Solution to Economic Dispatch by Equal Incremental Cost Criterion RM Saloman danaraj EEE Department Jubail Industrial Collge, Jubail,Kingdom

! Saudi "rabia# Mail$salorajan%gmail#com &# Introduction . Economic load dispatch problem is allocating loads to plants for minimum cost while meeting the constraints. It is formulated as an optimization problem of minimizing the total fuel cost of all committed plant while meeting the demand and losses .The variants of the problems are numerous which model the objective and the constraints in different ways. The basic economic dispatch problem can described mathematically as a minimization of problem of minimizing the total fuel cost of all committed plants subject to the constraints. Minimize i ( Pi )
i =1 n

(!1)

Fi ( P i ) is the fuel cost e"uation of the #i$th plant. It is the variation of fuel cost (% or &s)

with generated power ('().)ormally it is e*pressed as continuous "uadratic e"uation.

Fij ( P i ) = ai P i + bi P i + ci ,
+

P i

min

P i P i

ma*

(!+)

The total generation should meet the total demand and transmission loss. The transmission loss can be determined form either -mn coefficients or power flow.
n

P
i =1

= D + Pl
n i n j

(!.) (!/)

Pl = Bij Pi Pj

'# Solution by (enetic "lgorithm

1. 0elect a reference plant.

or better convergence chose a plant which has ma*imum

capacity and range. In this program It is considered as plant 1. The reference plant allocation is fi*ed by the e"uations (!.1!/). +. 2onvert the constrained optimization problem as an unconstrained problem by penalty function method.
Minimize

i= 1

i (P i ) +1444 3 abs ( P i D Bij P i Pj ) i= 1 i= 1 j= 1

.. This software contain two e*amples gatest.m and gatest.1.-y running the programs as they are in the default folder. The allocation minimum fuel cost and transmission losses can be determined. 5 The E*ample system is ta6en from the boo6 7ower 0ystem !nalysis by 7rof 8aadi 0adaat E*ample 9.: 5 the data matri* should have ; columns of fuel cost coefficients and plant limits. 5 1.a (%<'(=+) +. b %<'( .. c (%) /.lower lomit('() ;.>pper limit('() 5no of rows denote the no of plants(n) 5 *?@4 4A global data - -4 -44 7d data?@4.44: 4.44B 4.449 C.. C.: 9 1:4 +44 14 14 :4 :;

1/4 14 94AD

5 Eoss coefficients it should be s"uarematri* of size nFn where n is the no 5 of plants -?.413@.4+1: .44B. .44+:D.44B. .4++: .4419D.44+: .4419 .419BAD -4?@.444. .44.1 .441;AD -44?1443.444.4;+.D options ? gaoptimsetD options ? gaoptimset(G7opulation0izeG, ;4,GHenerationsG, ;44,GTimeEimitG, +44,G0tallTimeEimitG, 144,G7lot cnsG, IJgaplotbestf,JgaplotbestindivK)

@* ffA?ga(Jeldga1,+,options) @ 71 7lA?eldga1(*)

The results

3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0

x 10

Best: 1599.9847 Mean: 12024.7275

Fitness value

50

100

150

200

250 Generation

300

350

400

450

500

0 -0.1

Current Best Individual

Current best individual

-0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 1 Number of variables (2) 2

? 1.C444eL44. 71 ? ./.44:B C/.4+9+ ;/.C./+ 7l ? +../B1 !EE T8E -E0T