Unit G Lesson 1 Homework Ch10 #31, 35, 37, 48, 49.

31. Picture the Problem: The two children sit in different places on the same merry-go-round, which is rotating
about its axis at a constant rate.
Strategy: Find the angular speed of the children by dividing 2t radians (for a complete circle) by the time it
takes to complete a revolution. Then use equation 10-12 together with the angular speed to find the linear
speed.


Solution: 1. (a) Apply equation 10-3 to find
1 2
and e e :
1 2
2 rad
1.4 rad/s
4.5 s
t
e e = = =


2. (b) Apply equation 10-12 directly:
( )( )
t1 1 1
2.0 m 1.4 rad/s 2.8 m/s v re = = =


3. Apply equation 10-12 directly:
( )( )
t2 2 2
1.5 m 1.4 rad/s 2.1 m/s v r e = = =

Insight: Child 1 experiences a greater linear speed and greater centripetal acceleration because he is at a larger
radius.

35. Picture the Problem: J eff clings to a vine and swings along a vertical arc as depicted
in the figure at right.
Strategy: Use equation 10-13 to find J effs centripetal acceleration and equation 10-
14 to find his tangential acceleration. Add these two perpendicular vectors to find the
total acceleration.

Solution: 1. Apply equation 10-13 directly: ( )( )
2
2
cp
2
7.20 m 0.850 rad/s
5.20 m/s
a re = =
=


2. Apply equation 10-14 directly: ( )( )
2
t
2
7.20 m 0.620 rad/s
4.46 m/s
a ro = =
=


3. Add the two perpendicular vectors:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2 2 2
cp t
5.202 m/s 4.464 m/s 6.85 m/s a a a = + = + =


4. Find the angle | :
2
cp 1 1
2
t
5.20 m/s
tan tan 49.4
4.46 m/s
a
a
|
| | | |
= = =
| |
\ . \ .

Insight: The angle | will increase with J effs speed if his angular acceleration remains constant because
cp
a depends on the square of the tangential speed.

37. Picture the Problem: The compact disk rotates about its central axis at a constant angular speed.
Strategy: Use equation 10-12 to find the linear speed of a point on the outer rim of the CD, and then use
equation
10-13 to find the centripetal acceleration. Use ratios to determine the linear speed and centripetal acceleration
for a point that is half the distance to the rotation axis.

Solution: 1. (a) Apply equation 10-12 directly: ( )( )
1
t 2
0.120 m 5.05 rad/s 0.303 m/s v r e = = =

2. (b)Apply equation 10-13 directly: ( )( )
2
2 2 1
cp 2
0.120 m 5.05 rad/s 1.53 m/s a re = = =

3. (c) Use a ratio to find the new linear speed: ( )
1
2 2 2 1 1
2 1 2 2
1 1
1
0.303 m/s 0.152 m/s
2
r v r
v v
v r r
e
e
= = = = = =


4. Use a ratio to find the new
cp
a :
( )
2 1
2 2 2 2 1 1
2 1 2 2 2
1 1
1
1.53 m/s 0.765 m/
2
r a r
a a
a r r
e
e
= = = = = =

Insight: The angular velocity is the same for all points on the CD regardless of the distance to the rotation axis.

48. Picture the Problem: The drive wheel of the tricycle rolls without slipping at constant speed.
Strategy: Because the wheel rolls without slipping, equation 10-15 describes the direct relationship between
the center of mass speed and the angular velocity of the driving wheel.

Solution: Apply equation 10-15 directly: ( )( )
t
0.260 m 0.373 rev/s 2 rad rev 0.609 m/ v re t = = =

Insight: This speed corresponds to about 1.4 mi/h, half the normal walking speed of an adult. The larger
wheels on adult bicycles allow for higher linear speeds for the same angular speed of the driving wheel.


49. Picture the Problem: A soccer ball rolls without slipping at constant speed.
Strategy: Use the known circumference of the ball to determine its radius, and use the distance and time
information to find its center of mass velocity. Combine the two quantities using equation 10-15 to find the
angular speed of the ball.

Solution: 1. Find r from the circumference:
0.700 m
0.1114 m
2 2
C
r
t t
= = =

2. Determine the velocity:
( )( )( ) 14.0 yd 3 ft yd 1 m3.281 ft
3.82 m/s
3.35 s
x
v
t
A
= = =
A


3. Solve equation 10-15 for e :
3.82 m/s
34.3 rad/s
0.1114 m
v
r
e = = =

Insight: The ball travels about 8.55 mi/h. The reason we can determine its angular speed is because it rolls
without slipping. If it is kicked very hard, it will fly through the air, spinning freely, and there would be no
relationship between its angular and center-of-mass velocities. We bent the rules for significant figures in step
1 to avoid rounding error.