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Question 1: Define the principal focus of a concave mirror. Question 2: The radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is 20 cm. What is its focal length? Question 3: Name the mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object. Question 4: Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles? Question 5: Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32 cm. Question 6: A concave mirror produces three times magnified (enlarged) real image of object placed at 10 cm in front of it. Where is the image located? Question 7: The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object? (a) Between the principal focus and the centre of curvature (b) At the centre of curvature (c) Beyond the centre of curvature (d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus. Question 8: A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of -15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be (a) both concave (b) both convex (c) the mirror is concave and the lens is convex (d) the mirror is convex, but the lens is concave. Question 9: No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be (a) plane (b) concave (c) convex (d) either plane or convex. Question10: We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror? What is the nature of the image? Is the image larger or smaller than the object? Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case. Question 11:Name the type of mirror used in the following situations.(a) Headlights of a car (b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle (c) Solar furnace Support your answer with reason. Question 12: An object 5.0 cm in length is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a convex mirror of radius of curvature 30 cm. Find the position of the image, its nature and size. Question 13: An object of size 7.0 cm is placed at 27 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 18 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed, so that asharp focused image can be obtained? Find the size and the nature of the image. Question 14: A 4.5cm needle is placed 12cm away from a convex mirror of focal length 15cm. give the location of the image & Magnification. Question 15: (a) Convex mirror & a plane mirror forms virtual image. How will you distinguish between the two by looking at the images of an object? (b) When we focus sunlight using a convex lens at the tip of a matchstick, what will happen? Why? Question 14: (a) A person wants to see the full length image of tall building in a small mirror. What type of mirror is used by him? (b) Name a mirror that can give an erect & enlarged image of an object.(c) Magnification produced by a concave mirror of a body 4cm in size is 0.16. What is the size of the image?

Derivation or Proof of Mirror and lens formula CBSE(X) physics

Mirror formula is the relationship between object distance (u), image distance (v) and focal length. 1/v + 1/u = 1/f In D ABC and D ABC 0 D ABC ~ D ABC [AA similarity] AB /AB = AC/AC ----(I) Similarly, In DABC and D ABC 0 D ABC ~ DABC [AA similarity] AB /AB = AC/AC ----(1) Similarly, In D FPE ~ D ABF EP /AB = PF/AF AB /AB = PF/AF [ AB=EP] ----(II) From (i) &(ii) AC/AC = PF/AF => AC/AC = AF/PF => (CP-AP)/(AP- CP) = (AP PF)/PF Now, PF = - f ; CP = 2PF = -2f ; AP = -u ; and AP = -v Put these value in above relation: [(-2f) (-v)] /(-u)-(-2f) = {(-v) (-f) }/(-f) => uv = fv +uf => 1/f = 1/u + 1/v Let AB is an object placed between f1 and f2 of the convex lens. The image A1B1 is formed beyond 2F2 and is real and inverted.

OA = Object distance = u ; OA1 = Image distance = v ; OF2 = Focal length = f In D OAB and D OA1B1 D OAB ~ D OA1B1 A1B1 /AB = OA1/OA -------------------(i) Similarly, D OCF2 ~ D F2A1B1 A1B1 /OC = F2A1/OF2 But we know that OC = AB => A1B1 /AB = F2A1/OF2 -------------------(ii) From equation (i) and (ii), we get OA1/OA = F2A1/OF2 OA1/OA = (OA1 - OF2)/OF2 v/-u = (v-u)/f vf = -u(v-f) vf = -uv + uf Dividing equation (3) throughout by uvf 1/v - 1/u = 1/f

Q1. An object is placed at a distance of 30 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 20 cm. Where will the image be formed? Q2. A 2.0-cm-high object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a concave mirror. The distance of the object from the mirror is 30 cm, and its image is formed 60 cm from the mirror, on the same side of the mirror as the object. Find the height of the image formed.

Q3. A 1.2-cm-long pin is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex mirror of focal length 12 cm, at a distance of 8 cm from it. (a)Find the location of the image. (b)Find the height of the image. (c)Is the image erect or inverted? Q4. Sunlight is incident on a concave mirror, parallel to its principal axis. The image is formed at a distance of 12cm from the pole. Find the radius of curvature of the mirror. Q5.An object is placed at a distance of 20cm from a convex mirror of focal length 25cm.Calculate the position of the image. Discuss its nature. Q5. A 2.0-cm-high object is placed at a distance of 20cm from a concave mirror. A real image is formed at 40cm from the mirror. Calculate the focal length of the mirror and size of the image. Q6. Find the position, size and the nature of the image formed by a spherical mirror from the following data. u = -20cm f= -15cm ho= 1.ocm . Q7. A 2-cm-high object is placed at a distance of 32cm from a concave mirror. The image is real, inverted and 3cm in size. Find the focal length of the mirror and the position of the image. Q8. A concave mirror forms an inverted image of an object placed at a distance of 12cm from it. If the image is twice as large as the object, where is it formed? Q9. A concave mirror forms an erect image of an object placed at a distance of 10cm from it. The size of the image is double that of the object. Where is the image formed? Q10. An object is placed at a distance of 12cm from a concave mirror of radius of curvature 6cm.Find the position of the image. Q11. An object of height 2cm is placed at a distance of 15 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm.Draw a scale diagram to locate the image. From the diagram, find the length of the image formed. Q12. The image of an object placed 16 cm from a concave mirror is formed at a distance of 24 cm from the mirror. Calculate the possible focal lengths of the concave mirror from this information. Q13. An object is placed 20 cm from a convex mirror. Its image is formed 12 cm from the mirror. Find the focal length of the mirror. Q14.An object is placed at a distance of 12cm from a concave mirror. The image formed is real and four times larger than the object. Calculate the distance of the image from the mirror. Q15. An object is placed 24cm from a concave mirror. Its image is inverted and doubles the size of the object. Find the focal length of the mirror and the position where the image is formed. Q16. Where an object should be placed before a concave mirror of focal length 20cm so that a real image is formed at a distance of 60cm from it? Q17. An object is placed at a distance of 12cm from a convex mirror of radius of curvature 12cm.Find the position of the image. Q18. If the height of the object in the previous problem is 1.2cm, what will be the height of the image? Q19. When a concave mirror is placed facing the sun, the sun's rays converge to a point 10cm from the mirror. Now, an erect, 2-cm-long pin is placed 15cm away on the principal axis of the mirror. If you want to get the image of the pin on a card, where would you place the card? What would be the nature and height of the image?

Q-20 the far point of a person suffering from myopia is 2 meters from the eye. Find the focal length and power of the corrective lens that will correct his vision.

X (10) CBSE Sure Shoot Guess Question paper 2013-2014 (LIGHT REFLECTION AND REFRACTION) Practice Set Paper - 01 Q1 Name the type of mirror used in: Support your answer with reason. (a) Solar furnaces (b) Rear view mirror of a vehicle (c) Headlights of a car. Q2 Draw the ray diagram to show (i) the position (ii) nature of the image formed when an object is placed between focus F and pole P of a concave mirror. Q3 A concave mirror and a convex lens are held separately in water. What changes (if any) do you expect in the focal length of either? Q4 A convex mirror used on an automobile has a focal length of 3m. If a vehicle behind is at a distance of 5 m , find the location of the image. Q5 (i) Distinguish between a real and virtual image. (ii)Distinguish between a convex and concave mirror. Q6 We have to form an erect image of an object placed in front of a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. Draw the ray diagram. Q7 Why does a ray falling normally on a plane mirror, retrace its path? Q8 How do we locate the position of an image in a plane mirror? Show with an example. Q9 Whatever may be the position of object, the image appears to be erect. Give the nature of mirror with reason.

Q10. From which surface of a mirror, the polished surface or the silvered surface, does most of the light reflect? Q11. Draw a diagram showing the pole, focus, centre of curvature and principals axis of a concave mirror. Q12. An object is placed at a distance of 12cmfrom a concave mirror of radius of curvature16cm. Find the position of the image. Q13 What is the radius of plane mirror? Q14 Why do we use convex surface for side view mirror? Q15 Relate the focal length f and the radius of curvature R. Q16 Which kind of mirror is used in the headlights of a motor car and why? Q17 What is focal length of a plane mirror? Q18 A concave mirror is placed in water. Will there be any change in the focal length? Give reasons. Q19 Name the type of mirror which always forms a virtual and diminished image. Q20 Explain why a ray of light passing through the centre of curvature of a concave mirror gets reflected along the same path? Practice Set Paper - 02 1.An object 5.0 cm in length is placed at a distance of 10cm from a convex mirror of radius of curvature 150cm. Find the position, nature and size of the image. 2.Find the position, nature and size of image of an object 4cm high placed at a distance of 10 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 20 cm. 3.An object is placed at a distance of 25 cm from the pole of a spherical mirror which forms a real, inverted image on the same side of object at 37.5 cm from the pole. Calculate the focal length of mirror and find nature of the mirror. 4.An object 2.0 cm in size is placed 20.0 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 10.0 cm. Find the distance from the mirror at which a screen should be placed in order to obtain a sharp image. What will be the size and nature of the image formed? 5.Find the position of an object which when placed in front of a concave mirror of focal length 20 cm produces a virtual image, which is twice the size of the object. 6.A concave lens has a focal length of 15cm. At what distance should an object 10 cm long be placed so that it forms an image of 10 cm from the lens? Find the nature and size of the image formed. 7.A convex lens has a focal length of 30 cm. Calculate at what distance should the object be placed from the lens so that it forms an image at 60 cm on the other side of the lens. Find the magnification produced by the lens in this case. 8.A concave lens has focal length 20cm. At what distance from the lens a 5 cm tall object be placed so that it forms an image at 15 cm from the lens? Also calculate the size of the image formed. 9.A Calculate the focal length of convex lens which produces a virtual image at a distance of 25 cm of an object placed 10cm in front of it.

10.A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image of 10 cm from the lens. How far is object from the lens? What are its characteristics? 11.Light enters from air into glass plate which has a refractive index of 1.5. Calculate the speed of light in glass. (Given, speed of light in vacuum is 3 x 108ms-1 12.A person cannot see distinctly any object placed beyond 40 cm from his eye. Calculate the power of the lens which will help him to see distant object clearly. 13. The near point of a hypermetropic person is 75 cm from the eye. What is the power of lens required to enable him to read clearly a book held at 25 cm from the eye? 14.A person with a myopic eye is not able to see beyond 3 m distinctly. Determine the nature, focal length and power of the lens required. 15.The near point of a hypermetropic person is 1m. What is the power of lens required to correct this defect? Assume that near point of the normal eye is 25 cm. 1. What is radius of plane mirror? Ans: Infinity 2. What is angle of reflection for a ray falling normally on a plane mirror? Ans: 0 3. Why do we use convex surface for side view mirror? Ans: Convex mirror always form virtual, smaller and upright image of object for vide range. 4. Can a virtual image be photographed? Ans: yes. 5. What is the power of a plane mirror? Ans: 0 because focal length is at infinity 6. When the angle of incidence is 90 , what is the angle of refraction? Ans: 0 degree 7. What is the value of refractive index of air? Ans: 1. {The ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction will be the same if the medium is the same.} 8. What is the magnification produced by a plane mirror? Ans: Plane mirror cannot magnify image and has magnification 1 because height of image formed is equal to that of object. 9. Define power. Give its S.I unit? Ans: power of a lens is d ability of a lens to converge or diverge an incident rays of light. it is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length d = [1/f(m) ] Dioptre . Its S.I unit is Dioptre. 10. What is power of sun glass? Ans: sun glasses do not converge or diverge rays of light hence have no power. 11. Between which two points related to a concave mirror should an object be placed to obtain on a screen an image twice the size of the object? [2010] Ans. Between centre of curvature and the principal focus. 12. What are the two factors on which the lateral displacement of an emergent ray from a glass slab depends ? [2011] Ans. (i) Angle of incidence (ii) Thickness of glass slab 13.What is the minimum distance between an object and its real image in case of a concave mirror ? [2011] Ans. Zero, when object is at centre of curvature, its real image is also formed at the same point. 14. Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles? Ans. It is because, it covers a wide rear field and forms small, erect and virtual image, close to the eye of the driver of the vehicle. 15.. Convex mirrors are commonly used as rear-view mirrors in vehicles. Suppose you are sitting in a parked car, you notice a jogger approaching towards you in the side view mirror. The radius of Curvature of the side view mirror is 2cm, lf the

jogger is running at a speed of 5m/s, how fast the image of the jogger appears to move when the jogger is 9m away from the mirror? Ans: Radius of curvature C =2cm ; f=c/2 = 1cm = .01m speed of jogger=5m/s dist of the jogger from the mirror ,u=9m image distance at the begining= 1/v + 1/u = 1/f 1/u- 1/f = -1/v 1/v = 1/f - 1/u =1/9 - 1/-.01 v =9/901m image distance after 1 sec. the jogger would have moved 5 m. u=9-5=4m f=-.01m 1/v = 1/f - 1/u =1/4 - 1/-.01 v = 4/401m speed of the image of the jogger =distance / time dist. = 9/901 - 4/401 t = 1s speed = (9/901 - 4/401)m/s=0.00995 m/s=0.01 m/s 1. An object is placed in front of a concave mirror of radius of curvature 15cm at a distance of (a) 10cm. and (b) 5cm. Find the position, nature and magnification of the image in each case. 2. An object is placed 15cm from a concave mirror of radius of curvature 60 cm. Find the position of image and its magnification? 3. An object is kept at a distance of 5cm in front of a convex mirror of focal length 10cm. Give the position, magnification and the nature of the image formed. 4. An object is placed at a distance of 50cmfrom a concave lens of focal length 20cm. Find the nature and position of the image. 5. The power of a lens is 2.5 dioptre. What is the focal length and the type of lens? 6. What is the power of a concave lens of focal length 50cm? 7. Find the power of a concave lens of focal length 2m. 8. Two lens of power +3.5D and -2.5D are placed in contact. find the power and focal length of the lens combination. 9. A convex lens has a focal length of 20 cm. Calculate at what distance from the lens should an object be placed so that it forms an image at a distance of 40cm on the other side of the lens. State the nature of the image formed? 10. A 10cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 30cm. The distance of the object from the line is 20cm.find the i)position ii)nature and iii) size of the image formed. 11. Find the focal length of a line power is given as +2.0D. 12. With respect to air the refractive index of ice and rock salt benzene are 1.31 and 1.54 respectively. Calculate the refractive index of rock salt with respect to ice.

13. An object 5cm in length is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a convex mirror of radius of curvature 30cm. Find the position of the image, its nature and size. 14. The far point of a myopic person is 150cm in front of the eye. Calculate the focal length and the power of the lens required to enable him to see distant objects clearly.