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Educating Touch Professionals, Students and the Public
Breathing for Relaxation and Health
A Course for the Public
By Doug Alexander, BSc, RMT
Table of Contents
Why Focus on Breathing? ............................................................................................................................................. 3
The Anatomy of Relaxed Breathing .......................................................................................................................... 3
The Anatomy of Tense Breathing .............................................................................................................................. 3
Massage Therapy and Breathing ............................................................................................................................... 4
Designing Your Breathing Self Care Program ....................................................................................................... 5
Pranayama, or Cyclical Breathing ............................................................................................................................. 6
Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 6
Preparation ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Technique ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 6
When to Practice ........................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Diaphragmatic or Abdominal Breathing ................................................................................................................ 7
Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 7
Preparation ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Technique ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 7
Problem Solving ............................................................................................................................................................................. 7
Sandbag Breathing .......................................................................................................................................................... 8
Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 8
Preparation ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
Technique ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 8
Problem Solving ............................................................................................................................................................................. 8
Serenity Breathing .......................................................................................................................................................... 9
Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 9
Preparation ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Technique ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 9
Problem Solving ............................................................................................................................................................................. 9
Next Steps ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Tracking Change ............................................................................................................................................................ 10
Disclaimer
This course is not meant to replace medical evaluation, advice and/or intervention. If you have any
negative reactions to these self care suggestions or any type of self care, you should immediately seek the
assistance of a health care professional.
TouchU, the author and any other providers of this information are not responsible for any negative
outcomes from following these suggestions. Only you are responsible for your health and the decisions and
actions you take!
2
Why Focus on Breathing?
3
can take in the maximum amount of oxygen into When the muscles that carry our tension begin to
our body to give us the energy for fight or flight. relax, the tendency to breathe apically with the
neck lessens and the diaphragm wakes up and
This pattern of breathing occurs when we begins to function more normally. This is often
genuinely need to fight for our lives (which is accompanied by the stomach gurgling. I call this
thankfully seldom for most of us), or when we massage applause! As the diaphragm begins
simply feel worried or anxious (which is working again, the abdominal organs begin to be
unfortunately common for many of us)! Then, massaged by the movement of the diaphragm
apical breathing becomes a habit. And, and blood is directed to the abdomen. As a result,
unfortunately this pattern of breathing of the massage of the organs and the increased
perpetuates, or even creates, tense thoughts and blood supply, they begin to work again and
feelings! gurgles result. This is one of the mechanisms
Apical breathing also makes the neck and underlying better digestion that often
shoulder muscles become tense and difficult to accompanies massage treatments.
relax. This tension often causes neck pain and Massage therapists often coach the client to
headaches. And it distorts our posture. Because breathe more deeply as well as how to breathe in
these muscles are using the neck and head to lift the abdomen. Abdominal massage can also be
up the rib cage and shoulders, the long term used to release tension in the abdominal
effect is to pull the head forward and compress muscles, the diaphragm and even the abdominal
the neck. This neck compression can cause organs. Abdominal massage should never be
problems with the nerves that leave the spine painful and is best done by a professional
and go to the arms and hands, resulting in massage therapist.
shoulder, arm and even carpal tunnel symptoms.
Many people find that over a course of massage
The forward head position also puts strain on treatments they begin to breathe into their
the jaw, resulting in increased jaw tension that abdomen more easily and naturally, even when
can lead to clenching of the jaw (when we are they are off the massage table. This helps them to
awake or asleep!) and temporomandibular joint feel more relaxed day‐to‐day as well as to release
problems. tension when it occurs, rather than letting it
There are many things we can do to become accumulate and counting on their massage
aware of our breathing pattern and improve our therapist to drain it away.
health. If you don’t have access to a massage therapist,
or if you just wish to deepen or extend the effects
Massage Therapy and Breathing of a massage, you may benefit from learning to
breathe abdominally.
4
Designing Your Breathing Self If your belly hand moves, then you are breathing
with your diaphragm muscle. If your chest hand
Care Program moves, then you are breathing with your chest
and/or neck muscles. If both hands move, then
you are breathing with your diaphragm and
In order to safely and effectively release stress chest and neck muscles.
through breathing exercises, it is important to
determine the way you characteristically Now, attempt to breathe a little more with the
breathe, as well as how difficult it is for you to diaphragm than with the chest. How does this
change it. work for you? Can you easily breathe more with
the diaphragm? Is it difficult to do, but doesn’t
frustrate you much? Does it make you anxious to
do this exercise?
Figure out where you fit on the progression chart
below. The green arrow outlines the common
pattern of progression of skill in using the breath
to manage stress and tension. Start with the
exercises that are appropriate for you at the
moment and work slowly and gently through the
Lie on your back, with a pillow under your knees program.
to relax your low back and abdomen. Place one
hand on your chest and one hand on your belly. If you feel worse or more stress then follow the
As you breathe in through your nose notice modifications suggested in the course. If you still
which hand moves up toward the ceiling. have difficulty with these exercises you should
stop doing them and find other ways to relax!
5
Pranayama, or Cyclical Breathing
Purpose
• To calm the mind and clear your thoughts
• To reduce blood pressure and stress
responses
• To develop a calmer sense of self
Preparation
Sit in a calm, quiet place. This will make it easier
Pause for a moment and then exhale slowly
to feel relaxed and tune into your breath. Make
again, followed by another inhalation.
sure your back is supported and there is minimal
stress in your body. Alternatively, you can lie You should do this for at least 10 breaths or up
down with a pillow under your knees and one to 5 minutes if you are really enjoying it or
under your head. needing the relaxing effect.
Make sure your clothing is loose at your hips, You should notice that the exhalation becomes
belly and chest so that it allows easy, full progressively longer and slower. You may count
breathing. the duration of the breath, “One thousand one,
one thousand two, one thousand three…” The
Technique inhalation should be timed so that it takes
roughly about half as much time as the
exhalation.
Allow your mind to become fully absorbed by the
sensations of the breathing and the changes in
relaxation that accompany it. This exercise can
be combined very effectively with diaphragmatic
breathing as described on another handout.
When to Practice
Many people do pranayama breathing on
awakening in the morning and just before going
Pranayama breathing is cyclical breathing that to sleep. This way the exercise is like a set of
emphasizes the exhalation. Exhale slowly, but bookends that frames your day. You start the day
fully, through relaxed slightly open lips. You relaxed and poised, and after all the busyness
might imagine that you are blowing so slowly and challenges, you release the tension with
that a candle 6 inches in front of you would not pranayama breathing to fall asleep more easily
be blown out. and sleep more deeply.
6
7
As with any exercise, if it makes you tense or feel
uncomfortable, then stop doing the exercise.
Technique
Breathe in with a soft belly that supports and
slowly lifts the sand bag. Don’t strain; just allow
the breath to gradually lift the sandbag upward
toward the ceiling. Donna Fahri in The Breathing
Book calls this “having a conversation” with the
sandbag rather than trying to push it forcefully.
At the end of breathing in, let yourself relax and
air to escape your lips passively. You may even
feel that the sandbag is gently assisting you in
breathing out.
Once again, breathe in slowly, raising the
sandbag up toward the ceiling. Allow the breath
8
Serenity Breathing your neck (the right). Stop at the point where
your head is above the shoulder.
Purpose Don’t roll backward into a looking up
To release tension in the mind and the neck posture!
when...
Time your breathing and your neck motion so
• Many muscles in the neck are tight that your inhalation and your neck motion finish
• The muscles have forgotten how to relax at the same time.
• The neck is painful and sustained
At this point, allow your head and neck to slowly
stretching is too challenging
roll toward the centerline again, as you breathe
• You are trying to restore a healthy
out. Time your exhalation and your motion to
relationship between breathing and neck
coincide so that you have finished breathing out
muscle movements
by the time your head is flexed forward in the
midline of your body.
Preparation Now, continue the neck rolling motion toward
Sit with a comfortably upright posture. Allow the left shoulder as you begin inhaling again.
your head to fall slowly toward your chest until Complete the inhalation and the rolling toward
the first feeling of tightness in the back of your the left shoulder at the same time. Follow this
neck. At the same time breathe out slowly and with a neck rolling toward the midline and an
deeply. This is illustrated by the central image in exhalation at the same time.
the picture below.
Continue rolling from side to side, inhaling as
Technique you roll toward the shoulders and exhaling as
you roll toward the midline. As you proceed with
Now, slowly roll your head and neck toward the
the exercise, let yourself breathe and move
right shoulder as you breathe in. Roll your head
progressively more slowly.
Eventually, it should feel like your neck is
moving without effort, almost as if it is the
breath that moves the neck.
Perform the serenity roll for a couple minutes
the first time and slowly work your way up to 5
minutes. Lots of people do this exercise prior to
bedtime to drain tension from their body and
mind and to deepen sleep.
Problem Solving
The purpose of serenity breathing is to connect
the breath and neck movement in a natural and
as far as you comfortably can, guided by a feeling effortless way. So naturally, the commonest
of pulling on the opposite side of your neck (the problem with this exercise is to work too hard at
left) or a bit of compression on the same side of it!
9
The breath should feel like it is moving the neck. Tracking Change
If this means that the movement is very small to
It is important to take stock of any type of
begin with, then that’s fine; make the movement
exercise program. Record where you were at
very small so the breath is felt to initiate and
when you began your Breathing program, what
sustain the movement. Over time the neck will
you did and how it affected you in the following
relax and it will feel like the breath is more easily
chart!
able to move the neck.
The other common mistake with this exercise is
to roll the neck too far backward. The ear Start date: ___________________________________________
should not go past the shoulder. If it does, then
you are asking the facet joints in your neck to Level of stress and tension out of 10
work in very compressed positions. This can
hurt your neck, especially if you already have Ability to concentrate out of 10
neck problems. If you feel the back of the neck Ability to fall asleep out of 10
kinking or locking, then you have rolled the neck
too far back. Do the exercise just shy of the point Digestion out of 10
at which the neck feels like it is starting to
compress. Over time your neck will get healthier Headaches out of 10
and you will be able to roll a little further back.
Next Steps Exercise Record
Serenity breathing or the serenity roll is
commonly used to begin to dismantle neck and Type of Exercise Frequency # Weeks
shoulder tension and/or tense breathing (#per wk)
patterns.
Pranayama
If your breathing and neck are not very tense,
Diaphragmatic
then it usually takes about 2 weeks of once daily
practice to plateau out with this exercise. At that Sandbag
point, it will be helpful to explore other exercises
and just do the serenity rolling once a week or Serenity
when needed.
If you would like more guidance on neck
stretching, take our Neck Pain and Headache Self Finish date: _________________________________________
Care Course!
Level of stress and tension out of 10
Ability to concentrate out of 10
Ability to fall asleep out of 10
Digestion out of 10
Headaches out of 10
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