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A SYSTEMS APPROACH
THOMAS L. FLOYD
PEARSON
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CONTENTS
INTRODl ACTION 1\1 DIGITAL SYSTEMS
1-1 1-2 1-3 1^4 1-5 1-6 1-7 1-8
0.
1
7
Digital and Analog Signals and Systems 2 Binary Digits, Logic Levels, and Digital Waveforms Logic Operations 14 Combinational and Sequential Logic Functions 16 Programmable Logic 20 Fixed-Function Logic Devices 25 A System 28 Measuring Instruments 30
IONS, 45
The Decimal Number System 46 The Binary Number System 48 Decimal-to-Binary Conversion 52 Binary Arithmetic 55 l's and 2's Complements of Binary Numbers 58 Signed Numbers 60 Arithmetic Operations with Signed Numbers 67 Hexadecimal Numbers 74 Octal Numbers 81 Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) 84 Digital Codes 87 Error Detection Codes 94
COMBINATIONAL LOGIC
4-1 4-2 4-3 4^1 4-5 4-6 4-7 4-8
173
Basic Combinational Logic Circuits 174 Boolean Expressions and Truth Tables 178 DeMorgan' s Theorems 185 The Universal Property of NAND and NOR Gates 187 Pulse Waveform Operation 189 Combinational Logic with VHDL and Verilog 192 A System 198 Troubleshooting 204
FUNCTIONS OF COMBINATIONAL
i
5-1 5-2 5-3 5-4 5-5 5-6 5-7 5-8 5-9 5-10 5-11 5-12 5-13
A System 224 Half and Full Adders 228 Parallel Adders 232 Ripple Carry and Look-Ahead Carry Adders 238 Comparators 241 Decoders 243 Encoders 252 Code Converters 255 Multiplexers (Data Selectors) 258 Demultiplexers 265 Parity Generators/Checkers 267 Logic Functions with VHDL and Verilog 270 Troubleshooting 273
290
A System 291 Latches 295 Flip-Flops 300 Flip-Flop Operating Characteristics 313 Timers 315 Bistable Logic with VHDL and Verilog 322 Traffic Signal Control System with VHDL and Verilog Troubleshooting 331
324
SHIFT REGISTERS
7-1 7-2 7-3 7^4 7-5
352
A System 353 Basic Shift Register Operations 355 Types of Shift Registers 356 Bidirectional Shift Registers 367 Shift Register Counters 368
7-6 7-7
374
COUNTERS
8-1 8-2 8-3 8-4 8-5 8-6 8-7 8-8 8-9
392
A System 393 Finite State Machines 395 Asynchronous Counters 397 Synchronous Counters 404 Up/Down Synchronous Counters 411 Cascaded Counters 414 Counter Decoding 419 Counters with VHDL and Verilog 422 Troubleshooting 425
439
Simple Programmable Logic Devices (SPLDs) 440 Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs) 445 Macorocell Modes 452 Field-Programmable Gage Arrays (FPGAs) 454 Programmable Logic Software 462 Boundary Scan Logic 471 Troubleshooting 479
496
Memory System Hierarchy 497 Semiconductor Memory Basics 500 The Random-Access Memory (RAM) 505 The Read-Only Memory (ROM) 517 Programmable ROMs 522 The Flash Memory 525 Memory Expansion 530 Special Types of Memories 535 Magnetic and Optical Storage 539 Troubleshooting 545
DATA TRANSMISSION
11-1 11-2 11-3 11-4
558
Data Transmission Media 559 Methods and Modes of Data Transmission 563 Modulation of Analog Signals with Digital Data 568 Modulation of Digital Signals with Analog Data 572
11-5 11-6
579 584
693
The Universal Serial Bus (USB) Other Serial Buses Network Topologies
APPENDICES Appendix A Appendix Conversions 739 741 745 Security System Component Programs