COMPUTER Computer is an electronic device or programmable machine that manipulates information or data (input) and produces the result

(output). It has the ability of storing, retrieving and processing the data.It is composed of hardware and software in it. Functioning

Input Devices Access the data Central Processing Unit (CPU) Process the data Output Devices- Produces the result Storage Devices (RAM) Stores the result Hope!! You understood this concept how computer access the data (input) and provides the output using some major components. Explanation is given for each and every component at below HARDWARE Term hardware refers to physical components or elements of the computer like keyboard, Mouse, Monitor, Printer, Disk and Chips

SOFTWARE

Term Software refers to set of instructions that tell the hardware what to do. Software will be loaded from Disk to RAM (Random Access Memory) Some of the examples are Games, web browsers and word processors such as Microsoft word Can a computer run without software??? Yes, it is possible .But if u wants to create some documents and power points you need some softwares. For example if you want to create a document you need word processor Software will give some additional capabilities to your computer Confused????????

To prepare the Food, Vegetables are required and to preserve the Vegetables, a Refrigerator is essential. Similarly to run a program Software is required and to establish the Software, Hardware is essential. Hope you understood this. Lets move to hardware components HARDWARE COMPONENTS Internal hardware components CPU Mother Board RAM Sound Card Video Card Hard Drive DVD External Hardware components Keyboard Mouse Printer Scanner Monitor Speakers

Input Devices (accesses the data) Devices which helps us to interact with computer is nothing but input devices Ex: Keyboard and Mouse Output Devices (provides the output) Devices which sends back the information to you is nothing but Output Devices Ex: Monitor and Printer

Central Processing Unit (processes the data) Central Processing Unit (CPU) Central Processing Unit is also called as the Brain of the Computer or Main Processor which controls all the systems inner functions. It is very easy to replace because it is inserted into the socket and is not soldered onto the motherboard A computer may contain more than one CPU which is nothing but MULTIPROCESSING MULTIPROCE Two main parts of CPU are Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) Control Unit (CU). Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): ALU is also called as basic building blocks of Central Processing Unit, which performs all arithmetic and logical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division Control Unit (CU): Control Unit controls the entire processing. It helps in the communication between Memory and ALU

Memory (stores the result) A place where we can store the data or set of instructions to access them while performing the operations There are two types of memories (storage devices) RAM (Random Access Memory) ROM (Read Only Memory) RAM (Random Access Memory) RAM (Random Access Memory) is one of the storage devices which performs both read and write operations. But RAM is Volatile in nature it loses the data when there is no power supply. It is fast while programming when compared to ROM There are two types of RAM DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) SRAM ( Static Random Access Memory) ROM (Read Only Memory) Main advantage of ROM is that we can easily alter the data or reprogrammable. Advantage of ROM is Non Volatile in nature which does not loses any data when there is no power supply. Motherboard may consist of more than one ROM chips. Types of ROM ROM- Read only Memory PROM- Programmable Read only Memory EPROM- Erasable Programmable Read only Memory EEPROM- Electrically Erasable Programmable Read only Memory Flash EEPROM memory RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY(RAM) Volatile Both Read and Write Data is Temporary Faster While Programming READ ONLY MEMORY(ROM) Non-Volatile Only Read Data is Permanent(Reusable) Slower

High Cost Larger in Size

Low Cost Smaller in Size

OPERATING SYSTEMS (OS) Operating System is a type of software that allows computer hardware to communicate with software. A computer without OS is a mere machine Ex: DOS (Disk Operating System), Linux, Solaris

Types of operating systems Graphical User Interface (GUI) GUI is an interface, which allows us to interact with electronic devices like mobiles, gaming devicesand Mp3 players using some graphical icons Ex:Windows 98, Windows CE, System 7.X Multi-user operating system Application software which allows multiple users to access the computer with time sharing system Ex: Linux, UNIX, Windows 2000 Multiprocessor operating system An operating system which supports the utilization of two or more processors on single computer Ex: Linux, UNIX, Windows 2000 Multi-Tasking An operating system which supports multiple processes at the time Ex: Unix, Windows 2000

Multithreading This operating system will allows the software to perform some parts of program to run concurrently Ex: Linux, UNIX, Windows 2000

A
AAL- ATM Adaption Layer ACL- Access Control List ADO- ActiveX Data Objects ADSL-Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ADT- Abstract Data Type ALGOL- Algorithmic Language ALU- Arithmetic and Logical Unit ANSI- American National Standard Institute ARP- Address Resolution Protocol ARPA- Address and Routing Parameter Area ARPA- Advanced Research Projects Agency ARPANET- Advanced Research Projects Agency Network AS- Access Server ASCII- American Standard Code for Information Interchange ASM- Algorithmic State Machine ASP- Active Server Pages ASP- Application Server Provider AT- Access Time AT- Active Terminology ATM- Asynchronous Transfer Mode AVC- Advanced Video Coding AVI- Audio Video Interleaved AWT- Abstract Window Toolkit

B
BAL- Basic Assembly Language BASIC- Beginners All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code BCD- Binary Coded Decimal BCNF- Boyce-codd Normal Form BER- Bit Error Rate BIN- Binary BINAC- Binary Automatic Computer BIOS- Basic Input Output System BLOB- Binary Large Object BNC- Bayonet Neill-Concelman BPS- Bits per Second

C
CAD- Computer Aided Design CAM- Computer Aided Manufacturing CAT- Computer Aided Translation CASE- Computer-Aided Software Engineering CDMA- Code Division Multiple Access CD-ROM- CD Read Only Memory CIFS- Common Internet File System

CISC- Complex Instruction Set Computer CLR- Common Language Runtime CMOS- Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor COBOL- Common Business Oriented Language COM- Component Object Model CORBA- Common Object Request Broker Architecture CPS- Characters per Second CPU- Central Processing Unit CRC- Cyclic Redundancy Check

D
DAC- Digital to Analog Converter DAO- Data Access Objects DAP- Directory access protocol DBA- Data Base Administrator DCCP- Datagram Congestion Control Protocol DCL- Data Control Language DCOM- Distributed Component Object Model DDE- Dynamic Data Exchange DES- Data Encryption Standard DFD- Data Flow Diagram DFS- Distributed File System DHCP- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHTML- Dynamic Hyper Text Markup Language DMA- Direct Memory Access DML- Data Manipulation Language DNS- Domain Name System DOM- Document Object Model DoS- Denial of Service DRAM- Dynamic Random Access Memory DSDL- Document Schema Definition Languages DSL- Digital Subscriber Line DSL- Domain Specific Language DVD- Digital Video Disc DVD-ROM DVD Read Only Memory DVI- Digital Video Interface DVR- Digital Video Recorder

E
EAI- Extensible Authentication Protocol EBML- Extensible Binary Meta Language EEPROM- Electronically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory EFI- Extensible Firmware Interface ELM- Electronic Mail EOF- End of File EOL- End of Line

EUC- Extended UNIX Code EXT- Extended File System

F
FAP- FORTRAN Assembly Program FAT- File Allocation Table FAQ- Frequently Asked Questions FDD- Floppy Disk Drive FDDI- Fiber Distributed Data Interface FDMA- Frequency Division Multiple Access FEC- Forward Error Correction FHS- File system Hierarchy Standard FIFO- First in First out FORTRAN- Formula Translation FPS- Floating Point System FSM- Finite State Machine FTTP- Fiber to the Premises FTP- File Transfer Protocol FXP- File Exchange Protocol

G
GB- Giga Byte GIF- Graphic Interchange Format GIGO- Garbage in Garbage Out GIMP- GNU Image Manipulation Program GML- Geography Markup Language GUI- Graphical User Interface GWT- Google Web Toolkit

H
HBA- Host Bus Adaptor HDD- Hard Disk Drive HD DVD- High Definition DVD HDL- Hardware Description Language HID- Human Interface Device HP- Hewlett-Packard HPFS- High Performance File System HTM- Hierarchical Temporal Memory HTML- Hyper Text Markup language HTTP- Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Hz- Hertz

I
IC- Integrated Circuit ICE- In circuit Emulator ICMP- Internet Control Message Protocol ICP- Internet Cache Protocol

IDE- Integrated Development Environment IDL- Interface Definition Language IEEE- Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering IGRP- Integrated Gateway Routing Protocol IL- Intermediate Language IM- Instant Messenger IMAP- Internet Message Access Protocol IP- Internet Protocol IPC- Inter Process Communication IPL- Initial Program Load IPP- Internet Printing Protocol IPX- Internet Packet Exchange ISA- Instruction Set Architecture ISDN- Integrated Services Digital Network ISO- International Organization for Standardization ISP- Internet Service Provider

J
J2EE- Java 2 Enterprise Edition J2SE- Java 2 standard Edition JDBC- Java Database Connectivity JDK- Java Development Kit JFC- Java Foundation Classes JMS- Java Message Service JNDI- Java Naming and Directory Interface JNI- Java Native Interface JPEG- Joint Photographic Experts Group JRE- Java Runtime Environment JS- Java Script JSP- Java Server Pages JVM- Java Virtual Machine

K
KB- Kilo Byte KHz- Kilo Hertz KBPS- Kilo Bytes Per Second

L
LAN- Local Area Network LCD- Liquid Crystal Display LCR- Least Cost Routing LED- Light Emitting Diode LIFO- Last in First Out LOC- Lines of Code M MAC- Media Access Control MAN- Metropolitan Area Network

MANET- Mobile Ad-Hoc Network MDA- Mail Delivery Agent MIB- Management Information Base MICR- Magnetic Ink Character Recognition MIDI- Musical Instrument Digital Interface MIMD- Multiple Instruction Multiple Data MIMO- Multiple Input Multiple Output MIPS- Million Instructions Per Second MOSFET- Metal-Oxide Semi-conductor Field Effect Transistor MPEG- Motion Pictures Expert Group MTA- Mail Transfer Agent MX- Mail Exchange

N
NACK- Negative Acknowledgement NAT- Network Address Translation NFS- Network File System NOS- Network Operating System NUMA- Non-Uniform Memory Access NVR- Network Video Recorder NVRAM- Non-Volatile Random Access Memory

O
OASIS- Organization for the advancement of Structured Information Standards ODBC- Open Data Base Connectivity OLAP- Online Analytical Processing OLE- Object Linking and Embedding OLTP- Online Transaction Processing OOP- Object Oriented Programming OPML- Outline Processor Markup Language ORB- Object Request Broker OSI- Open Systems Interconnection

P
PAN- Personal Area Network PAP- Password Authentication Protocol PDA- Personal Digital Assistant PDF- Portable Document Format PERL- Practical Extraction and Reporting Language PHP- PHP-Hypertext Preprocessor PPI- Pixels per Inch PVR- Personal Video Recorder

Q
QA- Quality Assurance QOS- Quality of Service

RAM- Random Access Memory RDBMS- Relational Data Base Connectivity RDM- Relational Data Model RDS- Remote Data Service RIP- Routing Information Protocol RMI- Remote Method Invocationn ROM- Read Only Memory RPC- Remote Procedure Call

S
SaaS- Software as a Service SAN- Storage Area Network SAX- Simple Area for XML SCADA- Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SCID- Source Code in Data Base SDH- Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SDK- Software Development Kit SMS- Short Message Service SMT- Simultaneous Multithreading SNTP- Simple Network Time Protocol SOA- Service-Oriented Architecture SOAP- Simple Object Access Protocol SPARC- Scalable Process Architecture SQL- Structured Query Language

T
TCP- Transmission Control Protocol TCP/IP- Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol TDMA- Time Division Multiple Access

U
UDP- User Datagram Protocol UHF- Ultra High Frequency UI- User Interface UML- Unified Modeling Language UPS-Uninterruptible Power Supply URL- Uniform Resource Locator USB- Universal Serial Bus

V
VBA- Virtual Basic For Application VBS- Visual Basic Script VFS- Virtual File System VHF- Very High Frequency VLAN- Virtual Local Area Network VLF- Very Low Frequency VM- Virtual Machine

VoIP- Video over Internet Protocol VPU- Virtual Processing Unit VSAM- Virtual Storage Access Method

W
WAFS- Web Area File Services WAN- Wide Area Network WAP- Wireless Access Point WiMAX- World Wide Interoperability for Microwave Access WLAN- Wireless Local Area Network WMV- Windows Media Video WPA- Wi-Fi Protected Access WWW- World Wide Web

X
XAML- Extensible Application Mark-up Language XHTML-Extensible Hyper Text Mark-up Language XSL- Extensible Style sheet Language

Z
ZIF- Zero Insertion Force ZOI- Zero One Infinity

ATM: Asynchronous Transfer Mode ARP: Address Resolution Protocol BIT: Binary Digit BIOS: Basic Input Output System CPU: Central Processing Unit CAD: Computer Aided Design CAM: Computer Aided Manufacturing CDAC: Centre for Development of Advanced Parallel Computing CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access COBOL: Common Business Oriented Language DOS: Disk Operating Systems DNS: Domain Name System E-MAIL: Electronic Mail FAX: Far Away Xerox FDD: Floppy Disk Drive FORTRAN: Formula Translation FTP: File Transfer Protocol GIF: Graphics Interchange Format HDD: Hard Disk Drive HTML: Hyper Text Markup Language HTTP: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol HTTPS: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure IC: Integrated Circuit ISP: Internet Service Provider JPEG: Joint photographic Experts Group

MAC: Media Access Control MIPS: Millions of Instructions Per Second MPEG: Motion Picture Experts group MAN: Metropolitan Area Network MODEM: Modulation Demodulation MS-DOS: Micro Soft Disk Operating system NIC: Network Interface Card OMR: Optical Mark Reader RAM: Random Access Memory ROM: Read Only Memory SMS: System Management Server SAP: Service Access Point SONET: Synchronous Optical Network UDP: User Datagram Protocol URL: Uniform Resource Locator VLSI: Very Large scale Integrated WWW: World Wide Web Wi-Fi: Wireless Fidelity WAN: Wide Area Network WiMAX: Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access ZIP: Zone Improvement Plan Inventor of Computer Charles Babbage First Modern Computer in the World- ENIAC First Commercial Computer Univac First Programmable Digital Computer SEAC (Standards Eastern Automatic Computer) ENIAC was developed by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert Inventor of Punch Cards in Computer Hollerith First Computer Programming Languages- FORTRAN, LISP and COBOL Computer Graphics was developed by William Fetter ARPANET was developed by DARPA First Compiler was developed by Dr. Grace Murray Hopper Father of Computer Animations- John Whitney First movie to use Digital Image Processing- West World in 1973 Computer Mouse was invented by- Douglas Engel Bart Computer Keyboard was invented by- Christopher Latham Sholes Laptop Computer was invented by Adam Osborne First Graphical Computer Game was invented by- A.S. Douglas Computer BIOS was invented by Gary Kildall Inventor of Computer Bug- Dr. Grace Murray Hopper Inventors of Computer Chip (IC) Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce Father of Computer Hard Disk- Reynold Johnson Inventor of First Data Base Dr. Edgar Frank Codd Inventor of Ethernet Computer Networking- David Boggs, Chuck Thacker and Butler Lampsonin Xerox PARC Inventor of Computer Scanner Ray Kurzweil

Inventor of Computer Speakers- Abinawan Puracchidas Inventor of MS-DOS Operating Systems- Microsoft Inventors of first computer Microprocessors Faggin , Hoff & Mazor Inventor of Spacewar computer Game Steve Russell & MIT UNIVAC was developed by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert Inventor of Z1 computer- Konrad Zuse Inventor of ABC computer John Atanasoff & Clifford Berry GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS The Computer devices are really made cheaper in rate, smaller in size, more powerful in consumption and more efficient in functioning due to the random technical development and change of basic computer operations. Knowledge of Five generations of computers is also essential to attempt online Aptitude Test in Computer knowledge. Vacuum Tubes in first generation were replaced by Transistors of second generation. These transistors were replaced by third generation Integrated Circuits. Fourth Generation Microprocessors replaced these Integrated Circuits and the present Fifth generation Artificial Intelligence dominated these Microprocessors. Hence the latest Computer knowledge is required to update your performance in Online Aptitude Tests. The details of all five generations of computers are furnished here to have a quick glance while attempting Online Aptitude Test in Computer Knowledge. Sl. No. 1 Description GENERATIONS FIRST Period 1946-1959 SECOND 1959-1965 THIRD 1965-1971 FOURTH FIFTH

Types of keys in Keyboard Keyboard was invented by Christopher Latham Sholes. Keyboard is an input device, used for entering data with the help of numbers, letters and symbols provided on the keyboard. There are many types of keys on the keyboard they are. Typewriter Keys (Alpha numeric, Punctuation, Special Keys) Function Keys (F1, F2, F3.F12) Enter Keys (Enter) System Keys ( Print Screen, Caps Lock and Num Lock) Numeric Keys (0, 1, 2..9) Application Key Cursor Control Key (Left, Right, Up, Down Arrows) Some Important Keyboard Shortcuts Ctrl + P -> Print the current page Win -> Open or close start menu Win + D -> Display the Desktop Win + M -> Minimize all Windows Win + E -> Open my computer Win + F -> Find or Search box Win + L -> Lock the keyboard Win + R -> Open Run at startup menu Ctrl + C -> Copy Ctrl + V -> Paste

Ctrl +X -> Cut Ctrl + Z -> Undo Ctrl + C -> Copy Ctrl + G -> Go to Ctrl + S -> Save Ctrl + W -> Close window or tab Ctrl + N -> New Window Ctrl + A -> Select all Shift + Delete -> Deletes permanently Home -> Top of the page End -> Bottom of the Page

Data Base Management Systems

Data: Data is nothing but collection of information Meta Data: The data which describes the characteristics and properties of other data is called Meta data. Simply we can say that Meta data is nothing but data about data. Data Base: Collection of a related data with an implicit meaning is called as Data Base Example: If you want to store details of a person i.e. Name, Phone Number, Address and Place. You will store it in a hard drive or in a software such as MS Word or MS Excel called as data base. We can also consider a page as a data base as it is the collection of related data at one place. So this collection of related data together at one place is called Data Base. This information stored is accessed by application program by sending some queries. Data Base Management System (DBMS): DBMS is a software used for maintaining and implementing the data base. Applications of DBMS: Banking Tele Communications Credit Card Transactions Airlines Finance Sales Human Resources Manufacturing Data Base + DBMS = Data Base System There are three types of actors for maintaining this data base Data Base Administrator: Responsible for maintaining the resources Data Base Designer: Identifies the data in data base End User: Responsible for querying, updating and generating the reports Advantages of DBMS: Redundancy will be decreased Multiple users can access at same time Restricting Unauthorized Access Providing Backup and Recovery Data Base Management System (DBMS) Languages: DDL (Data Definition Language) DML (Data Manipulation Language)

SDL (Storage Definition Language) VDL (View Definition Language) Data Abstraction: An abstract view of the hidden data details of how data is stored and maintained is given in architecture in three levels or layers. Levels of Data Abstraction: Physical Level Logical Level View Level Instance: Collection of data stored in data base at particular moment is called instance. Schema: Overall design of data base is called schema There are three types of schema 1. Physical Schema 2. Logical Schema 3. Conceptual Schema Data Models: A data model is a collection of conceptual tools for describing data, data relationships, data semantics and consistency constraints Entity Relationship Model: (ER Model) Symbols of ER Diagrams:

Cardinality: It is the ratio that expresses the number of entities on one side associated with number of entities on another side Types of Cardinalities:

One-to-one: A manager will manage only one branch of the bank One-to-many: A branch may hold many accounts Many-to-many: Many customers may own many accounts

MS Excel Shortcut keys List for Bank Online

F2 Edit the selected cell

F3

After a name has been created F3 will paste names

F5

Go to a specific cell. For example, C6

F7

Spell check selected text or document

F11

Create chart from selected data

Ctrl + Shift + ;

Enter the current time

Ctrl + ;

Enter the current date

Alt + Shift + F1

Insert new worksheet

Shift + F3

Open the Excel formula window

Shift + F5

Bring up search box

Ctrl + A

Select all contents of the worksheet

Ctrl + B

Bold highlighted section

Ctrl + I

Italic highlighted section

Ctrl + K

Insert link

Ctrl + U

Underline highlighted section

Ctrl + 1

Change the format of selected cells

Ctrl + 5

Strike through highlighted section

Ctrl + P

MS Word Shortcut Keys List for Bank Online Aptitude Tests

Posted by: admin August 28, 2013 in Computer Knowledge Comments Off

Welcome to edugeeks.in. Are you preparing for bank Online Aptitude tests? Want to get good score. Here is a solution to crack your Online Aptitude Test. MS word Shortcut Keys, one of the easiest topics for getting good score in bank online aptitude test. Questions in Bank online aptitude tests, relating to MS word are intended to know your documentations skills. By using MS Word shortcut keys and other functions, you can save your time and perform well in computer operations. MS word shortcut keys list is quite useful for documentation purpose also not only for online aptitude tests. The list of MS Word shortcut keys is given below. And with a simple memory, you can score well in online Aptitude tests by answering questions on MS word shortcut keys. Scoring good marks are very easy and effective in online aptitude tests, since it doesnt take much time and doesnt need any big calculations or any other processes. Hope!! You will like this MS word shortcut keys list which is useful for your bank Online Aptitude Tests. Go ahead, win the race and achieve your target.
Ctrl + 0 Adds or removes 6 pts of spacing before a paragraph Select all contents of the page

Ctrl + A

Ctrl + B Ctrl + C Ctrl + D Ctrl + E

Bold highlighted selection Copy selected text Open the font preferences window Aligns the line or selected text to the center of the screen Open find box Italic highlighted selection Aligns the selected text or line to justify the screen Insert ink Aligns the line or selected text to the left of the screen Indent the paragraph Open the print window Aligns the line or selected text to the right of the screen Create a hanging indent Underline the highlighted selection Paste Cut selected text Redo the last action performed Undo Last Action Quickly create a bullet point

Ctrl + F Ctrl + I Ctrl + J

Ctrl + K Ctrl + L

Ctrl + M Ctrl + P Ctrl + R

Ctrl + T Ctrl + U Ctrl + V Ctrl + X Ctrl + Y Ctrl + Z Ctrl + Shift + L

Ctrl +Shift + F Ctrl + Shift + >

Change the font Increase selected font +1pts up to 12pt and then increases font +2pts Increases selected fonts +1pts Decrease selected font -1pts if 12pt or lower, if above 12 decreases font by +2pt Decrease selected font -1pts Insert a cent sign View or hide non printing characters Moves one word to left Moves one word to right Moves to the beginning of the line or paragraph Moves to the end of the paragraph Deletes word to the right of cursor Deletes word to the left of cursor Moves the cursor to the end of the documents Moves the cursor to the beginning of the document Reset highlighted text to the default font Single-space lines Double-space lines

Ctrl + ] Ctrl +Shift + <

Ctrl + [ Ctrl + / + C Ctrl +Shift + * Ctrl + <left arrow> Ctrl + <right arrow> Ctrl + <up arrow>

Ctrl + <down arrow> Ctrl + Del Ctrl + Backspace Ctrl + End Ctrl + Home

Ctrl + Spacebar Ctrl + 1 Ctrl + 2

Ctrl + 5 Ctrl + Alt + 1 Ctrl + Alt + 2 Ctrl + Alt + 3 Alt + Ctrl + F2 Ctrl + F1 Ctrl + F2 Ctrl + Shift + > Ctrl + Shift + < Ctrl + Shift + F6

1.5-line spacing Changes text to heading 1 Changes text to heading 2 Changes text to heading 3 Open new document Open the task pane Display the print preview Increases the highlighted text size by one Decreases the highlighted text size by one Opens to another open Microsoft Word Document Prints the document Open help Repeat the last action performed (Word 2000+) Open the find, replace, and go to the window in Microsoft Word Spellcheck and grammar check selected text or document Save as Change the text in Microsoft word from uppercase to lowercase or a capital letter at the beginning of the every word

Ctrl + Shift + F12 F1 F4 F5

F7

F12 Shift + F3

Shift + F7

Runs a Thesaurus check on the word highlighted Save Create a soft break instead of new paragraph Paste Insert the current date Insert the current time Selects text from where you click and hold to the point you drag and let go If double-click a word, selects the complete word Selects the line or paragraph of the text the mouse triple-clicked

Shift + F12 Shift + Enter Shift + Insert Shift + Alt + D Shift + Alt + T Click ,hold and drag

Double-click

Triple click

TYPES OF COMPUTERS An Electronic Device that accepts (INPUT), processes, produces (OUTPUT) and Stores (STORAGE) the data is called COMPUTER and this can be used to type documents, browse the Internet and to send e-mails in addition to attend specific operations required from time to time. It can store, retrieve and process the data. It can also be treated as Common Operational Machine Purposefully Used for Teaching, Entertainment and Research. Computers are basically classified into 2 categories based on their Principle of Operation and Nature of Configuration. The computers categorized on Operational Principle can be further divided into 3 categories such as Analog, Digital and Hybrid Computers. Similarly, the computers classified on Configuration nature can also be categorized into 4 Categories such as Micro, Mini, Mainframe and Super Computers. ANALOG COMPUTERS Analog Computer works on continuous range of varied values of Physical quantities like Temperature, Speed, Voltage, Pressure etc. and generates approximate results. DIGITAL COMPUTERS The Digital computer is designed with digital circuits in which there are two levels (logic 0 and logic 1) for an input and output signal. This computer is very much useful to solve complex problems in Engineering and Technology and hence it has increasing use in the field of design, research and data processing. If this digital computer is used for any type of application, then it is

called as General Purpose Computer and Special Purpose Computer when it is used for specific application/program. HYBRID COMPUTERS A computer used for automatic operations of complicated physical processes to transform the data into suitable form is called Hybrid Computer. The conversion of analog data as digital and vice-versa is the advantage of this computer. MICRO COMPUTERS The most commonly used computer by everybody at any place is called Micro Computer, in which Microprocessor is the major source of operation. Desktop Computers, Laptops, notebook computers, Palmtop computers, In-car Computers (Carputers), Handheld Game Consoles, Programme Calculators, Table Computers, Smart Phones, Smart Books, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) etc. are the examples for this computer.

DESKTOP COMPUTER

LAPTOP COMPUTER

IPAD COMPUTER

MINI COMPUTER The multi-user midrange Computer that works in between smallest multi-user systems and largest single-user system is called as Mini Computer.

MINI COMPUTER

MAINFRAME COMPUTER The computer capable for processing large amount of data very quickly to service multiple users from the smaller and single user machine is called as Mainframe Computer. These computers are used in Large Organizations/Establishments such as Government, Banks, Corporations etc. They respond to upto 100s of millions of users at a time and measured in MIPS (Million Instructions per Second).

MAINFRAME COMPUTER

SUPER COMPUTER An extremely fast computer capable to perform hundreds of millions of instructions per second is called Super Computer. These computers are used for applications of intensive numerical computations such as Weather forecasting, Stock Market Analysis, Scientific Calculations, Animated Graphics, Research Analysis etc.

SUPER COMPUTER

The entire description is abridged here under for ready reference: C O M P U T E R S PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION ANALOG COMPUTERS Computers used to measure variable quantities like Voltage, Temperature, Pressure, Speed etc. Computer used to process general programs/applications. Computer used process data for specific purpose/application to a

DIGITAL COMPUTERS

GENERAL PURPOSE COMPUTER SPECIAL PURPOSE COMPUTER

HYBRID COMPUTERS

Computer used to convert analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog data for a specialized task.

NATURE OF CONFIGURATION STORAGE DEVICES

We can simply say that the storage devices are the places where the computer stores the data. If we want to save the files, they can also be saved in hard disks. If you want to store the information in another computer, what is the storage device used?? Lets start our topic storage devices. Storage Devices are basically divided into three categories-Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Devices. One of the Primary storage devices is Random Access memory (RAM) and it cannot store data permanently (Volatile in Nature). Hard disks are secondary storage devices, which are used to store the data permanently (Non-Volatile in nature). Tertiary storage devices are removable mass storage devices that are used to transfer the data on different computers (Portable in Nature). Best example is Universal serial Bus (USB). Let see the detailed explanation of storage devices Primary storage Devices: Primary Storage Device is small in capacity, located inside the computer and lost its storage when the Computer is turned off. RAM is the main type of memory in Primary Storage Device. Random Access memory (RAM): RAM is often called as Primary storage device. It is volatile because data is wiped out when power is turned off. Access rate in Ram is very high as it is located very nearer to CPU. RAM is very expensive device. Main advantage is it performs both read and writes operations. Data moved from secondary storage to primary storage is nothing but Internal Memory or Main Memory. Example: Suppose if you open a program or a file, data stored in the secondary memory will be moved to primary memory. While you turned off your computer, data will be wiped off. You can say best example as Browsing. While you are browsing, data will be stored temporarily in primary storage devices and you may lose the entire data while Computer is turned off. Read only Memory (ROM): ROM performs only read operations. Data stored in ROM is permanent and it cannot be edited. This devise is used for storing the data for life time without any modifications. BIOS and Cache is also other Primary Storage Device. Cache Memory: One of the primary storage devices with high speed data access. Binary Input Output System (BIOS): BIOS is one of the important devices stored on the ROM. BIOS is responsible for checking the devices at Power on Time called POST ( Power On Self-Test). Any malfunctioning in computer will receive the error messages. Secondary Storage Devices: Secondary Storage Device is higher in capacity than Primary Device, located in the computer and stores the data permanently such as software. Hard Disk Drive is one of the main types of memory in Secondary Storage Devices. Secondary storage is also called asExternal Memory or Auxiliary Storage. Hard Disk: Hard disk is a Secondary storage device which is abbreviated as HD or HDD. This is the main storage device that stores the data permanently, until it is deleted. Disk controller is

responsible for performing all actions in hard disk. These hard disks are made up of Aluminum coated on both sides with magnetic material. Compared to primary storage devices, these devices are much costlier to use. Nowadays these devices are used to store personal data. Tertiary Storage Devices are removable mass storage devices mainly useful for storing the data in other computers, with portability in nature. We can USB as great example which accesses and saves the data very easily. Storage capacity varies for based on the device used. External Hard Drive, Floppy Disk, CD/DVD Disk and SD Card are also considered as Tertiary Storage Devices.These types of devices are also called as off-line storage devices.

Computer Basics for Bank Exams Browser Shortcuts

Browsing shortcut keys
Ctrl + 9 Ctrl + Tab Ctrl + Shift + Tab Ctrl + W Ctrl + F Ctrl + T Ctrl + N Alt + F4 Ctrl + H Ctrl + B Ctrl + P Alt + Home Home End Switch to Last Tab Switch to Next Tab Switch to Previous Tab Close the Current Tab Find on Page Open New Tab Open New Browser Window Close the Current Window Open History Open Bookmarks Print Page Go to Home Page Go to Top of the Page Go to Bottom of the Page

Ctrl + J Ctrl + D Ctrl + S Ctrl + U Ctrl + O F5 Backspace , Alt + Left Arrow Shift + Backspace, Alt + Left Arrow

Open Download History Bookmark the Current Website Save the Current Page on your Computer Open Source Code for Current Page Open a file from your computer Reload Back Forward

MS Outlook Shortcut Keys for Computer knowledge online test

Posted by: admin September 4, 2013 in Online Aptitude Test Comments Off

Welcome to edugeeks.in. MS outlook shortcut keys are one of the important topics in bank online aptitude tests. In Computer knowledge online test for bank exams, you will be asked MS office shortcut keys. Advantage of this Computer knowledge online test is you can score well, as it does not take much time to prepare this MS outlook shortcut keys and some more abbreviations. Little bit of concentration and hard work may do this bank online aptitude tests. Many Free online aptitude tests and materials are provided here, which are useful for your Computer knowledge online test. Are you worried about your Computer knowledge online test for bank exams, and then you are right place friends. You can find good number of stuff in this website for your bank online aptitude tests. Practice makes man perfect. Yes this is right, do much practice and get good marks in your Basic Computer Knowledge Quiz. We are conducting many free online aptitude tests here practice them well. You can grab much knowledge regarding this computer knowledge topic from here. This MS office shortcut keys will help a lot in your bank online aptitude tests, dont neglect this section. And please check all materials regarding this topic Click Here. Go ahead with confidence win the race and achieve your target.

Ctrl + A Select all Items Ctrl + B Bold Highlighted Section Ctrl + C Copy Selected Text Alt + S Send the e-mail

Ctrl + X Cut Ctrl + P Print Ctrl + G Go to Date Ctrl + M Send and Receive All Alt+ S Send Ctrl + U Underline Highlighted Section Ctrl + R Reply to an Email Ctrl + K Insert Hyperlink Ctrl + L Align Left Ctrl + R Align Right Ctrl + E Align Center Ctrl + T Post Reply Ctrl + F Forward an Email Ctrl + N Create a New Email Ctrl + Y Go to another Folder Ctrl + Shift + A Create a new appointment to your calendar Ctrl + Shift + O Open the Outbox Ctrl + Shift + I Open the Inbox Ctrl + Shift + K Add a New Task Ctrl + Shift + C Create a New Contact Ctrl + Shift + J Create a New Journal Entry Ctrl + Shift + V Move Folder Ctrl + Z Undo Last Action Esc Close an Open Menu Ctrl + Enter Send the e-mail Ctrl + 1 Switch To Mail Ctrl + 3 Switch To Contacts Ctrl + 7 Switch to Shortcuts Ctrl + Esc Display the Start Menu F2 Rename Folder F3 + Ctrl + E Go to Search Box

Computer Knowledge for Bank Online Aptitude Tests

Posted by: admin August 30, 2013 in Computer Knowledge, Online Aptitude Test Comments Off

MS power point shortcut

Ctrl +Shift +F6 Ctrl + F6

Go to previous presentation window Go to next presentation window

Alt + F10 Ctrl + F10 Ctrl + F5 Backspace Ctrl + Backspace Delete Ctrl + Delete Ctrl + X Ctrl + C Ctrl + V Ctrl + Z Ctrl + N Ctrl + O Ctrl + W Ctrl + S F12 Ctrl + P Ctrl + Q Ctrl + Y Ctrl +D

Maximize power point application window Maximize presentation window Restore presentation to previous size Delete character left Delete word left Delete character right Delete word right Cut Copy Paste Undo Open new presentation Open existing presentation Close Save Save as Print Exit power point Redo Duplicate

Ctrl + F Ctrl + H Ctrl + Shift + F7 Ctrl + G Shift + Click view button Ctrl + M

Find Replace Update links Show guides Switch to master view Create new slide

OSI MODEL This Computer awareness material on OSI model 7 layers is very important
for all bank exams. Main aim of asking this OSI model questions in IBPS/SBIRRB bank exams is to test whether you are good at the stuff how the messages will be sent and which protocols are included in this OSI model 7 layers. Hence this Computer awareness material on OSI 7 layers is designed with the process how the message will be transmitted in a network and the protocols used in these 7 layers. In computer awareness section good number of questions will be asked from this OSI model 7 layers material. Good materials are designed here exclusively for bank aspirants for making your preparation easy. Study our materials and online tests for enhancing chances of cracking bank exams. Keep visiting our site for more materials. All the best ISO/OSI Model: How the data will be transmitted between two points on a Network?? OSI MODEL: OSI stands for Open Systems Interconnection. Main aim of OSI is to describe how data will be transmitted between two points on a telecommunication. OSI is of seven layers and they are divided into two parts 1. Application 2. Presentation 3. Session 4. Transport 5. Network 6. Data Link 7. Physical Application, Presentation and Session comes under Application Set Transport, Network, Data link and Physical comes under Transport Set See this diagram for Quick Reference

Layer Responsible for interacting with OS while sending mails APPLICATION LAYER: This is the layer responsible to communicate with operating systems whenever user choses to send e-mails, files or documents. Functions: File accessing Directory Services Inter-process communication Network Management Directory Services Mailing System (EMAIL) Protocols Used: FTP, HTTP, SMTP, DNS, NFS, TELNET File Transfer System (FTP): Used for transferring files over network Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP): Allows the servers and browsers to interact each other Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP): Used for transferring emails between servers Domain Name System (DNS): Translates the domain and host names to IP Address TELNET: Terminal emulation program which connects PS to the server on the network Network File System (NFS): A system designed by SUN Microsystems for accessing files on different computers Layer responsible for converting the data understandable by other layers PRESENTATION LAYER: Presentation layer is responsible for converting the data provided by application layer, which is understandable by remaining Layers. We can say this is the Translator of the network. Presentation Layer is also called as Syntax Layer Functions: Code Translation (ASCII to human readable) Data Conversion Data Compression Data Encryption Protocols Used: ASCII, EBCDIC, MIDI, MPEG, JPEG American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII): Represents the English Alphabets as Numbers Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC): An 8-bit code by IBM for representing the English Alphabets as Numbers

Musical Instrument Device Interface (MIDI): A computer instrument which controls note events, timing events, pitch bends and pedal information. Layer responsible for Authentication Process SESSION LAYER: Session is nothing but allowing the connections between the applications Functions: Establishing, managing, terminating the connections between applications is the responsibility of session layer It performs some of the actions like Logon, Name Reorganization for security over the network Protocols Used: SQL and RPC Layer Responsible for Data Transmission TRANSPORT LAYER: It is responsible for transferring the data between the devices. It ensures that whether the message is delivered without any error or duplication. Functions: Message Acknowledgement: Delivers a message whether message is sent or not Message Segmentation: Divides the message into segments while sending Error Recovery: It checks whether the message is transferred completely without any errors Flow Control Protocols Used: TCP and UDP Layer Responsible for sending data to right place NETWORK LAYER: It is responsible for sending the data in right path to right destination using routing, virtual circuits and switching technologies. Functions: Routing and forwarding Addressing Internetworking Error Handling Congestion Control Packet Sequencing Protocols Used: IP, ICMP, ARP and PING Layer Responsible for sending packets in the form of bits DATA LINK LAYER: In this layer, Data is sent in the form of Frames Data link layer sends the coded and decoded data into bits over Medium Access Control (MAC) layer and Logical Link Layer (LLC) layer. Functions: Synchronization Flow Control Error Recovery Protocols Used: IEEE 802.2, 802.3, 802.5 PHYSICAL LAYER: This is the lowest layer in OSI which is responsible for transmitting and receiving the raw data for higher layers. Some of the physical characteristics are Connections, timing and voltage levels Protocols Used: IEEE 802.2 and 802.5