Republic of the Philippines Polytechnic University of the Philippines Quezon City Campus Bachelor in Business Teacher Education

Initiation, Persistency Cooperative Behavior as Change Related Effort of Maronquillo National High School in K to 12 Implementation

In partial fulfilment to the requirements Of the course subject Practicum II

Submitted to: Prof. Sheryl B. Morales Prof. Marilyn Isip

Submitted by: Rose Ann V. Inovero

Background As we all know K-12 education system was now implemented to our country and it is now the present curriculum. We are now one of those many countries having a 12 year of basic education than before that we only have 10 years of schooling. This is known to be a great adjustment for everyone from a 5-year old kid who will enter kindergarten to the children in elementary, to the students in high school and especially to the teachers and the whole educational organization. Everyone in the society will be affected. Now we are trying to ask and understand is this program will really help us or it will just increase the burden of every Filipino? If we try to define K to 12 this will simply means Kindergarten to Grade 12. Before the Philippines only have a 10-year basic education system with six years of elementary education and four years of high school education. In the new K to 12 programs of the Department of Education, there will be a fixed Kindergarten, six years of elementary education, four years of junior high school, and two years of senior high school. Meaning the child will add two years in pursuing his/her dreams. Government was trying to explain that this curriculum only aims to provide every Filipino child with the education needed to compete in a global industry. The true goal of this program is not too add the expenses of the education needs of every Filipino but to produce a highly skilled and a competitive students that mastered the skills in working for a brighter future and to prepare them for a higher standards in attaining a good work. This program said by the government is trying to give a decongested education system with a learner-centered curriculum producing globally competitive graduates. In this curriculum we are about to attain five key benefits. One, this will produce global competitive graduates with the 12-year education system in which the graduates will be perceived with increased

competency and have better global opportunities. Second, Students will learn more easily. The improved basic education curriculum is decongested and focused. Students will have more time learning core academic areas thus ensuring better comprehension. Also, pupils from Grade 3 and below will be thought in their mother tongue to ensure better understanding of basic concepts. Third benefit, students will be free to pursue their passion. The new curriculum will be learnercentered. Students will be allowed to choose elective subjects and specializations which they

really want. The students will love learning more and will grow to their full potential. Whether the students want to be professionals, businessmen, artists or athletes, theirs skills and talents will be honed and nurtured. Fourth, there will be savings on college tuition fees .Grade 11 and 12 take the form of a two-year college education. In a public school, this is tuition-free. In effect, the number of year of college courses will decrease because of redundancies. Those who will pursue college will have fewer years to pay for. Graduates will also receive training certifications, which reduces the need to study a vocational course. Lastly, It will reduce unemployment rate and improve the economy. With the increased competence and workmanship due to TESDA-like training and college-like education included in the new curriculum, the graduates will become highly employable, reducing the rate of unemployment in the Philippines. Those who are passionate about starting businesses will be enabled to open more job opportunities.

K-12 Program on Basic Education According to the government, the K to 12 Program covers Kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of primary education, four years of Junior High School, and two years of Senior High School [SHS]) to provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, employment, and entrepreneurship. This program on our education system also provides salient features like Strengthening Early Childhood Education in which very Filipino child now has access to early childhood education through Universal Kindergarten. At 5 years old, children start schooling and are given the means to slowly adjust to formal education. Research shows that children who underwent Kindergarten have better completion rates than those who did not. Children who complete a standards-based Kindergarten program are better prepared, for primary education. Education for children in the early years lays the foundation for lifelong learning and for the total development of a child. The early years of a human being, from 0 to 6 years, are the most critical period when the brain grows to at least 60-70 percent of adult size..[Ref: K to 12 Toolkit] In Kindergarten, students learn the alphabet, numbers, shapes, and colors through games, songs, and dances, in their Mother Tongue. Making the curriculum more relevant to learners

Examples, activities, songs, poems, stories, and illustrations are based on local culture, history, and reality. This makes the lessons relevant to the learners and easy to understand. Students acquire in-depth knowledge, skills, values, and attitudes through continuity and consistency across all levels and subjects.

Discussions on issues such as Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR), Climate Change Adaptation, and Information & Communication Technology (ICT) are included in the enhanced curriculum. Building Proficiency through Language Students are able to learn best through their first language, their Mother Tongue (MT). Twelve (12) MT languages have been introduced for SY 2012-2013: Bahasa Sug, Bikol, Cebuano, Chabacano, Hiligaynon, Iloko, Kapampangan, Maguindanaoan, Meranao, Pangasinense, Tagalog, and Waray. Other local languages will be added in succeeding school years. Aside from the Mother Tongue, English and Filipino are taught as subjects starting Grade 1, with a focus on oral fluency. From Grades 4 to 6, English and Filipino are gradually introduced as languages of instruction. Both will become primary languages of instruction in Junior High School (JHS) and Senior High School (SHS). After Grade 1, every student can read in his or her Mother Tongue. Learning in Mother Tongue also serves as the foundation for students to learn Filipino and English easily. Ensuring integarated and seamless learning Subjects are taught from the simplest concepts to more complicated concepts through grade levels in spiral progression. As early as elementary, students gain knowledge in areas such as Biology, Geometry, Earth Science, Chemistry, and Algebra. This ensures a mastery of knowledge and skills after each level. For example, currently in High School, Biology is taught in 2nd Year, Chemistry in 3rd Year, and Physics in 4th Year. In K to 12, these subjects are connected and integrated from Grades 7 to 10. This same method is used in other Learning Areas like Math. Gearing for the future Senior High School is two years of specialized upper secondary education; students may choose a specialization based on aptitude, interests, and school capacity. The choice of

career track will define the content of the subjects a student will take in Grades 11 and 12. SHS subjects fall under either the Core Curriculum or specific Tracks. Core Curriculum There are seven Learning Areas under the Core Curriculum. These are Languages, Literature, Communication, Mathematics, Philosophy, Natural Sciences, and Social Sciences. Current content from some General Education subjects are embedded in the SHS curriculum. Tracks Each student in Senior High School can choose among three tracks: Academic; Technical-Vocational-Livelihood; and Sports and Arts. The Academic track includes three strands: Business, Accountancy, Management (BAM); Humanities, Education, Social Sciences (HESS); and Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM). Students undergo immersion, which may include earn-while-you-learn opportunities, to provide them relevant exposure and actual experience in their chosen track. TVET (Technical Vocational Education & Training) National Certificate After finishing Grade 10, a student can obtain Certificates of Competency (COC) or a National Certificate Level I (NC I). After finishing a Technical-Vocational-Livelihood track in Grade 12, a student may obtain a National Certificate Level II (NC II), provided he/she passes the competency-based assessment of the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA). NC I and NC II improves employability of graduates in fields like Agriculture, Electronics, and Trade. Modeling Best Practices for Senior High School In SY 2012-2013, there are 33 public high schools, public technical-vocational high schools, and higher education institutions (HEIs) that have implemented Grade 11. This is a

Research and Design (R&D) program to simulate different aspects of Senior High School in preparation for full nationwide implementation in SY 2016-2017. Modeling programs offered by these schools are based on students interests, community needs, and their respective capacities. Nurturing the Holistically Developed Filipino (College and Livelihood Readiness, 21st Century Skills) After going through Kindergarten, the enhanced Elementary and Junior High curriculum, and a specialized Senior High program, every K to 12 graduate will be ready to go into different paths may it be further education, employment, or entrepreneurship.

With the new curriculum they are expecting that every graduate will be equipped with: 1. Information, media and technology skills, 2. Learning and innovation skills, 3. Effective communication skills, and 4. Life and career skills.

After knowing what is K-12 let us take a look at my cooperating school to take a look if k-12 will fits in this k-12. As we know we are always have the positive sides and the negatives when we implement a curriculum. They are also adjustments that we have to take and what will be the consequences if this program will not work.

The School Maronquillo National High School is a simple public high school 9 years old of age. The school was founded on the summer of 2004 with the efforts of our former mayor Mrs. Lorna C. Silverio. She was aiming to help her constituents to acquire secondary education. It is located at Maronquillo, San Rafael at the Province of Bulacan with 27 teachers and staff with more or less 700 students. It is just a beginner compare to the other high school located in San Rafael but giving many teenagers to continue their schooling especially those who are living along the area of Sapang Pahalang, Tukod. For many years MNHS was using the BEC curriculum untilk-12 was formally implemented last SY 2012-2013. Now that the school was using K-12 program both teachers and students are adjusting to it.. They are striving hard for better learning for students, teachers are improvising materials needed by the students and as I noticed during my stay many equipments and facilities are lacking in that school but somehow they can manage. In a system like these you really need to have those materials, equipments and facilities to teach well the subject but if you dont really have it, you need to be wise, innovative and creative to surpass the challenge of teaching your subject especially T.L.E under K-12. Where you need to let the students experience and demonstrate the activity so that the skills will be developed. Not just that, in terms of the issue about NC or National Certification the 2 TLE teachers are following what is required for them. They took up the test for having NC and striving for more to be able to strengthen their knowledge about the different subjects in TLE. They are also attending seminars, training and workshops. Teachers and students are both making efforts but what hurts the most is that in many aspects there are a lot to be flourished first before the school implemented the k-12. Facilities as said by the teachers yes they can manage by now but they wanted to give more to students, to be able to teach more and students to learn more.

Discussion about K-12: Teacher A: In favor or not? I am in favor, for it upgrades the education system.

Definition of K-12? K-12 for me is a system which aims to enhance the quality of education of our country by training our students in developing their skills and help them into self-actualization in which they are just guided by the teachers and helping them to learn more but boosting their independence. In k-12 we are now giving every student 12 years of education to train them more and produce competitive students here and abroad. Advantages of K-12: K-12 really helps students to maximize their potential by doing the activities with their own ideas and let them do it by themselves. As we all know in T.L.E. we focus more on skills and this provides students competency about the different sectors in this subject. Students have the chance to enhance those skills they possessed and to work abroad with their national certification.

Effects of K-12 to students: Students are more active when it comes to actual demonstration than just by discussing the subject. Though they are having a hard time on the first time they handle the lessons they are now engaging themselves to learn the subject. They are now used into the set-up of less discussion and we just facilitate them.

Adjustments for this program: Teachers like me have to gain a national certification to teach students for my subject TLE. We are also trying to adjust by the latest trend in education. Resources are not always available so we have to do something about it. Limited subjects of TLE are offered based on the available resources. We need to improvise materials which are needed by our subject.

Challenges for you in having K-12: Just like what she said TLE has 24 subjects and every subjects needed materials and equipments and facilities for better learning but the schools resources are only limited that is why we are having a hard time producing and give an alternate solution to the problem. It is still the effect of scarcity from the budget or fund for our education.

Positive sides of K-12: Unlike on the BEC curriculum students take 1 subject for every grading period that its why theyre attention is balanced and they learn more and master the skills, abilities and become competitive and resourceful.

Why do we need K-12? To enhance and upgrade our system of education we all know that Philippines has been left out by the other countries with its educational system and Filipinos who finished their studies here in our country ended up having blue-collar jobs that doesnt fit with their educational attainment.

Discussion about K-12: Teacher B: In favor or not? I am in favor of K-12. Definition of K-12? It is a system of education which aims to upgrade our education. With this we already have the idea that a lot will change in our way of teaching or delivering our lesson, the training and seminars for each teachers on how to effectively teach our lesson. This k-12 only promotes change and betterment in our industry. Effects of K-12 to students: Students are more engaging themselves in our lesson. You can see that they are motivated because they have their own task to do so they focus their attention on doing the activity intended for the topic.

Why do we need k-12 The implementation of the K- 12 education plan in the Philippine Basic Education Curriculum is the key to our nations development. Though the government will face many problems in the long run of the implementation of the program, there really is a need to implement it because the enhancement of the quality of our education is very urgent and critical.

Adjustments for this program: Adjustments are the preparedness to this system, trainings and workshops are different than before, the grading system and the way we do our lesson plan. Now we just specify the outcome and not to be detailed in everything that we will do in our class. We also need to be more innovative to sustain the needed materials we will use in our lesson so the students can catch up and to ensure that we are following the rule of k-12 that we will focus more on students activities.

Challenges for you in having K-12: The real challenge for me is how you will adjust if you have limited resources to begin with, modules are not complete, limited materials and facilities. Maybe if the government added at least two years of preparation we can expect that this will make a big difference than having it by now.

Positive sides of K-12: Students participate and engage themselves with the lesson and they develop also many skills which they can use in their living. K-12 also gives them chance to know what the possible courses that they will fit into are. This gives them learning in which they may use in next years of their lives.

Why do we need k-12 The implementation of the K- 12 education plan in the Philippine Basic Education Curriculum is the key to our nations development. Though the government will face many problems in the long run of the implementation of the program, there really is a need to implement it because the enhancement of the quality of our education is very urgent and critical.

Summary:

Teachers are both in favor of having K-12 in our education system; they enumerate many changes favorable or not in bringing up this system. In their situation right now, they are facing so many adjustments because of lacking of resources, materials, equipments and facilities. But, if we focus on the long- term effect of K- 12, we can say that it is very favorable to us Filipinos.

MNHS is not that big and before K-12 was implemented there were many things to be flourished. Trainings, seminars and workshops are everywhere but no one teaches a teacher how she will deliver her lesson with these problems he/she is facing. They also said that you just need to be innovative, wise and creative for you to cope up with change. Change is good but you must have to learn more about this change. Therefore, we must have the strong will in supporting K- 12 Educational Plan for the betterment of our education system and economy. K-12 is good yes, but we must prepared ourselves and dedicate our work to our students who badly needs the learning so that when they go to the real world which is full of competitors they will be able to make it. With this changes we are also enhancing their potentials and upgrading those knowledge they have by having activities that will maximize their learning even more. The only problem the teachers are facing is the materials, facilities and equipments they needed to sustain the students activities. The K- 12 education plan offers a great solution to our problem where Philippines are being left out by other countries. However, we all know that there are problems arising as we implement the program such as lack of government budget, classrooms and school supplies as well as the teachers.

References: The official gazette for K-12 file:///C:/Users/neil/Documents/k12%20cs/K12%20Challenges%20and%20Recommendations%20-%2020Time%20In%20Education%20Inspire.%20Create.%20Innovate.htm file:///C:/Users/neil/Documents/k12%20cs/Why%20does%20the%20Philippines%20Need%20th e%20K-12%20Education%20System.htm file:///C:/Users/neil/Documents/k-12%20cs/Challenges%20in%20Implementing%20K12%20and%20Transformative%20Education%20_%20taborasj.htm