Kevin Throy C.

Elpedes 2010-3140 October 9, 2013 DAY LIGHTING STRATEGIES DAYLIGHTING The controlled distribution of daylight in buildings is a cornerstone of green design. Day lighting is a key to good energy performance, as well as occupant satisfaction, productivity, and health. Day lighting must be addressed early in schematic design because requirements for successful day lighting usually have major implications for building massing and zoning of activities (Kwok & Grondzik, 2007). Listed below are some day lighting strategies: Daylight zoning: it is the process of grouping various spaces in a building with similar luminous requirements into a day lighting zone thereby enabling design and control cost savings. After having known the daylight factor of spaces within a building, planners should well think of lay outing spaces maximizing the use of daylight. Design Procedure: 1. List and define the types of spaces that will be present in the building. 2. Determine required ambient and task illuminance values for the various space types based upon the visual activities that will be performed. 3. Outline an anticipated schedule of usage and delighting potential for each type in a table. 4. Group rooms into zones based upon similar lighting needs (considering ambient and task needs), complementary schedules, corresponding uses, and thermal comfort requirements. 5. Arrange building massing, plans, and sections to allow these zones to optimize day lighting potential by placing zones with higher illuminance needs nearest day lighting apertures and zones with lower illuminance needs further from day lighting apertures. 6. Verify the potential performance of day lighting strategies for each of the different daylight zones.

Given the day lighting setting above, I have arranged the spaces according to their desired lighting effects at specific times of the day. The Master Bedroom has been positioned in the southeast side so as to capture morning sunlight to waken the head of the family to accomplish their function in the familyto provide for the family. The other bedrooms are positioned in the northwest sides because they are only used in the evening for resting. The living area at the ground floor is positioned in the southeast side so as to receive much lighting all throughout the day. Though there is much lighting, it

is protected from direct heat gain because of the cantilevered floor above. The dining area is located at the centre of the ground floor. A allows light from the side apertures and from the top lighting in the third floor as allowed by the stairwell to pass through. Top lighting: it is a day lighting strategy that uses apertures located at the roof plane as the point of admission for ambient daylight. This day lighting strategy is good for lighting gathering spaces so as to minimize energy cost. Though this lighting strategy is very good in illuminating spaces, it does, however, increase heat gain because of direct solar radiation. Design Procedures: 1. Establish target day lighting factors for the various spaces and activities to be top lit. 2. Arrange building spaces and floor plan layouts such that those areas to be top lit have a roof exposure. 3. Determine what type of top lighting aperture is most appropriate for the space, building orientation, sky conditions, and climate. 4. Evaluate different glazing options for the aperture. 5. Estimate the size of day lighting aperture required to provide the target daylight factors. 6. Arrange surfaces adjacent to the top lighting apertures to diffuse entering light to reduce contrast and more evenly distribute daylight throughout the space. 7. Evaluate the need for shading for the top lighting apertures and design appropriate devices to provide the necessary shading. There is a big sky light designed to allow much light to enter in the communal spaces in the house namely: the function hall, the living area at the second floor and the dining area. Though, there is a direct sunlight, it is protected from heat with the use of operable internal louvers folded and kept at the sides of the ceiling. Side lighting: it is a day lighting strategy that uses apertures located in the wall planes as the point of admission for ambient daylight. Side lighting is the most commonly used lighting strategy via windows as they double for passive ventilation. However, big apertures may considerably let light to bounce into the structure creating glare which causes discomfort to the users. Design Procedures: 1. Establish target daylight factors for each space and activity.

2. Arrange program elements into a foot print that maximizes wall area. Maximize opportunities for day lighting without direct solar radiation by focusing upon the north and south orientations as prime locations for daylight apertures. 3. Organize the building floor plan with spaces that will benefit the most from day lighting located along the perimeter of the building. 4. Determine the depth of the space to be day lit, as required by programmatic needs. Depth is the distance inward from the perimeter wall. 5. Divide the depth of the room by 2.5 to determine the minimum top-of-window height needed to effectively sidelight a space of this depth. 6. Verify that the required window head height is acceptable. Not all of the window height needs to be view window. 7. Multiply the proposed window width by 2 to determine the extent of horizontal light penetration, 8. Modify the proposed glazing width and head height as required to work within the above constraints. 9. Determine the required area of day lighting aperture. There are large side apertures located every floor. Because of the nearby structures, there is no need to use external sun shading devices. It is, however, needed that the house should have blinds to protect the inside from excessive light. Light Shelves: these are used to more evenly distribute daylight entering a building through side lighting apertures (typically windows). Using light shelves is a good way of illuminating interiors as it reflects the light through the ceiling minimizing the glare that obstructs the vision of the users. Design Procedures: 1. Determine if an external, internal or dual light shelf is more appropriate for the intended use of the space. 2. Sketch a proposal section. 3. Create a day lighting model to test a proposed design. The side apertures in the northeast side have their own light shelves so as to reflect the light to the ceiling to evenly distribute the light to the space. Internal reflectance: This is governed by two primary surface characteristics of the bounding materialcolour and texture. Varying the textures and colours of the interior changes the quality of light entering a building. Using this strategy, the light extended within the building can be as it is desired. Design Procedure: 1. Make sure that the window jamb and sill have a high reflectance, as they can make excellent reflectors.

2. The ceiling is the most important surface for day lighting. Choose a ceiling paint or tile that has a high reflectance to optimize light distribution within the space. 3. Angling the ceiling toward the source of incoming light can increase the amount of light that is reflected. 4. Choose light-coloured furniture, fixtures, and equipment as they can significantly affect light distribution within a space. Each living area and open spaces in the house shall be designed to have a chandelier with blurry glass fixtures so as to distribute light evenly. The finishes as well shall be considered. By using nonsmooth materials and finishes, glare shall be avoided without compromising the illuminance that can be provided by the sunlight. The flooring of the house shall be of wood while the walls are with matte paint finish.

Sources: http://lighting-deluxe.co.uk/chandeliers/1771-kolarz-naomi-glass-chandelier.html http://www.wayfair.com/Shaw-Floors-Whistler-4-1-2-Engineered-Hardwood-Birch-Flooring-inSlalom-SW249-231-SHD1642.html# http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/painting-the-apartment-1-69188 Kwok, A., & Grondzik, W. (2007). The Green Studio Handbook. Amsterdam: Elsevier Inc.