TRANS 3: VIRAL GIT PATHOGENS Reoviridae: Rotavirus - dsRNA, naked, icosahedral

Caliciviridae: Norovirus- ssRNA, naked, icosahedral Astroviridae: Astrovirus- ssRNA, enveloped, icosahedral *Enterovirus: Poliovirus, Coxsackie A&B, Echovirus _________________________________________________ ROTAVIRUS - Reoviridae: (+)dsRNA, icosahed, naked, wheel-shaped - assoc with gastrenteritis esp. with children <3 y/o *adults: mild diarrhea - 7 groups: > A = most common type, primary human pathogens > B = diarrhea in pigs > C = sporadic diarrhea in infants > D,E,F = animal pathogens ONLY MATURE: survive in environment triple-shelled; 8 STRUCTURAL PROTEINS VP4, VP7- outer capsid <<< target of neutralizing Ab VP6- intermediate capsid <<< for grouping and subgrouping VP1, VP2, VP3- inner capsid << 2:predominant NSP IMMATURE: survive in the host body double-shelled; 2 serotypes: P & G <<< impt vaccine dev't 14 G serotypes(G1,2,3,4,9) & 20 P serotypes (P4,8) Common combinations: P8G1, P8G2, P4G2, P8G4 !!! NSP: viral enterotoxin: induces diarrhea due to destruction of microvilli - Triad of symptoms: Fever, Vomitting, Diarrhea with CORYZA & COUGH !!! DEHYDRATION = LEADING COMPLICATION !! PEAK: winter seasons ! Transmission: person-person, oro-fecal route: with 10 infectious virions

_________________________________________________ Group A: monkey kidney cells Vaccine of choice: RotaTeq. Why? More genotypes. _________________________________________________ NOROVIRUS - Caliciviridae: ssRNA, enveloped, icosahedral

causes SINGLE ID: 10 stable

acute gastroenteritis in older children & adults STRUCTURAL PROTEIN virions in environment

!!! DEHYDRATION = LEADING COMPLICATION !! PEAK: winter seasons ! Transmission: ingestion damage to microvilli-> malabsorption causes abnormal gastric motility & delayed gastric emptying

> Clinical features abrupt onset of nausea & vomitting-> diarrhea-> headache-> asymptomatic infections !Most are infected by age four but are asymptomatic Features: highly contagious person-person, aerosol, contaminated body fluids, ingestion no long-term immunity virus is maintained at shellfish & ice

Treatment: - symptomatic treatment - NO VACCINE _________________________________________________ ASTROVIRUS Astroviridae milder disease than Rotavirus & Norovirus icosahed, ssRNA, naked 3 STRUCTURAL PROTEINS: VP26,29(predominant),34(capsid proteins)

Characteristics: - 8 serotypes - stable in chemical & physical agents - cause diarrheal illness in infants, young children, elderly, and immunicompro mised people - survive a long time in -20deg - virus shedding in stool !! PEAK : winter seasons (temperate) rainy seasons (tropical) ID: <100 virions transmission: oro-fecal route