Variable Speed Wind Generators

WIND ENERGY SYSTEM

ELECTRICAL ENERGY MECHANICAL ENERGY

Con$erter% Trans&or'er% o(er line

Me!"# Dri$e

T)rbine

CONTROL AND SU ERVISION

The power output of a wind turbine is given by

Pt = 0.5 Cp *A v3 , where

*
A v

is the air density is the swept area is the wind velocity

Cp is the power coefficient The Tip peed !atio is defined as

+= ,t R"v
i.e the ratio of the linear velocity of the blade tip to the wind velocity.

- Vs Cp !"ara!teristi!s

Fixed Speed System With Squirrel Cage Induction Motor

Power curves of the wind turbine against turbine shaft rpm v1=5m/s, v2=6m/s ..v10= 14m/s)

Power curves of the wind turbine against generator shaft rpm with gear!ratio of "#$%&'

(ariable Speed System With Squirrel Cage Induction Motor

)perating region of variable speed W*CS with cage rotor induction machine in the + , P plane

(ariable Speed System With Wound -otor Induction Motor

)perating region of variable speed W*CS with wound rotor induction machine in the + , P plane

Wind velocity function

.urbine shaft speed for CSCF system

250

200 G e n e r a to r P o w e r ( k W )

150

100

50

100

200

300 secs

400

500

600

/enerator Power for CSCF System

.urbine shaft speed for (SCF system using cage rotor induction machine

350 300 G e n e ra to r P o w e r (k W ) 250 200 150 100 50 0

100

200

300 secs

400

500

600

/enerator Power for (SCF System 0sing Cage -otor Induction Machine

.urbine shaft speed for (SCF system using wound rotor induction machine

350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0

S ta to r P o w e r ( k W )

Stator power of wound rotor induction machine for (SCF system

100

200

300 secs

400

500

600

200 150 100 R o to r P o w e r ( k W ) 50 0 -5 0 -1 0 0 -1 5 0 -2 0 0 0 100 200 300 secs 400 500 600

-otor power of wound rotor induction machine for (SCF system

500

400 G e n e r a to r P o w e r ( k W )

300

200

100

100

200

300 secs

400

500

600

.otal power of wound rotor induction machine for (SCF system

/enerated energy for the three systems

GRID CONNECTED SLI RING MOTOR WITH VSIs ON ROTOR SIDE

3# Transformer

3# Front-end Converter

3# Inverter

SLI RING MOTOR

.EATURES
/ Variable speed constant freq enc! operation / "onverter po#er ratin$ is fraction of s!stem po#er / %peration belo# and above t&e s!nc&rono s speed possible / 'ctive and reactive po#er can be controlled in a deco pled manner

O ERATING 0UADRANTS
SU6SYNCHRONOUS MOTORING TOR0UE MODE 2 1 MODE 4 MODE 5 S EED MODE 3 SU ERSYNCHRONOUS MOTORING

SU6SYNCHRONOUS GENERATING

SU ERSYNCHRONOUS GENERATING

CONCE T O. ROTOR SIDE CONTROL

IS

s #o

s r

Us

1o
S

s = Lo (& + s %i s + L i
s r

s o r

= Lo '(& + i s % i s + i $ = Lo i ms

Lo (ims + j 0% = Lo '(& + s %(isd + jisq % + (ird + jirq %$ Therefore ims = (& + s %isd + ird 0 = (& + s % isq + irq

q-axis

i s s # o s

)s
isq

es

is
ird

Ps

Pr

isd

i's

d-axis

ir7
er

ir

Pm
Po#er (lo# for ) bs!nc&rono s *otorin$

Phasor diagram and power flow diagram during subsynchronous motoring

i s s # o s es

q-axis

)s
ir7
isd ird

ir

i's

Ps
d-axis

Pr

isq
er

is

Pm
Po#er (lo# for ) bs!nc&rono s +eneration

Phasor diagram and power flow diagram during subsynchronous generating

q-axis

i s s # o s

)s
isq

es 8 er is
isd ird

Ps i's

Pr

d-axis

ir7 ir

Pm
Po#er (lo# for ) pers!nc&rono s *otorin$

Phasor diagram and power flow diagram during supersynchronous motoring

i s s # o s
er 2 es

q-axis

)s
ir7
isd ird

ir

Ps

Pr

i's

d-axis

isq

is

Pm
Po#er (lo# for ) pers!nc&rono s +eneration

Phasor diagram and power flow diagram during supersynchronous generating

tor7)e

Ps

Pr

Ps

Pr

Pm

Pm

speed

Ps

Ps
Pr

Pr

Pm

Pm

.EATURES
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.EATURES 9!ontd#:
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