Chemistry Interview Capsule What do we study in Chemistry?

y? Chemistry, a branch of physical science, is the study of the composition, structure, properties and change of matter. Chemistry is chiefly concerned with atoms and their interactions with other atoms What is atom? Structure of atom? Smallest recognized division of a chemical element The atom is a basic unit of matter that consists of a dense central nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. The atomic nucleus contains a mix of positively charged protons and electrically neutral neutrons (except in the case of hydrogen-1, which is the only stable nuclide with no neutrons). The electrons of an atom are bound to the nucleus by the electromagnetic force Difference between electron, proton and neutron? What is difference between organic and inorganic chemistry?
The primary difference between organic compounds and inorganic compounds is that organic compounds always contain carbon while most inorganic compounds do not contain carbon Also; almost all organic compounds contain carbon-hydrogen or C-H bonds.

What is Redox (Reduction-Oxidation) reaction? Redox (reduction-oxidation) reactions include all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation state changed; in general, redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between species. What is Oxidation State? The electron needed to complete its Valance Shell. What is Periodic table? The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements, organized on the basis of their atomic numbers, electron configurations(electron shell model), and recurring chemical properties. Elements are presented in order of increasing atomic number (the number of protons in the nucleus). Who founded Periodic table? - Mandeleev Total how many elements are in Periodic table? - 118 What is atomic number and atomic weight? The atomic number (also known as the proton number) is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom and therefore identical to the charge number of the nucleus. What are Metals/Non Metals/Inactive Gases/radio nuclear elements? Metal: Elements which have positive oxidation state. [Na,K,Ca] Non Metals: Elements which have negative oxidation state. [O, S, P] Inactive Gases: Elements which have complete Valance Shell. [He,Ne,Ar,Kr, Xe] Radio Active Element: Elements which are highly unstable in nature and decomposes after a fixed time and radiate alpha, beta and gamma radiations. [U,Pu,Th]

What is Acid/Base/Salt? Acid: Compound which releases H+ ion in aqueous medium [HCL,HNO3] Base: Compound which releases OH- in aqueous medium [NaOH,Ca(OH)2] Salt: Compound which is formed by the reaction of Acid and Base [NaCl]

What are Isotopes and isobars? Isotopes: Chemical elements, which have same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. [C-12, C-13, C-14 (Atomic number - 6)] Isobars (nuclide): Chemical elements, which have same number of atomic weight [S, Cl, Ar, K, Ca (all having atomic weight 40)] Elements and their Atomic Number Element Name H Hydrogen He Helium Li Lithium B Boron C Carbon N Nitrogen O Oxygen Na Sodium Mg Magnesium Al Aluminium P Phosphorous S Sulphur Cl Chlorine Fe Iron Cu Copper Zn Zinc

Atomic Number 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 11 12 13 15 16 17 26 29 30

Atomic Weight

Chemical Formulas: Compound Water Nitrogen Methane Benzene Sodium Chloride Sulphuric Acid Hydrochloric Acid Nitric Acid Calcium Hydroxide Chemical Formula H2O N2 CH4 C6H6 NaCl H2SO4 HCL HNO3 Ca(OH)2