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TriStar Family Applications
where is it used?
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MPPT Advantages
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TriStar Applications
With its several operating modes and sizing configurations, the TriStar
Following are some of the applications the TriStar has been used in. (TriStar PWM is shown)
Back-Up System
Five TS-60s used in parallel to provide charging for this 10kW communications building.
and 60A Versions 150V Maximum Open Circuit Voltage RS-232 on TS-MPPT-45A RS-232/485 and Ethernet on TS-MPPT-60A MPPT charge control with TrakStar TechnologyTM
Parallel circuit design provides less stress and longer life for electronic components No mechanical relays 5 Year Warranty Extensive electronic protections including PV short circuit protection Epoxy encapsulated inductors and conformally coated printed circuit boards
Electrical Specifications
Specification Peak Efficiency Nominal System Voltage Max. Solar Open Circuit Voltage Battery Operating Voltage Range Maximum Self-consumption Transient Surge Protection
99% 12, 24, 36 or 48 volts DC 150 VDC 8-68 VDC 2.7 Watts 4500 Watts/terminal
12 Volt
24 Volt
600 Watts
1200 Watts
800 Watts
1600 Watts
48 Volt
2400 Watts
3200 Watts
Electronic Protections
Solar: Overload, Short Circuit, High Voltage Battery: High Voltage
High Temperature
Lightning and Transient Surges all
Certifications
CE Compliant
PV Array and Battery Voltages must match. Array is sized in Amps based on charge produced at when PV array is operating at battery voltage. Less expensive Simpler series switching charge control circuit using 300 Hz PWM pulse charge control.
Array can be higher nominal voltage than battery and controller converts power down. Array is sized in watts High Frequency charge control
Even the largest and most efficient controller can give up crucial power if not tracking the power point of the module correctly. Speed and logic in the tracking algorithm yield gains that pure size and efficiency cannot make on their own.
MPPT Economics
MSRP
TS-60 PWM + RTS TS MPPT-60 + RTS Incremental cost of MPPT PV Module Cost/Wp Boost Needed to cover MPPT cost (Wp) Boost Needed to cover MPPT cost (%): 500 Wp PV array 1kWp PV array 1.5 kWp PV array
21% 10% 7%
MPPT Benefits
Boost 10-30% gain in charging amps out of the same module used on a PWM controller. The greater the gap between Vmp and battery voltage, the more the boost in current the battery receives. -Cold modules increase the gain due to higher Vmp -low battery voltages increase the gain when needed most High Voltage Wire Runs smaller wire can be used and greater distances achieved using higher voltage PV input due to less voltage drop. Shading and cloud irradiance effects Cloud edge effect can cause the module to exceed its rated wattage for a short time. Shading can cause tricky IV curve shapes. MPPT can follow both these changes to ensure maximum power during these conditions.
Low Battery Protection when the battery is very low, a high voltage difference between the PV Vmp and the battery voltage causes an even greater power boost. This can prevent an LVD at a time when the power is most needed.
IV Curve
Power Graph
MPPT Boost
Since Vmp and battery voltage levels are in constant change, it is difficult to calculate boost through out a long period of time. To estimate potential benefit of MPPT over a PWM controller you can use the following calculation: System Assumptions 12V System 3 PV Modules in system 25C Ambient Temperature No BOS voltage drops Perfect controller efficiency Estimate of charge amps Between Imp and Isc 130W PV Module 7.39 Imp 17.6 Vmp 21.9 Voc 186W PV Module 6.95 Imp 25.9 Vmp 32.6 Voc
A PWM controller is really not an option with this type of PV module. You may lose half your available power!
Full Sweep - scans entire PV array from 0-150V. Pros: Sees everything on the IV curve, not easily fooled. Cons: Slow, sometimes takes an extended time for a full sweep during which charging is far from the true Vmp.
Dynamic Tracking stays near Vmp and makes minor rapid adjustments. Pros: Faster Cons: Can get hung up on a local peak and miss the true peak power point.
-Can be fooled by shading effects, mixed module types or flat IV curves often seen on thin film modules.
-Takes time to re-track during periods of fast changing irradiance and temperature levels. (cool winds on the panel surface or fast moving clouds).
Dynamic Tracking by itself leaves you in the dark as to where the best Vmp point is.
By not venturing further up the curve, you may be missing a big opportunity for more power.
TriStar MPPT minimal power draw designed for remote power systems.
Controller Self Consumption in Watts
(Ethernet Enabled)
10
TriStar
XW
OB
Night - 24V
Night - 12V
Outback
FM-60 749 749 778 778 749 % -29% -11% -32% -14% -15%
Xantrex
XW 685 685 685 685 685 % -22% -2% -22% -2% -7%
773
635 773
749
778 778
3%
-18% 0.5%
685
685 685
13%
-7% 13%
TriStar MPPT-45 with RTS and meter TriStar MPPT-60 with RTS and meter
Note: You can view TS MPPT-60 from a web browser and often times will not need a meter
The PV Array requires nothing to be configured. Simply connect the array and any voltage from Vbatt up to Voc will be detected and charging will begin automatically and at the most efficient level possible.
This shares the utility and cost of a single meter with multiple units.
It accumulates data on the meter for the sum of the system but still lets you view individual TS unit data (unit 1,2,3 etc.) Stacking multiple HUBs allows support for up to 15 total meterbus devices including controllers, meters and our relay driver which is used for alarm contact and genstart functionality.
TriStar Notification
Often a remote data connection is not something that can be continually monitored due to the lack of bandwidth, or the fact that there are two many sites to effective keep track of in real time. The TS MPPT 60 with Ethernet offers two solutions to better manage larger controller deployments. Email Alerts Programmable Proactive Alerts Using comparative logic, the user can setup conditions that the TS MPPT will watch for and when detected, can send an email with details of the alert and on which unit it happened. SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SNMP is a network standard that allows networked equipment to send out a proactive alert in the event of a problem with the system. A listening server will detect these alerts and allow for identification to pursue further information about the problem.
TriStar Notifications
Email and SNMP Alerts Proactive Alerts Using comparative logic, the user can setup conditions that the TS MPPT will watch for and when detected, can send an email or SNMP trap with details of the alert and on which unit it happened.
Basic
Instant
Proactive
TriStar MPPT
Summary
The TriStar MPPT delivers with Morningstars consistent offering of quality, reliability and unique features.
It offers the latest Solar MPPT charge control, industry leading efficiency and temperature performance as well as sophisticated new Ethernet functionality at a compelling price. Its scalability and ease of use should make it another Morningstar product you can count on to complement your off-grid product portfolio.
Michelle Bollella, Mark Brown Charlie Bachman Helga Canfield David Love David Martindale Steve Naccarato Mark Paddison Mona Rotkopf Wayne Robertson Patrick Rogers Mike Troutner Vicki Wallace Jim Westover Bruce Wilson
NY, AZ CO NV WA NY NY Canada NY CA MT FL CA CA MD
mbollella@sunwize.com mbrown@sunwize.com cbachman@sunwize.com hcanfield@sunwize.com dlove@sunwize.com dmartindale@sunwize.com snaccarato@sunwize.com mpaddison@sunwize.com mrotkopf@sunwize.com wrobertson@sunwize.com progers@sunwize.com mtroutner@sunwize.com vwallace@sunwize.com jwestover@sunwize.com bwilson@sunwize.com
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