Computer Communication & Networks

MID Term Exam (Spring 2009)

age ! " !2

Computer Communication & Networks

Spring 2009

*o)) Num+er ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Name ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Signature- ,,,,,,,,,,

MID Term Exam

#ri$a%& 'r$ (pri) 2009

Total Time: 90 Minutes Total Marks: 46

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Signature o. In/igi)ator

Course Instructors: Engr !alee" E#a$

% Marks *+taine" Marks & 9 ' &0 ( &' 4 9 ) 6 Total 46

,ou are a"-ise" to .E/D t0ese notes:

& 20 '0 30 50 60 90 :0 90 /ttempt t0e paper on t0e 1uestion paper N* E2T./ 34EET3 will +e pro-i"e" 5se t0e +ack o6 t0e page i6 more space is re1uire" 4owe-er7 no extra s0eet will +e c0ecke" (.ter aske$ to commence t1e exam& p)ease /eri.% t1at %ou 1a/e nine 899 "i66erent printe" pages inc)u$ing t1is tit)e page0 T1ere are ) 1uestions0 (ttempt a)) o. t1em0 It is a$/isa+)e to go t1roug1 t1e paper once +e.ore starting wit1 t1e .irst 2uestion0 ()) 2uestions $on4t carr% e1ual marks0 Marks .or su+parts are in$icate$0 I. part o. a pro+)em $epen$s on a pre/ious part t1at %ou are una+)e to so)/e& exp)ain t1e met1o$ .or $oing t1e current part& an$& i. possi+)e& gi/e t1e answer in terms o. t1e 2uantities o. t1e pre/ious part t1at %ou are una+)e to o+tain0 Exam is c)ose$ +ooks& c)ose$ notes0 )ease see t1at t1e area in %our t1res1o)$ is c)ean0 7ou wi)) +e c1arge$ .or an% materia) w1ic1 can +e c)assi.ie$ as 81e)ping in t1e paper4 .oun$ near %ou0 Ca)cu)ator s1aring is strict)% pro1i+ite$0 Stu$ents w1o attempt t1e paper wit1 lea" pencils )oose t1e rig1t to get t1em rec1ecke$0 T1e in/igi)ator present is not suppose$ to answer an% 2uestions0 No one ma% come to %our room .or corrections an$ %ou are not suppose$ to re2uest to ca)) an%one0 Make assumptions w1ere/er re2uire$ an$ c)ear)% mark t1em0

Computer Communication & Networks Question 1

MID Term Exam (Spring 2009)

age 2 " !2 [3+6]

!0 T1e .o))owing $iagram s1ows t1e +ottom t1ree )a%ers o. ;SI mo$e) on two mac1ines0

a0 <1ic1 )a%ers on w1ic1 mac1ines wou)$ +e a..ecte$ i. t1e protocol $e.ine$ .or )a%er 2 on mac1ine ( was c1ange$= So)ution>a%er 2 on mac1ine ? +0 <1ic1 )a%ers on w1ic1 mac1ines wou)$ +e a..ecte$ i. t1e ser-ice $e.ine$ .or )a%er ! on mac1ine ( was c1ange$= So)ution>a%er 2 on mac1ine ( 20 Consi$er t1e s)i$ing win$ow (*@ protoco)0 Suppose t1at t1e protoco) uses a /er% )arge se2uence num+er space t1at wou)$ not wraparoun$& an$ it starts .rom 00 (n$ t1e sen$er a)wa%s 1as .rames to sen$0 T1e recei/er a)wa%s sen$s an (CA w1en recei/ing a C*CB/a)i$ate$ $ata .rame0 >et S<S C 2 an$ *<S C !0 Moreo/er& we intro$uce a new retransmission sc1eme to t1e sen$er0 In t1is sc1eme& t1e sen$er wi)) imme$iate)% sen$ t1e o)$est unacknow)e$ge$ .rame i. it recei/es an o)$ (CA0 (n (CA is consi$ere$ o)$ i. it 1as +een recei/e$ +e.ore or t1e /a)ue o. t1e (CA is 00 (ssume t1at t1is retransmission sc1eme a)wa%s retransmits ear)ier t1an t1e case wit1 timeout mec1anism0 a0 Draw a timeB)ine $iagram .or t1e case w1ere t1e .irst $ata .rame (SN C 0) 1as +it errors an$ is $roppe$ +% t1e sen$er0 ()) su+se2uent transmissions ($ata an$ (CA) are assume$ to +e errorB.ree0 Draw t1e $iagram unti) t1e recei/er4s N#E (next .rame expecte$) C '0

Computer Communication & Networks

MID Term Exam (Spring 2009)

age ' " !2

:art a: 3<0

/ =0

; .<0

=& /ck =0 3<0 =0 /ck =& 3<& =& /ck =' 3<& =' .<( /ck =( .<& .<' .<0 .<& "iscar"s =&

Computer Communication & Networks

MID Term Exam (Spring 2009)

age 3 " !2

+0 Draw a timeB)ine $iagram .or t1e case w1ere t1e transmissions o. t1e .irst $ata .rame (SN C 0) an$ its (CA are errorB.ree& +ut t1e secon$ $ata .rame (SN C !) 1as +it errors an$ is $roppe$ +% t1e sen$er0 ()) su+se2uent transmissions ($ata an$ (CA) are assume$ to +e errorB.ree0 Draw t1e $iagram unti) t1e recei/er4s N#E (next .rame expecte$) C '0

art +3<0

=0 /ck =& =& 3<0 =' Discar"s =& /ck =& 3<& =& /ck =' 3<& =' /ck =( 3<( .<( .<4 .<' .<( .<& .<' .<0 .<&

Computer Communication & Networks @uestion 2 D2E2E2E3F

MID Term Exam (Spring 2009)

age 5 " !2

!0 <1at is t1e c1anne) capacit% .or a te)eprinter c1anne) wit1 a '00 GH +an$wi$t1 an$ a signa)BtoBnoise ratio o. '0 $?& w1ere t1e noise is w1ite t1erma) noise=

20 Ise CM to trans)ate /oice signa)0 Gow muc1 $ata rate is re2uire$=

'0 ( $igita) signa)ing s%stem is re2uire$ to 9600+ps an$ t1e c1anne) +an$wi$t1 is !02 AGH0 <1at is t1e maximum num+ers o. $iscrete /o)tage )e/e)s=

30 ( te)ep1one )ine is known to 1a/e a )oss o. '0 $?0 T1e input signa) power is measure$ as 00! <& an$ t1e output noise )e/e) is measure$ as 205J<0 ca)cu)ate t1e output signa)BtoBnoise ratio in $?0 ()og2C00'0!)

Computer Communication & Networks

MID Term Exam (Spring 2009)

age 6 " !2

Question 3 [6+6] !0 T1e mapping +etween messages a!a2a'a3 an$ co"ewor"s a!a2a'r'a3r2r! o. a (9& 3) ?)ock co$e is gi/en as .o))ows0 <e use Gamming Co$e to a$$ e/enBparit%Bc1ecks +its& w1ere r !Ca!Ea'Ea3& r2Ca!Ea2Ea3& an$ r'Ca!Ea2Ea' a0 Ki/en two messages m!C!000 an$ m2C0!0!& .in$ t1e co$ewor$s w! an$ w20 So)utionw!C!00!0!!& w2C0!0!!0! +0 <1at is t1e Gamming $istance o. co$ewor$s w! an$ w2= <1at is t1e co$e rate=

c0 Determine t1e Minimum $istance an$ errorBcorrection capacit% t1is co$e Message 0000 000! 00!0 00!! 0!00 0!0! 0!!0 0!!! Co$ewor$ 0000000 0000!!! 00!!00! 00!!!!0 0!0!0!0 = 0!!00!! 0!!0!00 Message !000 !00! !0!0 !0!! !!00 !!0! !!!0 !!!! Co$ewor$ = !00!!00 !0!00!0 !0!0!0! !!0000! !!00!!0 !!!!000 !!!!!!!

Computer Communication & Networks

MID Term Exam (Spring 2009)

age 9 " !2

20 T1e .o))owing +)ock o. +its is recei/e$ at t1e input to a c1anne) $eco$er!!00!000!0!00! Determine i. t1is +)ock o. +its contains an% +it errors (an$& i. possi+)e& t1e )ocations o. an% suc1 errors) i. t1e c1anne) co$ing sc1eme is +ase$ ona0 E/en arit% +0 ;$$ parit% +ase$ 1amming Co$ing c0 C*CB3 co$ing wit1 a generator po)%nomia) o. K(x)C x3Ex'E! Comment on t1e )imitations o. eac1 sc1eme in terms o. t1e maximum num+er o. +it errors t1at can +e re)ia+)% processe$ in a sing)e +)ock0

8a9 !!00!000!0!00! No Error is $etecte$ it can $etect ! +it or o$$ num+ers o. errors0 8+9 ! ! 0 0 ! 000!0!00! !3 !' !2 !! !0 9 : 9 6 5 3 ' 2 ! r: r! r2 r3 r: ! ' 5 9 9 !! !' 2 ' 6 9 !0 !! !3 3 5 6 9 !2 !' !3 : 9 !0 !! !2 !' !3 r3 r2 r! ! 0 ! 0

Gamming $istance )imitiHes error $etection an$ correction capa+i)it%0

Computer Communication & Networks 8c9 &0000000&& &&00& &&00&000&0&00& &&00& 000000 000000 000000 000000 0000 0000 000& 0000 00&0 0000 0&0& 0000 &0&0 0000 &0&00 &&00& &&0&& &&00& 0&0 Question 4

MID Term Exam (Spring 2009)

age : " !2

>imitations: It can onl? "etect not correct t0e errors

.emain"er [1+1+1+2+2+2]

<e are sen$ing a '0 M+ .i)e .rom a source 1ost to a $estination 1ost0 Suppose t1e message sent consists o. t1e entire .i)e0 ()) )inks in t1e pat1 +etween source an$ $estination 1a/e a transmission rate o. !0 M+ps0 (ssume t1at t1e propagation spee$ o. eac1 )ink is 2 L !0 : meters"sec& an$ t1e $istance +etween source an$ $estination is !0&000 km0 a0 Initia))%& suppose t1ere is on)% one )ink +etween source an$ $estination0 <1at is transmission $e)a%=

transmission $e)a% is $transmission C message siHe C '0 M+its C ' sec transmission rate o. out+oun$ )ink !0 M+ps

+0 *e.erring to t1e a+o/e 2uestion& w1at is t1e en$BtoBen$ $e)a% (transmission $e)a% p)us propagation $e)a%)=

$prop C $istance C !09 meters C 0005 sec

Computer Communication & Networks

MID Term Exam (Spring 2009)

age 9 " !2

spee$ 2 M !0: meters"sec $en$BtoBen$C $transmission E $prop C ' E 0005 C '005 sec

c0 *e.erring to t1e a+o/e 2uestion& 1ow man% +its wi)) t1e source 1a/e transmitte$ w1en t1e .irst +it arri/es at t1e $estination=

(t time tC0& t1e .irst +it wi)) +e pus1e$ out .rom t1e source an$ it wi)) incur a propagation $e)a% C 0005 sec0 So& it wi)) arri/e at ? at t C 0005 sec0 T1e transmission rate o. t1e )ink is !0 M+ps0 So& w1en t1e .irst +it arri/es at ? in 0005 sec& t1e source wi)) 1a/e transmitte$!0 M+ps M 0005 sec C 005 M+its C 005 M !06 C 500&000 +its

$0 Now& suppose t1ere are two )inks +etween source an$ $estination& wit1 one router connecting t1e two )inks0 Eac1 )ink is 5&000 km )ong0 Suppose processing $e)a% is neg)igi+)e an$ t1ere is no congestion& so t1at t1e message is transmitte$ onto t1e secon$ )ink as soon as t1e router recei/es t1e entire message0 <1at is t1e en$BtoBen$ $e)a%=

processing $e)a% is neg)igi+)e an$ t1ere is no congestion& so t1at t1e message is transmitte$ onto t1e secon$ )ink as soon as t1e router recei/es t1e entire message0 T1e en$BtoBen$ $e)a% is $transmission (SourceB*outer) C message siHe C '0 M+its C ' sec transmission rate o. out+oun$ )ink !0 M+ps

Computer Communication & Networks

MID Term Exam (Spring 2009)

age !0 " !2

$prop (SourceB*outer) C $istance C 5 M !06 meters C 00025 sec spee$ 2 M !0: meters"sec T1e transmission an$ propagation $e)a%s .rom *outer to Destination are t1e same0 $en$BtoBen$C ($transmission E $prop ) M 2 C (' E 00025) M 2 C 6005 sec

e0 Now& suppose t1ere is on)% one )ink +etween source an$ $estination& an$ t1ere are !0 TDM c1anne)s in t1e )ink0 T1e .i)e is sent o/er one o. t1e c1anne)s0 <1at is t1e en$BtoBen$ $e)a%=

Transmission rate o. one c1anne)C )ink transmission rateC!0 M+ps C ! M+ps no0 o. c1anne)s !0 c1anne)s $transmission C message siHe C '0 M+its C '0 sec transmission rate o. out+oun$ )ink ! M+ps $prop C $istance C !09 meters C 0005 sec spee$ 2 M !0: meters"sec $en$BtoBen$C $transmission E $prop C '0 E 0005 C '0005 sec

.0 Now& suppose t1ere is on)% one )ink +etween source an$ $estination& an$ t1ere are !0 #DM c1anne)s in t1e )ink0 T1e .i)e is sent o/er one o. t1e c1anne)s0 <1at is t1e en$BtoBen$ $e)a%=

Transmission rate o. one c1anne) C !0 M+ps C ! M+ps

Computer Communication & Networks

MID Term Exam (Spring 2009)

age !! " !2

!0 c1anne)s $transmission C message siHe C '0 M+its C '0 sec transmission rate o. out+oun$ )ink ! M+ps $prop C $istance C !09 meters C 0005 sec spee$ 2 M !0: meters"sec $en$BtoBen$C $transmission E $prop C '0 E 0005 C '0005 sec

Question 5

[3+3]

a0 Suppose t1at a s%nc1ronous seria) $ata transmission is c)ocke$ +% two c)ocks (one at t1e sen$er an$ one at t1e recei/er) t1at $ri.t one minute per $a% in opposite $irection0 (ssume t1at a +it wa/e.orm wi)) +e goo$ i. it is samp)e wit1in 30 percent o. its center0 Gow )ong a se2uence o. +its can +e sent +e.ore possi+)e c)ock $ri.t cou)$ cause a pro+)em=

+0 ( $ata source pro$uces !5B+it c1aracters0 <e use s%nc1ronous transmission& wit1 a .rame consisting o. !96 contro) +its an$ !023 in.ormation +its0 T1e in.ormation .ie)$ contains !6B+it (parit% inc)u$e$) c1aracters0 Deri/e as expression o. t1e maximum e..ecti/e $ata rate o/er a 2 k+ps )ine0

Computer Communication & Networks

MID Term Exam (Spring 2009)

age !2 " !2