As a rule, the cemetery of Velje Ledine is noted in archaeological publications dealing with the Late Iron Age of the Skadar Lake basin. It is a well known site in the plain of Zeta, at the village of Gostilj near Podgorica. At the same time it is asingle Hellenistic flat cemetery which is archaeologically recorded in the area of Labeatae. D. Basler! published the results ofarchaeological excavations and M. Garasanin? made a chronological division of the cemetery into two phases based upon burial practice and grave inventory. The later phase was further divided into two subgroups. M. Garasanin hence established a term - the cemeteries of Gostilj type - which include also the cemeteries at Gaitan near Scodra and Medun. Apart from these, another two cemeteries inthe plain of Zeta at the villages ofSukuruc' and' Mahala,' also belong to this type. The cemetery of Gostilj was uncovered in 1956 inthe course of earthworks. Grave No. 122 was discovered on this occasion with anelderly female placed into a burial pit insupine position. The grave was rich inofferings and I D. Basler, Nekropola na Velim Ledinama (Donja Zeta) u Gostilju, Glasnik Zemaljskog Muzeja (GlM) XXIV, 1969,5-107. The name of the site is Velje Ledine, and not Vele Ledine or Vel ike Livade, asit was noted inprevious literature. 2M. Garasanin, Die spateisenzetliche Nekropolen Gruppe vorn Typ Gostilj im Labiatenlande, Gcdisnjak Centra za Balkanoloska ispitivanja (GeBI) XI,1973,27-28. 3Documentation ofthe Montenegrian Academy of Sciences and Arts. Asurvey of theTitograd district in 1979-1982, card file No. 202. 4 O. Velimirovic-Zizic and V. Drecun directed the exploration of a cemetery at Golubovci and the hamlet of Vujacica Mahala at the location of Uskokovica guvno in 1982. 14 graves were unearthed. The objects from these graves arenow inthe Museums and Galleries at Podgorica. Research results are not published. especially valuable among them was a necklace inpoly- chrome style with endings inthe shape ofNegroid heads, as well as a golden ring with an amber gemma with carved representation ofwoman (fig. 1-2). Apart from the noted decorative jewelry inpolychrome style, the grave also contained silver decorations for clothes: two large fibulae of wire, three small spear-head fibulae (one of them ofiron), three small fibulae ofwire ofthe Middle La Tene design, and the spherical pendants with chain. Ceramic vessels were also found - ajug, a balsamarium, and two skyphoi.' According tothe chronological division by M. Garasanin, this grave could belong to the phase Ila, i.e., toaperiod between 160-125 b.c. One of the most attractive objects in this grave, and also inthe whole cemetery, isthe necklace inpolychrome style. In previous literature it was interpreted separately from the ear-rings in the shape of Negroid heads. V. Bitrakova-Grozdanova' was the first to note that "ear- rings" from grave 122 were in fact endings of the neck- lace chain. The chain consists of alternately inserted rings-beads and golden loops, generally known as"loop inloop links" in the rhythm of 1: 1. The chain was broken at several spots, and hence 14 amber beads ofunequal size were pre- served along with 17 golden beads (fig. 1). Golden loop inloop links were made oftwisted wire. The terminal amber beads are transfixed by rectilinear 5D. Basler, op. cit., 42, 1. XXIV. The jewelry from the Gostilj cemetery isplaced inthe Museums and Galleries at Podgorica, and the remaining material is in the Archaeological Treasury of Montenegro. 6V. Bitrakova-Grozdanova, Spomenici odhelenistiikiot period vo SR Makedonija, Skopje 1987, 72. 224 wire which was twisted spirally at the ends. The wire then transfixes the terminal elements, mechanically connecting them, and issoldered to the heads made ofgolden sheet. It ends inthe form of a loop, i.e., a catch, creating thus a Fig. 1- Necklace from grave 122 at Gostilj near Podgorica. clipping system. The terminal elements are represented by ahem and aNegroid head. The ham consists oftwo cylin- ders ofgolden sheet. Acylinder closer tothe head islarger and encircled by double twisted wire in its middle part, with a cylinder-shaped amber bead in between. The Negroid head is made of amber with a "cap" of golden sheet. Parts ofthe cap are slightly drawn towards the tem- ples, and it isconcave at the nape. It represents abase for the so-called melon coiffure, with abun gathered high on the top ofhead, made of spirally coiled wire. Segments of Milena Zivkovic melon are also made of spirally coiled wire, spreading radially from the bun. Face is encircled by densely arranged granulae which follow the contour of sheet, becoming larger atthe basis ofneck. Anon-destructive chemical analysis of the necklace confirmed that it was made ofelectrum - anatural alloy of gold and silver. The dark brown mass was not pate-de- Fig. 2- Ring from grave 122 at Gostilj near Podgorica. verre as it was previously assumed but the natural organic resin, i.e., amber. 7 All elements regarding the size ofthe necklace are as follows: Chain: the preserved length ofchain is25 em. Ending with a loop: length ofthe loop - 6mm; height of the head - 10 mm; upper cylinder - 5 x 5 mm; lower cylinder 2.5 x4mm. Ending with a catch: Length of the catch - 14 mm; height of the head - 12 mm; upper cylinder - 6 x 6 mm; lower cylinder - 2.5 em; length ofthe bead - 8mm. The necklaces of gold and coloured material with Negroid endings were previously recorded inthe territo- ries ofGreece, Epirus and Illyria, representing the female grave inventory. 8 71. Petkovic, 1. Grzetic, B. Jovanovic, Hemijska analiza nausnica i ogrlice izgroba 122 nakropole naVelikim Livadama uGostilju, in: Radionice i kovnice srebra, Monografije knj. 9, Narodni muzej Beograd, Beograd 1995, 63-70. 8 F. H. Marshall, Catalogue of the Jewellery, Greek, Etruscan, and Roman in the Departmens of Antiquities, British Museum, Oxford 1911,216, cat. 1961, P1.XXXVI; D. Budina, Foinike ne kerkimet e reja arkeologjike, Iliria XVI, 1-1986, 117, Fig. 5; D. Rendic- Miocevic, Ziatni nakit iz helenisticko-ilirske nekropole u Agolden necklace from Gostilj near Podgorica Various terminal elements of the necklaces with chain - zoomorphic, anthropomorphic or in the shape of Heracle's knot - were worn at the front." If the necklace ended with loops, then it was worn upon a dress, high . .. r: 1 .. I
Fig. 3- Golden necklace from Budva.
upon the breasts. The loops were either sewn tothe dress orwere fastened across it byfibulae, such as the specimen from the collection of H. Stathatos." However, Negroid heads appeared as a terminal motive onjewelry - neck- laces, ear-rings and pins - in II century b.c. for the first time." The necklace from Gostilj is not a single find in the noted region. Apart from golden jewelry from grave 122, Budvi, Opuscula archeologica IV, 1959, 15-16, T IV/1; D. Kurti, Tumat IV, V, VI, VII te Burrelit, lliria XVll, 1-1987,99, Tll/l-3; Lj. Popovic, Antiikgrcka zbirka (katalog Narodnog muzeja), Beograd 1994,188, kat. br. 256. 9H. Hoffmann, P. F. Davidson, Greek Gold. Jewelryfrom the Age of Alexander Mainz 1965,5; Gli ori di Taranto in Eti Ellenistica, 196. 10 P. Amandry, Collection Helene Stathatos, Lesbijoux antiques. Strasbourg 1953, 139, cat. 277, PI. LI. III P. Amandry, Collection Helene Stathatos, Les bijoux antiques, Strasbourg 1953,139, cat. 277, PI. LI. II G. Becatti, Negro, Enciclopedia dell'Arte Antica, 1963,399. 225 the Gostilj cemetery also contained two ring-like ear-rings in polychrome style with Negroid endings which were probably a part ofgrave inventory. 12 D. Rendic-Miocevic and P. Lisicar noted that the collection ofDr. P. Meixner o 1 2 3 4
Fig. 4- Necklace from Burrel (Albania). from Zagreb contains two golden ear-rings with Negroid endings (in combination with amber) assumed to come from Gostilj.!' In a rich repertory of Hellenistic golden jewelry from Budva we may mark a necklace in poly- chrome style with Negroid, respective male and female head endings, along with a ring-like ear-ring with the same type of endings (both specimens are inprivate col- lections).!' The necklace in combination of gold and amber in the National Museum at Belgrade, which was probably also unearthed at Budva, ends with ring-like ear- rings. They were at a later time inserted as the necklace endings in the shape of Negroid heads. 15 The results of archaeological excavations at Budva in 1980 and 1981 are still unpublished. However, the explored cemetery con- tained two golden necklaces and a pair of ear-rings with Negroid endings incombination with coloured material." All pieces ofjewelry were recorded inthe coastal region and the area of Skadar Lake, i.e., the regions where the effects ofHellenization were the most powerful. 12 D. Basler, op.cit., 8,T XXX/3,4. 13 D. Rendic-Miocevic, op.cit., 26, nap. 41; P. Lisicar, 0 nekim tipovima antickih nausnica iznasih nalazista, lira antika IX, 1959, 242. 14 D. Rendic-Miocevic, op. cit., 15-16,25-26, fig. 5,TIV/l-2, T V, 6.According tothis author the necklace and the ear-ring represent an ensemble, a part ofsingle grave inventory. However, archaeologi- cally recorded finds imply that necklaces or ear-rings were separately placed into graves 15 D. Rendic-Miocevic, op.cit., 38; Lj. Popovic, op.cit., 188, Kat. 257. C. Markovic assumes thatear-rings were probably manufac- tured in combination with amber, while the necklaces were combined with garnet. I wish to thank him kindly for providing me with the data. 226 Necklaces of the polychrome type appear also in a broader area. Two necklaces in polychrome style are known from Albania, one of them found at the site of Burrel, a mound inthe Mati valley (fig. 4). The Foinike specimen came from a grave dated by coinage into the end ofIV and thebeginning of III century b.c." Apart from that, another specimen of the same type of necklace was found at the island of Melos inGreece, dated to II century b.c." Chance finds ofsimilar necklaces may also be noted in certain museum assemblages or private collections,'? with unknown provenience. Similarly, golden ear-rings of the same type are well know inAlbania. We shall note three specimens from the monumental tomb at Lower Selce,20 aswell as the golden ear-rings from museums at Belsa and Drac." However, a majority ofthese finds was recorded inMacedonia inthe Ohrid Lake area, inthe area ofThessalonike and its neigh- bourhood and at Veria." It have tobenoted that the ear- rings of this type were frequent in Southern and Central Italy. One specimen was registered in Asia minor (Cumaej.t' It is significant that silver ear-rings with Negroid end- ings ofpate-de-verre, some of them half-products.v were 17D. Kurti, op. cit.,1. II, 1-3, nodata onthe kind of stone; D. Budina, op. cit; 117, fig. 5, no data on the kind of stone. IX F. H. Marshall, op.cit.. 216, Cat. 1961, PI. XXXVI; M. Pfrommer, Untersuchungen zur Chronologie Friih-und Hochhelleni- stischen go!dschmucks, Tubingen 1990,328, TK 109. 19E. Goring, Museum supplement: The Royal Scottish Museum, JHSCV, 1985,266, 1.IX,a; H. Hoffmann, op.cit., 462, kat. 213; P. Amandry, op.cit., 139, cat. 277. PI. U; F. H. Marshall, op.cit.. 216- 217, Cat. 1962, 1963, PI. XXXVI. 20 N. Ceka, La ville illyrienne dela Basse-Selce, Iliria 11, 1972, 183, fig. 11. 21 N. Ceka, Qyteti Ilir prone Selces se Poshtme, Tirana 1985, 116; M. Pfrommer, op.cit., 388, OR 456-458. 23 M. Pfrommer, op.cit., 1990,387-388, OR 449-453; A. De Ridder, Catalogue sommaire des Bijoux antiques, Paris 1924, 17, Cat. 176-182; F. H. Marshall, op.cit., 186, cat. 1709, PI. XXXI. 22 V. Bitrakova-Grozdanova, Zlatni nakit izhelenistickie nekro- pole kod Crvejnce, ARR IV-V, 1967, 383-392, T. I/3-9, 1. IIII0-11, 14-16; V. Bitrakova-Grozdanova, NekropoIa kaj Delagozda-Struga 1979, MAA 6,1983,64,1. IIII7; V. Bitrakova-Grozdanova, 1987,71- 73,1. II; M. Pfrommer, op.cit.. 388, OR 455, 460; Treasures of Ancient Macedonia, Thessalonike 1978,43, kat. 58, 60; 45, kat. 70; 81, kat. 329; M. Pfrommer, op.cit., 1990,388-389, OR 462. 24 D. Rendic-Miocevic, Oko datiranja srebrnog zoomorfnog nabla iz goricke ostave, Iliri i antick! svet, lliroloike studije, Split 1989,59-72. Milena Zivkovic found west from the Skadar basin, inthe famous Gorica hoard. D. Rendic-Miocevic" dated the hoard, and hence the ear-rings too, into the end ofIII century b.c. and speci- fied them as a provincial manufacture. M. Pfrommer revised the dating of Gorica hoard into II century b.c., after an analysis of the jewelry style." P. Lisicar noted that a silver ring-like ear-ring with Negroid head ending was found inIstra." It must be noted that, apart from necklaces and ear- rings, only two pins with Negroid endings manufactured of gold and coloured material are known for the time being. One ofthem came from Theodosia, and the other is ofunknown provenience. The specimen from Theodosia was dated into II century b.c., according to M. Pfrommer.e Aside from jewelry with Negroid endings, the pen- dants inthe shape ofNegroid heads made ofgolden sheet or faience have to be noted. Aspecimen from Bari was made ofmodeled golden sheet and was dated to II century b.c.. The faience specimens ofthe same type from Crimea are from II century b.c.> Inorder togive a more precise chronological determi- nation of the Gostilj necklace, it is necessary to analyze both elements: the chain and the endings. Details inmanufacture ofall previously known speci- mens of necklaces with Negroid endings vary both in respect tothe chain and the endings. Thus, a chain from Foinike (III century) was made of golden loops in the shape of twisted "eight" with golden beads and coloured mass. Specimens with a chain ofcircular beads enveloped 25 D. Rendic-Miocevic, Umjetnost Ilira u antiiko doba, Simpozijum "Duhovna kultura Ilira ", Sarajevo 1984, 75-76. 26 M. Pfrommer, op.cit., 185. 27 P. Lisicar, op.cit.. 243. 2X S. Reinach, Antiquites du Bosphore Cimmerien, Paris 1892, 54, XIIaIl4; K. SchefoId, Meisterwerke griechischer Kunst, Basel und Stuttdard, 1960,316, Cat. 603; M. Pfrommer, op.cit., 389, OR 463. 29E. M. DeJulius, Il Museo Archaeologico di Bari, Bari 1983, 140,1.XXXIV. The specimen from Canoza from Vcentury b.c. was made inthesame manner. Compare to F. H. Marshall, op. cit., 258, cat. 2272, PI. XLV; V. N. Korpusova, Nekropol'Zolotos, Kiev 1983, 100, mound 14, grave 3, 1. IX/2-4. Another faience pendant is inthe Regional Museum at Kerc, probably from Pantikapaion, Inv. No. 4511975, -B-1284. Agolden pendant in the shape of Negroid head from III century b.c., also came from this region. Compare to S. Reinach, op. cit. 83, 1. XXXII/6. Agolden necklace from Gostilj near Podgorica by golden sheet from the British Museum and Royal Scottish Museum are, as most ofthe jewelry with Negroid endings, dated to II century according to M. Pfrommer. The Gostilj chain is formed of double golden loops of twisted wire (as the specimen from the Royal Scottish Museum) and the amber rings are inthe shape of twisted "eights". The sequence of alternate loops and rings isdif- ferent: inthe case ofGostilj, Budva (National Museum at Belgrade), the Burrel specimens, aswell as the one from H. Stathatos collection, the alternation follows a rhythm of 1: 1; at the specimen from the Museum des Beaux Arts, the rhythm is 2: 1; and at the specimen from Budva (pri- vate collection) it is3: 1. The alternation ofrings, however, does not seem significant for the chronological determina- tion ofnecklaces. The hems at our necklace, similarly to a majority of necklaces with Negroid endings, are combined oftwo var- iously decorated golden cylinders ofdifferent size, with a bead of coloured material inserted. However, the speci- mens from Foinike and the Museum des Beaux Arts have only one cylinder of golden sheet. It implies an age of middle III century b.c., when the hems in polychrome style have replaced the golden ones. On the other hand, a specimen from Burrel has only one Negroid ending, and thus only one hem made inthe polychrome style, decorat- ed by filigree wire in a specific way. Characteristic arrangement of the ending and the hem decoration indi- cate a provincial manufacture, and, according to other objects in the grave inventory, the necklace could bedated into the middle II century b.c. Incontrast tothe necklace from Gostilj with a clipping system with a catch at one ending and a loop at another, the necklace from Stathatos collection is the only one with two loops. Thus it was distinguished as another type of necklaces worn upon the clothes. Negroid heads at the Gostilj specimen are marked by rough facial traits. Their manufacture coincides with that of the ear-rings from the same site, as well aswith manu- facture of specimens from Budva, Burrel and the Ohrid district. The coiffure is made of golden sheet, a very smooth spirally coiled wire with segments radically spreading from the top of the head, i.e., the bun. The face isencircled with granulae. This type ofcoiffure, known as the melon coiffure, was favoured inthe art ofAntiquity. Among the noted specimens, it appears at necklaces from Budva and Lower Selce, at the specimens from Macedonia, the Ohrid Lake district, Thessalonike, Melos, 227 the collection ofH. Stathatos and inSouthern Italy. Atall of the noted specimens, the melon segments are tightly arranged inparallel rows, with the exceptions of Gostilj necklace and an ear-ring from Lower Selce. Apart from the manufacture of melon coiffure, they are also distin- guished bygranulae - the stylized hair locks encircling the face, i.e., the bun. As concerns this matter, one may note that the coiffure onNegroid heads at the necklaces and ear-rings was modeled intwo basic ways: either as a short curly hair, or as a long hair gathered inabun.vThe earliest melon coiffure appeared at the head of Artemis represented at Kyzikos coins from 450-400 b.c." This coiffure is especially favoured inEgypt, worn byPtolemy queens Berenice I, Arsinoe I and Berenice II represented in sculptures, coins and rings." They were divinized as Isis-Aphrodite or Demetre and Athena" Representations of Arsinoe II on coins and the sculpture of Berenice II from Cyrene are significant for this study because they wear a melon coiffure with characteristic locks encircling the face.> The same coiffure may be noted at anthropo- morphic endings onjewelry from III century. The Pyrrhus coinage from Syracuse is also interesting because it bears representation ofArtemis wearing the melon coiffure with hair locks same as the sculpture of Berenice II from Cyrene." The cult ofArtemis, i.e., Artemis-Atalante was confirmed in Epirus, and a syncretic deity deriving from Artemis and a local goddess appeared in the Illyrian 30Arealistic Negroid appearance was achieved byimitation of the locks bycoiled wire ongolden sheet, granulation orhammering. Along hair gathered into a bun was arranged byspirally coiled wire and granulation. There are other specimens made only ofthe coloured mass, as inthe case of Gorica specimens. The latter case perhaps imply tothe new provincial type, which may eventually beconfirmed bythe specimen from Burrel. The first two types ofcoiffure could not imply a sex with precision. Apart from themelon coiffure, another type could be noted - plaited locks of hair of spirally coiled wire arranged paralelly along the head. Compare toD. Rendic-Miocevic, op. cit. 15-16,1. IV/I; Gli ori di Taranto inEta Ellenistica, Milano 1984,191, Cat. I30b. 31 Lexicon lconographicum Mythologiae Classicae, ZUrich und Munchen, Basel 1984, II/2, 50, cat. 61. 32 M. Rostovzev, Storia economica esociale del mondo ellenisti- co, I, Torino 1966,1. VII2, 1. XXXVIII; O. J. Neverov, Ponretnye gemy i perstni iz Severnogo Pricernomor 'ja, Kul'tura i isskustvo anticl1ogo mira, (Trudy Ermitaza 17), 1976, 168-169,1. II/1-7. 33 0.1. Neverov, op.cit., 168. 34 0. 1. Neverov, op.cit., 168-171,178,1. II/5. 35C. M. Kraay, Greek coins, London 1966, 339-340, Cat. 476, P1.219. 228 regicn.> Representations ofgoddess could be noted at the coinage of Lissos, and the coins of Genthios and Ballaios." At the obverse of the latter Illyrian ruler coinage, Artemis has a coiffure gathered ina bun, but it is not the melon coiffure. Apart from the noted representa- tions on coins, the representation ofArtemis may be noted on certain other objects from Gostilj, i.e., at the silver ring from grave 10, the waist-band plaques from grave 119, and from square D-3. 3x At Trebinje, in Herzegovina, a terra-cotta figurine ofArtemis-Diana was found, also with a melon coiffure." Therefore, the noted representation essentially con- cerns a local deity interpreted as Artemis, i.e., Artemis- Diana. Characteristic style of coiffure at the Gostilj neck- lace as well as the ear-rings from Lower Selce may all speak infavour ofthis cult. The Gostilj specimen does not represent awell accom- plished piece ofjewelry, regarding the technical level of execution. Amber beads areof irregular size, the coils of smooth wire at hems are irregular, the cap with modeled coiffure was battered at the nape in order to be fixed to amber head, and the hair locks - melon segments - are loose. On the other hand, our specimen is much better executed if compared to the one from Budva (at the National Museum) and the one from Burrel. At the same time it is less well manufactured than the Budva specimen from private collection. All noted necklaces belong toII century b.c., but the complex problem of their origin, production and distribu- tion remains open. According to M. Pfrommer, golden necklaces inNegroid style could not derive from the earli- er, III century b.c. golden necklaces with female heads, although both types belong toaMacedonian circle ofpro- duction. However, the noted scholar did not discuss the specimens from Gostilj, Budva, Burrel which are dated into II century b.c. Neither he discussed the necklace from Foinike dated into III century b.c. He assumed that a 36About an association ofthe cult ofArtemis tothe local one in a broader region, see: A. Jovanovic, Prilog proucavanju plocica sa ilirskog prostora, Godiinjak' CEI XXV1I!25, 1989, 129, note 53. 37 A. Jovanovic, Mogucnost koriscenja principa elementarne simetrije pri interpretaciji Apolonovog kulta izpredrimskog perioda nanasoj teritoriji, Glasnik Srpskog arlieoloskog drustva 2, 1985,52; A. Jovanovic, op.cit., 128-129. 3X A. Jovanovic, op.cit., 130. 39 V. J. Korac, Trebinje, Trebinje 1966, 15-25, sl. 3. Milena Zivkovic simultaneous appearance ofnecklaces, ear-rings and pins with Negroid heads represents anew creation dating from the period of Hellenistic flourish. On the basis of large number of ear-rings, this author made a distinction between the Italic and Macedonian forms. The Macedonian form was assumed tobeolder than the Italic, and the finds from Illyria, i.e., the Ohrid district, were associated to this type. The oldest specimens are those from Lower Selce, from II-III century b.c.. The Gostilj necklace from grave 122 was dated into 160-127 b.c." However, as it was made of precious metal it could be assumed that it was manufactured even before that time. A fact that the necklace was placed into the grave after it was already broken in fragments may reinforce such an assumption. The same grave, as it was noted above, contained a golden ring with an inserted amber bead with carved rep- resentation of woman, typical for II-III century b.C. 41 Along with these finds there was also the silver jewelry, and two large silver fibulae ofthe LaTene design with an arch decorated bytwisted wire have to besingled out. A fact that the upper cylinder ofthe hem at our necklace was decorated in the same manner as the arch of the noted fibulae is also significant. The style of silver and golden jewelry manufacture from grave 122 implies toa contem- poraneous fabrication, and perhaps to the work of the same artisan. On the other hand, small spear-head fibulae ofthe Middle LaTene design from the same grave, repre- sent apart of the barbarian heritage and their origin have to be sought in the area of Labeatae according to P. Popovic. Only five necklaces are recorded in the noted area according to previous research. These finds have to 40M. Pfrommer, op.cit., 93-95, 185-187. 41 F. Henkel, Die Riimischen fingerringe del' Rheinlande und der benachbarten gebiete, Berlin 1913,21-22,27, Cat. 131, 182, PI. VlI/ab, IX/ab. It concerns a child ring found ina grave ofadult per- son. It isof the same type asthe golden ring with inserted carnelian gemma found inthe vicinity of Podgorica. Compare to K. Pac, Iz Crne Gore, GZMVIII, 1896,464, fig. 4; D. Rendic-Miocevic, op. cit., 28, cat. 24, fig. 17,1. II!? Apart from thenoted pieces from grave 122 and a chance find ofear-rings, the cemetery at Gostilj also con- tained a golden ear-ring ofring-like type with lion-shaped ending. It was found above the head of a female in grave 98. Golden jewelry from the National Museum at Belgrade with a provenance from Southern Montenegro must also be noted. It was dated by Balaios' coins. Compare D. Basler, op. cit., 39,1. XX, 98; D. Garasanin, op. cit. 65-73, figs. 1-2. Agolden necklace from Gostilj near Podgorica include also the necklace from Burrel inAlbania. These necklaces are marked by a difference inthe technical level ofmanufacture and decoration. The above noted facts may imply that one orseveral local workshops may have exist- edfabricating jewelry for the needs ofIllyrian clientele. Several types and varieties of ear-rings with Negroid heads were registered in the Ohrid district. However they differ from the Macedonian forms. Thus we may assume that either the Macedonian artisans worked inthis area, or that the local artisans produced jewelry under a strong influence from the East. Aspecial attention have to be 229 paid to the ear-rings from Lower Selce from III-II century b.c., which probably served asa model for manufacture of the Gostilj necklace. This influence could also be traced in other archaeological material, i.e., the waist-band plaques. Inthis way, a second wave ofHellenistic influences from Macedonia may be noted in Montenegro and northern Albania. Therefore, the Ohrid district would represent a separate region. Translated by Ivana RADOVANOVIC UDK 903.57-034(497.16)"6387":739.1.032.63