Muscle functions and how they work with other systems.

Produce movement of the skeleton and support soft tissues

Layers of the muscles (Define) -Epimysium covers the entire muscle -Perymisium divedes the muscles into bundles called fascicles and blood vessels and nerves are contained within -Endomysium covers each muscle fiber and ties them together and also contain capillaries and nerve tissue

T-Tubule function and location -They allow for electrical stimuli to reach deep into each fiber -Sarcolemma

Define o Acetylcholinesterase-chemical that breaks down Ach o Ach-chemical that is the vesicles of the neurotransmitter o Actin-a thin, twisted protein, with specific active sites for myosin to bind to o Action-generation of tension o Action Potential-change in electrical impulses o Aerobic endurance-draw on stored glycogen and lipids o Anaerobic endurance-depletion of CP and ATP; buildup of lactic acid o Antagonist-muscle that acts opposite of a specific movement o Atrophy-when the muscle becomes small and weak from disuse

o Fast fibers-large fibers that are of the majority of muscle fiber in the body and rapidly fatigue o Hypertrophy-the increase in muscle fibers o Insertion the point where a muscle attaches to a bone o Isometric contraction-when the whole muscle length stays the same o Isotonic contraction-when length of muscle changes o Muscle Tone-muscles at rest still have a little tension o Myofibrils-contractile proteins; responsible for contraction o Myofilaments-sub unit of myofibrils o Myosin-thick filamenet with tail and globular head to attach to actin during contraction o Origin-where the muscle originates from o Prime mover-a muscle that acts to bring a desired movement o Sarcolemma-specific name of muscle fiber plasma membrane o Sarcomere-smallest functional unit of skeletal muscle fiber o Sarcoplasmic Reticulum-specialized smooth er; contain high concentrations of calcium ions o Slow fibers-fibers that are fatigue resistant and are slower than fast fibers. o Synergist-muscle which aids the prime mover o Terminal cisternae-enlarged areas of the sarcoplasmic reticulum
surrounding the transverse tubules

o Tropomyosin-binds with troponin in thin filaments during contraction o Troponin-muscle proteins which help with contraction o Twitch-single stimulus contraction relaxation cycle Muscles o Origins, Insertions, Actions, Locations Be able to draw conclusions based off of the anatomy and physiology of the muscular system. Be able to recognize actions of muscles.