Republic of the Philippines Polytechnic University of the Philippines Quezon City Campus

Initiation Persistence Change and Cooperative Behavior of Batasan Hills National High School in the Implementation of K to 12 Program (Case Study)

In partial fulfillment to the requirements of the course subject Practicum II

Submitted to: Prof. Sheryl B. Morales Prof. Marilyn Isip

Submitted by: Abayata, Liza Marie A. Dela Cruz, Dianne C. Huyong, Mary Rose D. Lolong, Genevive Mee J. Sardido, Clariza J. Urbano, Mikaela M.

March 17, 2014

Initiation Persistence Change and Cooperative Behavior of Batasan Hills National High School in the Implementation of K to 12 Program

Authors: Abayata, Liza Marie A. Dela Cruz, Dianne C. Huyong, Mary Rose D. Lolong, Genevive Mee J. Sardido, Clariza J. Urbano, Mikaela M.

ABSTRACT Background On its 18th years of excellence, Batasan Hills National High School has been providing a high quality of education with their program offered such as: Home Study Program (HSP), Engineering and Science Education Program (ESEP), Special Program in the Arts (SPA) and Technical Vocational Program (TECHVOC). Through these programs, remarkable achievements aimed. Currently, the school is managed by Dr. Diego M. Amid, Principal IV, who is dynamically and inspiringly leading more than 400 teaching and non-teaching personnel and 12,433 learners. And with his administration, the National Achievement Test arises from the average of 44.82 to 9.6%. Also on his term the K-12 program was implemented. Discussion 3 out of 8 teachers we interviewed do not agree in the implementation of the K to 12 Program. Only 3 of them agree and the other 2 stays neutral. The teachers who remain

neutral say that they actually understand the importance of the program but they do believe also that this is not yet the right time for this. Anyway, agree or not, whether they choose the first or the second, as a teacher, they must follow and support the program by any means. In the field of teaching the school sees to it that their teachers are more competitive in their profession most especially in imparting knowledge to their students. They are going to undergo several trainings and related activities to boost their capabilities. Some teachers are not in favor of the implementation of K to 12 program. It is because they are just exerting effort for themselves to become skillful but all know they already mastered it by continuous teaching. For the long term of their service in BHNHS as teacher, it is also proven that they already mastered their specialization. Taking variety of trainings are just only for the sake of paper or certificate it serve as a bonus to every teacher. But when we talk about the student learnings some cannot easily adopt to the lessons that result into failing grades. Thats why, either which side you choose, it will be very important to know the main reason why we need 2 additional years in our curriculum and the reason behind it. All of us may have different ideas regarding this matter. It can be positive or negative. And maybe, it will be like Zabalas idea which goes like this: The main objective of the K to 12 programs: to produce semi-skilled workers for the countrys supply of cheap and docile labor. At the age of 17 or 18, the youth would already be peddled to multinational companies. Where do semi-skilled workers go? To factories, to big foreign companies where they work as slave or labor. Zabala also added that with the worsening unemployment situation in the Philippines, graduating from grade 12 is no

guarantee that one would land a job. Or youre idea can be like this; according to the Kabataan Party-List, The K to 12 program is designed to reinforce the production of cheap semi-skilled labor for foreign needs. The current proposal adopted by neoliberal pro-globalization die-hards aims to meet standards for global competitiveness and demands of the international labor market for semi-skilled labor. K to 12 also intends to strengthen the colonial orientation of Philippine education, and that is to serve the cheap labor needs of foreign capital and business. Our education system must have a proFilipino orientation and must serve the needs of our nation and people. All in all, Zabala may have a point when he said, What we need to produce are more professionals or scientists who will help us industrialize the country. We dont need the K to 12 program that intends merely to produce semi-skilled workers for exploitation by multinational companies, which profit from our cheap labor. But always remember, what matters the most is what you believe. Afterall, youre the one who will decide on which side you prefer to be.

Summary Overall the k to 12 program system has positive and negative effects to the community but despite the controversies that surrounded this will go on and implemented. It could help students in the future for a better life and chances to have better jobs since most countries have this system as their form of education.

BACKGROUND Batasan Hills National High School was established in April 22, 1996 as newly legislated Public Secondary School through a House Bill Sponsored by former Cong. Dante V. Liban which was enacted into law known as Republic Act. No.7987. On 1998, it started with only 20 teachers and 582 students transferred from Bagong Silangan High School to Batasan Hills National High School. Dr. Romulo B. Rocena was the first principal of the said school. During his administration, the school started to develop different programs. One of his remarkable achievements was the introduction of the Home Study Program (HSP) on the said school. On 2003, Batasan Hills National High School was headed by the former principal Dr. Rowena Cacanindin, who is previously working as one of the Divi sions School Superintendent. During her terms, the school was able to acquire an Audio Visual Room and from 20 teachers, the faculty personnel grew to 53 permanent teachers. On 2006, Dr. Gil T. Magbanua was assigned as the School Head. During his administration several program started such as Engineering and Science Education Program (ESEP) and Special Program in the Arts (SPA) in the year 2007-2008. After a year he implemented the Technical Vocational Program. Currently, the school is managed by Dr. Diego M. Amid, Principal IV, who is dynamically and inspiringly leading more than 400 teaching and non-teaching personnel and 12,433 learners. And with his administration, the National Achievement Test arises from the average of 44.82 to 9.6%. Also on his term the K-12 program was implemented.

According to President Benigno S. Aquino, We need to add two years to our basic education. Those who can afford to pay up to fourteen years of schooling before university. Thus, their children are getting into the best universities and the best jobs after graduation. I want at least 12 years for our public school children to give them an even chance at succeeding. In line with this, the 1987 Philippine Constitution states that, The State shall establish, maintain, and support a complete, adequate, and integrated system of education relevant to the needs of the people and the society. Such mandate gives justice to the basic rights of every Filipino child: the right to quality education and the right to a quality life. The needs of life go on changing, so is education, hence we cannot go on with a static curriculum. The content has to be selected according to the changing needs of society in general and the subject in particular. The curriculum has to be planned and organized in a scientific manner keeping in view the psychological requirements of the students. According to Education Secretary Br. Armin A. Luistro, the new curriculum is focused more on the learners and not on the teacher. Luistro said, We are making it a real learning experience for the students, meaning, it will be less on memorization and more encouraging of critical thinking. In addition to this, a mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE) will be used for instruction in Kinder to Grade 3 classes after studies showed that students learn more when their language at home is used in discussing the lessons in school. Also, there will be less contact time as Grade 1 pupils will only attend school for half a day instead of 6 hours. Luistro ex plains, It is important that our learners develop that natural love for learning and not feel that it is something

imposed on them. He also added that, We will reduce it to four hours to make education less stressful and more enjoyable. For the Grade 8 curriculum, Luistro connotes that the lessons will be more interactive and meaningful to everyday life. This means that Science will be reflected in terms of its practical use. He further explains, as students go up the ladder, we want them to learn skills that are being demanded by employers while at the same time giving them the chance to appreciate and enjoy the lessons. For instance, Luistro emphasizes that Science is to be integrated in all learning areas since it is a complex subject. He further expounds, the focus of early education (Kinder to Grade 2) should be the fundamental skills and literacy of the pupils to develop better comprehension for more complicated subjects such as science. As found in the study done by SEAMEO, the current curriculum allots about 1,100 minutes per week in elementary education to Science, which will change with the introduction of K to 12. Luistro says, This, coupled with teaching more competencies, imply congestion in our current elementary Science curriculum. To address this, Science will now be integrated into the teaching of the Language, Mathematics and Health under MAPEH subjects beginning at Kindergarten. The enhanced K-12 basic education program according to the DepEd discussion paper (2010) stresses that this new setup seeks to provide a quality 12-year basic education program that each Filipino is entitled to. Furthermore, the purpose is not simply to add 2 more years of education but more importantly to enhance the basic education curriculum.

But the challenge is, are they prepared enough? In this article the authors conceptually define the organizational readiness of Batasan Hills National High School in the implementation of K-12 program. BHNHS Vision BHNHS shall be one of the premier public secondary school in Quezon City that shall continuously provide access to basic quality education to all students and develop their maximum potentials for them to be nationalistic, morally upright, globally competitive and responsive to the demands of a technologically advancing society. BHNHS Mission To protect and promote the right of every Filipino to quality, equitable, culturebased, and complete basic education where: 1. Student learn in a child-friendly, gender-sensitive, safe and motivating environment; 2. Teachers facilitate learning and constantly nurture every learner; 3. Administrators and staff, as stewards of the institution, ensure an enabling and supportive environment for effective learning to happen; 4. Family community, and other stakeholders are actively engaged and share the responsibility for developing life-long learners.

DISSCUSSION At present, the Philippines is the only country in Asia that uses a 10-year basic education cycle. According to the study done by the SEAMEO (South East Asian Ministers of Education Organization) on regards with the implementation of the K to 12 program, the comparative data on duration of Basic and Pre-University Education in Asia shows that the Philippines allots to 10 years not just for the basic education cycle but also for the pre-university education while all the other countries have either 11 or 12 years in their basic education cycle. Also, the result on achievement tests highlight our students poor performance in national examinations. The NAT (National Achievement Test) results for grade 6 in SY 2009-2010 showed only a 69.21% passing rate while the NAT results for high school is 46.38%. Moreover, international tests results in 2003 (TIMSS) Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) show that the Philippines ranked 334th out 38 countries in HS Math and 43rd out of 46 countries in HS Science II. As a result, it can be seen evidently that there is an urgent need to enhance the quality of basic education in our country due to this poor education outcomes of Filipino students and the comparative disadvantage of the Philippines with regard to other countries. As record shows that as early as 1925, there were already efforts to improve the basic education curriculum and recommendations have been put forward since then. The K to 12 curriculum envisions to produce a holistically developed learners with 21st century skills (DepEd Primer, 2011). And the core of this basic education program is to have a complete human development of every graduate (DepEd discussion paper, p.6.). this further means that every students would have an understanding of the world around

him and a passion for life-long learning while addressing every students basic learning needs: learning to learn, the acquisition of numeracy, literacy, and scientific and technological knowledge as applied to daily life. Furthermore, this program aims to have relevance in the socio-economic realm, as well. This means that the students would understand their role as productive members of the country. Such vision can only be possible through an enhanced curriculum.

Proposed implementation plan of DepEd The Universal Kindergarten was offered starting SY 2011-2012, DepEd begun unclogging the Basic Education Curriculum SY 2012-2013, implementing the enhanced 12-year curriculum starting with incoming Grade 1 students of SY 2012-2013 and the incoming freshmen of SY 2012-2013 will be the first beneficiary of a free Senior High School Education that will be made available by DepEd in public schools beginning SY 2016-2017. In implementing the K-6-4-2 proposal, DepEd will take into account the issues and concerns of all stakeholders, including the high school graduates before 2016. This will be done through regional consultations to begin early 2011. The mechanics and other details of the transition plan will be threshed out with HEIs in coordination with CHED, TESDA and other critical stakeholders.

K to 12 Program

And to find out how teachers respond to this new program, the following questions where asked to the teachers from Batasan National High School, Technology and Livelihood Education Department (TLE Dept.). What is your preparation for the K to 12 program? Is the school itself offers training, seminar regarding K to 12 program? Do you agree in the implementation of K to 12 program? The following are some of the results of the interviews conducted at BHNHS 1. What are your preparations for the K to 12 program? TEACHER 1: We took an assessment program from TESDA to be a National Certificate (NC II) passer in our own specialization or field.

TEACHER 2: Trainings and seminars regarding the implementation of the K to 12 program. They trained how the preparation of the grading system for the K to 12 program. Teaching guide focused on the preparation of the skills/Elective. Syempre as a part of trainings kailangan lahat ng magtuturo sa Grade 11 and 12 ay may NC or National Certificate na, para gayon ay makapagturo kame. TEACHER 3: 2. Attend training and seminars sponsored by DepEd. 3. Read articles regarding k to 12 program. 4. Be well oriented with the new guidelines about grading system, appropriate strategies for teaching. 5. Make sure that lesson will be in line with the k to 12 program. 6. Always set target for the competency required in k to 12 program. TEACHER 4: I attended training and workshop to enhance my knowledge and skills ability in preparation for handling k to 12 students this coming school year in order for me to be more competent, efficient and effective teacher of the k to 12 program. As early as possible I started investing materials, instructional aids, and equipment to ensure the success and development and implementation of the k to 12 program.

2. Is the school itself offers trainings, seminars regarding K to 12 program? TEACHER 1: Absolutely yes. Ang kaso lang pagdating sa facilities hindi pa talaga handa. Tulad nito, kulang sa classrooms, mga gamit, yung modules. TEACHER 2: The school offers training, seminar, and workshop regarding to the implementation of K 12 program especially on the skills. NC or National Certificate preassessment is also offered to the teachers handling specialization in every area. TEACHER 3: DepEd provided trainings and seminars for 5 days. TEACHER 4: Yes, the school offers training, seminars for k to 12 program.

3. Do you agree with the implementation of K to 12 program? TEACHER 1: Whether we like it or not, we have to give our full support in this program. Because as a teacher, we are part of the implementing agency - the Department of Education (DepEd).

TEACHER 2: YES! Because it trained and focused on the skills Syempre dahil na rin sa gobyerno kaya dapat nating sundin ito, pero bago pa man dapat meron paring preparasyong gagawin para mas mapaigting pa ang kaalaman ng ating mga estudyante. Ang Batasan Hills National High School ay gumagawa na ng hakbang para dito. TEACHER 3: Partly agree and disagree Agree 1. I agree because it prepares students in maturity sense before they get into job. Disagree 1. No enough facilities to train students in different competency (T.L.E Subject) 2. Some learning materials are not reviewed properly to be efficient. 3. No additional trainings to improve teachers competency in the new program. 4. Insufficient time for trainings especially for T.L.E since all classes is half day shift.

TEACHER 4: Yes, I agree on the implementation of k to 12 program because the program aims to uplift the quality of education in the Philippines in order for graduates to be easily employed. It also aims to meet the standard required for professional who wants to work

abroad most important is, it aims to fully enhance and develop the students in order for them to be well prepared in emotional and cognitive needs. The implementation of K to 12 formally starts last SY 2011 2012 when the Universal Kindergarten officially starts. But what is this new curriculum all about? Are we all ready for this new curriculum? According to the DepEd discussion paper (2010), the K to 12 curriculum aims to enable every child to achieve mastery of core competencies and skills and to develop tracks based on the students interests and competencies. And this program focused on: curriculum enhancement and in the transition of management. Curriculum enhancement -With the K-6-4-2 model, the two years for senior high school is aimed at giving the students time to strengthen competencies and academic skills. The curriculum will also provide specializations in the following: science and technology, music and arts, agriculture and fisheries, sports, business and entrepreneurship, etc, depending on the occupation or career that they intend to pursue. These two years will build on skills that are essential to their chosen field. Transition Management The DepEd mentions in their discussion paper (2010) that they are preparing a carefully sequenced implementation plan to ensure smooth transition with the least disruption in the current program. In terms of curriculum enhancement, theres a minimal problem encountered in this area. But in the transition of management, great effort from the teachers are needed to support this newly implemented program. One of the teachers in Batasan Hills National High School says that, I attended training and seminars regarding the

implementation of the K-12 program as well as in preparation of the grading system for the K-12 program, teaching guide focused on the preparation of the skills/lecture. This effort is exerted for them, the teachers, to be highly skilled on their chosen area or specialization. And that is to have a National Certificate (NC). National Certificate is a
certification issued to individuals who achieve all the required units of competency for a national qualification defined under the Training Regulations. NCs are aligned to specific levels within the TESDA.

According to TESDA Secretary Joel Villanueva, they are undertaking assessment and certification of over 34,000 trainers in a bid to improve the teaching quality in technical and vocational education and training (TVET). Villanueva said TESDA hopes to set a new standard for those who will teach technical vocational courses by requiring them to become holders of the National TVET Trainers Certificate (NTTC). Enhancing our present pool of trainers gives the students the best opportunity to learn and will help guarantee that we will produce quality graduates, Villanueva pointed out. Of the 34,007 TESDA trainers nationwide, Villanueva said, a total of 17,803 have already received the NTTC, while the balance of 16,204 trainers will still have to undergo the requirements. Other teachers also commented that, for them to give full support for the K to 12 program, they attended trainings and seminars regarding K to 12 to enhance their skills, and most of them took initiative in attending these seminars, this is because they are highly motivated to attain academic achievement. As Albert Bandura says in his selfefficacy theory (1993) it suggests high inter-relation between individuals behavior, environment, and cognitive factors. It affects an individual in all aspects of life, including educational experiences. Beliefs about once competence to successfully perform a task can affect motivation, interest, and achievement. (1996) The higher the perceived

efficacy, the higher the goal aspirations people adopt and the firmer their commitment to achieving those goals. Educational activities should foster self-efficacy through the use of social interaction. By doing so, the learning environment is structured to de-emphasized competition and highlight self comparison of progress to build a sense of self-efficacy and promote academic achievement. (Peer & McClendon,2002) And in order to support this, the school itself gives full support to help the teachers enhance their skills. The school offers training, seminar, and workshop

regarding to the implementation of K 12 program especially on the skills. NC or National Certificate pre-assessment is also offered to the teachers handling specialization in every area. BHNHS coordinates with the training center, TESDA to train the teachers. The government provided free trainings for teachers to become well competent as among other teachers. It helps them also to become skillful and knowledgeable in imparting lessons as well as giving activities to their students. But even though, K to 12 program is already implemented, some teachers are still not in favor in the implementation of the program. No enough facilities to train students in different competency (T.L.E Subject). no additional trainings to improve teachers competency in the new program. As to what Louie Zabala said a third year social studies teacher at the F.G Calderon High School in Manila, The teacher undergo training for one week and there are not enough reference materials. How could a teacher effectively teacher the new curriculum using limited materials? And if we are going to analyze this statement, it is indeed the truth. Though our teachers are skilled enough to teach the subject matter there are no enough materials, facilities, or equipment to be used. We have a scarcity in terms of the learning materials. And this is the main reason why 3

out of 8 teachers we interviewed do not agree in the implementation of the K to 12 Program. Only 3 of them agree and the other 2 stays neutral. The teachers who remain neutral say that they actually understand the importance of the program but they do believe also that this is not yet the right time for this. Anyway, agree or not, whether they choose the first or the second, as a teacher, they must follow and support the program by any means. In the field of teaching the school sees to it that their teachers are more competitive in their profession most especially in imparting knowledge to their students. They are going to undergo several trainings and related activities to boost their capabilities. Some teachers are not in favor of the implementation of K to 12 program. It is because they are just exerting effort for themselves to become skillful but all know they already mastered it by continuous teaching. For the long term of their service in BHNHS as teacher, it is also proven that they already mastered their specialization. Taking variety of trainings are just only for the sake of paper or certificate it serve as a bonus to every teacher. But when we talk about the student learnings some cannot easily adopt to the lessons that result into failing grades. Thats why, either which side you choose, it will be very important to know the main reason why we need 2 additional years in our curriculum and the reason behind it. All of us may have different ideas regarding this matter. It can be positive or negative. And maybe, it will be like Zabalas idea which goes like this: The main objective of the K to 12 program: to produce semi-skilled workers for the countrys supply of cheap and docile labor. At the age of 17 or 18, the youth would already be peddled to multinational companies. Where do semi-skilled workers go? To factories, to

big foreign companies where they work as slave or labor. Zabala also added that with the worsening unemployment situation in the Philippines, graduating from grade 12 is no guarantee that one would land a job. Or youre idea can be like this; according to the Kabataan Party-List, The K to 12 program is designed to reinforce the production of cheap semi-skilled labor for foreign needs. The current proposal adopted by neoliberal pro-globalization die-hards aims to meet standards for global competitiveness and demands of the international labor market for semi-skilled labor. K to 12 also intends to strengthen the colonial orientation of Philippine education, and that is to serve the cheap labor needs of foreign capital and business. Our education system must have a proFilipino orientation and must serve the needs of our nation and people. All in all, Zabala may have a point when he said, What we need t o produce are more professionals or scientists who will help us industrialize the country. We dont need the K to 12 program that intends merely to produce semi-skilled workers for exploitation by multinational companies, which profit from our cheap labor. But always remember, what matters the most is what you believe. Afterall, youre the one who will decide on which side you prefer to be.

SUMMARY Nowadays Philippine Educational system is not that good and the government taking order to improve the Philippines educational system is through the K to 12 program. The implementation of K to 12 programs needs to have a good education to strengthen the skills of every students, the educational system in the Philippines is undergoing a big change which most academicians deteriorating quality of education in

the country. The k to 12 program will give the Philippines what it needs to have a good education that youths future will be secured. Some teachers opposed this program but some are not, relying on the schools preparation to k to 12 program to students to have better job opportunities because other countries embrace this system however it will take students longer to achieve it. The society is being affected with this change of education system from the schools, curriculum, students and teachers. It takes hard time providing all needs for the program because of the longer years but the government has provided us many public schools that they can go to study. Lets face it, not everyone who finishes high school will go to college. The students could improve their performance because many topics can be tackled and learned by the students because of the longer years they stay in school. What this means is that the quality of the education in the Philippines would be improved that we would not be ranked so low in the area of education. Many people say that the government takes harder for the implementation and will cause financial problems for higher education Institution. Overall the k to 12 program system has positive and negative effects to the community but despite the controversies that surrounded this will go on and implemented. It could help students in the future for a better life and chances to have better jobs since most countries have this system as their form of education.

References: www.apaonline.org http://www.teacheressay.com/the-importance-of-seminars-and-trainings-in-improvingteachers-performance http://www.wg.aegee.org/ewg/bologna.htm http://scholar.google.com.ph/scholar?q=Ausubel+in+instructional+materials+theory