Vol 1 Issue 6

www.kashbiotech/biotechexpress

Vol 1 Issue 6 January 201 4

January 2014

Rs. 60

BIOTECH EXPRESS
The gist of LifeSciences Model Organism Special

Zebrafish
Great Indian Scientist

Charaka

Bangalore India

IISC

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Connecting...

Academia. Industry. Government

BIOTECH EXPRESS

Indias leading magazine for Biotechnology

Editorial

Chief Editor: Puneet Shakya Senior editors: Lovkesh sharma, Dipika Khanna Contributing Editor: Anuj Gautam Principal correspondent: Vaibhav Sharma Special correspondent: Kaushal Kumar Bhati Photos and Design: Sonu Kumar General Manager (circulation and advs): Nikhil Mishra (08826824621 )

Publisher, Printer and owner : Kamal Pratap Singh Address: 31 /4, Ext-1 , Shalimar Garden, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, U.P. Printed at: Monex offset, B-1 2 SD complex, near MMG hospital, Ghaziabad. ALL RIGHT RESERVED. No part of this issue can be printed in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher. Editors and publisher do not take responsibility for any mistake although informations are best to assess. For any suggestions or query e-mail us at : biotechexpressindia@gmail.com VOL 1 ISSUE 6 January 201 4

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CONTENTS

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CONTENTS
Activity zone
MCQ Microbiology
(including previous years questions)

Bioproposals
ISCB Second call for preproposals (PIGEON PEA). Call for Proposals from agencies for Implementation and Coordination of Biotech Industrial Training Programme. Call for Proposals: SUPPORT OF NETWORKING ACTIVITIES. IndoSwiss Joint Research Programme. Empowerment and Equity Opportunities for Excellence in Science (SERB).

Conferences
ISGH conducting International Conference of Human Genetics International Conference on Bioengineering 2014 BioAsia 2014

BioNews

Advertisement for JRF position in UGC Project - UDSC NBRC Project Scientist recruitmnent

CFRD, Kerala - Lecturer Indraprastha College for Women - Assistant Professor Saurashtra University - Assistant Professor Gargi college - Assistant Professor JAWAHARLAL NEHRU UNIVERSITY

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General
Portrait of a model organism

The zebrafish (Danio rerio)

cellular organisms - Eukaryota - Fungi/Metazoa group - Metazoa Eumetazoa - Bilateria - Coelomata -Deuterostomia - Chordata - Craniata - Vertebrata - Gnathostomata - Teleostomi - Euteleostomi -Actinopterygii - Actinopteri - Neopterygii - Teleostei - Elopocephala - Clupeocephala Otocephala -Ostariophysi - Otophysi - Cypriniphysi - Cypriniformes Cyprinoidea - Cyprinidae - Rasborinae - Danio -Danio rerio

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a tropical freshwater fish belonging to the minnowfamily (Cyprinidae) of order Cypriniformes. Native to the Himalayan region, it is a popular aquarium fish, frequently sold under the trade name zebra danio. The zebrafish is also an important vertebrate model organism in scientific research.
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General

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Geographical Distribution

Why named zebrafish?

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General

Advantages and disadvantages of using zebrafish in labs

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Why are zebrafish ideal models for development and disease research?

How does zebrafish research help humans?

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General

The Zebrafish Information Network (ZFIN) is an online biological database of information about the zebrafish (Danio rerio). The zebrafish is a widely used model organism for genetic, genomic, and developmental studies, and ZFIN provides an integrated interface for querying and displaying the large volume of data generated by this research. To facilitate use of the zebrafish as a model of human biology, ZFIN links these data to corresponding information about other model organisms (e.g., mouse) and to human disease databases. Abundant links to external sequence databases (e.g., GenBank) and to genome browsers are included. Gene product, gene expression, and phenotype data are annotated with terms from biomedical ontologies. ZFIN is based at the University of Oregon in the United States, with funding provided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). ZFIN also maintains a database of zebrafish-related publications, laboratories, people, and companies. In addition to its specialized search interfaces, ZFIN provides a Google-like global site search. ZFIN's community wiki gives zebrafish researchers the ability to share information about laboratory protocols and antibodies.

Zebrafish Information Network

ZFIN's relational database interface provides query forms and display pages for the following biological data types:
Genes, markers, and clones Gene expression Antibodies Sequence alignments (BLAST) Mutants and transgenic lines Anatomy Genetic maps

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Bioscientists

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Great Indian Scientist

Charaka
( Father Of Indian Medicine)

Charak, sometimes spelled Caraka, born c. 300 BC was one of the principal contributors to the ancient art and science of Ayurveda, a system of medicine and lifestyle developed in Ancient India. According to Charaka's translations health and disease are not predetermined and life may be prolonged by human effort and attention to lifestyle. As per Indian heritage and science of Ayurvedic system, prevention of all types of diseases have a more prominent place than treatment, including restructuring of life style to align with the course of nature and four seasons, which will guarantee complete wellness.

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Bioscientists

The following statements are attributed to (vata), transformation (pitta) and lubrication and stability (kapha). The doshas are also Acharya Charak: sometimes called humours, namely, bile, A physician who fails to enter the body of a phlegm and wind. These dosha are produced patient with the lamp of knowledge and when dhatus (blood, flesh and marrow) act understanding can never treat diseases. He upon the food eaten. For the same quantity of should first study all the factors, including food eaten, one body, however, produces environment, which influence a patient's dosha in an amount different from another disease, and then prescribe treatment. It is body. That is why one body is different from more important to prevent the occurrence of another. For instance, it is more weighty, stronger, more energetic. disease than to seek a cure. These remarks appear obvious today, though they were often not heeded, and were made by Charaka, in his famous Ayurvedic treatise Charaka Samhita. The treatise contains many such remarks which are held in reverence even today. Some of them are in the fields of physiology, etiology and embryology. Charaka was the first physician to present the concept of digestion, metabolism and immunity. According to his translations of the Vedas, a body functions because it contains three dosha or principles, namely movement Further, illness is caused when the balance among the three dosha in a human body is disturbed. To restore the balance he prescribed medicinal drugs. Although he was aware of germs in the body, he did not give them any importance. Charaka knew the fundamentals of genetics. For instance, he knew the factors determining the sex of a child. A genetic defect in a child, like lameness or blindness, he said, was not due to any defect in the mother or the father, but in the ovum or sperm of the parents (an accepted fact today). 13

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Charaka studied the anatomy of the human body and various organs. He gave 360 as the total number of bones, including teeth, present in the body. He wrongly believed that the heart had one cavity, but he was right when he considered it to be a controlling centre. He claimed that the heart was connected to the entire body through 1 3 main channels. Apart from these channels, there were countless other ones of varying sizes which supplied not only nutrients to various tissues but also provided passage to waste products. He also claimed that any obstruction in the main channels led to a disease or deformity in the body.

B.C. However, it was only when Charaka revised this treatise that it gained popularity and came to be known as Charakasamhita. For two millennia it remained a standard work on the subject and was translated into many foreign languages, including Arabic and Latin.

According to the Charaka tradition, there existed six schools of medicine, founded by the disciples of the sage Punarvasu treya. Each of his disciples, Agnivesha, Bhela, Jatkarna, Parshara, Hrta, and Kshrapni, composed a Samhit. Of these, the one composed by Agnivesha was considered the best. The Agnivesha Samhit was later revised by Charaka and it Under the guidance of the ancient physician came to be known as Charaka Samhit. Atreya, Agnivesa had written an The Charaka Samhit was revised by encyclopedic treatise in the eighth century Dridhbala. yurveda is traditionally divided into eight branches which, in Charaka's scheme, are: Stra-Sthna, general principles Nidna-Sthna, pathology Vimna-Sthna, diagnostics Sharra-Sthna, physiology and anatomy Indriya-Sthna, prognosis Chikits-Sthna, therapeutics & Internal Medicine Kalpa-Sthna, pharmacy Siddhi-Sthna, successful treatment The Charak Samhita contains 1 20 adhyayas (chapters), divided into 8 parts. Sutra Sthana Nidan Sthana Viman Sthana Sharir Sthana Indriya Sthana Chikitsa Sthana Kalpa Sthana Siddhi Sthana
The Charaka Samhita is among the earliest surviving Sanskrit medical manuals, and the most authoritative.The Charaka Samhita is long, running to 1 ,000 pages in English translation. It represented a major advance over the supersitious ways of treating medical problems of the Atharva Veda.

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Vol 1 Issue 6 January 201 4 Latest

research

Blood Can Transmit CreutzfeldtJakob Disease

Breaking result: the blood of patients affected by CJD carries infectivity

f infectivity and the infectious load in the blood of CJD affected patients are similar to the one reported in various animal models of Prion diseases. This confirms the value of animal models to characterize transmission risk associated with prion disease. Complementary studies involving a greater number of CJD cases are being carried out. Meanwhile, the available results shall allow a refinement of the quantitative risk assessment models related to the CJD blood-borne transmission risk.

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Discovery of 1.4 Million-Year-Old Fossil Human Hand Bone Closes Human Evolution Gap

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Latest research

Bio Patch That Can Regrow Bone

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Gene Therapy for Human Skin Disease Produces Long-Term Benefits

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Latest research

Epigenetics Enigma Resolved

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Molecular Evolution of Genetic Sex-Determination Switch in Honeybees

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research

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Scientists Discover How Immune Cells Die During HIV Infection; Identify Potential Drug to Block AIDS

New -- And Reversible -Cause of Aging: Naturally Produced Compound Rewinds Aspects of AgeRelated Demise in Mice
Ana P. Gomes, Nathan L. Price, Alvin J.Y. Ling, Javid J. Moslehi, Magdalene K. Montgomery, Luis Rajman, James P. White, Joo S. Teodoro, Christiane D. Wrann, Basil P. Hubbard, Evi M. Mercken, Carlos M. Palmeira, Rafael de Cabo, Anabela P. Rolo, Nigel Turner, Eric L. Bell, David A. Sinclair. Declining NAD Induces a Pseudohypoxic State Disrupting Nuclear-Mitochondrial Communication during Aging. Cell, 201 3; 1 55 (7): 1 624 DOI: 1 0.1 01 6/j.cell.201 3.11 .037

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research

The Origin of Flowers: DNA of Storied Plant Provides Insight Into the Evolution of Flowering Plants

Amborella (Amborella trichopoda) is unique as the sole survivor of an ancient evolutionary lineage that traces back to the last common ancestor of all flowering plants. The plant is a small understory tree found only on the main island of New Caledonia in the South Pacific. An effort to decipher the Amborella genome -- led by scientists at Penn State University, the University at Buffalo, the University of Florida, the University of Georgia, and the University of California-Riverside -- is uncovering evidence for the evolutionary processes that paved the way for the amazing diversity of the more than 300,000 flowering plant species we enjoy today. This unique heritage gives Amborella a special role in the study of flowering plants. "In the same way that the genome sequence of the platypus -- a survivor of an ancient lineage -- can help us study the evolution of all mammals, the genome sequence of Amborella can help us learn about the evolution of all flowers," said Victor Albert of the University at Buffalo. Scientists who sequenced the Amborella genome say that it provides conclusive evidence that the ancestor of all flowering plants, including Amborella, evolved

following a "genome doubling event" that occurred about 200 million years ago. Some duplicated genes were lost over time but others took on new functions, including contributions to the development of floral organs. "Genome doubling may, therefore, offer an explanation to Darwin's "abominable mystery" -- the apparently abrupt proliferation of new species of flowering plants in fossil records dating to the Cretaceous period," said Claude dePamphilis of Penn State University. "Generations of scientists have worked to solve this puzzle," he added. Comparative analyses of the Amborella genome are already providing scientists with a new perspective on the genetic origins of important traits in all flowering plants -- including all major food crop species. "Because of Amborella's pivotal phylogenetic position, it is an evolutionary reference genome that allows us to better understand genome changes in those flowering plants that evolved later, including genome evolution of our many crop plants -- hence, it will be essential for crop improvement," stressed Doug Soltis of the University of Florida.

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Vol 1 Issue 6 January 201 4 some unusual genomic characteristics since it split from the rest of the flowering plant tree of life. For example, DNA sequences that can change locations or multiply within the genome (transposable elements) seem to have stabilized in the Amborella genome. Most plants show evidence of recent bursts of this mobile DNA activity, "But Amborella is unique in that it does not seem to have acquired many new mobile sequences in the past several million years," stated Sue Wessler of the University of CaliforniaRiverside. "Insertion of some transposable elements can affect the expression and function of proteincoding genes, so the cessation of mobile DNA activity may have slowed the rate of evolution of both genome structure and gene function." In addition to its utility in retrospective studies of the evolution of flowering plants, the Amborella genome sequence offers insights into the history and conservation of Amborella populations. There are only 1 8 known populations of this very special angiosperm in mountainous regions New Caledonia. "Resequencing of individual Amborella plants across the species' range reveals geographic structure with conservation implications plus evidence of a recent, major genetic bottleneck," noted Pam Soltis of the University of Florida. A similar narrowing of genetic variation occurred when humans migrated from Africa to found modern-day Eurasian populations.

As another example of the value of the Amborella genome, Joshua Der at Penn State noted "We estimate that at least 1 4,000 protein-coding genes existed in the last common ancestor of all flowering plants. Many of these genes are unique to flowering plants, and many are known to be important for producing the flower as well as other structures and other processes specific to flowering plants." "This work provides the first global insight as to how flowering plants are genetically different from all other plants on Earth," Brad Barbazuk of the University of Florida said, "and it provides new clues as to how seed plants are genetically different from non-seed plants." Jim Leebens-Mack from UGA noted that "The Amborella genome sequence facilitated reconstruction of the ancestral gene order in the 'core eudicots,' a huge group that comprises about 75 percent of all angiosperms. This group includes tomato, apple and legumes, as well as timber trees such as oak and poplar." As an evolutionary outsider to this diverse group, the Amborella genome allowed the researchers to estimate the linear order of genes in an ancestral eudicot genome and to infer lineagespecific changes that occurred over 1 20 million years of evolution in the core eudicot. At the same time, Amborella seems to have acquired

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Biodirectory

The Institute occupies nearly 400 acres of prime land in Bangalore, generously donated by the Maharaja of Mysore in March 1907. Indeed, the contribution from the princely state of Mysore was the decisive element in determining the location of J.N. Tatas proposed institution. Remarkably, in a gesture unmatched in the annals of private philanthropy in India, Tata did not wish his name to be associated with the Institute. His dream was to create an institution that would contribute to the development of India. The name, Indian Institute of Science, which was finally chosen, reflects in every way the wishes of J.N. Tata. Visitors to Bangalore who seek out IISc still have to ask local residents for directions to the Tata Institute, a clear recognition that Jamsetji Tatas act of generosity has remained undimmed in public memory, despite the passage of a century.

IISC
Bangalore India

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Vol 1 Issue 6 January 201 4 fields ranging from Biochemistry to Aerospace Engineering have served to nucleate research and development in both the public and private sectors. The faculty and alumni of the Institute have been responsible for establishing and spearheading many new institutions and programs across the country, reflecting in a real sense, a major contribution of this centre of learning to national growth and development. Homi Bhabha conceived the idea of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) and an Atomic Energy Program while working in the Department of Physics. Vikram Sarabhai, the founder of Indias space program was an alumnus. Following his premature death, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) was built by the farsighted leadership of Satish Dhawan, who simultaneously held the position of the Director of the Institute with the greatest distinction. The first Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) at Kharagpur was established by J.C. Ghosh, who was the Director of IISc in the critical period 1 939-48, during which much of the activity in engineering was initiated at the Institute. Many of Indias most distinguished scientists have been associated with the Institute as students or faculty. Notable among them are G.N. Ramachandran, Harish Chandra, S. Ramaseshan, A. Ramachandran, C.N.R. Rao and R. Narasimha. Alumni of the Institute head many major organizations in India and abroad.

The Indian Institute of Science (IISc) was conceived as a Research Institute or University of Research by Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata, in the final years of the 1 9th century. A long period of almost thirteen years was to elapse from the initial conception in 1 896 to the birth of the institute on May 27, 1 909. The early history of the Institute is a fascinating chapter in the story of higher education and scientific research in India. The cast of characters in the drama that led to the establishment of the Institute includes, in addition to its charismatic and generous founder J.N. Tata, figures from the pages of Indian history. There is Swami Vivekananda, whom J.N. Tata befriended on his famous voyage to the United States, the Maharaja of Mysore, Shri Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV and his mother then acting on his behalf, and Lord Curzon the Viceroy of India, whose first task on arrival on December 31 , 1 898 was to receive a draft proposal prepared by the Provisional Committee set up to plan the establishment of the Institute. The plan was shepherded through many difficult years by Burjorji Padshah, a close associate of J.N. Tata. Unfortunately, J.N. Tata died in 1 904 unaware that his vision would indeed be realized a few years later. When the British Government fi nally issued the Vesting Order in 1 909, an unmatched experiment in higher education and research was launched in India. IISc is truly the first example of a public-private partnership in this country; an institution, whose evolution over a century is testimony to the robustness of its foundations. The Institute began with only two departments: General and Applied Chemistry and ElectroTechnology. The first Director, Morris W Travers began the task of organizing the Institute shortly after his arrival in India at the end of 1 906. Travers began the construction of the main building, which is one of Bangalores landmarks today. The Departments of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry were among the earliest to be established. The Physics department came into being in 1 933, when C.V. Raman became the first Indian Director of the Institute. In the century that has passed since its inception, IISc has grown to become Indias premier centre for research and postgraduate education in science and engineering. The evolution of the Institute over the past one hundred years has mirrored the development of science and technology in India. A long history, a strong tradition of academic research and an ambience that favours scholarly activity have been important elements in making the Institute a most attractive place for students and faculty. As the Institute has grown, several new areas of research have been established, many of them for the first time in India. The Institutes departments in

Sir Jamshedji Tata 3 March 1 839 1 9 May 1 904 26

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Biodirectory Vol 1 Issue 6 January 201 4 themselves academically. The Institute actively programs that encourage bright young IISC offers a variety of Masters degree programs in promotes school and undergraduate students to undertake Engineering, an integrated Ph.D. (post-B.Sc.) research careers. The Institute administers the program in Sciences and Ph.D. programs in a wide Kishore Vaigyanik Protsahan (KVPY) program spectrum of disciplines in science and engineering. of the Department of ScienceYojana and Technology (DST). Last year the Institute launched a 4-year The Institutes commitment to socially relevant undergraduate program leading to a B.S. degree, research is specifically emphasized by the activities with an opportunity for students to obtain a broad undertaken at the Centre for Sustainable foundation in science, including an exposure to Technologies (CST), together with the Karnataka research. State Council for Science and Technology (KSCST), which is housed on the campus. The face of science and engineering research has been changing very rapidly over the past few years. The Institute completed a century of existence in In approaching the second century of the Institute 2009. It has embarked on a new phase of expansion many new activities have been initiated. Notable and renewal. To live and work at the Institute is a among them are the interdisciplinary Ph.D. programs special privilege. The Faculty, Staff and Students of in Mathematical Sciences and Nanoscience and the Institute can be rightly proud of its past and Engineering. A new program in Bioengineering has optimistic about its future. been launched this year. These programs are intended to blur the traditional boundaries between disciplines, thereby promoting cross-disciplinary research. New centres in the areas of Earth Sciences, Climate Change and Neuroscience have Campus been established in the last few years. The IISc campus is located in North Bangalore about 4 kilometers from the Bangalore City Railway Station The Institute engages in interactions with society and and bus stand on the way to Yeshwantpur. The industry through a variety of outreach programs. The Institute is about 35 kilometres from new Bangalore Centre for Scientific and Industrial Consultancy International Airport. A number of other research (CSIC) and the Society for Innovation and institutes viz. Raman Research Institute, Indian Development (SID) promote collaborative Space Research Organization (ISRO), Wood interactions with industry, while the Centre for Research Institute and Central Power Research Continuing Education (CCE) provides an opportunity Institute (CPRI) are close to IISc. for working scientists and engineers to enrich

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Bioproposals

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ISCB SECOND CALL FOR PREPROPOSALS (PIGEON PEA)

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Bioproposals

Department of Biotechnology Ministry of Science & Technology Government of India

Call for Proposals from agencies for Implementation and Coordination of Biotech Industrial Training Programme from 2014-15 to 2016-17

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Bioproposals

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Indo-Belgian Research and Technology Cooperation

CALL FOR PROPOSALS: SUPPORT OF NETWORKING ACTIVITIES Call 16 December 2013 (projects' period: 2014 - 2017)

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Bioproposals

Indo-Swiss Joint Research Programme (ISJRP)

Joint Research Projects: Call for Proposals 2013-2016

Further information and contacts

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Bioconferences Vol 1 Issue 6 January 201 4

SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING RESEARCH BOARD (SERB)

Department of Science & Technology, Government of India Call for Research Proposals

Empowerment and Equity Opportunities for Excellence in Science

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Bioconferences Vol 1 Issue 6 January 201 4

ISGH conducting International Conference of Human Genetics

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Bioconferences Vol 1 Issue 6 January 201 4

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Bioconferences Vol 1 Issue 6 January 201 4

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Bionews

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Bionotifications Vol 1 Issue 6 January 201 4

Department of Microbiology University of Delhi South Campus
Advertisement for JRF position in UGC Project

Applications are invited for the post of Junior Research Fellow (one) to work in the UGC research project entitled Cloning and expression of the cell-bound phytase of the yeast Pichia anomala. Qualifications: M.Sc. in Microbiology/Biotechnology, with sound knowledge of microbes, microbial enzymes and gene cloning with NET (fellowship or lectureship)/GATE (percentile 90 and above). The position will continue till June 201 5. The eligible candidates should send CV by mail (tspiugcpr@gmail.com) on or before Jan. 1 5, 201 4. The candidates selected for interview will be intimated by mail.

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Bionotifications Vol 1 Issue 6 January 201 4

NBRC

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Biojobs

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Council for Food Research and Development CFRD, Kerala

Job Title :

Education and Experience

Note :

The application should be addressed to

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Biojobs

Indraprastha College for Women

Department : Life Science Essential Qualifications :

Note :

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Saurashtra University, Rajkot

Saurashtra University, Rajkot invites an application for the following Posts in Prescribed Performa from the Qualified Citizens of India.

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Biojobs

GARGI COLLEGE
(University of Delhi) Siri Fort Road, New Delhi 110 049.

Botany 6 Microbiology 2 Zoology 8

Essential Qualifications for the post of Assistant Professor:

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Biojobs

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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU UNIVERSITY NEW DELHI-110067 DVT. NO. RC/47/2014

HOW TO APPLY:

Application Form can be obtained/submitted in person on payment of Rs. 500/- by demand draft by candidates belonging to General & OBC category or can be obtained by post by sending a demand draft for Rs. 520/- (Rs. 500/- plus Rs. 20/- postal charges for General & OBC category). Payable on any nationalized bank in favour of the Finance Officer, Jawaharlal Nehru University payable at New Delhi (non-refundable) to The Section Officer, Recruitment Cell, Room No. 1 31 -1 32, Administrative Block, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 11 0067. The application form can also be downloaded from JNU website: www.jnu.ac.in. and the duly filled-in application form can be submitted alongwith the demand draft of Rs. 500/- in case of General and OBC category to the University at the above address. There is no application fee for SC/ST/PH candidates. They can also obtain the application form in person by producing the copy of the caste certificate.

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Biodirectory

Facilities for researchers at IISC

Central computing facility

IISC Library

Ranking

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Faculty of Science at IISC

Division of Biological Sciences

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Bioactivity

MCQ Microbiology

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Bioactivity

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