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BIRZEIT UNIVERSITY

De!artment o% &echanical 'n(ineerin( Fluid &echanics I ) &'**$


Instructor: Dr. Bishara Abu-Ghannam (Homework No. 1 and its solution (Fluid ro!erties
1." Classify the following substances (maintained at a constant temperature): a) du/dy, rad/s !, "#a b) du/dy, rad/s !, "#a c) du/dy, rad/s !, "#a 0 0 0&3 $ 0&6 4 0&( 6 '&$ % 0 0 0& $ '&' 4 '&% 6 0 $ 3 4 4 6 6 % 6 4 4

#olution: a) )on )ewtonian, *ystresis suggests thi+otropy b) )on )ewtonian& c) )ewtonian, - . 6&66/ )&s/m$

1.$ 0 )ewtonian fluid is in the clearance between a shaft and a concentric slee1e& 2hen a force of 00) is applied to the slee1e parallel to the shaft, the slee1e attains a speed of 'm/s& 3f a ' 004) force is applied, what speed will the slee1e attain5 6he temperature of the slee1e remains constant&

#olution:

AU = constant U t FU ' 00 ' U $ = $ ' = = 3m / s F' 00 F =

1.1+ 0 plate, 0& mm distance from a fi+ed plate, mo1es at 0&$ m/s and re7uires a force per unit area of $ #a to maintain this speed& 8etermine the 1iscosity of the substance between the plates& #olution:
=
F t $ 0& / '000 = = 0&004 N &s / m $ AU ' 0&$

1."1 0 fluid has a relati1e density of 0&/%& 9or a "inematic 1iscosity of '&0 x'046m$/s, determine the 1iscosity& #olution:
S = 0&/% = /%0kgm / m 3 ,

='&0 '0 6 m $ / s = ='&0 '0 6 /%0 = /&% '0 4 kg / m&s or = /&% '0 4 N &s / m $

1."" 0 body with a gra1ity force of 00) with a flat surface area of 0&$m $ slides down a lubricated inclined plane ma"ing a 30o angle with the hori:ontal& 9or 1iscosity of 0&' #a&s and body speed of ' m/s, determine the lubricant film thic"ness& #olution:

t=

AU 0&' 0&$ ' = = % '0 m o F 00 sin 30

1."* 2hat is the 1iscosity of gasoline at $ oC5 #olution: 9rom 9igure C&' page 36: ;iscosity of gasoline at $ oC < $&( '044 #a&s

1."+ 8etermine the "inematic 1iscosity of ben:ene at $/ oC& #olution: 9rom 9igure C&$ page 3/: =inematic 1iscosity of ben:ene at $/ oC < / '04/ m$/s&

1.*$ >+press the bul" modulus of elasticity in terms of density change rather than 1olume change& #olution:
K = v v= m dP dv

dv = m m

so, K =

dP dP = $ (m d / ) d

1.*, 9or = . $&$ ?#a for bul" modulus of elasticity of water what pressure is re7uired to reduce its 1olume by 0& percent5
P = K v = $&$ GPa 0& '0 $ = ''MPa v

1.+1 0t what pressure can ca1itation be e+pected at the inlet of a pump that is handling water at $0 oC5 #olution:

Ca1itation occurs when internal pressure drops to 1apor pressure& 9rom table C4$, 1apor pressure of water at $0 oC . $& "#a&

1.+- 0 method for determining the surface tension of a li7uid is to find the force needed to pull a platinum wire ring from the surface& >stimate the force necessary to remo1e a $04mm4diameter ring from the surface of water at $0 oC& 2hy is platinum used as the material for the ring5

#olution: @et 8 be the ring diameter& 2ire diameter is not important& 0ssume that the surface is 1ertical at the brea"ing point 0

F = $ D = $

$0 0&0/4 = 0&00(3 N '000

(A from table '&$)

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