Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
53
Table of Contents
Introduction .................................... 1
Layout ............................................. 2
29 31
Calibration .................................... 32
Software or Hardware Calibration?33 Restore Calibration Data ............... 34
Diagrams ....................................... 35
Block Diagram .............................. 35
Troubleshooting ........................... 12
Power Supply ................................ 12 Photometer .................................... 12 Strip Drive ..................................... 13 Main PCB ..................................... 14 Internal Printer ............................... 14 Display .......................................... 14 Keypad .......................................... 14 Serial Port ...................................... 14 Error Messages .............................. 17
Schematics ..................................... 42
Main PCB (rev AB) 1 of 4 ............ 42 Main PCB (rev AB) 2 of 4 ............ 43 Main PCB (rev AB) 3 of 4 ............ 44 Main PCB (rev AB) 4 of 4 ............ 45 Main PCB (from rev Z) 1 of 4 ...... 46 Main PCB (from rev Z) 2 of 4 ...... 47 Main PCB (from rev Z) 3 of 4 ...... 48 Main PCB (from rev Z) 4 of 4 ...... 49 Photometer PCB ........................... 50 Printer PCB ................................... 51
Opening the Instrument ................. 18 EPROM Replacement 20 Lamp Replacement ....................... 22 Filter Replacement ........................ 24 Filter Label .................................... 26 Printer Jams ................................... 28 Printer Repairs ............................... 29 Rev C 11/04 1993-1997 Awareness Technology, Inc. Unauthorized duplication is strictly prohibited. Information given in this manual is restricted for 300 Series Service Manual use by authorized personnel and is to be used for the sole purpose of providing routine instrument maintenance and repair service. No part
1995-1996 Awareness Technology, Inc. Unauthorized duplication is strictly prohibited. Information given in this manual is restricted for of this manual may be copied or redistributed without the express consent of Awareness Technology, Inc. There is no transfer of technology, use by authorized personnel and is to be used for the sole purpose of providing routine instrument maintenance and repair services. copyright, trade name, patent, trade secret, or other proprietary right given or implied.
Rev C
Introduction
This manual describes service and troubleshooting procedures for 300 series instruments. This manual is written with the service technician in mind, and contains no information for clinical chemistry analysis, or other applications. For details on instrument operation and specifications, please refer to the Owner's Manual specific to the instrument. There are presently two types of 300 series instruments in field use. Both types are equipped with either a four optical filter photometer configuration or a six optical filter photometer configuration depending on customer requirements. One type features a single microtiter strip handling device (hereafter referred to as Strip Reader with Spring Clip) and the other type can accommodate up to three microtiter strips using a different handling device (hereafter referred to as Strip Reader with ThreePosition Carrier). Both types of readers will accommodate either 8-well or 12-well strips. The Strip Reader with Three-Position Carrier is supplied with a strip carrier which will accommodate 12-well microtiter strips. An 8-well plate carrier is available as an option. Figure 1A illustrates a Strip Reader with Spring Clip and Figure 1B illustrates a Strip Reader with Three-Position Carrier. All types of the Model 300 series feature an internal thermal printer which provides a printed record of all samples and test parameters. All calibration data, test parameters, and other information is stored in battery-backed (nonvolatile) RAM.
Rev C
Layout
Figures 1A and 1B show the exterior of the single-strip and triple-strip style instruments. Figure 2 shows the rear panel. Figure 3 shows the bottom (both styles) of the instrument. Figure 4A shows the internal chassis layout for the single-strip style instrument and Figure 4B shows the internal chassis layout for the triple-strip style instrument. The instrument housing is comprised of a chassis (base and rear panel combined) and a formed plastic cover. The cover is secured to the base by five #4 self-tapping screws. A 16 character alphanumeric LED display is mounted to the inside of the cover. A 20 column thermal printer and the printer PCB mount to a metal printer bracket, which in turn mounts to the inside of the cover. The display and the printer assembly both connect to the main PCB via 14 conductor ribbon cable terminated with DIP (dual in-line pin) plugs. The keypad is a membrane-switch type sealed beneath a graphic overlay and connects to the main PCB by the 8 conductor extension of the switch layer, referred to as the keytail. The serial port connector (DB-9P) is mounted to the rear panel and connects to the main PCB with a 4 conductor cable and SIP (single in-line pin) header. The strip mechanism assembly (including the photometer) connects to the main PCB via a 14 conductor ribbon cable and DIP plug as well as a 10 conductor ribbon cable and header. The 12VDC cooling fan is mounted to the chassis base and connects to the main PCB via a 2 conductor cable and SIP header. All AC mains components are mounted on the chassis. The EPROM is located beneath a hatch on the underside of the instrument to facilitate easy software upgrades. Early models which do not incorporate the EPROM hatch require the removal of the cover for software upgrade.
Rev C
Your particular instrument may differ from the configuration described in this manual. To describe each instrument model in detail would be impossible due to space limitations. Omitted features may be ignored. Differences which affect service procedures are noted where applicable. 300 series variations: 4 or 6 - position filter wheel Thermal printer omitted Graphics printer assembly Printer assembly mounted to main PCB Non-removable power cord installed Serial port omitted EPROM hatch omitted and EPROM mounted to component side of main PCB EPROM device may be one of: 27128 16K bytes 27256 32K bytes 27512 64K bytes RAM device may be one of: 6116 2K bytes volatile 48T08 8K bytes nonvolatile, memory-mapped clock DS1243 8K bytes nonvolatile, serial clock PCB revisionsinstalled components, locations, and jumpers: Revisions A through K - see Main PCB - through rev K under PCB Layouts Revisions L through Y - shown in illustrations, also Main PCB - Revisions L through Y under PCB Layouts Revisions Z and higher - see Main PCB - from rev Z under PCB Layouts
Rev C
Strip holder
Strip track
Printer Display
Keypad
Strip Carrier
Strip track
Printer
Display
Keypad
Rev C
Main PCB
Lamp bracket
Strip holder
Strip track
Strip mechanism
1
Rev C
Power transformer
Main PCB Yellow wires to Strip Mechanism Rainbow Ribbon Cable to Strip Mechanism
Lamp bracket
J8 (test points) Strip track Gray Ribbon Cable to Strip Mechanism Strip mechanism EPROM (underneath main PCB)
Rev C
Principles of Operation
Photometer
Light from a tungsten-halogen lamp mounted on a bracket above the strip track passes downward though the well and the sample it contains. The sealed box beneath the sample contains a rotating filter wheel and photodetector (GaAsP photodiode). The filter wheel contains optical band-pass filters at selected wavelengths, and is speed controlled, via drivers U9A and U9B in parallel, to approximately 4 rps. As each filter passes in front of the photodiode, a precisely located index hole in the filter wheel in tandem with an infrared optical switch generates a pulse (FCNT) at U13. Sample-hold capacitor C14 charges to the peak voltage produced by the photodetector and amplifiers U16 and U14B. The sampled voltage is buffered by U15A and then fed to comparator U15B which compares the sampled voltage to the output of an exponential capacitor decay circuit built around Q3 and C16. The positive voltage at the comparator output enables a counter in 8254 timer U4, the value of which is ultimately read by the microprocessor and used to compute the absorbance. The photodetector output is proportional to the intensity of the light, whereas the width of the positive phase of the comparator output is proportional to the absorbance. An oscilloscope can be used to view the important signals at connector J8 while the instrument is in operation. See Figure 6, Oscilloscope Waveforms. A DC motor under microprocessor control drives a lead screw via a pulley and neoprene belt. The lead screw moves the strip holder along the strip track. The pulley incorporates indexing holes so that an infrared optical switch generates pulses (CLK2) to timer U4 from which the microprocessor derives position and speed of the strip movement. The movement is zeroed at the front extreme when the motor stalls. Each well in the microtiter strip can thus be precisely aligned with the photometer assembly.
System Control
The instrument is based on the 8 bit Z80 microprocessor U1, using a 2MHz clock. The software is permanently stored in EPROM U2. Battery-backed NVRAM (nonvolatile random access memory) U3, incorporates a real-time clock mapped to the uppermost 8 bytes. Some early models used an NVRAM with a serial-access real-time clock (DS1243Y). The NVRAM is used store test setups. Most digital I/O is accomplished with 8255 PPI U5. Time intervals and pulse widths are measured using the counter channels of 8254 timer U4. The memory map shown below is for a 27256 EPROM and a 48T08 NVRAM. See the jumper settings table below for other configurations 300 Series Service Manual
1995-1996 Awareness Technology, Inc. Unauthorized duplication is strictly prohibited. Information given in this manual is restricted for use by authorized personnel and is to be used for the sole purpose of providing routine instrument maintenance and repair services.
Rev C
10
300 Series typical memory map (see jumper settings table) 0000:7FFF EPROM 8000:9FF7 NVRAM 9FF8:9FFF real-time clock 300 Series I/O map (fixed) 00:03 8255 PPI U5 00 Port A 01 Port B 02 Port C 03 Control Word 10:13 10 11 12 13 20:2F 8254 Timer/Counter U4 Timer 0 Timer 1 Timer 2 Control Word Alphanumeric LED Display (each I/O address maps to a character position)
Rev C
300 Series Jumper Settings PCB Rev through F: no jumpers PCB Rev G through K: 27128 27256 6116 x x x x x x PCB Rev L through U: 27128 27256 6116 x x x x x x PCB Rev V through AA 27128 27256 27512 x x x 48T08/DS1243 x x M 1-2 1-2 1-2 2-3 M 1-2 1-2 1-2 2-3 E 2-3 2-3 1-2 1-2 E 1-2 1-2 2-3 2-3 M 1 2 3 R 1-2 2-3 1-2 2-3 R 1-2 2-3 1-2 2-3 E1 1-2 1-2 2-3 E2 2-3 1-2 1-2 R 2-3 1-2 1-2
48T08/DS1243 x x
6116 x
48T08 x x
Rev C
11
12
Rev C
Troubleshooting
The flowchart in Figure 5 describes the logical steps to take if the instrument is malfunctioning. It is only a guide to troubleshooting, and is intended to assist in determining routine problems. It is not intended to take the place of an experienced technician, nor does it attempt to cover all possible problems. In the following section, each subassembly or component group and possible problems and solutions are outlined.
Power Supply
The power supply consists of a transformer, two diode bridges, and three regulators. Line voltage supplied to the transformer is converted to 36 VAC, center tapped, which feeds diode bridge BR2. The center tap is used as a reference for regulators VR4 and VR5, which provide +15 VDC and -15 VDC for analog circuitry. Another transformer output supplies 11VAC to diode bridge BR1, which in turn provides +12 VDC (raw, 11-13 VDC nominal) to the system, and VR3 regulates this down to +5 VDC for the logic and other low voltage control circuits. A dead instrument may be just a blown fuse. However, a blown fuse may indicate a problem on the main PCB or transformer such as a shorted bridge rectifier or transformer winding. Also, the voltage select switch setting must match the line voltage. If there is no input voltage present at J6, check the fuse. To replace the fuse, disconnect the power cable and open the instrument. Locate the double clip fuse holder mounted on the inside of the rear panel. Locate the blown fuse and remove it with a fuse puller, or carefully pry it out with a small screwdriver. Install two (2) 0.5 A 3AG slow-blow fuse. Use only the recommended fuse. Do not substitute any other rating! If voltage is present at J6, check for input voltage on VR3, VR4, and VR5. If no voltage is present, the diode bridge BR1 or BR2 may have failed.
Photometer
The photometer assembly can be examined as several component systems:
Lamp Filter wheel Photometer Strip drive mechanism
The lamp is tungsten gas-filled, with integral lens end, rated at 6V 6W. The lamp bracket holds the lamp in alignment with the rest of the assembly, that is, the lens end of the lamp is centered on the optical path. The lamp is intended to be maintenance free for the life of the instrument, since the lamp is turned off automatically after 30 minutes of instrument inactivity. Under heavy usage the lamp remains on for longer periods and so may require replacement. Also, a physical shock to the instrument could cause filament breakage.
Rev C
13
The lamp must be replaced if output becomes low or the lamp fails completely. Since the light is visible without removing the instrument cover, the case of no lamp output can be observed from outside the instrument. Sight down the strip track while the instrument is first powered on. To check for low output, select test #186. The instrument prints the wavelength, position, and the detected voltage for each filter. The voltages should be between 2 and 10 volts. If all of the voltages are below 2.0 volts, the lamp is the likely suspect. As a final check, measure the voltage at the lamp terminals. If the lamp voltage is much lower than 5.5 VDC, the regulator circuitry on the main PCB (Q6 and VR1) may be the problem. Otherwise, replace the lamp. Refer to the section Lamp Replacement. Never adjust trim pots on the Main PCB to achieve the proper voltages. If only one or two filters report low detected voltages, degraded filters or an improperly adjusted lamp may be the cause. To check for an improperly adjusted lamp, refer to Figures 10 and 11, as well as the procedure Lamp Replacement. The optical interference filters contained in the wheel are of metaldeposition type construction and are intended to be maintenance free for the life of the instrument. Some older instruments incorporated other filter materials whose transmittance can be reduced dramatically if subjected to high humidity over very long periods. Refer to the section Filter Replacement. The filter wheel turns on a shoulder screw shaft and is driven by the filter wheel motor via a neoprene belt. The filter wheel itself requires no adjustments. Indexing holes in the filter wheel generate pulses via LED/phototransistor pairs, which synchronize photometric readings and provide feedback to the microprocessor of the filter wheel speed. The photometer contains a photodiode, a high-gain op amp circuit (U16) and phototransistors Q7 and Q8. Because the photodetector and related circuitry is solidstate, it should require no service. Avoid unnecessary handling of the photometer PCB or removal of the optical cover.
Strip Drive
The strip drive mechanism is a 1/4-20 lead screw driven by a 12 VDC motor via a belt and pulley. Indexing holes in the pulley serve to generate tach pulses via an LED/phototransistor pair, which are monitored by the microprocessor. To establish a reference position, the strip holder is moved forward along the strip track until the motor stalls. As the strip holder is moved back along the strip track, pulses are counted to derive the position relative to the stall point. Any problem with the strip mechanism is immediately apparent as a lack of strip movement, or noisy or erratic movement. A total lack of strip movement could be the tach generator, motor driver U10 failure, or motor failure. Check the optical switch pair (LED/phototransistor) mounted next to the pulley. You should see pulses at CLK2 (U4.18) when the motor is running. Ensure that the LED and phototransistor are aligned with the holes in the pulley. Check for voltage at the motor terminals and at driver U10. For older instruments, lubrication or adjustment of the lead screw is indicated for noisy or erratic movement. This should only be necessary at 3 to 5 year intervals, depending on service conditions. Lubricate only the o-rings and shoulder washers at each end of the lead screw. Do not lubricate the strip holder shuttle or the lead screw threads. If strip position errors are chronic, lead screw end play may require adjustment. Grasp the pulley and move the lead screw along its axis. End play should be less than 1mm. To adjust end play, the pulley position along the drive screw must be adjusted. The drive pulley will be retained by a thumb nut or set screw depending on when it was manufactured. Loosen the nylon thumb nut or loosen the set screw (access via the pulley groove) holding the pulley. Turn the pulley on the lead screw to remove endplay. Do not tighten the pulley against the o-ring spacer. Hold the pulley and tighten the thumb nut or set screw. Recheck end play and repeat if needed. 300 Series Service Manual
1995-1996 Awareness Technology, Inc. Unauthorized duplication is strictly prohibited. Information given in this manual is restricted for use by authorized personnel and is to be used for the sole purpose of providing routine instrument maintenance and repair services.
14
Rev C
Main PCB
Under normal circumstances, there are no adjustments to be made to the main PCB. Circuit failures are highly unlikely, but if they occur, it is recommended that the repairs be performed by factory authorized technicians. There are ten test points on J8 which provide access to a number of vital signals. The instrument can be observed in operation with an oscilloscope. Typical test point waveforms are shown in Figure 6. Note that Figure 6 shows a 6 position filter wheel. The 4 position filter wheel is very similar.
Internal Printer
The internal printer is a 20 column thermal type device which prints ASCII characters using a 5 x 7 dot matrix. A printer PCB, incorporating a dedicated microcontroller, manages the print head motor and the head drivers. There are no adjustments, and service is limited to replacement of the entire printer mechanism. A printer jam can occur if the printer paper tears and becomes lodged in the printer mechanism, thus preventing the print head from moving freely. Refer to the section Printer Jams.
Display
The display should be clearly legible with no missing or dim characters or segments. There are no adjustments, and service is limited to replacement.
Keypad
The keypad is a sealed membrane switch layer which is serviceable only by replacement. You can test the keypad by pressing AUX, then pressing all keys except CLEAR and ENTER. Note that each key causes the instrument to beep and display a character. Press CLEAR and the display clears. Press ENTER to end the test.
Serial Port
The serial port is intended for use with an external serial printer. Early models do not support a serial printer. By using a special cable, a serial printer or other serial device may be connected. This is a male 9 pin DB-style connector using RS-232 signals in a nonstandard pin-out. The data format is 2400 baud, 8 bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity.
Rev C
15
16
Rev C
Lead screw
Cap nut
O-ring spacer
Photometer cover
NOTE The mechanism for the Strip Reader with Three-Position Carrier will look somewhat different. The motor which drives the Photometer wheel will also be on the bottom of the mechanism.
Rev C
17
Error Messages
Error messages are displayed when the instrument fails to operate correctly. They are intended to help the operator locate the problem. If error messages appear frequently, a hardware problem is usually indicated. The following error messages indicate possible interface or component problems. LAMP OUTPUT IS LOW!! Low voltages were detected for all filter positions., The instrument assumes this to be a result of low lamp output. This may be due to a failing or misaligned lamp, degraded interference filters, or voltage regulator VR1 failure. The lamp does not appear to illuminated at all. Very low voltages were detected for all filter positions. See the section Photometer under Troubleshooting. The internal printer paper path is obstructed. Clear the paper path. If the paper path is clear, Check the 14 pin DIP cable connecting the printer PCB to the main PCB.
LAMP FAILURE
PRINTER JAM
FILTER WHEEL STOPPED The instrument cannot correctly detect pulses from the filter wheel. Check the photometer LED board and the phototransistors Q7 and Q8 on the photometer PCB. See the section Photometer under Troubleshooting. MECHANISM ERROR The instrument was unable to correctly position the strip for reading. This may result from a stalled drive motor, lead screw improperly adjusted, failed driver U10, or motor failure. The instrument is attempting to position the strip for reading. If this messageisdisplayedcontinuously,themechanismmayhavejammed. See MECHANISM ERROR.
POSITIONING STRIP
The following error messages indicate possible loss of battery power in the NV RAM U3, which can be checked by substitution and power cycling. MEM ERR-TEST ENDED The checksum failed when a stored test was recalled. The test was canceled. Programmed filter wavelengths for key 5 and key 6 were found to be corrupted. Run test # 248 to reprogram the filter wavelengths. Refer to filter label and Figure 13. Filter wheel position #3 corresponds to key 5 and filter wheel position #2 corresponds to key 6. The stored absorbance calibration values were corrupted or not found. Restore the calibration data. See the section Calibration. 300 Series Service Manual
1995-1996 Awareness Technology, Inc. Unauthorized duplication is strictly prohibited. Information given in this manual is restricted for use by authorized personnel and is to be used for the sole purpose of providing routine instrument maintenance and repair services.
FILTERS RESET
18
Rev C
ServiceProcedures
Opening the Instrument
The cover must be removed to allow access to the inside of the instrument. Disconnect the power cable and the serial cable (if connected) from the rear panel. Invert the instrument on a soft nonabrasive padded surface such as a terrycloth towel, to prevent scratching. Refer to Figure 3, Chassis Bottom. Locate and remove the (5) cover screws from the bottom of the instrument. Do not remove or loosen any other screws. While holding the instrument cover in place with both hands, return the instrument to the upright position. On some models, the printer mechanism is mounted to the main PCB and the printer paper roll must be removed to allow cover removal. Press inward on the sides of the paper roll cover and lift it off. Lift out the paper roll and tear off the paper where it enters the printer mechanism. Grasp the cover at the left side. Gently lift the cover upward and to the right, until the cabling is visible. You can rest the cover on its right-hand side while you disconnect the cables. Refer to Figure 8, Cover Connections. Disconnect the display cable at the left front of the main PCB assembly. Place a small slot blade screwdriver between the 14 pin DIP plug and its socket and pry gently upwards. Do not bend the pins. Disconnect the printer cable in the same way. Disconnect the keypad cable from its connector. Remove the cover and set it aside. To reinstall the cover, reverse the procedure. Position the cover on its side to the right of the chassis base. Connect the printer, display, and keyboard cables. Carefully fit the cover to the chassis base. Install the cover screws. Do not overtighten the cover screws.
WARNING Hazardous line voltages are present on the rear panel. Always disconnect theAC power cable before opening the instrument.
Rev C
19
Main PCB
To keypad
Remove and install keypad cable vertically. Do not twist, kink or fold the keypad cable.
20
Rev C
EPROM Replacement
The instrument software can be upgraded to the latest version by replacing the EPROM. On most instruments, the EPROM is accessible through a hatch on the underside of the chassis, and can be changed without removing the cover. On older instruments, the EPROM is accessible only by removing the cover. 1. Refer to Figure 3. Locate the EPROM hatch on the underside of the instrument. Place the instrument upside down on a soft surface. Remove one hatch screw and loosen the other. Swing the hatch out of the way. If the instrument has no EPROM hatch, remove the instrument cover. Refer to Figure 9. Locate the EPROM socket and lift the small lever at the end of the socket. This frees the EPROM for easy removal and insertion. If the EPROM socket has no such lever, pry out the EPROM with a small screwdriver or other tool. Do not bend the EPROM pins. Gently bend the pins on the new EPROM as shown below, so that the pins are perpendicular to the EPROM. Hold the EPROM by the body and bend the pins against a flat surface such as a table to bend all the pins the same amount. Do not over bend the pins, since they are easy to break if bent too far. Install the new EPROM with the notch or dot (indicating pin 1) oriented toward the front of the instrument. Press the lever down toward the PCB until it locks into place. Replace the hatch screw removed in step 1, or replace the instrument cover if removed. Power up the instrument and verify that the instrument operates with the new software.
2.
3.
4.
5. 6.
Rev C
21
EPROM socketed to underside of PCB, accessible via hatch on chassisbottom Lever (also on underside of PCB)
Lever
22
Rev C
Lamp Replacement
The lamp should be replaced only if it fails to light, or several filter voltages are reported as low. Materials and equipment:
Replacement lamp Phillips screw driver Flat blade screw driver
Procedure:
1. Set the power switch to OFF (O). Open the instrument. Refer to Figure 4A or 4B (Chassis Layout) as appropriate for the instrument. Locate the strip mechanism and the lamp bracket.
4.
5.
6.
Rev C
Guide bracket
Aperture Lamp must be perpendicular to guide bracket and projected spot must be centered on aperture.
Aperture Spot Projected spot must be bright, well-focused, and centered on aperture.
24
Rev C
Filter Replacement
Materials and equipment:
1. Replacement filter set Phillips screw driver Flat blade screw driver Open the instrument. Refer to Figure 4A or 4B as appropriate for the instrument. Locate the Strip Mechanism and the ribbon cables which run from the Main PCB to the Strip Mechanism. Unplug both ribbon cables from the main PCB. On units using Main PCB rev Z and subsiquent revisions, a third set of wires (two yellow wires connected to J17) need to be disconnected. Use a pencil to mark the front and side edges of the photometer on the chassis so that the photometer can be installed in its original position. Refer to Figure 3. Locate the (2) #6 screws holding the Strip Mechanism assembly to the chassis. From the bottom of the instrument, remove these screws and washers while noting the screw lengths and locations from which they were removed. Remove the Strip Mechanism. Orient the Strip Mechanism so that you are looking at the bottom of the assembly. Refer to Figure 7, Strip drive mechanism, and Figure 12, Filter Replacement. Remove the four 6-32 screws retaining the photometer cover. Set the photometer cover aside. Remove the two 4-40 screws securing the photometer PCB. Gently move the PCB aside without disconnecting any wires. Remove the belt from the filter wheel and pulley. Loosen the shaft (shoulder screw). Remove the shaft and filter wheel. Note the number of nylon washers and the order of installation.
Procedure:
2. 3.
4.
5. 6.
WARNING Retaining Rings (used on later production filter wheels) will pop out from filter wheel when its spring tension is released during removal. Shield the opening with hand and wear safetyglasses.
7. Refer to Figure 13, Filter Wheel Positions. Locate the filter(s) to be removed. There are currently two means of filter retention in field use; silicone glue or a Retaining Ring. Refer to Figure 12 and determine if a Retaining Ring is used. If a Retaining Ring is used, carefully pry two to three of the retaining ring teeth away from the filter until the ring is dislodged and remove the ring and filter. If silicone glue is present, remove the silicone and push the filter out of the wheel using the eraser end of a pencil or other soft blunt object and the glue should release. Remove any remaining filter components from that position in the wheel. Locate the neutral density filters, dot screen, and transmittance filters that were included with the replacement filter and drop them first into the cavity. Install the interference filter with the mirror side down. Place the replacement retainer over the filter so that the tabs are angled away from the filter and press in place with a 7/16 diameter wooden dowel or similar object. Install the filter wheel taking care not to pinch washers under the shaft. Reassemble the shaft and washers as disassembled. Tighten the shaft securely. The filter wheel should spin freely. Install the filter wheel belt. Be sure that the belt is centered on the filter wheel and is not twisted. Install the photometer PCB taking care to center the board around the shaft. Replace the photometer cover, taking care to position the cable in the slot of the cover. Do not pinch the cable under the cover. Tighten cover screws only until snug. Do not overtighten the photometer cover screws! Doing so will bend the photometer cover and create light leakage.
8.
1995-1996 Awareness Technology, Inc. Unauthorized duplication is strictly prohibited. Information given in this manual is restricted for use by authorized personnel and is to be used for the sole purpose of providing routine instrument maintenance and repair services.
Rev C
25
13. Install the Strip Mechanism to the chassis by replacing the (2) #6 screws removed in step 3 through the chassis base in their original locations. Line up Strip Mechanism with locating marks made in step 2. Connect the cables removed in step 1. Attach the power cord and connect the instrument to the mains supply. Set the power switch to ON (1). Select test #186. The instrument prints the detected voltage for each filters. All voltages should now be between 2 and 10 volts. If not, check lamp alignment. If the lamp alignment is properly set, the neutral density filters may need to be changed. Add neutrals to lower the voltage. Remove neutrals to increase the voltage. Never adjust trim pots on the Main PCB to achieve the proper voltages.
14.
Filter wheel
Belt Pulley
Retainer
Shaft Filter
Install neutral density filters, dot screens, interference filters and retainers.
26
Rev C
Filter Label
The filter label located on the photometer cover describes the specific filter wheel configuration for your particular instrument. Refer to Figure 14. Filter wheel position (POS) is the physical placement of the filter on the wheel and does not correspond directly to the key position. The filter wheel position numbers are shown in Figure 13. Note the position of the Index hole and the Home hole. When running test # 248, note that filter wheel position #3 corresponds to key 5 and filter wheel position #2 corresponds to key 6. Each filter position can have several filter elements installed. Configuration (WAVELENGTH column) describes the various screens and filters in that position . Each element is separated by a slash (/). The first 3 digit value in this column is always the wavelength of the interference filter, in nanometers. The other values indicate either dot screens, neutral density filters, or transmittance filters. A D suffix indicates a dot screen and the first two digits are the percent blockage. A 2 digit value followed by a percent sign signifies a dot screen. A 3 digit value (other than the first value in the line) indicates one or more transmittance filters. The first digit is the quantity; the last two digits are the percent transmittance. A 2 digit value separated by a decimal point indicates a neutral density filter. The value is the absolute absorbance of the filter. BLOCKED indicates an opaque disk is installed in that position. LOT# is the interference filter manufacturers' production code lot number or date. In the new style, the percent transmittance for the lot is included in this column. The production date (DATE) is the date the filter wheel was assembled. 4 Position 4 1 Rotation 6 6 Position 1 Rotation
Home hole
Index hole
Rev C
27
Old style
POS 1 2 3 4 5 6
New style
POS 1 2 3 4 5 6
LOT# 3YGF 58.8% 4GDB 80.6% 3ZCJ 65% 3WEF 74.4% 4FLR 67.6% 4HDL 83%
28
Rev C
Printer Jams
CAUTION Do not apply force to the print head. Do not scratch the platen or pry with sharp objects.
If the instrument displays PRINTER JAMMED, or if the print head does not return to the home position, check for obstructions in the print head path.. Refer to Figure 15. Carefully remove any paper or debris with a pair of tweezers. Turn off the power switch, wait 5 seconds, then turn on the power switch. The print head should move to the right side and then return to home position at the left. An alternate method of removing a particularly stubborn wad of paper is to move the print head manually. To do this, open the instrument. Remove the two nuts holding the printer bracket to the cover. View the front of the printer mechanism. Locate the small gear on the right side which turns the grooved steel print head shaft. Turn the gear so that the print head moves away from paper wad and the paper can be easily removed.
Home position
Rev C
29
Printer Repairs
A graphics capable printer has been introduced in recent instruments. Replacement printers are graphics capable and can be made compatible with earlier non graphics capable printer PCBs. One way to identify which type of printer is used is to remove the ribbon cable from the keytail socket on the printer interface PCB. Look at the connector on the ribbon cable. An earlier non graphics capable printer will have eight conductors. The graphics capable printer will have nine. Another way to identify which printer is used is to look at the blue inspection label on the printer interface PCB. If the number on the label is M020445 or higher, a graphics capable printer is used. Repairs to printer mechanisms can consist of print head replacement or printer mechanism replacement.
If ribbon is too wide for socket, orient as shown and trim through center of pad as shown.
Wide trace
Figure 16. Replacement Print Head Modification for Non Graphics Capable Printers
Refer to Figure 17 and replace the Print Head as follows:
1. 2. 3. 4. Pry out the pin (1) which holds the gear (2) in place. Remove the pin (3) from the side of the print head with tweezers and pry the pin (4) from the top of the Print Head. The Print Head should now be free to move along the Drive Screw (6). Remove the snap ring (5) from the end of the drive screw (6) and withdraw the drive screw and gear assembly from the printer mechanism in the direction shown. Press the end of the slider rod (7) out of the hole in the printer mechanism in the direction shown from the left side of the mechanism. It is not necessary to remove the slider rod completely from the mechanism. Slide the Print Head off the slider rod and replace with the new Print Head. Reassemble the mechanism in reverse order of the above disassembly steps.
5.
30 1
Rev C
2 RIGHT SIDE
6 3 4
5 6
LEFT SIDE
Rev C
31
Dress Cover
RIGHT SIDE
Platen (darkenedarea)
LEFT SIDE
32
Rev C
Calibration
Each instrument is calibrated during manufacturing using standards that are traceable to the National Institute for Standards and Testing (NIST), and is tested to verify its linearity to 2A. This preset calibration is very stable, and the instrument should never require re-calibration during normal service life. Absolute calibration can be verified with the use of NIST filters, or by comparison to a reference instrument that is known to be calibrated to NIST filters. Sincemostlabtestresultsarebaseduponstandardsratherthanuponabsoluteabsorbances,thelinearity of the instrument, rather than the accuracy, is the more critical indicator of instrument performance. A periodic verification of instrument accuracy and linearity is advised. Calibration may be confirmed using a commercially available photometer calibration check set which can be obtained from your distributor.
CAUTION
RE-CALIBRATION OF THE INSTRUMENT SHOULD NOT BE REQUIRED UNDER NORMAL CIRCUMSTANCES, AND SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED UNTIL ALL POSSIBLE INTERFERING FACTORS HAVE BEEN RULED OUT, INCLUDING CHEMISTRY ERROR, OPERATOR ERROR, LAMP FAILURE, AND DEGRADED FILTERS.
Standards and blanks should be closely checked for accuracy and results should be compared with a reference instrument. Use of a commercially available photometer check set to verify photometric accuracy and linearity is strongly recommended.
Restoring the factory calibration data should always be attempted before resorting to Re-calibration.
Rev C
33
If this message is printed or displayed, it indicates that the calibration values have been lost. This message will be printed each time the checksum failure occurs. The instrument also annunciates this condition with multiple beeps. In this condition, the absorbance scaling factor is set to 1.000. The maximum absorbance error is then +/-10%, provided the trimpots have not been disturbed. The calibration data can be restored from the calibration label as described in the section Restore Calibration Data. All instruments manufactured before June 1993 utilize hardware calibration. This requires making adjustments to the trimpots for absorbance gain and offset. If you believe your instrument requires hardware re-calibration, contact your distributor for assistance. Never adjust trim pots on the Main PCB to achieve the proper voltages. To determine whether the instrument incorporates software calibration features, select test # 213. If calibration data is printed, the instrument supports software calibration. In any case, if the trimpots have been disturbed or components C16, R12, R16, R11, R13, RN8, R24, U16, or the photodiode have been replaced, the instrument will probably require re-calibration. Contact your distributor for assistance. Never adjust trim pots on the Main PCB to achieve the proper voltages.
34
Rev C
Select test #212. The display shows: ABS FACTOR= If the value printed in step 1 is not exactly 1.000, enter the inverse of the value printed in step 1. That is, calculate 1 ABS FACTOR and enter that value.
3. 4. 5.
Locate the calibration data label on the underside of the instrument. Copy the data from the label for reference in the following steps. If the date and time are incorrect, set the date and time as described in the Owner's Manual. Select test #212. The display shows: ABS FACTOR= Enter the number from the Abs Factor line of the calibration label.
6.
Select test #213 to print the calibration data. The printed data should now match the values shown on the calibration data label. If it does not, repeat this procedure.
Rev C
35
Diagrams
Block Diagram
36
Rev C
PCB Layouts
Main PCB - rev AB
Rev C
37
38
Rev C
Rev C
39
TO LAMP/MOTOR TO PHOTOMETER
40
Rev C
Rev C
41
42
Rev C
Schematics
Main PCB (rev AB) 1 of 4
Rev C
43
44
Rev C
Rev C
45
46
Rev C
Rev C
47
48
Rev C
Rev C
49
50
Rev C
Photometer PCB
Rev C
51
Printer PCB
52 Notes:
Rev C