THE SUBJUNCTIVE

The subjunctive is the grammatical mood ex ressing a unreal! virtual! unaccom lished state or event" it ex resses unrealit#! actions contrar# to the $act! ex ressed b# the indicative% Synthetical subjunctive 1.The old form,identical with present infinitive: So be it& 'od bless #ou& Come (hat ma#& 2.The Present/Past Subjunctive, identical in form with the Past tense, showin present unreality. It is used a$ter) *i$! in case! su osing! unless *even i$+though *as i$+though *(ish! i$ onl# *(ould rather+sooner *it,s high +about time I (ish I (ere there% !.The Past Perfect Subjunctive, identical in form with the Past Perfect, showin past unreality. I (ish I had been there% "nalytical Subjunctive *ma-es use o$ auxiliaries (hich are $ollo(ed b# the in$initive or er$ect in$initive o$ lexical verbs ! to ex ress time relationshi s and other shades o$ meaning) #ay/#i ht $ %nfinitive) #ay #ou live long&.a (ish/ Jane ho es #ou may come bac- soon%.ho e/ The# (ere a$raid the# mi ht miss the train%.$ear/ She has told #ou this so that #ou may &now ho( he is%. ur ose/ 0hatever she may say, do not heed her (ords%.concession/ She tal-s as i$ +though she may be the boss here%.com arison/ It is ossible that 'eorge ma# see her%.a$ter it is ossible+li-el#+ robable/ Jerr# (ishes he mi ht have met #ou% .un$ul$illed action/ Should $ %nfinitive, to sho( that an action is desired! ossible etc% It is a shame that #ou .should' ma&e such mista-es% (ill/(ould $ %nfinitive, to ex ress purpose) The# are climbing higher so that the# will et a better vie(% The "nalytical Subjunctive is usually used after) )it is/was $ adj%) essential! necessar#! advisable! better! $air etc% )verbs) suggest! ro ose! insist! demand! command! recommend etc% )nouns derived $rom the above verbs) intention! idea! suggestion! ro osal! etc% )lest, in case )in inverted conditional sentences) Should the ain return! call a doctor& (ould rather 1 2%3ast Sim le .polite request/) I,d rather #ou (ent outside to smo-e% . di$$ erent subjects/

4%3ast 3er$ect .criticism about the past/)I,d rather #ou had (arned me% . di$$ subj/ 5%3er$ect In$initive) .for smth. you would have preferred to do in contrast with what you actually did) . re$erence about the ast/:I,d rather have studied 'erman than 6rench% 7% Short In$initive) I,d rather sta# inside toda#% . re$erence about the resent/ *an/*ould $ %nfinitive as an in$ormal e8uivalent $or may/might + infinitive: I,ll sho( #ou m# boo- so that #ou can+could reali9e its im ortance% The moods em lo#ed in :omanian to translate the English anal#tical subjunctive are) conjunctiv ! indicativ si conditional%