CEE 310: Quantity Survey and Cost Estimating Instructors: Dr. Javed Bari (JBr) Ms.

Nawrin Anwar (Nwr)

TopicTopic -1:

Basic Concepts

INTRODUCTION
What is surveying? What is quantity surveying? What is estimating? vSURVEYING: Dictionary meaning is Measuring. vQUANTITY SURVEYING: Measuring quantities of an engineering work based on standard methods of measurement following a systematic & scientific protocol. vESTIMATING: Calculating the approximate cost of the quantities obtained in quantity surveying and thus coming up with a realistic total cost of the work or project.
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Civil Engineering Works

What are the common Civil Engineering Works? These are mostly made of concrete, RCC, steel, brick, soil: vBuilding: residential, commercial, institutional, industrial, assembly, storage, etc. vRoad: local street, arterial road, highway, freeway, etc. vBridge: culvert, short-span bridge, long-span bridge, etc. vWall: regular wall, foundation wall, retaining wall, etc. vDam vReservoir: for water, waste, etc. vDrainage: for waste water, storm water, soak pit, etc. vTank: overhead, underground, etc.
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Economy and Standard of Construction

vFor Economy, planning is inevitable. vStandard of the construction can be achieved by careful supervision and selecting proper specifications. vIf quantity of various materials used in construction (e.g., cement, brick, sand, stone, steel etc.) are known, check can be done on more consumption of materials, which will prevent the misuse of materials. vUsing simple mathematical calculations, calculations can be done for measuring quantities of various materials use in construction from the supplied drawings.

Basic Concepts

Dr. Javed Bari / Ms. Nawrin Anwar

Estimation
vEstimate is a calculation of various items of an engineering works, so as to know approximate cost and quantities of various materials required with the labor involved for its satisfactory completion. vThe computation involved in arriving at the above details is called Estimating. vStandard units are used by the work implementing organizations for various work items. vAfter complete calculation of quantities of a work, the contents are multiplied by rates that result in knowledge of cost/expenditure on materials and commonly known as Abstract of Cost . Basic Concepts Dr. Javed Bari / Ms. Nawrin Anwar 5

Estimation, contd
vCommon Components of an Estimate1) Labor- Skilled/Unskilled 2) Carriage 3) Materials- Bricks, Stones, Steel, Sand, Cement vA good Estimate1) saves the expenditure to a great extent 2) ensures optimum use of materials vCivil Engineering Estimation is technical, because it requires practical experience and good knowledge on1) Engineering structures, and 2) Properties of engineering materials.
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Steps of Quantity Surveying and Cost Estimate

Four distinct operations are involved: vMeasuring/ Recording dimensions vSquaring dimensions vAbstracting or working up vBilling.

Basic Concepts

Dr. Javed Bari / Ms. Nawrin Anwar

1. Measuring/Recording Dimensions
vProcess of measuring from drawings, and recording all dimensions in a recognized form. vDescriptions of various items are based on the drawings and specifications. vIt gives the type of materials to be used, the size, the method of construction and the quality of finish.

2. Squaring Dimensions
vThe process of manipulation and/or addition of the recorded dimensions for the purpose of obtaining the linear, superficial or cubical measurements.
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3. Abstracting/Working Up
vThe process of collection of measurements of identical character and description under different trades and reducing them to units as required by the Standard Method of Measurement.

4. Billing
vIt consists of collection and entry in the form of a bill of the work as separated into trades on the abstract. vUnit prices are quoted against each item of the bill and the total value of the bill of quantity of each trade are computed.
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Duties of a Quantity Surveyor/Estimator

vPreparation of bill of quantities (BoQ) that involves the work of measuring and recording dimensions from drawings, squaring the dimensions, checking the squaring, abstracting ( collecting items from the dimensions into a standard order) and billing. vThe preparation of bills for interim payments. These occur at intervals throughout the contract, and the Quantity Surveyor may have to visit the site, assess the amount of work and value it from the bills of quantities. vThe Architect will then be advised and will issue a certificate for the Contractor to obtain his money from the employer.
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Duties of a Quantity Surveyor/Estimator, contd

vIn case of deviations or variations from contract drawings or specification, the Quantity Surveyor will prepare a bill of adjustment. These variations will be measured from time to time and will be agreed to by the Contractor. vThe deviations to the contracts are issued by the architect in the form of Deviation Orders, copies of which are distributed to the Quantity Surveyor & the Contractor. vPrior to the bill of quantities being prepared, the Quantity Surveyor may be required to give approximate cost or approximate estimate of work at the planning stage. v(S)he may also be required to give advice in arbitration cases or legal cases involving court procedure. Basic Concepts Dr. Javed Bari / Ms. Nawrin Anwar

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Bill of Quantities (BoQ)

vA prospective building owner wants to know what would be the cost of his building before he places his order. vIn order to work out the cost of a building, detailed quantities need to be calculated in accordance with the requirement of the Standard Method of Measurement and Price by the builder. vThese quantities, when collected together into a bill, form the bill of quantities.

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Advantages of BoQ
vForms a common basis for competitive tendering which is necessary to obtain a reasonable value for consideration. vForms in itself a basis of rates for measured work that can be used in the contract for valuation of variations and final account. vIt is used in building operations for the completion of interim payments.

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Specifications
vA written document that summarizes the specific expected quality, size, method, reliability, test result etc. related to a work. vStandard Specifications books are usually published by PWD, RHD, LGED etc. departments and periodically updated. vSpecial specifications are those not found in the Standard Specifications books. vSpecifications are usually prepared by the design consultant. vSpecifications become part of a tender document.
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Tender or Bid
vA procurement process by which the owner hires a party who will execute a construction or supply work. vTender or Bid can be closed to selected qualified contractors or open to all licensed contractor. vTender document will consist of:
1. Detail description of the work to be done; 2. Specifications of all work item reference/section number of Standard Spec. book and detail descriptions of Special Specifications; 3. Approximate quantities of all works to be done; 4. Details of earnest money etc.; 5. Details of other administrative process.
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Conditions of Performing a Work

Three conditions must be fulfilled: 1. Administrative approval: Different officer can approve different amount. 2. Technical sanction: design, plan and estimate are approved. 3. Allotment of fund: needed before a work order is issued to the contractor.

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