UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL Marine Technology Department

COURSE NAME: SHIP DESIGN II (STUDIO WORK) CODE: SMK4532 PROJECT 3: General Arrangement Drawing DURATION: 5 weeks DATE LINE: Decided on class (Late submission will not be accepted and ZERO mark will be given)

Each design group shall prepare and submit a complete set of General Arrangement (GA) drawing. A brief report shall also be submitted together with the drawing. As a guidance, the following steps may be useful for General Arrangement design:1. Preparation of data, references and drawings Lines Plan drawing, Hydrostatics data, references, Rules and Regulations, Examples of GA drawings for similar type of ship. 2. Determination of type of ship and cargo deadweight (or capacity) Select suitable type of ship based on the lines plan drawn (General Cargo, Tanker, Bulk Carrier, Container, or passenger vessel). The cargo deadweight or capacity should be determined approximately based on dwt/disp ratio or other empirical formulations (refer to your ship design notes). Displacement can be determined either proportionally based on the basis ship or from hydrostatics data. If it is to be determined from hydrostatics data then approximate draught need to be determined using simple ratio of draught/depth (0.75) or using simple freeboard formula. The aim of determining deadweight or capacity is to ensure that the GA will fulfill this requirement. 3. Determination of crew number and ranking For merchant cargo, container and tanker (other than passenger carrier) the number of crew is normally not more than 12. However for passenger liner/carrier the number and class of passenger need to be determined in order to design the cabin and other related compartments. 4. Determination of frame spacing and bulkhead position This has to be determined based on rules and regulations. The position of bulkhead and its spacing can also be determined from floodable length data. The position of bulkhead must be adjusted to the nearest transverse or web frame position. 5. Determination of double bottom height Most ships (esp. large ships) must be fitted with double bottom mainly for storage of grease oil, drainage etc and for safety when grounding. The height of double bottom can either be proportionally deduced from basis ship or calculated based on rules and regulations. 6. Determination of internal hull distance for tanker All ship intended for carrying liquid in bulk must be fitted with internal hull and double bottom. This distance of the internal hull to the outer hull as well as the double bottom height is to be determined based on MARPOL regulation.

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7. Determination of cargo compartments Once the allowable bulkheads positions have been determined, the cargo compartments can be easily determined. For passenger vessel, several decks above main deck may be necessary to accommodate the number of passengers. For container, no extra deck is required above main deck, but the containers can be stacked above main deck. For vehicle carrier and RO-RO, twin deck may be necessary. 8. Determination of engine room and auxiliary machinery compartments Engine and propulsion room can be determined using empirical formula based on the required power. Other machinery may be determined based on the type of system used on board and ship function. For preliminary design, this data can be referred from basis ship of similar type and size. 9. Determination of tanks compartments Apart from fuel, ship must also carry fresh water, ballast water, grease oil etc. The size of fuel and fresh water tanks shall be determined based on consumption (fuel and water) and endurance of the ship. Fuel consumption can be estimated based on power and engine size and fresh water volume can either be determined based on standards or basic calculation. Allowance shall be included in the calculation for emergency situation. Ballast water tanks are normally fitted at aft or forward peak and wing of the ship mainly for stability and trim purposes. 10. Determination of accommodation Area This include cabins, galley, mess /dining area, toilets, recreational areas etc. The area shall be determined based on the number of crews and passenger and their rank/class. Guideline for the suitable area or volume can be referred from related references. Analysis on path way/access and safety route is also essential. 11. Determination of navigational and control areas At preliminary design stage, these area can be determined based on the basis or reference ship. 12. Calculation of weight, capacity and center of gravity for cargo compartment and tanks Based on lines plan or bonjean curve, the volume of each cargo compartment and tank and its centroid can be determined using normal calculation method (integration of cross sectional areas). 3-5 % deduction of volume is necessary for internal structures and fittings. Weight can be calculated either using density of cargo/liquid or cargo stowage factor.

Copyright Koh Kho King