Museum in Kansas CiLy, Missouri
[RLCORD, July 2007, paqe 9^|. A Lwowayspanninq sLeelLruss sLrucLure supporLs Lhe curved lorms,
which are covered wiLh a whiLe roolinq membrane on Lop, wiLh sLeel hanqers connecLinq Lhe curved Lo
Lhe llaL porLions ol Lhe rool. "We worked closely wiLh Lhe sLrucLural enqineer [Niras| Lo creaLe larqespan
qalleries where we could balance curved rool secLions LhaL siL on precasLconcreLe elemenLs," says
Noah Yalle, Holl's associaLe in charqe. 1he Leam desiqned Lhe ouLdoor landscape Lo repeaL in reverse
Lhe curved shapes ol Lhe rool: Rounded berms lrame rellecLinq pools LhaL lilLer Lhe rainwaLer. Since Lhe
budqeL was LiqhL ($20 million), Holl donaLed $20,000 ol his lee so LhaL a qeoLhermal sysLem could be
insLalled lor slab coolinq (heaLinq is provided by Lhe disLricL). ln addiLion Lo inserLinq heaLinq and coolinq
Lubes in Lhe concreLe lloors, Lhe archiLecLs achieved addiLional enerqy savinqs by usinq a displacemenL
venLilaLion sysLem.
1he imaqinaLive inLersecLion ol arL, liqhL, and archiLecLure ollers a liLLinqly dramaLic seLLinq lor
Lhe exhibiLions, and noL surprisinqly, Lhe museum recenLly received one ol Lhe Royal lnsLiLuLe ol BriLish
ArchiLecLs' lnLernaLional ArchiLecLure awards lor 200. BuL noLhinq is perlecL or aL leasL cerLain
aspecLs need Lo be addressed in such an innovaLive pro|ecL. For example, Lhe cleresLories olLen have
been blacked ouL wiLh shades since Lhe openinq lasL lall, owinq Lo curaLorial concern abouL dayliqhL levels
lor Lhe painLinqs. VisiLors (includinq Lhis observer) have lound Lhe enLrance noL leqible enouqh as a
porLal Lo Lhe museum, and Reenberq noLes iL is hard Lo Lell il Lhe museum is open, since no parkinq is
permiLLed in lronL. While Lhe inLerior circulaLion Lhrouqh Lhe qalleries is clear, and Lhe ouLdoor piazza
welcominq, visiLors may noL be as easily drawn Lo walk around Lhe enLire exLerior ol Lhe buildinq, parLly
because concave walls don'L inllecL one's sLeps around a corner. (AdmiLLedly, cold weaLher olLen
dampens such a desire.) LssenLially, Lhe inLeqraLion ol Lhe buildinq and land is a visual one besL seen
lrom Lhe air, noL a kinesLheLic one experienced on looL. Here, Lhe inLeracLion ol Lhe pedesLrian wiLh Lhe
arL inside Lhe museum Lakes precedence. N
ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 AR PR0JECT
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;<ED8IB ?<IE@E> DLJ<LD F= :FEK<DGFI8IP 8IK JK<M<E ?FCC 8I:?@K<:KJ
GIFA<:K1 Herr|r |useur of Corteroror]
Art (H|Ak!), b|r| Certeror|, Herr|r, error|
8I:?@K<:K1 Stever Ho|| Arc||tects Stever
Ho||, |AlA, 1es|r orc||tect, Noo| \offee,
ossoc|ote |r c|ore, C|r|s |cVo], roject o1v|ser
8JJF:@8K< 8I:?@K<:K1 Kjoer or1 k|c|ter
<E>@E<<IJ1 N|ros (rec|or|co|, structuro|),
!rorsso|or (rec|or|co|)
C8E;J:8G<1 Sc|orerr |or1s|o|
JFLI:<J
:FE:I<K<# @E:CL;@E> =CFFIJ1 ||k
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:FE:I<K< K<OKLI<1 lvor Hoo|r
JK<<C1 |or|joer Sto||]
>C8JJ =8:8;<J1 A.S. |oco1er
JKIL:KLI8C >C8Q@E>1 Huec| (s]ster),
lso|or C|os (|oss)
:?8EE<C >C8JJ1 C|osfo|r|| |or|erts
JK<<C IFF=1 kof|ror
:I<;@KJ
/) 8I:?@K<:KLI8C I<:FI; ALCP )'('

The Pcmpidcu-Metz has been ccnceived as a
bi, enveIcpin rccf sheIterin a Iccse
assembIae cf vcIumes. The aIIeries, ccntained
in rectanuIar reinfcrced-ccncrete tubes, jut
thrcuh, cr frcm just beIcw, the curvy cancpy.
AR PR0JECT
/* FRANCL CLN1RL POMPlDOUML1Z SHlCLRU BAN ARCHl1LC1S
LE;<I K?<
9@>
WiLh a swoopy rool supporLed
by a novel Limber sLrucLure,
Lhe worldlamous CenLre
Pompidou's home lor iLs lirsL
saLelliLe challenqes convenLion.
Will iL succeed?
9P IFN8E DFFI<
J?@><IL 98E is an appealinq archiLecL. His emer
qency shelLers ol cardboard and paper, devised in
response Lo disasLers such as Lhe 995 earLhquake
in Kobe, Japan, presenL him as someone Lurninq
his skills Lo public beneliL raLher Lhan personal
qraLilicaLion. He also desiqned a series ol houses in
which walls disappear or Lake Lhe lorm ol qianL
curLains. His choice ol renewable maLerials qives
him a warm, ecoloqical qlow. He seems Lo sLand lor
Lhe adapLive and responsive, wiLh work LhaL pro
vides an anLidoLe Lo Lhe qrandiose and Lhe lormal.
1he CenLre Pompidou in Paris has an
asLoundinq collecLion ol Modern arL and a hisLory
ol imaqinaLive exhibiLions, insLallaLions, evenLs,
and sLrucLures. lLs 977 buildinq, desiqned by
Renzo Piano and Richard Roqers, is a landmark ol
20LhcenLury archiLecLure.
Ban and Lhe museum have come LoqeLher Lo
creaLe an $62 million ouLposL ol Lhe Pompidou in
MeLz, in easLern France. ln Lheory, iL could have
been a wonderlully producLive union. ln pracLice,
iL is conspicuously, Lraqically less Lhan Lhe sum ol
iLs parLs.
1he main mission ol PompidouMeLz is Lo
display works lrom Lhe parenL insLiLuLion, in an
admirable aLLempL Lo share iLs collecLion more
widely. 1he obvious precedenL is Lhe expandinq
lranchise ol New York CiLy's Solomon R.
Cuqqenheim Museum, mosL lamously wiLh Frank
Cehry's buildinq in Bilbao, Spain. As in Bilbao,
Lhe aim is Lo raise Lhe prolile ol a neqlecLed ciLy.
MeLz, whose conLesLed ownership wiLh Cermany
conLribuLed Lo Lwo world wars, now has a
lorqoLLen air, despiLe iLs line sLone sLreeLs and
medieval caLhedral. 1he new, 22,000square
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looL buildinq is on Lhe periphery, on Lhe siLe ol a

lormer lreiqhLrailway depoL, near Lhe remnanLs
ol a Roman amphiLheaLer, and separaLed by Lrain
Lracks lrom Lhe resL ol Lhe ciLy. Close by is Lhe
Lown's passenqerrail sLaLion, Lo which Lhe 1CV
Lravels Lhe 200 or so miles lrom Paris in a brisk
hour and 23 minuLes.
1okyobased Ban, LoqeLher wiLh French
archiLecL Jean de CasLines and Londoner Philip
Cumuchd|ian, won Lhe desiqn compeLiLion lor Lhe
PompidouMeLz in 2003. Cumuchd|ian's close
involvemenL wiLh Lhe pro|ecL subsequenLly ended,
wiLh Ban and de CasLines Lakinq iL Lo compleLion.
1heir concepL was lor an envelopinq, undulaLinq
rool, compared by Ban Lo a bamboo haL, supporL
ed by a laLLice ol laminaLed and curved Limber
members. 1he seeminqly woven sLrucLure, wiLh
spans ol up Lo 70 leeL, chanqes inLo lunnellike
elemenLs where Lhe rool meeLs Lhe qround.
1he whole is covered in an 80,000squarelooL
membrane ol LranslucenL liberqlass and
polyLeLralluoroeLhylene (P1FL). 1he idea is LhaL
"Lhe rool is on Lop ol Lhe landscape," says Ban.
"We wanLed Lhe landscape Lo llow inLo Lhe
museum," he explains.
BeneaLh Lhe rool is a loose assemblaqe ol
volumes. AL qround level is Lhe Crande Nel.
AlLhouqh inLended primarily lor larqescale work,
Lhe 60looLLall space has been divided inLo 7
relaLively convenLional rooms lor Lhe duraLion ol
Lhe openinq exhibiLion. Above is a sLack ol Lhree
qalleries in shoeboxshaped reinlorcedconcreLe
Lubes, orienLed Lo lrame views ol Lhe surroundinqs
. A Chinese peasant hat prcvided the
inspiraticn fcr the Pcmpidcu-Metz rccf shape
and ccnstructicn. Ccverin its mesh cf curved
timber eIements is a membrane cf fiberIass
and PTFE (mcre ccmmcnIy kncwn as TefIcn).
When iIIuminated at niht, this transIucent
skin seems tc Icw frcm within, reveaIin the
IatticeIike pattern cf the suppcrtin structure
beIcw.
2. Frcm afar, the enveIcpin and unduIatin
rccf appears tc fIcat abcve the surrcundin
Iandscape.
3. The rccf's seeminIy wcven structure is made
cf stacked and bent Iaminated timber members
with a tctaI Ienth cf mcre than 11 miIes.
2
3
ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 AR PR0JECT

0 100 FT.
30 M.
SITE PLAN
0 20 FT.
6 M.
SECTION A-A
6 9
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FGGFJ@K<1 The rccf's timber structure is

suspended frcm a steeI-and-Iass eIevatcr
tcwer that rises frcm a rcund-IeveI
muItipurpcse space caIIed the Fcrum. The
tcwer appears tc pierce the rccf,
transfcrmin intc a spire cn the extericr.
(% Mcst cf the museum's exhibiticn space
is encIcsed in three 262-fcct-Icn
shce-bcx-shaped aIIeries with Iazed
ends. Each is anIed tc catch a different
view cf the surrcundin Iandmarks, such
as the tcwn's medievaI cathedraI.
)% The rcund-IeveI aIIery, kncwn as the
Crande Nef, is an aImcst 13,000-square-
fcct area intended primariIy fcr the dispIay
cf Iare-scaIe wcrk. Durin the cpenin
exhibiticn, it was divided intc a series cf
smaIIer exhibiticn spaces. A mirrcr
suspended abcve cne cf these irreuIarIy
shaped aIIeries is part cf the inauuraI
instaIIaticn.
(
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Tc hcuse the desin team fcr the duraticn cf

the prcject, Ban set up an cffice cIcse tc his
cIient, ccnstructin a studic cn a baIccny
cf the Centre Pcmpidcu in Paris. The
113-fcct-Icn, 14-fcct-wide arched buiIdin is
suppcrted by paper tubes and steeI cabIes.
The skin ccnsists primariIy cf PTFE, the
same materiaI ccverin the timber rccf at
the Pcmpidcu-Metz.
GIFA<:K1 Certre |or|1ou|et, |et, |rorce
8I:?@K<:K# :FDG<K@K@FE1 S||eru bor
Arc||tects or1 Jeor 1e Cost|res Arc||tectes, W|t|
Curuc|1j|or Arc||tects S||eru bor, Jeor 1e
Cost|res, ||||| Curuc|1j|or, No|uto|o H|roo,
|or||o ls||1o, Aso|o K|ruro, Arre Sc|eou,
!os|| Ku|oto, H|ros|| |oe1o, S||r]o |or|, ko|f
|||e||er, roject teor
8I:?@K<:K# ;<J@>E 8E; J@K<
8;D@E@JKI8K@FE1 S||eru bor Arc||tects
or1 Jeor 1e Cost|res Arc||tectes S||eru bor,
Jeor 1e Cost|res, Ceror1o |ere, |orc |error1,
Jocues |or|e, |o]co| !|o||o, ||so Neufv|||e,
V|rcert |o|orte, A|essor1ro bo|1r|r|, H|ror|
O|o1o, Jeor Hoor |ee, Joe W|or S||r, Jorot|or
!|orr||||, ko||r orto borr], roject teor
<E>@E<<IJ1 Aru, !erre||, Herrorr b|urer
(structure), Aru, Cec lrr|er|e (r/e/)
:FEJLCK8EKJ1 |'O|servoto|re l (|||t|r),
Corr|rs Acoust|cs Wor|s|o (ocoust|cs), Aerce
N|co|os ||c|e||r Assoc|s (ur|or 1es|r), |oso
o||e (|or1scoe)
><E<I8C :FEKI8:KFI1 erot||eu & bor1
S0URCES
IFF= D<D9I8E<1 !o|]o |uroe
I<KI8:K89C< >C8JJ ;FFIJ1 but|oc|
>8CC<IP I8@J<; =CFFI1 |otr|c| |ev|eui
Lhrouqh qlazed ends. 1he Lubes pivoL around a sLeel elevaLor Lower LhaL pierces Lhe rool and Lranslorms
inLo a 250looLhiqh spire. OLher volumes shelLered under Lhe LenLlike coverinq conLain an audiLorium, a
resLauranL, a cale, a sLudio, and ollices.
Risinq Lhe heiqhL ol Lhe inLerior is a biq aLrium, called Lhe Forum, providinq an openended area lor
evenLs. lL is semiexLernal, wiLh LransparenL walls ol polycarbonaLe and reLracLable qlass doors LhaL allow
Lhe space Lo open almosL compleLely Lo a landscaped plaza.
As a concepL, Lhe pro|ecL is convincinq and seducLive: a biq, beauLilul rool wiLh lreelorm volumes
underneaLh. lL also reprises, in a very dillerenL locaLion, Lhe oriqinal Pompidou's qoal ol urban reviLaliza
Lion. YeL Lhe simpliciLy and liqhLness ol Lhe idea qeL losL in execuLion. You can'L really read Lhe sLack ol
Lubes on Lhe inside, which insLead leels inchoaLe. lnLernal circulaLion is dis|oinLed. 1he rool, conllaLed
wiLh Lhe cuboid volumes beneaLh, becomes ponderous.
ln addiLion, maLerials and sysLems wood, plasLic, meLal, qlass, compeLinq qrids and modules collide
in ways LhaL seem underconsidered. De CasLines once worked lor Cehry, buL Lhese are noL Lhe |oyous
collisions you lind in Cehry's work. ll you ascend Lhe Lower, you lind yoursell on a balcony lookinq down
on Lhe aLrium, which is poLenLially Lhe culminaLion ol Lhe inLernal sequence. BuL Lhe view is ol mechanical
equipmenL and Lhe dusLqaLherinq Lops ol Lhe Lubes enclosinq qalleries below.
1he qallery inLeriors leel careless. ln Lhe inauqural exhibiLion, AlisL works by Picasso, Brancusi, Mir,
Duchamp, Dal, Pollock, eL al were washed wiLh a dirLy liqhL, a drab meLallic qrid overhead. 1he spaces
don'L show Lhe aLLenLion LhaL archiLecLs such as Piano or David Chipperlield would brinq Lo maLerials,
proporLion, or deLail. 1he idea was more lor a sLudied casualness, buL iL doesn'L come oll.
1he Lheme ol Lhe buildinq is Lhe play ol Lhe monumenLal and Lhe sponLaneous, Lhe permanenL and
Lhe LransienL. However, insLead ol dancinq LoqeLher, Lhese qualiLies enLanqle and Lrip. ll iL's a LenL, iL's a
luqubrious one, il iL's a museum, iL's a shoddy one. 1he besL Lhinqs abouL Lhe pro|ecL are Lhe works on
display and Lhe lacL LhaL Lhey have come Lo MeLz. 1here are some saLislyinq spaLial momenLs, includinq
Lhe panoramic views lrom Lhe qalleries and Lhe LranslucenL rool liL up aL niqhL. Also successlul was Lhe
sLudio LhaL Ban creaLed Lo deliver Lhe pro|ecL, a liqhLweiqhL Lube slunq hiqh up on Lhe Piano and Roqers
buildinq in Paris. 1his Lemporary ollice perlecLly responds Lo Lhe oriqinal Pompidou's spiriL ol appropria
Lion and chanqe. DisappoinLinqly, Lhis spiriL seems Lo have been losL on Lhe Lrain ride easL. N
Cfe[fe$YXj\[ IfnXe Dffi\ `j XiZ_`k\Zkli\ Zi`k`Z f] k_\ 9i`k`j_ Jle[Xp e\njgXg\i 1he Observer% ?\ `j
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Much cf the Pcmpidcu-Metz at rcund-IeveI is
desined tc cpen tc a Iandscaped pIaza surrcundin
it with enercusIy sized Iass dccrs that retract.
Abcve the dccrs are semitransparent waIIs cf
pcIycarbcnate that stcp shcrt cf the rccf's
timber-mesh structure.
:I<;@KJ
// 8I PR0JECT JULY 200 CLN1RL POMPlDOUML1Z SHlCLRU BAN ARCHl1LC1S
Daniel S. Pearl, Architect, Montreal, Canada: Winner of the Global
Holcim Awards Bronze 2006.
Our work is driven by a collective vision that we build
with our clients.
Develop new perspectives for our
future: 3
rd
International Holcim
Awards competition for projects
in sustainable construction. Prize
money totals USD 2 million.
www.holcimawards.org
In partnership with the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
(ETH Zurich), Switzerland; the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, USA; Tongji University, Shanghai, China;
Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City; and the Ecole Suprieure
dArchitecture de Casablanca, Morocco. The universities lead the
independent juries in five regions of the world. Entries at
www.holcimawards.org close March 23, 2011.
The Holcim Awards competition is an initiative of the Holcim
Foundation for Sustainable Construction. Based in Switzerland,
the foundation is supported by Holcim Ltd and its Group companies
and affiliates in more than 70 countries. Holcim is one of the
worlds leading suppliers of cement and aggregates as well
as further activities such as ready-mix concrete and asphalt
including services.
CIRCLE 30
00.09 Architectural Record 0(
ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 MUL1lFAMlLY HOUSlNC
9L@C;@E> KPG<J JKL;P
Formosa !!40
WLS1 HOLLYWOOD, CALlFORNlA
A privaLe developmenL plays qood
neiqhbor by creaLinq a new public park
as well as snazzy duplexes.
By CliIIord A. Pearson
0( Formosa !!40
LORCAN O'HLRLlHY ARCHl1LC1S
0+ 60 Pichmond
1LLPLL ARCHl1LC1S
0/ Yale 5team Laundry Condos
JOHN RONAN ARCHl1LC1S
0(

Prcram
From Lhe sLarL, Lorinq and his
company, HabiLaL Croup, saw Lhe
advanLaqes ol breakinq down Lhe
LradiLional boundary beLween public
and privaLe. lnsLead ol creaLinq a
series ol small backyards or an inLer
nalized courLyard lor Lhe residenLial
complex, he and O'Herlihy wanLed Lo
esLablish a larqer ouLdoor space LhaL
could be used by Lhe public as well as
condo residenLs. 1his larqer space
would add value Lo Lhe dwellinq uniLs
while servinq as a public ameniLy lor
Lhe enLire neiqhborhood.
1he developer and archiLecL
aimed Lhe complex aL younq proles
sionals, ollerinq Lwo and Lhree
bedroom duplex uniLs ranqinq lrom
abouL ,^00 Lo ,700 square leeL.
Havinq worked LoqeLher on Lwo
previous housinq pro|ecLs in WesL
Hollywood, Lorinq and O'Herlihy
had developed a relaLionship LhaL
allowed qood ideas Lo llow back and
lorLh. 1hey had also esLablished a
qood relaLionship wiLh Lhe ciLy ol
WesL Hollywood, which aqreed Lo
provide loan quaranLees and small
variances Lo buildinqenvelope
requlaLions in exchanqe lor a public
park on parL ol Lhe siLe.
ScIuticn
By pushinq Lhe aparLmenL buildinq Lo
one side, O'Herlihy was able Lo creaLe
a pockeL park on one Lhird ol Lhe
3,800squarelooL siLe. "1he chal
lenqe was providinq enouqh open
space Lo make Lhe park really uselul
while liLLinq uniLs on Lhe properLy,"
says O'Herlihy. 1he archiLecL solved
Lhe problem by orienLinq Lhe narrow
end ol Lhe buildinq Lo Lhe sLreeL and
Lhe lonq end Lo Lhe park. UnderneaLh
Lhe park, he Lucked a concreLe qaraqe
wiLh space lor 23 cars.
"From Lhe beqinninq, Lhe park
inlormed Lhe desiqn ol Lhe buildinq,"
explains O'Herlihy. AlLhouqh Lhe
buildinq has a simple recLanqular
looLprinL Lo keep consLrucLion
cosLs down, balconies and windows
pro|ecL ouLward in various places Lo
enqaqe Lhe landscape and animaLe
Lhe ma|or lacades. OuLdoor cor
ridors on Lhe lirsL and Lhird lloors
overlook Lhe park, providinq access
Lo Lhe aparLmenLs and servinq as a
buller lor Lhe uniLs inside.
ln addiLion Lo overlookinq Lhe
park, each dwellinq uniL has iLs own
small ouLdoor space: balconies lac
inq Lhe park or sLreeL lor Lhe lower
aparLmenLs and mosLly rool decks
lor Lhe upper uniLs. 1he archiLecLs
provide solar and visual proLec
Lion lor Lhe homes wiLh a series
ol oranqe or red corruqaLedsLeel
panels some orienLed verLically,
some horizonLally, some perloraLed,
and some solid. "We wanLed Lo creaLe
a layerinq ol screens and skins,"
says O'Herlihy. AlLhouqh he didn'L
use any alLernaLive enerqy sources
or hiqhLech enerqysavinq devices,
Lhe archiLecL kepL Lhe buildinq's
looLprinL small Lo encouraqe cross
venLilaLion.
1o limiL consLrucLion cosLs Lo
rouqhly $5 million, Lhe archiLecLs
desiqned a simple, woodlrame
buildinq wiLh |usL Lhree dillerenL
aparLmenL layouLs. All ol Lhe uniLs
are duplexes and mosL have a "llex"
room on Lhe lower lloor LhaL can
serve as eiLher a sLudy or a Lhird
bedroom. (UniLs lacinq Lhe sLreeL
are a biL smaller and have |usL Lwo
bedrooms.) A simple paleLLe ol
colors (mosLly whiLe wiLh oranqe
or red accenLs) and lew parLiLions
(only a curLain separaLes Lhe masLer
bedroom lrom iLs baLhroom, lor
example) make Lhe aparLmenLs leel
open and conLemporary.
Ccmmentary
lnspired by Lhe briqhL colors ol Lhe
nearby Formosa cale a lavoriLe
Hollywood hanqouL O'Herlihy and
his associaLes brouqhL a hipsLer's
S0UTHERN CAL!F0RN!A may con|ure imaqes ol paLios, barbecue qrills, and
al lresco dininq, buL ouLdoor spaces Lhere Lend Lo be privaLe eiLher Lucked
behind houses or conlined Lo inLernal courLyards in aparLmenL complexes.
"L.A. is a privaLized ciLy," sLaLes Lorcan O'Herlihy, FAlA, whose lirm desiqned
Formosa ^0, an uniL condominium on NorLh Formosa Avenue in WesL
Hollywood. "New York has a loL more public open space Lhan we do," adds Lhe
Los Anqelesbased archiLecL. So O'Herlihy and developer Richard Lorinq used
Lhis pro|ecL as an opporLuniLy Lo combine privaLe properLy and Lhe public realm,
enhancinq boLh in Lhe process.
vibe Lo midmarkeL housinq LhaL Loo
olLen leels sLale and lormulaic. 1hey
also did a qood |ob ol usinq simple
maLerials in a varieLy ol ways Lo cre
aLe a leelinq ol depLh and animaLion
on Lhe Lwo ma|or lacades. While Lhe
lloor plans and inLeriors don'L break
any new desiqn qround, Lhey cer
Lainly provide aLLracLive, wellliqhLed
spaces lor modern livinq.
O'Herlihy's claims ol "conLesL
inq Lhe boundaries beLween
public and privaLe" may be a biL
oversLaLed, buL Formosa ^0's
inclusion ol a public park cerLainly
encouraqes a Lype ol urbanism
LhaL is rare in ciLies like Los Anqeles.
ll we're lucky, iL will serve as a
model lor developers Lo qive back
Lo Lheir communiLies. N
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0) ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 BU!LD!NC TYPES STUDY
1
6
7
8
9
SECTION A-A
0 10 FT.
3 M.
A
A
1
2
3
4
5
GROUND FLOOR
8I:?@K<:K1 |orcor O'Her|||]
Arc||tects |orcor O'Her|||],
|AlA, r|rc|o| |r c|ore, Kot|er|re
W||||ors, roject roroer,
Kev|r !so|, |vor br|r|ror, Kev|r
Sout|er|or1, roject teor
:C@<EK1 Ho||tot Crou
<E>@E<<IJ1 S|rsor, Curert
& Heer |r|reer|r
C8E;J:8G< ;<J@>E<I1 Kot|e
S|t Assoc|otes
><E<I8C :FEKI8:KFI1
Arc|et]e
J@Q<1 lc,000 suore feet, ll ur|ts
:FJK1 ;S r||||or
:FDGC<K@FE ;8K<1 Joruor]
c007
S0URCES
:LIK8@E N8CC1 |eto| So|es
corruote1 reto| s|1|r
N@E;FNJ1 |eto| W|r1oW
Cororot|or, |||or1
1 G8IB
2 G8IB@E> ;I@M<N8P
3 C@M@E>
4 B@K:?<E
5 JKL;P&9<;IFFD
6 G8IB@E>
7 KPG@:8C CFN<I
LE@K
B KPG@:8C LGG<I
LE@K
9 IFF= ;<:B
OPLNlNC PACL: The
street facade rabs
attenticn.
. Residents enter upper
units frcm an cutdccr
ccrridcr.
2. Each unit is a dupIex.
ABOVL: Mcst apart-
ments cverIcck the new
park with baIccnies cr
rccf decks.
0* LOS ANCLLLS MUL1lFAMlLY HOUSlNC LORCAN O'HLRLlHY ARCHl1LC1S
:I<;@KJ
60 Pichmond
Urban reviLalizaLion and live/work cooperaLive
housinq come LoqeLher in an inspired Modern
qreen desiqn.
By Jane F. Kolleeny
APCHITECT: !ee|e Arc||tects Ste|er
!ee|e, r|rc|o|, C|r|s ko1|or, roject
roroer, k|c|or1 |o|, W||||or ||sWort|],
roject orc||tects
CLIENT: !ororto Corrur|t] Hous|r
Cororot|or
ENCINEEP5: C|| Structuro| Corsu|torts
(structuro|), Jo|r & Assoc|otes (r/e/)
CCN5ULTANT5: |rerro1o| |r|reer|r
(erv|rorrerto|), NAK es|r Crou
(|or1scoe), C|r|||tt|e lrterrot|oro| (foo1
serv|ce)
CCNTPACTCP5: b|r1 Corstruct|or
Coror]
5IZE: 77,ScS suore feet
CC5T: ;c0 r||||or
CCMPLETICN DATE: |orc| c0l0
S0URCES
EXTEPICP CLADDINC: Cer|or|t
CUPTAIN WALL: A|ur|cor
PCCFINC: lKO
WINDCW5: lr||re |||er|oss, C|eorv|eW
lr1ustr|es
CLAZINC: ||C lr1ustr|es
DCCP5: !r||||ur Stee| oors, Corc|or
brot|ers, Arste|
LICHTINC: Se|ui, !|oros |||t|r
HAPDWAPE: Sorert |orufoctur|r,
Stor|e] Hor1Wore
CEILINC: Arrstror
PAINT: S|erW|r W||||ors, lCl |o|rts
PLUMBINC: |oer, Arer|cor Stor1or1,
||ro||r
FLCCPINC: |or|o, Arrstror
AS 0NE 0F THE W0RLD'S mosL
mulLiculLural ciLies, 1oronLo provides
LransiLional housinq lor many ol
iLs immiqranL poor. Since Lhe laLe
9^0s, ReqenL Park, a 69acre
meqadevelopmenL ol uninviLinq
midrise LenemenL buildinqs in Lhe
ciLy's downLown core, has served as a
primary residence lor Lhis popula
Lion. BuL ReqenL Park has lallen inLo
decline, makinq 1oronLo's downLown
increasinqly inhospiLable and socially
marqinalized. ln 2005, Lhe ciLy and
Lhe 1oronLo CommuniLy Housinq
CorporaLion (1CHC) developed a
0year plan Lo demolish and rebuild
Lhe aqinq developmenL.
"1he ReqenL Park reviLalizaLion
will creaLe beLLer places Lo live
replace aqinq, deLerioraLinq buildinqs
wiLh new ones builL Lo Lhe hiqhesL
archiLecLural and qreen sLandards,"
explained John Fox, vice presidenL
ol 1CHC. By openinq up whaL were
lormerly isolaLed sLreeLscapes Lo Lhe
downLown qrid, Lhe ciLy and 1CHC
hope Lo develop Lhe characLer ol Lhe
area so iL becomes a Lrue neiqhbor
hood. RedevelopmenL is already
sLarLinq Lo spill ouL inLo nearby
areas, includinq Richmond SLreeL,
Lhe siLe ol a new buildinq desiqned
by 1eeple ArchiLecLs.
Prcram
1o make up lor Lhe loss ol some
dwellinq uniLs aL ReqenL Park, Lhe ciLy
needed Lo creaLe new lowincome
housinq downLown. A lormer home
less shelLer donaLed by Lhe ciLy Lo
1CHC aL 60 Richmond was demol
ished, makinq room lor a proqram Lo
house unionized hospiLaliLy workers
employed in Lhe area. Local ciLy
councilor Pam McConnell suqqesLed
a coop lor residenLs, which ulLimaLely
resulLed "in a unique parLnership
amonq 1oronLo CommuniLy Housinq,
UniLe Here Local 75 (Lhe HospiLaliLy
Workers Union), and Lhe CooperaLive
Housinq FederaLion ol 1oronLo,"
explains Fox. Conceived as a proqres
sive live/work model ol housinq, iL
aspires Lo encouraqe residenLs Lo Lake
qreaLer responsibiliLy lor Lheir lives.
ScIuticn
CompleLed in March 200, 60
Richmond provides 85 one Lo
Lhreebedroom aparLmenLs in a new,
sLory buildinq. 1CHC raised Lhe $20
million required Lo build Lhe laciliLy,
manaqed consLrucLion unLil comple
Lion, Lhen Lurned iL over Lo a coop
board LhaL collecLs renL and oversees
operaLions. ResidenLs include sous
chels, kiLchen help, and hoLel clean
inq sLall, who mosLly work wiLhin
walkinq disLance. Due Lo open Lhis
lall, a resLauranL and Lraininq kiLchen
will occupy Lhe sLreeL level. "Once Lhe
resLauranL and Leachinq kiLchen are
compleLe," explains SLeven 1eeple,
principal in charqe and lounder ol
1eeple ArchiLecLs, "[Lhey will| enliven
Lhe sLreeL space wiLh acLiviLy."
1o break down Lhe mass ol
Lhe buildinq, 1eeple orqanized
Lhe main lacade inLo an irreqular
series ol pro|ecLinq volumes Lhree
bumpedouL volumes are separaLed
by recessed areas, and a sixLhlloor
reveal opens Lo a lullheiqhL courL
yard occupyinq Lhe cenLral core ol
Lhe enLire volume, brinqinq liqhL and
air inside and creaLinq a sLack ellecL
lor venLilaLion. ConLribuLinq lurLher
Lo variaLions in Lhe exLerior, an oc
casional recessed porch painLed a
vivid color puncLuaLes Lhe oLherwise
qray volumes ol Lhe hiqhly insulaLed
rainscreen claddinq, which elimi
naLes Lhermal bridqinq. While Lhe
pro|ecL makes a sLronq archiLecLural
sLaLemenL, iL also serves as an ex
Lension ol downLown's urban labric.
"1he buildinq delines Lhe public and
semipublic spaces ol Lhe ciLy and
Lhe courLyard iL encloses. lLs mass
wraps around Lhe corner, brinqinq
dynamism Lo Lhis urban inLersec
Lion," explains 1eeple.
A qarden Lended by residenLs on
a sixLhlloor courLyard will produce
veqeLables lor Lhe resLauranL,
while composL lrom Lhe kiLchen will
lerLilize Lhe qrowinq soil. 1his raised
courLyard also provides space
where lamilies can qaLher. "We cuL
away Lhe mass ol Lhe buildinq lrom
Lhe sLreeL lacade, creaLinq ouLdoor
qreen Lerraces, while allowinq Lhe
primary laces Lo deline Lhe public
space ol Lhe sLreeL," says 1eeple.
"We didn'L seL back Lhese Lerraces
or disconnecL Lhem lrom Lhe ciLy buL
insLead wove Lhe qreenery inLo Lhe
labric ol Lhe ciLy," he conLinues.
On Lrack lor LLLD Cold cerLilica
Lion, Lhe pro|ecL demonsLraLes an
impressive qreen aqenda. HeaL
recovery uniLs in aparLmenLs and
limiLed qlazinq on Lhe exLerior
conLribuLe Lo overall enerqy savinqs,
while a sophisLicaLed mechanical
sysLem Lranslers enerqy lrom Lhe
warm Lo Lhe cold side ol Lhe buildinq
as LemperaLures chanqe. RainwaLer
collecLion irriqaLes Lhe qardens, and
a qreen rool miLiqaLes sLorm waLer
and Lhe heaLisland ellecL. LimiLed
parkinq, luelellicienL auLoshare
vehicles, bike sLoraqe, and proximiLy
Lo public LransiL all encouraqe less
enerqyinLensive LransporLaLion. P
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1ORON1O, CANADA
C<=K1 The intericrs cf
scme cf the units face
dcwntcwn Tcrcntc.
K?@J G8><1 The 11-stcry
60 Richmcnd has a
distinctive face. White
recessed areas ccntrast
with a dark ray facade,
and intermittent,
vividIy ccIcred pcrches
punctuate the irreuIar
surface.
0, KFIFEKF DLCK@=8D@CP ?FLJ@E> K<<GC< 8I:?@K<:KJ
0 20 FT.
6 M.
GROUND FLOOR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8
Irrigation
Grow wall
Compost
Produce
cooling
Green roofs (rainwater retention)
Evaporative cooling
Passive
ventilation
Cistern
Irrigation nnnn
wall a Grow wall al wall w
Restauranttt
Compost
Produuce
cooling cooling
Green roofs (rainwater retention) enntio on tention n)
Evaporative cooling o
Garden
PPPassive
v ntilation ventilati
Passive
ventilation
SUSTAINABILITY SECTION
( CF99P
) F==@:<J
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+ KI8@E@E> B@K:?<E
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0- ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 9L@C;@E> KPG<J JKL;P

:fdd\ekXip
1eeple describes 60 Richmond as
emblemaLic ol "environmenLal urban
ism," which recoqnizes LhaL reason
ably dense developmenL in ciLies is
hiqhly susLainable. BuL Lhe archiLecL
did more Lhan |usL reinlorce a Lrend
Lo denser ciLies he and his Leam
brouqhL a sLronq sense ol desiqn Lo a
pro|ecL servinq lowincome residenLs.
1he lirm sculpLed Lhe buildinq's main
lacade Lo make iL visually compel
linq, Lhouqh iLs pro|ecLinq volumes
appear vaquely derivaLive ol housinq
by DuLch lirms, specilically a pro|ecL
in Madrid called Celosia by MRVDV
and Blanc Alleo. SLill, Lhe pro|ecL is
impressive as an ob|ecL, as parL ol an
urban landscape, and as a model ol
hiqhperlormance desiqn. N
SIXTH FLOOR
9
9
9 9 9
9 9
9
10
10
11
3
12
(% A view cut tc the city
acrcss the ccurtyard
and the sixth-fIccr
terrace, with a arden
tended by residents.
)% A catwaIk cn the
sixth Bccr ccnnects
twc sides cf the cpen
vcIume cf the 11-stcry
ccurtyard.
9<CFN1 The atriumIike
ccurtyard, viewed here
frcm the rcund Bccr,
is cpen tc the sky.
)
KFIFEKF DLCK@=8D@CP ?FLJ@E> K<<GC< 8I:?@K<:KJ 0.
Yale 5team Laundry Condominiums
John Ronan ArchiLecLs and BBCBBCM collaboraLe Lo reLain Lhe hisLoric
characLer ol a 20LhcenLury commercial buildinq complex.
By Linda C. Lentz
APCHITECT: Jo|r koror
Arc||tects Jo|r koror, |eo1
1es|rer, r|rc|o| |r c|ore, br|or
|o|o1], \osus|| Koo|utsu, bro1
Ke||e], Oscor Kor, roject teor
A55CCIATE APCHITECT: bbC
bbC| or|r|c C|or1oro, AlA,
roro|r ortrer
CLIENT: lbC |ortrers/Creerf|e|1
|ortrers
ENCINEEP5: Ho||ert A|e
Assoc|otes (structuro|), CH!
||r|te1 (r/e/)
CCN5ULTANT5: C|orter S|||s
(|||t|r), |or|er ko1r|ue
(|or1scoe), boWror (c|v||)
CENEPAL CCNTPACTCP: C|or|
Corstruct|or
5IZE: 18,000 suore feet (ross
suore footoe)
CC5T: W|t||e|1
CCMPLETICN DATE: Ar|| c008
S0URCES
WINDCW5: Cro|or Arc||tecturo|
|ro1ucts, Wosco Custor S|]|||t
S]sters
METALWCPK: AlW Arer|cor
lrorWor|
PAINT AND 5TAIN: berjor|r
|oore
5UPFACE5: Cor|or (||tc|er so||1
surfoc|r)
INTEPICP LICHTINC: bortco
(or||ert), ||os (|o||]), |ev|tor
(cortro|s)
FLCCPINC: Cb ||oor|r (Woo1)
CUT 0FF FR0M THE CAP!TAL'S
downLown area by Lhe sprawlinq
WashinqLon ConvenLion CenLer, Lhe
2block span LhaL makes up Lhe
MounL Vernon Square HisLoric DisLricL
exemplilies Lypical urban woes:
poorly planned pro|ecLs, abandoned
buildinqs, and worn sLreeLscapes. lL
also displays siqns ol an archiLecLural
and commercial revival.
Rich wiLh a hisLory LhaL rellecLs
D.C.'s economic and social develop
menL, Lhis workinqclass neiqhbor
hood in NorLhwesL WashinqLon is
aLLracLinq developers, enLrepre
neurs, and residenLs lookinq Lo
invesL in Lhe charms ol whaL is lelL
ol iLs mid9Lh Lo mid20LhcenLury
buildinq sLock as well as Lhe
poLenLial revenue presenLed by iLs
proximiLy Lo Lhe convenLion cenLer.
Prcram
When lBC and Creenlield ParLners
allied Lo purchase Lhe Yale SLeam
Laundry properLy in Lhe early
2000s, Lhe onceLhrivinq commercial
esLablishmenL comprisinq a Lhree
sLory lLalianaLe, brickandlimesLone
sLrucLure builL in 902, iLs 92^ Lwo
sLory annex, and 99 qaraqe had
been shuLLered lor decades. BuilL Lo
meeL Lhe demands ol a hiqhvolume
service business, Lhe main sLeel
lramed buildinq, by archiLecL 1homas
Francis, Jr., leaLured irreqular wood
lloor |oisLs, Lhick, qlazed whiLe brick
inLerior walls, and a corbeled smoke
sLack. 1he concreLelramed addiLion,
by A.B. MulleLL & Company, had a
qroundlevel dirL lloor and ample
indusLrial sLeel lenesLraLion.
1he developers' inLenL was Lo
adapL Lhe rundown laciliLy, lisLed
on Lhe NaLional ReqisLer ol HisLoric
Places, as an aesLheLic "anchor" lor
an expansive residenLial complex.
So Lhey enlisLed Lhe local ollice ol
BBCBBCM Lo oversee Lhe pro|ecL's
preservaLion and landscapinq
aspecLs and Lo devise a scheme
lor Lwo 2sLory conLemporary
Lowers one lor condominiums, Lhe
oLher lor renLal aparLmenLs LhaL
would leaLure lolLlike residences
wiLh LradiLional layouLs. However,
Lhey souqhL an archiLecL wiLh an
edqy perspecLive lor Lhe inLerior
renovaLion ol Lhe oriqinal buildinq
and annex, which would connecL
Lo Lhe condo Lower and house real
lolLs, as well as owner ameniLies lor
boLh. (1he old qaraqe will be merqed
wiLh Lhe renLal Lower under separaLe
manaqemenL.) 1o casL a wide neL, a
compeLiLion was held. 1he winninq
desiqn, by Chicaqobased John
Ronan ArchiLecLs, is hip yeL mindlul
ol Lhe buildinq's sLrucLural leqacy.
ScIuticn
"We leL Lhe buildinq do Lhe Lalkinq,"
explains principal John Ronan. Basinq
spaLial conliquraLions on iLs windows
and sLrucLural elemenLs, he and his
Leam arranqed ^ sinqlelloor and six
duplex lolLs, all wiLh disLincL layouLs,
inLo Lhe main secLion. 1hey isolaLed
mechanicals by devisinq a cenLral
zone in each Lo accommodaLe HVAC,
plus cusLom kiLchens and baLhs, leav
inq Lhe oriqinal cleaned buL scarred
ceilinqs and brick walls inLacL. Likewise,
Lhey carved an inlrasLrucLural hub
aL Lhe buildinq's core, and laced Lhe
walls in Lhe hall wiLh hoLrolled sLeel
Lo separaLe pasL and presenL.
"We wanLed Lo leave Lhe paLina
and characLer LhaL Lime conlerred
on iL," says Ronan. "So Lhe lirsL Lhinq
we did when we sLarLed consLrucLion
was walk Lhrouqh wiLh Lhe conLracLor,
Lellinq him whaL noL Lo do."
ABOVL: The restcred buiIdins feature
a Iandscaped ccurtyard and driveway.
RlCH1: The annex cpens tc a dayIit
entry with existin repainted brick,
and an inserted steeI stair and bride. P
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WASHlNC1ON, D.C.
00 WASHlNC1ON, D.C. MUL1lFAMlLY HOUSlNC JOHN RONAN ARCHl1LC1S
SECOND FLOOR
9
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
7
8
1he archiLecLs creaLed a double
heiqhL enLry in Lhe annex, openinq
iL Lo exisLinq skyliqhLs. 1hen Lhey liL a
qlass wall inLo Lhe masonry Lo reveal
Lhe ad|acenL lobby wiLh iLs saLiny
concreLe lloor, sleek lurnishinqs, and
access Lo Lhe qaraqe and manaqe
menL ollices. 1hey inserLed a "qrand"
sLeel sLair and qlasslined bridqe lead
inq Lo Lhe upper qym and recreaLion
area also dayliL by larqe moniLors.
OuLside, BBCBBCM sLripped
Lhe painLed lacades, replaced or
1 <EKI8E:<
2 CF99P&I<:<GK@FE
3 D8E8><D<EK F==@:<J
4 GL9C@: :FII@;FIJ
5 I<J@;<E:<J
6 FNE<I JKFI8><
7 I<:I<8K@FE 8I<8
B >PD
9 9I@;><
10 8EE<O IFF=
11 JBPC@>?K
12 C@>?K DFE@KFI
GROUND FLOOR
1
2
3
4
4
5 5
5
6
0 20 FT.
6 M.
THIRD FLOOR
11
11
12
12
10
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
. NewIy instaIIed wccd
fIccrin and custcm
kitchens are distinct
frcm existin surfaces.
2. The Icbby features
upIit existin ccIumns,
pIus furnishins by
Mccci, Zeus, and FIcs.
repaired windows, and rebuilL Lhe
smokesLack Lhe pro|ecL icon.
Ccmmentary
Accordinq Lo ScoLL Fuller, lBC execu
Live vice presidenL, "1his pro|ecL was
a unique opporLuniLy Lo marry new
Lowers Lo a hisLoric buildinq in an area
underqoinq a rapid renaissance." WiLh
near LoLal occupancy, Ronan's discreeL
LranslormaLion ol Lhe old Yale SLeam
Laundry clearly lills a niche in a ciLy
wiLh lew indusLrial buildinqs. N
(''
2

BU!LD!NC TYPES STUDY JULY 200 MUL1lFAMlLY HOUSlNC

CIRCLE 31
02 ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200 :<L :
:fek`el`e^ <[lZXk`fe
Use Lhe lollowinq learninq ob|ecLives
Lo locus your sLudy while readinq Lhis
monLh's 8I:?@K<:KLI8C I<:FI;/AlA ConLinuinq
LducaLion arLicle. 1o earn one AlA learninq
uniL, includinq one hour ol healLh, saleLy, and
wellare/susLainable desiqn (HSW/SD) crediL, Lurn
Lo paqe and lollow Lhe insLrucLions. OLher
opporLuniLies Lo receive AlA/CLS crediL beqin on
paqe 3.
C\Xie`e^ FYa\Zk`m\j
( Lxplain whaL a doubleskin curLain wall is.
) ldenLily Lhe componenLs ol a doubleskin
curLain wall.
* Discuss Lhe advanLaqes and disadvanLaqes
ol doubleskin sysLems.
+ Discuss how doubleskin sysLems can
be deployed wiLh oLher buildinq sysLems
Lo improve perlormance.
8K C<8JK J@E:< DF;<IE@JD emerqed in Lhe
early 20Lh cenLury, and perhaps as early as Lhe
mid9Lh cenLury, when Joseph PaxLon builL Lhe
CrysLal Palace in London, archiLecLs have been
lascinaLed wiLh qlass. 1hey've exploiLed Lhe maLe
rial's properLies Lo make buildinqs LhaL almosL
disappear, Lo creaLe a qlowinq ellecL aL niqhL, and
Lo enhance connecLiviLy wiLh Lhe ouLdoors. And ol
course, many have chosen Lo clad Lheir sLrucLures
in qlass because ol iLs associaLions wiLh openness
and honesLy. BuL a mosLly LransparenL buildinq
can be aL odds wiLh susLainabiliLy. Dependinq on
how iL is desiqned and builL, an allqlassclad sLruc
Lure is prone Lo heaL qains and losses, resulLinq in
inLeriors LhaL are Loo hoL or Loo cold and creaLinq
Lhe need lor biqqer mechanical sysLems.
One response Lo Lhe compeLinq demands ol
enerqy elliciency and Lransparency is a double
skin lacade a claddinq assembly made up ol
Lwo surlaces or walls ol qlass separaLed by an air
caviLy venLilaLed eiLher by mechanical or naLural
means. 1his inLerveninq air space, which acLs like
a climaLic buller, olLen encloses shadinq devices
and can be as narrow as a lew inches, buL is
Lypically 3 or more leeL deep Lo allow access lor
mainLenance. ln cold seasons, Lhe air wiLhin Lhe
caviLy can be disLribuLed Lo Lhe buildinq Lo help
lullill heaLinq needs, and in warm weaLher iL can
be venLed Lo lessen coolinq loads.
1he approach does have drawbacks, includinq
Lhe loss ol usable lloor space and Lhe cosL ol an ex
Lra skin and iLs supporLinq sLrucLure. A double wall
also adds a level ol complexiLy requirinq a whole
buildinq approach LhaL closely coordinaLes several
disciplines, includinq mechanical and sLrucLural
enqineerinq, Lhermal analysis, and liqhLinq desiqn.
1he |usLcompleLed ^00,000squarelooL,
$85 million expansion ol Lhe FranklurL, Cermany,
headquarLers ol KlW Bankenqruppe is one pro|ecL
LhaL is Lhe producL ol Lhis kind ol LiqhL inLeqraLion.
Berlinbased Sauerbruch HuLLon won Lhe com
mission in 200^ wiLh a proposal lor a 8^looLLall
qlassclad buildinq LhaL includes a 0lloor ollice
Lower, shaped like an airloil in plan, on Lop ol a
More 1han Skin Deep
An inLeqraLed lacade sLraLeqy helps desiqners
creaLe more comlorLable and beLLer
perlorminq qlass buildinqs.
By Joann Conchar, AIA
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SITE PLAN
curvy loursLory podium.
1he lorm was Lhe ouLcome ol an ellorL Lo
preserve views and dayliqhL lor Lhe occupanLs
ol Lhe bank's clusLer ol exisLinq buildinqs. AL Lhe
same Lime, Lhe desiqners hoped Lo reinlorce
Lhe sLreeL edqe and draw an ad|acenL boLanical
qarden inLo Lhe rear ol Lhe siLe.
1his conliquraLion, especially Lhe Lower's
winqlike shape, was also ideal lor an unusual Lype
ol doubleskin lacade LhaL Lakes advanLaqe ol
Lhe prevailinq wind direcLion and should allow
ollices in Lhe new KlW Lower Lo rely on naLural
venLilaLion lor several monLhs ol Lhe year. "1he
urban concepL and Lhe venLilaLion sLraLeqy liL well
LoqeLher," says 1om CeisLer, Sauerbruch HuLLon
pro|ecL archiLecL.
1he lacade, alonq wiLh several oLher coordi
naLed leaLures, includinq radianL slabs and qeo
Lhermal heaLinq and coolinq, is expecLed Lo help
Lhe buildinq meeL an ambiLious operaLinq LarqeL
OPPOSl1L: The new KIW building in FrankIurt,
Cermany has a doublewall Iacade with a sawtooth
shaped outer skin.
ABOVL: The skin includes colorIul automated
haps that open, depending on conditions, to allow
outdoor air to enter the Iacade cavity.
03 DOUBLLSKlN CUR1AlN WALLS
104 Architectural Record 00.09
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PREVAILING WINDS
SOLAR HEATING OF FACADE
PRESSURIZATION OF FACADE
Positive pressure
Negative pressure
inLake louver locaLed aL Lhe siLe's edqe near Lhe
boLanical qarden and Lemper iL wiLh Lhe consLanL
LemperaLure ol Lhe earLh belore deliverinq iL Lo
Lhe work areas lrom a plenum below Lheir raised
lloors. ln winLer, Lhe air will be lurLher warmed
by a recovery sysLem LhaL capLures heaL lrom
exhausL air and lrom Lhe daLa cenLer. And durinq
Lhe summer, radianL ceilinqs will absorb heaL.
ChiII factcr
FranklurL has a mild climaLe, wiLh lonq, beniqn shoul
der seasons, makinq iL well suiLed lor such an ap
proach. BuL a doubleskin can also be incorporaLed
inLo a coordinaLed sLraLeqy lor enerqy conservaLion
and occupanL comlorL in buildinqs in more exLreme
environmenLs, as illusLraLed by Lhe $27 million
headquarLers lor public uLiliLy ManiLoba Hydro. 1he
700,000squarelooL buildinq opened in SepLember
in downLown Winnipeq, Canada a ciLy wiLh shorL
and humid summers and lonq and bruLal winLers. lL
has Lhe dubious disLincLion ol beinq Lhe coldesL ciLy
on Lhe planeL wiLh a populaLion ol 600,000 or more.
DespiLe Lhe harsh condiLions, Lhe clienL and
iLs desiqn Leam, led by 1oronLobased Kuwabara
Payne McKenna Blumberq ArchiLecLs (KPMB),
opLed lor a hiqhly LransparenL sLrucLure. BuL by
deployinq a hosL ol LiqhLly coordinaLed leaLures,
includinq a doubleskin, Lhey've creaLed a Lower
expecLed Lo consume only a Lhird ol Lhe enerqy ol
a codecomplianL ollice buildinq.
ManiLoba Hydro's massinq, Lhe producL ol
indepLh siLe analysis, includes Lwo 8sLory ollice
blocks separaLed by a service core on Lop ol a
LhreesLory podium. 1he blocks are seL aL anqles
Lo one anoLher, lorminq Lhe lonq leqs ol a Lrianqle,
wiLh dominanL exposures Lo Lhe wesL and easL
norLheasL. 1o Lhe norLh, aL Lhe Lrianqle's apex, is a
ol consuminq no more Lhan 27 kBLu per square
looL ol primary enerqy per year, il calculaLed
in accordance wiLh Lhe U.S. sLandard ASHRAL
90. abouL hall Lhe needs ol a sLandard Cerman
ollice buildinq. 1he qoal was imporLanL Lo Lhe
clienL, since much ol iLs lendinq acLiviLy supporLs
enerqyellicienL housinq and Lhe developmenL ol
susLainable Lechnoloqies.
1he KlW envelope sysLem, which desiqners
have dubbed a "pressure rinq," consisLs ol an en
circlinq sawLooLhshaped caviLy, 28 inches wide aL
iLs deepesL poinL, LhaL encloses auLomaLed blinds
Lo block solar qain and conLrol qlare. 1he space is
delined on Lhe exLerior by a skin made up ol lixed,
Lemperedqlass panels and colorlul venLilaLion
llaps, and on Lhe inLerior by alLernaLinq operable
and lixed arqonlilled insulaLed qlazinq uniLs (lCU)
incorporaLinq a lowL coaLinq.
1his doublewall assembly will exLend Lhe
number ol days each year LhaL naLural venLilaLion
is pracLical, maximizinq air qualiLy, buL noL aL Lhe
expense ol enerqy conservaLion, accordinq Lo
SLuLLqarLbased 1homas Auer, manaqinq direcLor ol
1ranssolar KlimaLnqineerinq, Lhe pro|ecL's enerqy
consulLanL. ln hiqhrise buildinqs wiLh operable
windows, pressure dillerences on Lhe windward
and leeward laces can produce Loo much cross
venLilaLion, causinq unwanLed heaL loss, he explains.
BuL aL KlW, Lhe pressure rinq should keep Lhe cross
venLilaLion and associaLed heaLinq loss in check.
1he buildinq has a roolmounLed weaLher
sLaLion LhaL moniLors wind direcLion and speed,
amonq oLher lacLors, and conLrols Lhe venLila
Lion llaps in Lhe lacade's ouLer shell. Dependinq
on condiLions, Lhe buildinq manaqemenL sysLem
(BMS) opens or closes llaps Lo inLroduce lresh
air and creaLe a zone ol consisLenL pressure sur
roundinq Lhe curLain wall's inner skin while simul
Laneously producinq a sliqhL pressure dillerenLial
beLween Lhe caviLy and Lhe buildinq's inLerior. 1his
air is Lhen drawn inLo ollices Lhrouqh lloor venLs
near Lhe perimeLer, or Lhrouqh Lhe occupanL
conLrolled windows. lL is subsequenLly exhausLed
naLurally Lo Lhe neqaLively pressurized corridor,
and ulLimaLely Lhrouqh Lhe buildinq core.
Auer expecLs LhaL Lhe buildinq will operaLe
in Lhis mode wiLh Lhe mechanical sysLems lor
heaLinq and coolinq Lhe ollices oll durinq much
ol Lhe sprinq and lall. Durinq Lhe winLer and sum
mer, Lhe ollices will be supplied wiLh lresh ouLdoor
air Lhrouqh a ducL buried underneaLh a below
qrade parkinq qaraqe. lL will carry Lhe air lrom an

3
. The inner Iace oI the KIW building's doublewall
Iacade includes occupantcontrolled windows.
2. The tower's airIoil shape and encircling cavity
make the most oI prevailing winds Ior natural
ventilation. The cavity also provides protection
Irom solar gain.
3. Fresh air supplied to the oIces is vented through
the corridors (above) and then to the building core.
0^
CEU JULY 200 DOUBLLSKlN CUR1AlN WALLS
2
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WHEN E. DIIION IHINKS ObISIDE IHE 8OX
IHE kESbIIS - Obk FkEMIEk IINE" kEFIECIIVE DIIION SEkIES
An orch|tecturo| concrete mosonry un|t beyond ony you cou|d |mog|neI
CIRCLE 32
A
A
B
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E
D
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F
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HEATING / COOLING AND VENTILATION DIAGRAM P
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3 3
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5
0 20 FT.
5 M.
TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN
linlike solar chimney LhaL exLends several sLories
beyond Lhe rool. And aL Lhe opposiLe end, lorm
inq Lhe Lrianqle's base, are Lhree sLacked aLrium
spaces, or winLer qardens, each six sLories Lall.
1his conliquraLion, and especially Lhe souLh
lacinq aLria, allow Lhe buildinq Lo make Lhe mosL
ol Winnipeq's unique aLmospheric condiLions:
AlLhouqh lriqid in winLer, Lhe ciLy's skies are amonq
Lhe clearesL in Canada. "Lven when iL is cold, iL
is almosL always sunny," poinLs ouL 1ranssolar's
Auer, whose lirm also served as Lhis pro|ecL's
environmenLal consulLanL.
1he winLer qardens were conceived Lo Lake
advanLaqe ol Lhis lree solar enerqy. 1he 90looL
lonq and 30looLwide space acLs almosL like an
expanded double skin, providinq a chamber lor
precondiLioninq ouLdoor air belore iL is disLrib
uLed Lo Lhe ollice areas Lhrouqh an underlloor
displacemenL venLilaLion sysLem.
Fresh air enLers each aLrium Lhrouqh Lhe lou
vers in Lhe souLhlacinq insulaLed qlazinq. Durinq
Lhe winLer, iL is warmed by Lhe sun and humidilied
by 80looLLall lounLains made ol Lensioned mylar
ribbons LhaL carry waLer alonq Lheir lenqLh. ln
Lhe summer, chilled waLer runs alonq Lhe ribbons,
helpinq remove humidiLy lrom Lhe air. 1he winLer
qardens are Lhe buildinq's "lunqs," says Bruce
Kuwabara, KPMB principal.
. Even though Winnipeg has a harsh climate, its new
Manitoba Hydro building is clad completely in glass.
2. The cladding systems include doubleskin curtain
walls with automated windows that open to vent
excess heat.
3. 5outhIacing winter gardens precondition outdoor
air beIore it is distributed to the rest oI the building.
( 5CLAP CHIMNEY
) NCPTH ATPIUM
* CFFICE5
06 CEU JULY 200 DOUBLLSKlN CUR1AlN WALLS
2 3
8% Fresh air enters southIacing winter gardens.
9% Air is humidiIied or dehumidiIied by the water
Ieatures, depending on the season.
:% Air is distributed via underIloor displacement
ventilation.
;% Padiant ceilings add or remove heat as needed.
<% A chiller Ied by 2S0 geothermal wells transIers
heat to or Irom pipes running through the
radiant ceilings.
=% Air drawn through oIIice spaces is vented
through twostory atria at the north end oI the
building.
>% The air Ilows to the solar chimney and is
exhausted upward in the summer.
?% In winter, the exhaust air travels through a heat
exchanger and then warms the parking garage.
@% 5andIilled pipes absorb the sun's heat to help
maintain the stack eIIect on cool summer nights.
+ DCUBLE5KIN FACADE
, WINTEP CAPDEN
- CPEEN PCCF
Consciously cool.
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The Rise of Wall Street
THE SKYSCRAPER MUSEUM PRESENTS:
CIRCLE 38
CIRCLE 33
WINTER AIRFLOW
P
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C
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C
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P
A
P
H
Y
:

C
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U
C
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Once Lhe air is inLroduced inLo Lhe ollices,
heaL is added or absorbed, dependinq on Lhe
season, by radianL ceilinqs. Durinq Lhe summer,
Lhe sLack ellecL draws Lhe air upward Lhrouqh Lhe
solar chimney and ouL ol Lhe buildinq. BuL in Lhe
winLer, Lhe heaL in Lhe air is recovered and used Lo
warm a belowqrade parkinq qaraqe.
1he lonq, exposed laces ol Lhe ollice blocks
are clad wiLh a more Lypically dimensioned double
skin. 1he sysLem includes a ^9inchdeep caviLy en
closed by an lCU on Lhe exLerior and a sinqle liLe on
Lhe inLerior. BoLh inner and ouLer skins are ol low
iron qlass, incorporaLinq lowL coaLinqs, buL ol
dillerinq perlormance levels: SomewhaL counLer
inLuiLively, Lhe ouLer skin's coaLinq allows much ol
Lhe sun's radianL enerqy Lo pass Lhrouqh Lhe qlass
inLo Lhe caviLy. However, Lhe inner skin includes a
hiqherperlorminq pyrolyLic, or bakedon, coaLinq.
lL rellecLs a larqe porLion ol Lhe solar radiaLion back
inLo Lhe caviLy while helpinq mainLain comlorLable
LemperaLures lor ollice areas immediaLely ad|a
cenL Lo Lhe curLain wall. "1he qoal was Lo collecL
as much heaL [in Lhe caviLy| as possible," explains
John PeLerson, KPMB pro|ecL archiLecL.
1he combinaLion ol coaLinqs is so ellecLive
LhaL excess heaL olLen builds beLween Lhe inner
SUMMER AIRFLOW
. The Cambridge Public Library's doubleskin Iacade
has horizontal louvers and laminatedglass visors to
mitigate direct solar penetration.
2. The architects opted Ior an allglass Iacade to
make the building inviting at all times oI day.
3. A !5Iootwide strip oI the interior immediately
next to the curtain wall is columnIree to enhance the
connection with the surrounding park.

2
3
08 CEU JULY 200 DOUBLLSKlN CUR1AlN WALLS
LLF1 AND ABOVL: During the winter, closed
vents at the top and bottom oI the cavity allow
the air within to heat up, creating a thermal
barrier between exterior and interior. During
the summer, the vents are opened to allow cool
air to enter at the base and exit at the top as it
warms, via the stack eIIect.
and ouLer curLainwall layers whenever ouLdoor
LemperaLures rise above ^ deqrees. BuL aL Lhose
Limes, Lhe BMS opens operable windows in Lhe
ouLer skin Lo venL Lhe caviLy. 1he sysLem also con
Lrols auLomaLed blinds Lo lurLher block unwanLed
solar heaL qain and conLrol qlare. OccupanLs can
open windows, as well, on Lhe curLain wall's inLe
rior skin Lo inLroduce more lresh air il Lhey desire.
Lumincus Iibrary
Civen all Lhe variables and componenLs, opLimizinq
Lhe perlormance ol a doubleskin lacade is noL as
sLraiqhLlorward as LhaL lor a sLandard curLainwall
assembly. Lnerqy modelinq ol a doubleskin curLain
wall involves noL only Lhermal analysis ol Lhe com
pleLe assembly, buL also analysis ol Lhe conLribuLion
ol dynamic componenLs, such as blinds and venLs,
explains Andrew Hall, a direcLor in Lhe London
ollice ol Arup. A doubleskin lacade "is noL a sLaLic
sysLem," he says. Hall's lirm served as lacade con
sulLanL lor Lhe new cenLral branch ol Lhe Cambridqe
Public Library, in Cambridqe, MassachuseLLs.
DespiLe Lhe inherenL complexiLies, Lhe library's
desiqners saw a doubleskin as Lhe perlecL solu
Lion lor Lhe buildinq's main lacade. 1hey desired
a LransparenL expression, buL a Lypical sinqle
wall curLain wall was impracLical because ol Lhe
souLhwesL exposure and Lhe associaLed heaL qain
and poLenLial lor qlare. "We wanLed Lhe buildinq Lo
1o supporL Lhe curLain wall, Lhe Leam devised
a lraminq sysLem LhaL was as minimal as possible
buL sLill able Lo wiLhsLand Lhe necessary loads.
1he sLrucLure includes 33 verLically orienLed
Vierendeel Lrusses spaced 5 leeL 6 inches aparL
and connecLed by caLwalk qrilles and sLeel anqles.
Because Lhe verLical Lrusses conLain no diaqonals
and because Lhe horizonLal members are placed
above or below occupanLs' siqhL lines, views
Lhrouqh Lhe lacade, even aL oblique anqles, are
relaLively unimpeded, explains Hall.
Sunshades wiLhin Lhe caviLy lor conLrollinq
direcL sunliqhL peneLraLion are always exLended and
are seL Lo one ol Lwo possible anqles, dependinq on
Lhe season or Lime ol day. BuL in keepinq wiLh Lhe
desiqn mandaLe lor unobsLrucLed views, Lhe shades
shield only Lhe upper porLion ol Lhe Lwo lloors be
hind Lhe curLain wall. 1he lirsL 8 leeL ol Lhese lloors
are insLead proLecLed by laminaLedqlass visors LhaL
pro|ecL lrom Lhe buildinq lace and have a sliqhL qray
LinL. "lL was imporLanL LhaL Lhey cuL Lhe Lransmission
ol liqhL buL sLill be read as qlass," explains Cayley.
1he producL ol all ol Lhese carelully consid
ered desiqn decisions is a crisply deLailed crysLal
line lacade opLimized lor iLs orienLaLion. "A double
skin is noL Lhe only way ol achievinq a qreen
lacade," says Arup's Hall. BuL, he adds, iL makes
sense where dayliqhLinq, proLecLed shadinq, and
Lransparency are desired. N
be welcominq lrom Lhe ouLside, luminous aL niqhL,
and noL inLimidaLinq," says Clillord Cayley, a prin
cipal aL BosLonbased William Rawn AssociaLes,
Lhe pro|ecL's lead archiLecL. ln addiLion, Lhe archi
LecLs souqhL Lo esLablish a relaLionship beLween
Lhe library's inLerior and Lhe ^acre ciLy park LhaL
surrounds iL. And Lhey hoped Lo avoid dwarlinq
Lhe much smaller oriqinal library a laLe9Lh
cenLury masonry buildinq by Van BrunL & Howe
resLored as parL ol Lhe $70 million pro|ecL. 1he
new, 76,700squarelooL sLrucLure is connecLed
Lo Lhe 27,200squarelooL hisLoric buildinq, qua
druplinq Lhe size ol Lhe library.
1he Leam developed a doublewall assembly,
80 leeL lonq and ^2 leeL Lall, wiLh an ouLer skin ol

/2inch Lempered lowiron qlass and an inner, Lher

mally broken skin ol inch lCUs. 1he Lwo layers de
line a 3looLwide, LwosLory caviLy LhaL serves as
a Lhermal llue: Dependinq on Lhe season, louvers
aL Lhe Lop and boLLom ol Lhe wall can be opened or
closed, Lo venL or Lo warm Lhe air wiLhin.
Because Lhe connecLion beLween indoors and
ouL was such an imporLanL parL ol Lhe concepL,
Lhe pro|ecL Leam worked hard Lo limiL Lhe visual
obsLrucLions beLween Lhe library inLerior and Lhe
park. 1heir lirsL move was Lo canLilever Lhe sLrip ol
lloor slab immediaLely behind Lhe double skin lrom
a row ol columns 5 leeL away, creaLinq a zone lree
ol larqe verLical elemenLs aL Lhe buildinq's edqe.
0 :<L JULY 200 DOUBLLSKlN CUR1AlN WALLS
F I N E A R C H I T E C T U R A L H A R DWA R E F OR YOU R F I N E F U R N I T U R E
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CIRCLE 38
( Which quaIifies as a dcubIe-skin facade?
A a doubleqlazed, arqonlilled lCU
B an assembly ol Lwo qlass skins delininq a venLilaLed
caviLy
C boLh a and b
D neiLher a nor b
) Which cf the fcIIcwin is true?
A a doubleskin lacade musL have an air caviLy aL leasL
3 leeL wide
B a doubleskin lacade musL be mechanically venLilaLed
C a doubleskin lacade is only appropriaLe lor buildinqs
in mild climaLes
D none ol Lhe above
* Which cf the fcIIcwin reardin the KfW pressure rin
facade is faIse?
A iL was desiqned Lo maximize cross venLilaLion
B iL was desiqned Lo Lake advanLaqe ol prevailinq winds
C iL should exLend Lhe number ol days each year Lhe
buildinq can operaLe wiLhouL mechanical venLilaLion
D none ol Lhe above
+ When is the KfW buiIdin expected tc cperate in
naturaI ventiIaticn mcde?
A all year lonq
B durinq Lhe summer
C durinq Lhe winLer
D durinq much ol Lhe sprinq and lall
, The caI cf the KfW pressure rin is tc create which
kind cf ccnditicn within its cavity?
A a consisLenL zone ol pressure surroundinq Lhe inner skin
B a zone ol neqaLive pressure aL Lhe windward end ol
Lhe buildinq
C a zone ol neqaLive pressure aL Lhe leeward end ol Lhe
buildinq
D none ol Lhe above
- Which cf the fcIIcwin reardin the cuter skin cf the
Manitcba Hydrc cffice bIccks is true?
A iLs lowL coaLinq rellecLs more solar radiaLion Lhan
LhaL on Lhe inner skin
B iLs lowL coaLinq rellecLs less solar radiaLion Lhan LhaL
on Lhe inner skin
C iLs lowL coaLinq rellecLs Lhe same amounL ol solar
radiaLion as LhaL on Lhe inner skin
D iL has no lowL coaLinq
. Befcre cutdccr air is deIivered tc the Manitcba Hydrc
cffice areas, where it is preccnditicned?
A in Lhe solar chimney
B in Lhe daLa cenLer
C in Lhe winLer qardens
D in Lhe underlloor displacemenL venLilaLion sysLem
/ The water features at Manitcba Hydrc serve which
purpcse?
A Lhey are ornamenLal only
B Lhey humidily Lhe air in summer
C Lhey humidily Lhe air in winLer
D Lhey dehumidily Lhe air in winLer
0 Which cf the fcIIcwin heIped Iimit visuaI cbstructicns
between the Cambride PubIic Library's intericr and
its surrcundin park?
A canLileverinq ol lloor slabs
B placemenL ol horizonLal curLainwall sLrucLural
elemenLs above and below siqhL lines
C eliminaLion ol diaqonals lrom Lhe curLainwall sLrucLure
D all ol Lhe above
(' McdeIin a dcubIe-skin facade incIudes which kind cf
evaIuaticn?
A a Lhermal analysis ol Lhe compleLe doubleskin assembly
B an analysis ol Lhe conLribuLion ol dynamic componenLs
C boLh a and b
D neiLher a nor b
710EDIT
Prcram titIe
"More 1han Skin Deep,"
8I:?@K<:KLI8C I<:FI;,
07/0, paqe 02.
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The American Institute of Architects celebrates outstanding architectural work that elevates
the quality of architecture practice and informs the public of its breadth and value.
For more information or to submit an entry for the 2011 Institute Honor Awards,
visit www.aia.org/practicing/awards. Submission Deadline: August 27, 2010.
Hajj Terminal, King Abdul Aziz International Airport, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 2010 AIA National Twenty-Five Year Award recipient;
architect: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP; photo: Jay Langlois/Owens Corning Fiberglas
T H E A M E R I C A N I N S T I T U T E O F A R C H I T E C T S
A R C H I T E C T U R E | I N T E R I O R A R C H I T E C T U R E | R E G I O N A L & U R B A N D E S I G N | T W E N T Y - F I V E Y E A R A W A R D
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rchitectural metals are used widely in commercial,
institutional, and industrial buildings. In order to meet the
variety of design conditions in these different building
types, architects in the US have often turned to some rather energy
intensive metal choices such as aluminum, copper, painted steel, and
stainless steel. However, the use of zinc as an architectural metal of
choice is gaining popularity in this country and catching up with its
widespread and long term use in other parts of the world. Parts of
Asia and Europe in particular have used zinc as a building envelope
material for generations. Americans are recognizing not only the
historical long term durability of zinc but the recent growth in its
use in the US is based in part on the recognition of the green and
sustainability attributes that it can contribute to a building design.
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In reviewing any building material, it is always appropriate to start
with a basic understanding of key characteristics of that material
which are summarized below for zinc:
Natural prevalence: Zinc is a very natural and significant mineral
that is prevalent throughout the world. In fact, it is reported to
be the 23rd most abundant element in the earths crust found not
only in rocks, soil, air and water, but also in all living organisms
including plants, animals, and humans. As a human nutrient, it
contributes to normal growth processes and it has been shown that
a lack of zinc in human diets is a significant cause of childhood
disease and mortality, particularly in underdeveloped countries.
Zinc is used in fertilizers to enrich agricultural soils and increase
yields yet it is this very ability to mix and link with other elements
in soils that keeps it at safe levels for human exposure.
Available supply: Zinc is mined worldwide predominantly from
extraction processes that avoid strip mining meaning that less land
is disturbed and any potential environmental damage is minimized.
Various projections have been made about the worldwide supply
of zinc, but current estimates go up to 750 years worth of supply
at current extraction levels. When re-cycling and re-use of zinc is
considered, the projections are even longer.
Processing: There appear to be fewer zinc processing plants
than other types of metal processing plants around the world
however, these zinc processing plants are reputed to meet current
and projected demand. The environmental air emissions produced
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Use Ihe learning ob|ecIives below Io Iocus your sIudy as you read
:INC 4HE 3USTAINABLE #HOICE AMONG !RCHITECTURAL -ETALS. 1o earn
one AlA/CLS Learning UniI, including one hour oI healIh saIeIy welIare
crediI and susIainable design, answer Ihe quesIions on page ), Ihen Iollow
Ihe reporIing insIrucIions or go Io CEARCHITECTURALRECORDCOM and Iollow Ihe
reporIing insIrucIions.
,EARNING /BJECTIVES
!FTER READING THIS ARTICLE YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO
DiIIerenIiaIe among basic qualiIies oI zinc as a building maIerial compared Io
oIher archiIecIural meIals.
Analyze and assess Ihe mulIiple qualiIies oI zinc IhaI can conIribuIe Io green and
susIainable building design.
Lxamine Ihe diIIerenI applicaIions oI exIerior zinc wall panel sysIems including
green building applicaIions.
Lxplore Ihe liIe cycle benehIs oI zinc roohng among common applicaIions.
113
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Zinc: The Sustainable Choice among Architectural Metals
Specifying zinc metal panels contributes to overall building design, longevity,
life cycle benefits and sustainability.
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from zinc processing at these plants are minimized due to the use
of up to date equipment and emission abatement processes during
smelting. But quite significantly, zinc requires less energy to process
due to its relatively lower melting point of 786 F (419 C) compared
to other metals like aluminum at 1120 F (660 C), copper at 1983 F
(1084 C), and steel at 2372 F (1300 C).
Durability: Since zinc is a non-ferrous metal, it is not subject
to the rust and corrosion found in iron, steel, and other ferrous
materials. According to the International Zinc Associations Zinc
for Life program, Zinc material requires little maintenance over
its service life; its (natural) patina constantly renews itself as
it weathers and ages and will heal over scratches and
imperfections, requiring no touch-up or repainting. Because the
metal is uncoated, there is no possibility of the fading, chipping
or peeling that otherwise needs recurrent attention. A single zinc
roof, with a lifespan of 80 to 100 years may well outlast the build-
ing it has been sheltering. It should be noted that wall panels
using zinc, without the environmental rigors of roofing applica-
tions, may have service lives of 200 to 300 years, depending on
the product used and local conditions.
Coloration or patina: The key to the extraordinary durability of
zinc roofs and facades, and its beauty over time, is the ability of zinc
metal to develop a natural protective patina. Again according to the
International Zinc Association, Just as copper ages from orange
to green, zinc over time develops its distinctive patina, going from
shiny silver to matte gray (depending on the precise alloy, other
colors and finishes are also possible). In contact with the water,
oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules in the atmosphere, the surface
forms a closely adhering protective layer of zinc carbonate, which
is insoluble in rainwater and will hinder any further exchanges
between oxygen and zinc, thereby protecting the zinc from further
corrosion. Zinc continues to renew this protective layer throughout
its life, although the heaviest formation is usually complete in about
five years, and will self-repair any imperfections or scratches. It
should be noted, too, that some manufacturers of zinc products
provide a complete color management system that allows for a
pre-patination to occur giving greater control over the color of
the installed product initially and over time. In addition, the patina
process means that architectural zinc panels can be perforated with
any number of patterns without worry about rust and usually at a
dramatic cost savings compared to treated steel and other mesh
and expanded options on the market.
Common construction uses: Zinc is commonly used as a stand-
alone metal product or in combination with other metals for a
variety of uses that you are probably already familiar with:
P Zinc is mixed with copper to form brass
P Zinc is the primary metal used to galvanize steel, causing a
chemical reaction that protects the steel from rust and corrosion
P Rolled and sheet zinc is fabricated into interior and exterior wall
panel products for both decorative and functional purposes
P Rolled zinc is fabricated into standing seam and other types of
metal roofing products
P Metal flashings and roof accessories are fabricated from zinc as
an alternative to copper and other metals
P Historical building ornaments such as metal finials, vanes,
campaniles, dormers, etc. can all be fabricated out of zinc
P Rainwater collection gutters and downspouts made from zinc
are an alternative to other metals
P Zinc is used in batteries and recently in fuel cells for alternative
energy solutions
Standards: Products manufactured out of zinc are subject to strict
standards that determine the quality and purity of the material
since most of what we refer to as zinc metal is in fact an alloy
containing well over 99 percent zinc mixed with trace amounts
of copper, titanium, and aluminum. ASTM B6 - 09 Standard
Specification for Zinc covers zinc metal made from ore or
other material by a process of distillation or by electrolysis in
five grades: LME grade (related to the London Metal Exchange
standards), special high grade, high grade, intermediate grade,
and prime western grade. Under this standard, the zinc metal is
tested to conform to chemical composition requirements free
of any surface corrosion and adhering foreign matter. The most
common building related standard for products then manufactured
out of zinc metal is ASTM B69-09 Standard Specification for
Rolled Zinc. This standard covers Type I coils or sheets cut from
114
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strip rolled zinc, and Type II zinc plates such as boiler and hull
plates produced by any rolling method. This standard tests for
chemical composition, tensile properties, and hardness. In Europe,
zinc must meet similar stringent testing requirement under EN988
which also dictates the specific zinc material characteristics to be
used in building products.
These characteristics and others of zinc have contributed to
its widespread use around the world for centuries. In fact, the use
of zinc as a building material can be traced back to the 1st Century
ruins of Pompeii and even earlier. Zinc roofing in Europe has been
used extensively since the 13th century as evidenced by the fact
that approximately 85 percent of the current rooftops in Paris are
made from zinc. With this long history of use, the knowledge base
about zinc as a sustainable and durable building product are well
documented and readily known.
In addition to the strong historical track record of zinc,
architects should also be aware that there are some emerging trends
and practices of companies that manufacture zinc building products
that will make it easier to specify and design zinc into buildings in
the US. First is the offering of material in 48-inch-wide products
instead of only the previously available meter wide material. This
coordination with American standard construction sizes will make
it easier to design and install zinc wall and roofing products at
new scales and with more economical installation. Second is the
expanding range of color choices offered by some manufacturers.
While maintaining the positive durability effects of the zinc patina,
some products can be color managed through a pre-patina process
meaning that the material will arrive onsite already showing some of
its patination and coloring ahead of typical time frames. Third, is a
global approach to the fabrication and service for a specific product.
This means that a product can be specified in the US for a project
in Europe, China, or the Middle East and have exactly the same
make up and characteristics in any of those locations. Finally, zinc
is being used innovatively to improve building performance such
as rainscreen products that harness air flow in parts of the building
envelope for enhanced heating, cooling, and ventilation. Coupling all
of this with a growing awareness of an envelope that meets a strong
and positive life cycle cost analysis, architects and designers are
becoming increasingly savvy in making long term choices that allow
for both contemporary and traditional aesthetics, even allowing a
seamless flow from roofing to walls in some cases.
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According to the May 2008 issue of MetalMag, the trade journal
for processed metals, As the building industry migrates toward
green practices, zinc will continue to play an increasingly
important role in the development of truly sustainable buildings. This
statement is readily backed up by a number of observable sustainable
qualities of zinc products including a life expectancy of more than 100
years, a lower environmental foot print than competing materials,
little or no maintenance over the life-time of the product and no
replacement required over the life-time of building. More specifically,
the following traits of these materials that readily contribute to
green building design have been identified by the International Zinc
Association and several manufacturers:
Life Cycle Analysis: The long term service life implication
of buildings has received more attention in recent years,
particularly during the current process of developing the
International Green Construction Code (IGCC). Among the
provisions of the current Public Version 1.0, Chapter 5 of this
emerging standard addresses Material Resource Conservation and
Efficiency and calls for a Building Service Life Plan to be included
in the construction documents for the project and provides detailed
requirements for the plan. Of particular note is the identification
of 100-year and 200-year service life elements. The long life
expectancy of zinc will readily support this requirement.
Separate from requirements of codes and standards, many clients
look for very positive Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) studies on
building material and product choices as well. The International
Zinc Institute has used LCA as a standardized scientific method for
systematic analysis of all mass and energy flows as well as environ-
mental impacts attributed to a product system, from raw materials
acquisition to end-of-life management. The terms cradle to grave,
cradle to cradle and total cost of ownership describe this overall
full life cycle concept of materials. Reviews of LCA studies are not
only a matter of simple longevity, but also of the costs necessary in
maintaining a material throughout its service life. To take roofs as an
example, in a 2004 study conducted by Ducker International, owners
and property managers reported performing little or no maintenance
on their metal roofs (to be fair, the study included all types of metal
roofs, not just zinc). A comparison of maintenance costs over the
life of the roof for metal versus asphalt and single-ply membranes
showed that owners of metal roofs spent approximately 3 percent
of total installed costs on maintenance, versus 28 percent for asphalt
and 10 percent for single-ply membranes. More specific studies
comparing zinc roofing to other long lasting roofing materials have
0HOTOS COURTESY OF 6- :INC 53!
4HIRD 3TREET ,OFTS IN 3AN &RANCISCO #! USES ZINC FOR CONTINUOUS ROOF
AND WALL PANELS
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shown that, when including a credit for recycling of material at the
end of its useful life, zinc has a noticeably smaller environmental
footprint and a more favorable life cycle result than aluminum,
copper, stainless steel, or cement tiles.
Reducing embodied energy in materials: Zinc production
is friendlier to the environment than other metals through its
comparatively low embodied energy. Embodied energy includes
the total amount of non-renewable energy needed to create one
unit of a finished product, including raw material extraction,
transport, manufacturing, assembly and installation, and in detailed
calculations, to maintain it during its useful life and dispose of
afterwards. Among the non-ferrous metals used in building, zinc has
the lowest embodied energy. It is the least energy intensive to produce,
requiring one fourth the energy of aluminum, and one third that of
copper or stainless steel. Zinc is less energy intensive to extract than
many other metals, and requires lower heat and therefore less energy
to process. A complete embodied energy balance sheet must also take
into account the energy value of labor to repair or remove old systems
such as asphalt roofs, the energy cost of the replacement materials,
the energy used in transportation of materials on each occasion, and
impacts at landfills. Use of a longer lasting material such as zinc elimi-
nates the cost and embodied energy of such removal or repairs of other
roofing systems with shorter service lives. By contrast, at the end of
the service life of zinc, an estimated 95 percent of the energy content
embodied in a zinc product is conserved during recycling meaning
that significantly less energy is used to produce zinc building products
when recycled material is used instead of mining and processing
new ore.
Selecting materials with recycled content: Very few common
building materials, including those considered to have low
embodied energy, can match the recyclability of zinc material.
Architectural-grade zinc must be very pure, and so it contains
higher percentages of pure ore than industrial-grade zinc.
However, once the pure architectural alloy has been created, it can be
recovered and reprocessed for use in new architectural products.
Some current zinc product manufacturers achieve very high levels
of this recycled content in their architectural zinc, over 45 percent,
almost all of which is post- consumer content. Specifying recycled
content in zinc products is very realistic and achievable as a result.
Ability to recover and recycle at end of useful life: Removal and
disposal of typical building materials can be a complex and costly
job, and the resulting debris may have low or no value ending up
in a landfill producing the associated costs for freight and disposal
plus the long-term cost to the environment. However, of the millions
of tons of discarded building materials taken to landfills every
year, there is hardly a scrap of architectural zinc. This is because
metallic zinc can be recycled indefinitely without loss of its
chemical or physical properties. This theoretically infinite
recyclability is, in fact, being approached in reality in the case of
zinc used in buildings. The overall recycling rate for architectural
zinc recovered from renovations and removal from old building
is over 90 percent in some countries because of its high value. In
Europe, buildings whose zinc parts outlasted them are numerous
yet virtually no zinc on a building ever goes to a landfill. Recycling
of zinc is a well-established industry because products can be
recovered easily at the end of their life and there is an extensive
network of buyers offering advantageous prices.
#ONTINUES AT CEARCHITECTURALRECORDCOM
Peter J. Arsenault, FAIA, NCARB, LEED-AP is an architect
and green building consultant based in New York State focused on
sustainable design and practice solutions nationwide. He can be
reached at www.linkedin.com/in/pjaarch
116
Educational - Advertisement
3EE 1UIZ ON THE .EXT 0AGE
4AKE THE 1UIZ &REE /NLINE
OR
0HOTOS COURTESY OF 6- :INC 53!
ZINC COPPER ALUMINIUM
ENERGY
From ore to metal From recycled material to metal
203
(3)
105
(3)
50
(1)
50
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100
250
12
(2)
43
18
200
150
MJ/kg
%MBODIED ENERGY IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF ARCHITECTURAL METALS
4HE ABILITY TO RECYCLE AND REUSE ZINC AT THE END OF THE SERVICE LIFE OF A
BUILDING
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To receive AIA/CES credit, you are required to read the entire article and pass the test. Go to ce.architecturalrecord.com for complete text and to take the test.
The quiz questions below include information from this online reading.
Program title: Zinc: The Sustainable Choice among Architectural Metals (07/10, page 113). AIA/CES Credit: This article will earn you one AIA/CES LU hour of health, safety, and
welfare/sustainable design (HSW/SD) credit. (Valid for credit through July 2012). Directions: Refer to the Learning Objectives for this program. Select one answer for each question in the exam
and fll in the box by the appropriate letter. A minimum score oI 80 is required to earn credit. To take this test online and avoid handling charge, go to ce.architecturalrecord.com
1. Zinc is not subject to rust and corrosion because it is:
a. a natural material.
b. denser than other metals.
c. processed at a lower melting point.
d. a non-ferrous material.
2. Among the emerging trends in the zinc industry, one that is making it easier to
specify zinc products in the US is:
a. ASTM standards for zinc products.
b. global manufacturing.
c. standardization to 48-inch panels instead of only meter-wide panels.
d. world wide web based information.
3. The protective patina of zinc is usually complete in about hve years although it
will continue to renew itself throughout its life and self-repair any imperfections
or scratches:
a. True
b. False
4. Common zinc building products include:
a. interior and exterior wall panel products for both decorative and functional purposes.
b. standing seam and other types oI metal roofng products.
c. metal fashings and rooI accessories.
d. All of the above
5. The architectural metal with the least embodied energy content is:
a. aluminum.
b. zinc.
c. copper.
d. stainless steel
6. In addition to maintenance costs, Life Cycle Analysis is fundamentally dependent on:
a. the source of the material.
b. the ownership of the building.
c. the longevity or service life of a material or system.
d. the code requirements related to service life.
7. It is possible to specify recycled zinc content in architectural zinc panels of 45 percent
or more.
a. True
b. False
8. Because zinc is both valuable and recyclable, what percentage is typically recycled
during demolition and remodeling projects?
a. 50 percent
b. 75 percent
c. 80 percent
d. 90 percent
9. Metal rain screen wall panels offer a distinct design feature from other rain screen
systems in that they have:
a. ventilation behind the cladding.
b. interlocking grooves giving the appearance of a recessed joint.
c. pressure-equalized systems.
d. the ability to be used on new or renovation projects.
10. Zinc roofing panels are suitable for:
a. roof slopes above 1:12.
b. straight roofng systems.
c. curved or Iolded roofng systems.
d. All of the above
Last First
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Those who pass with a score oI 80 or higher will receive a certifcate oI completion.
Material resources used: This article addresses issues concerning health, safety and welfare,
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I hereby certify that the above information is true and accurate to the best of my
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117
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n response to a new environmental consciousness, more
homeowners are choosing to buy and install appliances that
reflect their eco-friendly attitude. Clients are turning to design
professionals for guidance and advice as to what will work the best
for their lifestyles. They want design professionals to tell them how
to find the best ways to show their social responsibility in their
homes. In his keynote address to the 2010 AIA Convention in Miami,
Florida, author Daniel Pink urged architects to develop a clientele that
understands how utility can be combined with significance. He believes
that successful professionals can give the world something they dont
know is missing and that includes things that can solve problems on
a large, social and global scale like climate change, energy saving and
water conservation.
According to Gunnar Baldwin, a Water Efficiency Specialist
at TOTO, Conspicuous consumption is being replaced by
conspicuous conservation. Especially in higher-end renovations and
new construction, more clients are willing to spend money to save
energy and water. In fact, if appliances were purchased prior to
the turn of this century, this conscious attitude toward sustainability
also saves money because of new technology that has substantially
decreased operational inefficiencies. Manufacturers have also
created programs that recycle and/or refurbish the old appliance
when it is discarded, to avoid additional waste in landfills as an
unintended consequence of purchasing a new appliance. Whats in
vogue now is also the right way to design a sustainable home.
As the population ages, consumers have a new awareness
of universal and inclusive design for all ages and abilities. As
pointed out by Valerie Fletcher of the Institute for Human Centered
Design, Design powerfully and profoundly influences us and our
sense of confidence, comfort, and control. Variation in ability is
ordinary, not special, and affects most of us for at least part of our
#/.4).5).' %$5#!4)/.
Use Ihe learning ob|ecIives below Io Iocus your sIudy as you read
)NNOVATIONS IN 3MART 5NIVERSAL %NERGYEFCIENT AND 7ATERSAVING
(OME !PPLIANCES. 1o earn one AlA/CLS Learning UniI, including one hour
oI healIh saIeIy welIare crediI and susIainable design, answer Ihe quesIions on
page , Ihen Iollow Ihe reporIing insIrucIions or go Io CEARCHITECTURALRECORDCOM
and Iollow Ihe reporIing insIrucIions.
,EARNING /BJECTIVES
!FTER READING THIS ARTICLE YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO
Discuss new appliance choices Ior Ihe kiIchen, baIh and laundry IhaI maximize
conservaIion oI waIer and energy savings.
lnIegraIe universal design in Ihe selecIion oI home appliances as cenIral Io
socially susIainable design principles.
LisI cerIihcaIions and sIandards such as LNLkG S1Ak and Ihe WaIerSense
label Io provide guidance and inIerpreIaIion oI Ihese labels Io clienIs.
Discuss Ihe advanIages oI smarI conIrols, and Ihe smarI grid, Ior IuIure
energy savings.
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Design proIessionals are responding Io homeowner demands by creaIing mulIi-purpose spaces IhaI include waIer saving washers and dryers in Iheir
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lives. Understanding the impact of design on human behavior is a
sustainable choice one defined by the intersection of economic,
environmental and social design decisions. New appliance choices
can impact all three of these linked areas of sustainable design.
Plugging into the power and water infrastructure, millions
of households continue to have an effect on the capacity of an
aging utilities grid. To respond to this demand, manufacturers are
developing smart appliances that will talk to the national electric
supply Smart Grid, as well as provide consumer information that
would even amaze George Jetson. In a recent press release, Whirlpool
Corporation vice president, Dr. Henry Marcy, stated that Smart Grid
compliance is a critical step forward in creating a demand response
environment in which energy reduction is systematically controlled
across tens of thousands of homes at a time, providing automatic
energy reduction without any inconvenience to consumers.
This course will review state-of-the-art appliances, controllers
and fixtures that are helping to transform the modern kitchen and
bath, with a special emphasis on how these products will save energy
and water and provide accessibility for all ages and abilities.
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When determining an energy budget, the design professional
inventories all of the appliances as well as the mechanical systems
in the home. According to the Department of Energy (DOE), there
is a strong link between energy saving and water conservation. DOE
statistics show that:
8 percent oI the electricity used in the U.S. is Ior the delivery and
treatment of potable water.
The average home spends about $2,200 on energy bills every year.
Appliances use approximately 9 percent oI a home energy budget.
ReIrigeration accounts Ior 8 percent oI a home energy budget.
Manufacturers have developed new appliances that can reduce
those percentages to 10 50 percent less than standard models. In
renovating existing homes, an inventory of existing appliances can
begin to identify where savings are possible. In designing new homes,
architects can leap forward in energy-saving technology by choosing
new products that can be integrated into whole-house systems.
Indoor water use and a water budget for the home is typically
determined by the number of people in the home and the number
and types of fixtures. The EPA provides a simple calculator
1
for
homeowners who want to know how much water and dollars
they will save if they are replacing or purchasing fixtures with a
WaterSense label. In 2006, the EPA sponsored WaterSense as a
program that promotes water efficiency, protects the nations water
supply, educates consumers on water-efficient practices and labels
and certifies water-efficient products. The WaterSense label is an
important tool for designers who want to meet quantifiable water
targets. Products bearing the WaterSense label:
Are 20 percent more water eIIicient than average products
Realize water savings on a national level.
Provide measurable water savings results.
Achieve water eIIiciency through several technology options.
Are eIIectively diIIerentiated by the WaterSense label.
Obtain independent, third-party certiIication.
2
When individuals save water, each drop accumulates into
community savings as well as has an impact on climate change and
the emissions of greenhouse gases. The facts are astounding:
American public water supply and treatment Iacilities consume about
56 billion kilowatt-hours (kWh) per year enough electricity to
power more than 5 million homes for an entire year.
Ietting your Iaucet run Ior Iive minutes uses about as much energy
as letting a 60-watt light bulb stay on for 14 hours.
II one out oI every 100 American homes were retroIitted with
water-efficient fixtures, we could save about 100 million kWh
oI electricity per year avoiding 80,000 tons oI greenhouse
gas emissions. That is equivalent to removing nearly 15,000
automobiles from the road for one year.
II one percent oI American homes replaced their older, ineIIicient
toilets with WaterSense-labeled models, the country would save
more than 38 million kWh oI electricity enough to supply more
than 43,000 households electricity for one month.
3
New ENERGY STAR-qualiIied dishwashers use just 3-10 gallons
of water per cycle, compared to the average 30 gallons used when
washing dishes by hand.
Replacing a reIrigerator purchased in 1990 with a new ENERGY
STAR-qualiIied model would save enough energy to light the
average household for more than 4-1/2 months.
4
There are also many environmental benefits to conserving
water and many communities are strengthening their regulations in
order to protect their aquifers, and wastewater treatment facilities,
by reducing the amount of sewage. In fact, in the last census,
WaterSense estimates there are currently 222 million residential
120
Educational - Advertisement
0HOTOS COURTESY OF 4/4/
4OILET SEATS WITH BIDET FUNCTIONALITY ADDS ACCESSIBILITY WHILE ELIMINATING
THE NEED FOR A SEPARATE FIXTURE AND EXPENSIVE PLUMBING COSTS
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toilets in the United States. This estimate is based on an assumed
one-to-one ratio of toilets to bathrooms. In addition to the existing
stock, approximately 10 million new toilets are sold each year
for installation in new homes or replacement of aging fixtures
in existing homes. Residential toilets account Ior approximately
30 percent of indoor residential water use in the United States
equivalent to more than 2.1 trillion gallons of water consumed
each year.
5
In communities in California, Arizona and the Southwest,
the increasing scarcity of water sources from drought and
aquifer depletions has led to a rise in new mandates for water
efficiency. According to the EPA, Americans extract 3.7 trillion
gallons per year more than they return to the natural water
system to recharge aquifers and other water sources. In other
communities, where water is plentiful, an aging infrastructure
and a tight economy have caused budget policy makers to
review their water regulations. In the future, some communities
may begin to regulate the installation and retrofit of all new and
existing homes to require upgrades to high efficiency plumbing
fixtures.
According to the American Water Works Association,
daily water use in a single-family home can equal as much
as 69.3 gallons.
6
Reduce, reuse and recycle water through a
number of strategies to target a water budget for a typical home
that would be closer to 40 to 50 gallons.
4(% "!4(2//- 0,5-").' 02/$5#43 4(!4 3!6%
7!4%2 !.$ %.%2'9
By now most architects know the impact of the Energy Policy Act
legislation (EPAct) initiated in 1992 that mandated changes in common
household equipment. According to this legislation all United States
plumbing products must meet the following standards:
Toilets 1.6 gallons per Ilush (gpI)
Urinal 1.0 gpI
Faucets 2.2 gallons per minute (gpm)
Showerheads 2.5 gpm
To put this into perspective, pre-EPAct toilets flushed
at 5 gpf, sending potable water into many already challenged
community sewage systems. This was one oI the many major
factors in creating this new legislation. As the flushing
mechanisms changed, so did the science of how the fixtures were
designed. Manufacturers began to use computer modeling to
design the china fixtures to optimize the hydraulic performance
of the bowls. A new super-smooth material development
in glazing using nanotechnology reduces mineral deposits
on the toilet bowl, allowing for easier cleaning. New testing
standards have been set by the American National Standards
Institute, (ANSI) that were the result of solid waste tests using
four different artificial pastes studying both drain line carry
and flushing performance. No matter what type of toilet the
design professional is choosing, a well-designed toilet will
have been tested and will be WaterSense-labeled. This is one
piece of equipment that is rarely replaced in a home and should
not be hard to clean or difficult to flush properly. Durable,
low maintenance, high quality and good performance are as
important as appearance and when the professional specifies
a Water Sense labeled toilet, there is a guarantee that this will
mean third-party certification of the product.
5SE 'ALLONS PER #APITA
0ERCENTAGE OF 4OTAL
$AILY 5SE
Showers II.6 6.8 percenI
CloIhes Washers IS.0 2I.7 percenI
Dishwashers I.0 I.4 percenI
1oileIs I8.S 26.7 percenI
8aIhs I.2 I.7 percenI
Leaks 9.S I3.7 percenI
lauceIs I0.9 IS.7 percenI
OIher DomesIic Uses I.6 2.2 percenI
1imeline oI waIer regulaIions
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Toilets: HET, Dual-flush and Bidets
New high-efficient toilets or HETs must use 20 percent less water than
the current federal standard of 1.6 gpf,saving over 4,000 gallons of
water per year. All HETs are the WaterSense-labeled and as such meet
the standards of a third-party testing agency. HETs can be single-flush
or dual-flush but all HETs must meet the following criteria:
Single-Ilush toilet must use 1.28 gpI or less;
Dual-Ilush toilets must have a Iull Ilush no more than 1.6 gpI and
a reduced flush no more than 1.1 gpf. Field studies indicate that in
actual use such toilets will Ilush 1.28 gpI or less, on average.
When it comes to selecting environmentally friendly bathroom
fixtures, dual-flush toilets are a popular choice. Users can select one
button for the liquid flush and one for solid waste flush. Water use
can be greatly reduced by choosing a dual-flush toilet that selectively
provide a short or long flush depending on the use.
A common fixture in Europe, bidets are another type of toilet
system becoming more popular in the U.S. as a choice for both water
saving and ease of use for those with special needs. Todays most
advanced bidets are toilet seats that have warm water sprays, heated
seats and even built-in dryers. Seats can be added to almost any
fixture and designers must include electrical outlets as part of the
installation specification.
Faucets and showers
As an alternative to the bathtub, showers were popularized in the
nineteenth century as means to consume less water, less space, less
time, and require Iewer repairs. AIter 1992, aerators or lamina-
tors were required to be added to restrict the flow of water and
sometimes were placed on existing fixtures solely for the time of
the building inspection, quickly removed by the owner in order to
provide better water flow while washing and bathing.
The daily shower accounts for nearly 17 percent of
residential water use or approximately 30 gallons per day.
As of April 16, 2010, the EPA revised its new high efficiency
showerhead specification to 2.0gpm in order to gain certification
by its WaterSense labeling program. Exceeding even this new
specification, some manufacturers have provided showerheads and
hand-held showers that use no more than 1.75 gpm, a 30percent
savings over the EPACT mandates. They have optimized shower
system spray channel sizes and hydraulic efficiency to ensure
shower power.
Controlling the flow of hot water contributes to the savings
of both water and energy. Thermostatic mixing valves made with
shape-memory alloys can respond to heat faster than older, wax-
type valves. Nickel and titanium alloy coils expand and contract
quickly to regulate water temperature more effectively. This
shape-memory alloy technology removes the fear of scalding and
drastic changes in water temperature from pressure drops from
the use of other plumbing in the home. It also suppresses the
water hammer at the end of a shower the banging of plumbing
pipes that results when water rushing through pipes is brought to
a quick halt.
4(% +)4#(%. %.%2'9%&&)#)%.4 -%!,3
Cool induction cooktops
For the greenest cooks, the induction cooktop may be the best
solution for safe, effective cooking. An alternating current is sent
through wires in a smooth glass cooktop to create a magnetic field.
This current transfers electromagnetic waves directly to iron or steel
pans that can heat Iood with lightning-Iast speed. Iearning to cook
on an induction cooktop may take some adjustments, but the 90
percent energy rating by the EPA may well provide the incentive
for the switch. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, the
eIIiciency oI energy transIer Ior an induction cooktop is 90percent,
versus 71 percent for a smooth-top non-induction electrical unit, an
approximate 20 percent saving in energy for the same amount of
heat transfer. According to the new U. S. Green Building Green
Home Guide, induction cooktops are a safe and reliable alternative
to natural gas and one that does not reduce indoor air quality.
7
These
cooktops can be placed at counter height above a ten inch cabinet
frame, leaving space for either wheelchair access or kitchen storage
below its surface.
The National Green Building Standard, ICC700-2008,
is the first national standard or program to recognize the energy
efficiency of induction cooktops.
#ONTINUES AT CEARCHITECTURALRECORDCOM
122
Educational - Advertisement
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CIRCLE 47
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To receive AIA/CES credit, you are required to read the entire article and pass the test. Go to ce.architecturalrecord.com for complete text and to take the test.
The quiz questions below include information from this online reading.
Program title: ~Innovations in Smart, Universal, Energy-efhcient and Water-saving Home Appliances (07/10, page 119). AIA/CES Credit: This article will earn you one AIA/CES
IU hour oI health, saIety, and welIare/sustainable design (HSW/SD) credit. (Valid Ior credit through July 2012). Directions: ReIer to the Iearning Objectives Ior this program. Select one
answer Ior each question in the exam and fll in the box by the appropriate letter. A minimum score oI 80 is required to earn credit. To take this test online and avoid handling charge,
go to ce.architecturalrecord.com
1. According to the Department of Energy (DOE), There is a strong link between
energy saving and water conservation.
a. True
b. False
2. Most current plumbing standards are based on The Energy Policy Act (EPAct
enacted in:
a. 1972.
b. 1982.
c. 1992.
d. 2002.
3. A High Efhciency Toilet should:
a. fush at 1.28 gpI or less.
b. meet the EPA WaterSense Iabel.
c. be certifed by a third party testing agency.
d. meet all of the above standards.
4. Thermostatic mixing valves use what new technology?
a. Shape memory alloys
b. Motion detectors
c. Timers
d. Water power
5. Induction cooktops work using:
a. natural gas.
b. Halogen.
c. electro-magnetic waves.
d. glass pans.
6. Duct-free downdraft ventilation systems
a. use powerIul flters.
b. can only be used with electric cooktops.
c. can only be used with gas cooktops.
d. are hard to clean.
7. ENERGY STAR-labeled refrigerators can reduce energy bills by what percent as
compared to non-ENERGY STAR-labeled refrigerators?
a. 10 percent
b. 20 percent
c. 30 percent
d. 40 percent
8. New energy saving features on dishwashers include:
a. soil sensors.
b. cycle selectors.
c. no heat dry.
d. All of the above
9. Toilet installations with universal design principals may include:
a. 15-inch seat heights.
b. an electric outlet.
c. insulation.
d. adjacent heated towel bars.
10. Digital technology will allow consumers to save money by:
a. delaying appliance use to off-peak hours.
b. scheduling maintenance.
c. connecting to ENERGY STAR.
d. connecting household equipment.
Last First
Name Name
Job Title
Firm Name
Address
City State Zip
Tel. Fax
E-mail
AIA ID Number Completion date (M/D/Y)
Check one: $10 Payment enclosed. (Make check payable to McGraw-Hill Construction and mail to:
Continuing Education Certifcate, PO Box 5753, Harlan, IA 51593-1253.)
Charge Visa Mastercard American Express
Card#
Signature Exp. Date
For McGraw-Hill Construction customer service, call 877/876-8093.
Check below:
To register for AIA/CES credits: Answer the test questions and send the completed
form with questions answered to address at left, or fax to 888/385-1428.
For certihcate of completion: As required by certain states, answer test questions,
fll out Iorm, and mail to address at leIt, or Iax to 888/385-1428. Your test will be scored.
Those who pass with a score oI 80 or higher will receive a certifcate oI completion.
Material resources used: This article addresses issues concerning health, safety and welfare,
and sustainable design.
I hereby certify that the above information is true and accurate to the best of my
knowledge and that I have complied with the AIA Continuing Education Guidelines
for the reported period.
Signature Date
070SPONB
Educational - Advertisement
124
See Endnotes in online version of this course.
)NNOVATIONS IN 3MART 5NIVERSAL %NERGYEFCIENT
AND 7ATERSAVING (OME !PPLIANCES
ProducI keview
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producIs wiIh iIs unmaIched porIIolio - Whirlpool, KiIchenAid,
MayIag, !enn-Air and Amana brands.
1he company designed and builI Ihe hrsI Iop-loading cloIhes
washer specihcally designed Ior Ihe Lnergy SIar Program. Whirlpool
CorporaIion was awarded Iheir oIh Lnergy SIar Award in zoog.
hIIp://www.insideadvanIage.com
CIRCLE
4/4/
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CIRCLE
125
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CIRCLE 40 CIRCLE 39
E\n Xe[ LgZfd`e^
<o_`Y`k`fej
Su Pietra
Lecce, lLaly
Alcp ('# )'('AXelXip (,# )'((
1he exhibiLion locuses on SLeven Holl ArchiLecLs'
recenL pro|ecLs in China and Lurope. While
Lhe lirm's Chinese pro|ecLs Lhe HorizonLal
Skyscraper in Shenzhen, Linked Hybrid in Bei|inq,
and Lhe Nan|inq Museum ol ArL and ArchiLecLure
explore Lhe macro scale ol ciLies Lhrouqh Lhe
lens ol archiLecLure, iLs Luropean pro|ecLs show a
vision ol Lhe preservaLion ol naLural landscape. AL
Lhe CasLle ol Acaya. VisiL www.sLevenholl.com.
Fe^f`e^ <o_`Y`k`fej
Mind Ycur Behavicur: Hcw Architecture
Shapes Behavicur
Berlin
K_ifl^_ Alcp )0# )'('
1he Copenhaqenbased archiLecLural lirm 3XN
has a parLicular inLeresL in how archiLecLure
shapes behavior. 1his exhibiLion aL Aedes Am
Plellerberq will provide visiLors wiLh an exclusive
insiqhL inLo Lhe developmenL ol 3XN's pro|ecLs,
and how Lhe sLudio communicaLes spaLial qualiLies
Lhrouqh ambience, aLLenLion Lo deLail, choice ol
maLerials, and liqhL. VisiL www.aedesarc.de.
1:1 ~ Architects BuiId SmaII Spaces
London
K_ifl^_ 8l^ljk *'# )'('
1he VicLoria and AlberL Museum (V&A) is commis
sioninq a qroup ol inLernaLional archiLecLs Lo build
a series ol sLrucLures LhrouqhouL Lhe museum
LhaL will respond Lo Lhe Lheme ol Lhe "reLreaL."
One ol Lhe cenLral aims ol Lhe exhibiLion is Lo
move away lrom explaininq archiLecLure Lhrouqh
drawinqs and models and insLead allow Lhe visiLor
Lo experience Lhe archiLecLure iLsell. For more in
lormaLion on Lhe exhibiLion, visiL www.vam.ac.uk.
Risin Currents: Prcjects fcr New Ycrk's
Waterfrcnt
New York CiLy
K_ifl^_ 8l^ljk )'('
1his ma|or pro|ecL brinqs LoqeLher lour Leams ol
archiLecLs, enqineers, and landscape desiqners
Lo address and creaLe inlrasLrucLure soluLions Lo
make New York CiLy more resilienL in response Lo
risinq waLer levels and Lo proLecL ecosysLems. 1he
luLure ol New York's waLerlronLs has been idenLi
lied as one ol Lhe mosL urqenL challenqes Lhe na
Lion's larqesL ciLy laces, wiLh Lhe anLicipaLed rise in
sea levels due Lo climaLe chanqe. AL Lhe Museum
ol Modern ArL. VisiL www.moma.orq.
Senseware
Holon, lsrael
K_ifl^_ J\gk\dY\i +# )'('
1his exhibiLion aL Lhe Desiqn Museum Holon will
showcase advances in synLheLic liber Lechnoloqy
and Lhe luLure possibiliLies lor Japan's arLilicial
liber. On display will be Lhe commissioned work
ol 7 desiqners, arLisLs, and archiLecLs, includinq
Lhe work ol Japanese archiLecL Shiqeru Ban, who
has creaLed an ulLraliqhL chair LhaL uses 1LNAX
carbon liber. VisiL www.dmh.orq.il.
0ur Cities 0urseIves: The Future cf
Transpcrtaticn in Urban Life
New York CiLy
K_ifl^_ J\gk\dY\i ((# )'('
ln Lhis exhibiLion aL Lhe American lnsLiLuLe ol
ArchiLecLs CenLer, leadinq archiLecLs will show
how ciLies ol Lhe luLure can inLeqraLe urban plan
ninq wiLh LransporLaLion. WiLh Lwo billion people
expecLed Lo move inLo ciLies by 2030, Fli :`k`\j
Flij\cm\j proposes how buildinq ciLies around
people, noL cars, will improve urban lile. For more
inlormaLion, visiL www.ourciLiesourselves.orq.
()- ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD JULY 200
DATES & EVENTS
LEDtronics.com
The Future of Li ght. Today.
Des i gned i n US A | 8 0 0 . 5 7 9 . 4 8 7 5
CIRCLE 41
The Eurcpean Architecture Prize
;\X[c`e\1 8l^ljk (# )'('
1he Luropean ArchiLecLure Prize will be qiven
annually Lo any livinq archiLecL whose builL
work exemplilies Lhe hiqhesL ideals ol Luropean
civilizaLion and embodies vision, commiLmenL,
and a prolound respecL lor humaniLy and lor Lhe
social and physical environmenL. NominaLions
are encouraqed lrom archiLecLs in all naLions in
Lhe Luropean Union, as well as several nonL.U.
member sLaLes. For more inlormaLion,
visiL www.europeanarch.eu.
SH!FTbcstcn Mccn CapitaI Ccmpetiticn
;\X[c`e\1 J\gk\dY\i *# )'('
SHlF1bosLon seeks Lo collecL visions LhaL will
provoke LhouqhL on Lhe moon as a new desLina
Lion. 1his compeLiLion welcomes radical ideas lor
new lunar elemenLs such as rovers, qrowinq pods,
inllaLable sLrucLures, and lunar habiLaLs. For
more inlormaLion, visiL www.shilLbosLon.orq.
<$dX`c `e]fidXk`fe knf dfek_j `e X[mXeZ\ kf
i\Zfi[\m\ekj7dZ^iXn$_`cc%Zfd% =fi dfi\ c`jk`e^j#
m`j`k XiZ_`k\ZkliXci\Zfi[%Zfd&e\nj&\m\ekj%
C\Zkli\j# :fe]\i\eZ\j#
Xe[ Jpdgfj`X
Three Mcvements in Architecture:
Ccthic RevivaI
WashinqLon, D.C.
Alcp )+# )'('
Durinq Lhe mid9Lh cenLury, Lhe revival ol
medieval lorms ol archiLecLure poinLed arches,
Lracery, Lowers, and LurreLs sLood in conLrasL
Lo Lhe prevalenL Classicism ol Lhe Lime. 1his
lecLure aL Lhe NaLional Buildinq Museum explores
LhaL prolilic period in archiLecLural hisLory. For
more inlormaLion, visiL www.nbm.orq.
!nternaticnaI Urban Desin Ccnference ~
Desins cn 0ur Future
Canberra, AusLralia
8l^ljk *'J\gk\dY\i (# )'('
ReqisLraLion is now open lor Lhis conlerence LhaL
will locus on AusLralia's burqeoninq populaLion
pro|ecLed Lo increase by 60 percenL in Lhe nexL
^0 years and whaL impacL Lhis will have on
Lhe counLry's exisLinq ciLies. 1he conlerence
will also examine how new ciLies are conceived
and exisLinq ones are adapLed, redesiqned, and
manaqed. AL Lhe NaLional ConvenLion CenLre.
For more inlormaLion abouL Lhe conlerence,
visiL www.urbandesiqnausLralia.com.au.
AnnuaI Landscape Architecture Ccnventicn
WashinqLon, D.C.
J\gk\dY\i ('(*# )'('
1he larqesL annual qaLherinq ol landscape
archiLecLure prolessionals in Lhe world, Lhis
evenL aL Lhe WashinqLon, D.C., ConvenLion CenLer
will locus on Lhe Lheme "LarLh Air WaLer Fire
DLSlCN." ALLendees may choose lrom more Lhan
25 educaLion sessions Lo earn up Lo 2 proles
sional developmenL hours. More Lhan ^00
producL manulacLurers and service providers
will be leaLured in Lhe aLLendanL LXPO Lrade
show. For more inlormaLion, visiL www.asla.orq.
:fdg\k`k`fej
Urban S0S: Transfcrmaticns
;\X[c`e\1 Alcp *(# )'('
Urban SOS qives sLudenLs all over Lhe world Lhe
opporLuniLy lor real enqaqemenL wiLh issues
lacinq builL, naLural, and social environmenLs.
1his year's compeLiLion seeks creaLive, viable
proposals lor siLes in one ol seven ciLies:
Phoenix, Arizona, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Bei|inq,
China, PorL au Prince, HaiLi, lsLanbul, 1urkey, So
Paulo, Brazil, and Johannesburq, SouLh Alrica.
For more inlormaLion, visiL www.aoecom.com.
().

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&& Fiberweb Inc. I5
typar.com
&' Forestry Innovation Investment Ltd I7
naturallywood.com
&+ SAFTI Fire Rated Glass 24
safti.com
(+ Salsbury Industries I09
mailboxes.com
- Samsung Staron Surfaces 9
getstaron.com
)( Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. ccv3
simpsonstrongwall.com
Skyscraper Museum, The I33
skyscraper.org
Skyscraper Museum, The I07
skyscraper.org
'% Solomon Colors Inc. 33
solomoncolors.com
. Technical Glass Products I0, II
fireglass.com
+ The Sherwin-Williams Company 7
sherwin-williams.com
'+ The Travelers Companies Inc. 47
powdercoating.org/101
'- Timely 53
timelyframes/ar.com
)+!). Toto USA IIS,I25
totousa.com
)* Umicore Building Products II3,II4
USA Inc. II5,II6
vmzinc-us.com II7
, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. S
ul.com
') VT Industries, Inc. 42
vtindustries.com
(& Western Red Cedar I0I
Lumber Association
realcedar.org
),!)- Whirlpool Corporation I23,I25
whirlpool.com
'* Forms & Surfaces 44
forms-surfaces.com
&- Guardian SunGuard 29
sunguardglass.com
* HDI Railing Systems 6
hdirailings.com
(* Headwaters Resources I09
flyash.com
(% Holcim (US) Inc. 90
holcim.us
)% Hunza Lighting I25
hunzausa.com
&. INFOCOMM 3I
ctsforav.com
(. Kepco+ I25
kepcoplus.com
)& LEDtronics Inc. I26
ledtronics.com
)) Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. ccv4
lutron.com
&) MAPEI Corp. 20
mapei.us
McGraw-Hill Construction I35
construction.com
() Modern Fan Co, The I07
modernfan.com
' Oldcastle BuildingEnvelope 2,3
oldcastlebe.com
&* Pella Corporation 23
pellacommercial.com
'& PPG Industries, Inc. 34,35
ppgideascapes.com
(( Rejuvenation Inc. I07
rejuvenation.com
&, Rocky Mountain Hardware 27
rockymountainhardware.com
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Our annual Desiqn Vanquard issue each December leaLures a qroup ol 0 emerqinq archiLecLs lrom around
Lhe world. AlLhouqh we do noL have an aqe limiL, we Lry Lo selecL archiLecLs who have had Lheir own pracLices lor
less Lhan 0 years and are doinq innovaLive and provocaLive work. DLADLlNL: AuqusL , 200
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1he ediLors ol ARCHl1LC1URAL RLCORD are currenLly accepLinq submissions lor Lhe 200 ProducL ReporLs
review process. ManulacLurers are welcome Lo submiL new buildinq producLs lor Lhe December issue presenLinq
Lhe besL and mosL innovaLive ollerinqs available Lo archiLecLs, speciliers, and desiqners in 20.
A panel ol archiLecLs, desiqn prolessionals, and ediLors will selecL producLs lor publicaLion. 1here is no enLry lee.
For submission insLrucLions and Lo download Lhe enLry lorm visiL XiZ_`k\ZkliXci\Zfi[&ZXcc+\eki`\j%Zfd%
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Preduct AppIicatien:
Rotels, restaurants, conference rooms, schools,
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Candlewood Suites, various locations
walt 0isney world, 0rlando, FL
Perfermance Bata:
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Sloped ceilings up to 0K with available
accessory adapter
0ther blade nishes available
Integrated cw Mk16 halogen bulb
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monitors, manages, and reports on all building
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0eorgian College, 0ntario, Canada
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Schools, libraries, museums, galleries, etc.
Perfermance Bata:
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131
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\ wide range of commercial living wall systems and
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Living wall modules for complete coverage,
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Commercial trellis for green facade
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erment 5tructuraI 5Iate Cempany
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Preduct AppIicatien:
St. williams Rall - 8oston College
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Preduct AppIicatien:
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In-ll panels, railings, ceilings, privacy panels
Perfermance Bata:
Thousands of standard perforating patterns
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1echnicaI 0Iass Preducts
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for AIA RSw credit: "8urning Issues: understanding
Today's Fire-kated 0lass and Framing."
Preducts featured:
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family of re-rated glass ceramics

Pilkington Pyrostop

safety-rated glass rewalls

AIse centains:
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kecent code changes and how they impact design
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wood tiles: Ip and Massaranduba (FSC certied
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view. Suitable for indoor or outdoor, metal railings
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pots are 1cc% recyclable and are compatible with
both masonry and pre-engineered replaces.
Preduct AppIicatien:
0reat for custom and standard applications
Perfermance Bata:
Light weight, optimal performance
Made in uSA
Increases draft
Serviceable
www.coppershop.us
866..11 l Centact: Andy Preske | CircIe z66
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kangine CerperatienJkakks
\ kangine Corporation's counter support brackets
provide an easy-to-install alternative to full-height
laminated panels. Available in a range of sizes to sup-
port counters up to c in. deep, brackets install easily
into studs or blocking and can support loads up to
c lb. Less expensive than laminated supports, they
increase open space while improving handicapped
access and ergonomics. 8rackets can be ordered in
either surface- or ush-mounted congurations to
provide heavy-duty unobtrusive support.
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0
C0510M CAk0PlL5
CPl BayIighting lnc.
\ CPI Lite8row sun shades provide shelter while
allowing glare-free daylight into the area below.
Preduct AppIicatien:
Moanalua Center Lite8row sun-screen, Ronolulu, RI
Flexible modular applications
Suitable for green construction requiring LEE0
certication
Perfermance Bata:
Tested as new after 1c years of South Florida
exposure
Maintenance free
www.cpidaylighting.com
8;.816.1c6c l Centact: Talia vinograd | CircIez68
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$$ | 0
Bk 0LAZL 551LM l0k 0LA55 kAlLlk0
1he Wagner Cempanies
\ Panel0rip

provides a cost-effective alternative

for the installation of tempered glass panels.
Preduct AppIicatien:
The wagner Companies, Milwaukee, wI
Private residence, Milwaukee, wI
Perfermance Bata:
keduce labor costs up to 8c%-no special tools
required
keduce freight costs up to c%
www.panelgrip.com
888.z.61 | CircIez6y
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$$
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lAAC 05A
\ FAAC's famous Model cc heavy-duty hydraulic
swing operator is ideal for high-trafc applications.
Preduct AppIicatien:
Subdivisions, apartments, and busy commercial
settings
The cc is perfect for large, ornate gates
Perfermance Bata:
Mounted inside the gate, the cc allows the gate
to open to the inside or to the outside
uL z compliant
Randles a gate leaf of up to zz ft. long and z,zcc lb.
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866.z.zzz l Centact: kobert Kempton CircIe zje
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KaIwaII Cerperatien
\ Kalwall 1cc

meets the demand for stiffer,

stronger cladding.
Preduct AppIicatien:
8ring natural daylight into any space without
glare or hot spots
Perfermance Bata:
u-value of c.c8 (k-1)
8 to c% light transmission (crystalJcrystal
face sheets)
c.c to c.6 solar heat gain coefcient
www.kalwall.com
8cc.z8.;;; | CircIe zjz
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CA51 0LA55 WALL
kathan AIIan 0Iass 5tudies lnc.
\ Feature wall becomes an impressive backdrop
in the lobby. Safety-tempered willow pattern in
J8-in.-thick glass is pinned with spider clamps.
Iridescent sparkle of 0emstone Cobalt 8lue color
nish is revealed with front lighting. Client:
8ridgeview Condominium, Rayden Ferry Lakeside
LLC. Architect: Callison. Lobby glass selection:
kichard 0rinkwater wJ0AvIS. Photo: Al Payne.
Preduct AppIicatien:
Cladding, fascia, feature walls
www.nathanallan.com
6c.z;;.8 ext. zz l Centact: 8arry Allan, 0irector CircIe zjz
5PLClAL1 Pk0B0C15
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1he 0age Cerperatien, lnt.
\ 0agewoven is an innovative collection of z
architectural wire mesh designs.
Preduct AppIicatien:
Calgary Zoo, Canada
State Street 8ank, horth uincy, MA
z1; 1;th St., Atlantic Station, Atlanta, 0A
Perfermance Bata:
Class A ASTM E-8
0urable, low-maintenance stainless steel
www.gagecorp.net
6c8.z6.;;, 8cc.;86.z CircIe zj
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pro|ecL LhaL invesLiqaLes how we perceive our surroundinqs and enqaqe in Lhe
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loq, Lhey liLerally become a parL ol Lhe insLallaLion. As Lhey move Lhrouqh Lhe
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disciplines separaLely, Ma and Lliasson locused on Lhe creaLive process as a
whole, blurrinq Lhe boundaries beLween arL and archiLecLure. ln Lhe demaLe
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sensory awareness. "Space has never exisLed," says Ma, "buL raLher exisLs only
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Enter the Iog and light by taking a
virtual walk through the installation.
2010 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. SF10-A
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your frame
of reference.
Simpson Strong-Tie has nearly doubled its offering of Strong Frame ordinary
moment frames. By adding a new 16' tall column and 14', 18' and 20' wide beams,
you not only have 368 frame congurations to choose from, but more design exibility
for larger openings, wider interior clear spans and retrot solutions. And because our
frames are pre-engineered, you spend minutes choosing a frame rather than hours
designing one. Contractors also appreciate our weld-free, 100% bolted installation.
Expand your options even further with a Custom Strong Frame
made to order. And download our new Strong Frame Selector
software and catalog. For more information visit
www.strongtie.com/strongframe or call (800) 999-5099.
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