ECE203 Version No.: Prerequisite: 1.

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Modulation Techniques

L T P C 3 0 2 4

ECE101 Electron Devices and Circuits

Objectives: To introduce the elements of communication systems, describe the generalized block diagram and the types of communication systems. To discuss the concepts of noise, noise voltage, noise temperature, SNR of various modulation schemes. To explain the need for modulation and describe the concepts behind the CW, PM, Angle modulation techniques. To illustrate and explain various pulse modulation techniques Expected Outcome: 1. Analyze the effects of noise in CW &angle modulation 2. Demonstrate the generation and detection of amplitude and angle modulation techniques 3. Identify and compare different pulse modulation techniques Unit I Introduction to Communication System Need and Importance of Communication, Elements of Communication System, Generalized block diagram of communication system, Role of each block (information source, transmitter, channel/communication media, receiver).Types of communication systems- Simplex and Duplex systems, Analog and digital systems, Applications of Electronic Communications, Electromagnetic Spectrum used in communication and various frequency bands, Concept of bandwidth. Unit II Amplitude Modulation Need for modulation amplitude modulation frequency spectrum Power relation different types of modulators SSB and VSB modulation and demodulation. AM transmitters Block diagram functions of each block high level transmitters- Problems. Unit III Angle Modulation Principle of frequency and phase modulation Relation between FM and PM waves Bandwidth of FM Narrow band wide band FM Generation of FM wave Direct and Indirect methods FM transmitters Block diagram functions of each block- Problems. Unit IV Noise, Detection and Receivers Noise in communication and types of noise (External and Internal), Noise voltage, Signal-tonoise ratio, Noise figure, Noise temperature. Noise in CW modulation systems: Receiver model, signal to noise ratio (SNR), noise figure, noise temperature, noise in DSB-SC, SSB, AM & FM receivers, pre-emphasis and de-emphasis Detection Diode detectors Synchronous detection FM detectors slope detectors Phase discriminators Ratio detectors. Receiver different types super hetero dyne receivers Block diagram Choice of IF and Oscillator frequencies Tracking alignment AVC, AFC Receiver characteristics.

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Unit V Pulse Modulation Systems Sampling theorem Pulse amplitude modulation Channel bandwidth for PAM detection of PAM signals Pulse width modulation generation of PWM and PPM conversion of PWM to PPM detection of PWM and PPM TDM & FDM, problems related to TDM & FDM. Textbooks 1. G. Kennedy, Electronic Communication Systems, McGraw Hill, 2006. 2. Roddy and Coolen, Electronic Communication, Prentice Hall of India, 2005. Reference Books 1. Taub and Schilling, Principles of Communication Systems, McGraw Hill, 2007. 2. Wayne Tomasi, Electronic Communications Systems Fundamentals Through advanced, 5th Edition, Pearson Education, 2005. 3. Wayne Tomasi, Electronic Communications Systems Fundamentals Through advanced, 4th Edition, Pearson Education, 2007. Mode of Evaluation: CAT- I & II, Quizzes, Assignments/ other tests, Term End Examination.

ECE203 List of Experiments: 1. Amplitude modulation 2. Amplitude demodulation 3. Frequency modulation 4. Frequency demodulation 5. Pulse amplitude modulation 6. Pulse width modulation 7. Mixer 8. Pre-emphasis 9. De-emphasis 10. Sample and Hold Circuit.

Modulation Techniques Lab

11. Noise calculation in AM receiver using MATLAB. 12. Noise calculation in FM receiver using MATLAB.

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