Abdomen 2

Planes and Regions of the Abdomen

A- Horizontal Planes and B- Vertical Planes

Lt Lateral Plane

Rt Lateral Plane

Transpyloric Plane Subcostal Plane

L1 L2 L3

9th Costal C. and L1 10TH rib and L3

Transcrestal Plane

L4 L5

L4

Transtubercular Plane

L5

ASIS
Rt Midinguinal Point Lt Midinguinal Point

Symphysis Pubis

Regions of The Abdomen

Lt Lateral Plane

Rt Lateral Plane Epigastrium

Subcostal Plane

10TH rib and L3

Umbilical

Transtubercular Plane

L5

Hypogastrium

Layers of the Anterior Abdominal Wall

1- Skin

1- Skin

2-Superficial Fascia

T7
T8
Iliohypogastric Nerve L1

T9
T10 T11 T12

IlioInguinal Nerve

L1

Umbilicus

Midline

Umbilicus

L3 L4

The Umbilicus is considered as The Water Shed Line of The Body

Abnormal Umbilicus

Obesity

Pregnancy

Ascitis

2- Superficial Fascia

2- Superficial Fascia

a- Superficial Fatty Layer

b- Deep Membranous Layer

Remember
No Deep Fascia in The Anterior Abdominal Wall

3- Muscles

A- Anteriorly (Around The Midline)

Rectus Abdominis

Pyramidalis

B- Laterally (On Each Side)

External Oblique Internal Oblique

External Oblique

External Oblique Transversus Abdominis Internal Oblique Internal Oblique

4- Fascia Transversalis

External Oblique

Internal Oblique

Transversus Abdominis

Transversus Abdominis

Transversalis Fascia

5- Peritoneum and Extra-peritoneal Fat

External Oblique

Internal Oblique

Transversus Abdominis

Transversus Abdominis Transversalis Fascia

Peritoneum and Extra-Peritoneal Fat

Skin Superficial Fascia Muscles Transversalis Fascia

Transverse Section in The Anterior Abdominal Wall

Peritoneum

External oblique muscle

Origin

Pectoralis Major

It originates from The Lower 8 Ribs

Latissmus Dorsi

External Oblique

Direction of Fibers

The Upper Anterior Fibers

(Horizontal)

The Lower PosteriorFibers

(Descend Vertically)
The Middle Fibers

External Oblique

(Oblique) Downwards, Forwards and Medially

External Oblique

Insertion

a- Posterior Fleshy Fibers

Is inserted into The Anterior Half of The Outer Lip of The Iliac Crest

b- The Anterior Fibers

Xiphoid Process

Linea Alba

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

Pubic Tubercle and Pubic Crest

Inguinal Ligament

Pubic Tubercle and Pubic Crest

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

Pectineal Line

Pubic Tubercle and Pubic Crest

Inguinal Ligament

Nerve Supply of External Oblique

Lower 6 Thoracic Nerves (T6-T12)

The Inguinal (Pouparts) Ligament

Definition, Attachments and Surfaces of Inguinal Ligament

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

Pectineal Line

Pubic Crest
Pubic Tubercle

Linea Alba

Inguinal Ligament

Expansions of Inguinal Ligament

Linea Alba

External Oblique

Lacunar Part

Reflected Part Pectineal Part

Structures Passing Deep to (Behind) The Inguinal Ligament

1- Muscles

Psoas Major Muscle

Iliacus Muscle

Inguinal Ligament

2- Vessels

External Iliac Lymph Nodes

Femoral Vein Femoral Artery

Inguinal Ligament

Deep Inguinal Lymph Nodes

3- Nerves

Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of The Thigh

Femoral Nerve

Femoral Branch of Genitofemoral Nerve

Structures Passing Superficial to The Inguinal Ligament

Superficial Epigastric Vessels

Superficial Circumflex Iliac Vessels

Anterior Abdominal Wall Lymph Vessels

Superficial External Pudendal Vessels

Superficial Inguinal Lymph Nodes

Superficial Inguinal Ring

Linea Alba

External Oblique

Structures passing in The Superficial Inguinal Ring In The Male

Superficial Inguinal Ring

External Spermatic Fascia

Spermatic Cord

Ilio-inguinal Nerve

Lumbar Triangle

Internal Oblique The Posterior Fibers of The External Oblique The Anterior Fibers of Latissmus Dorsi

The Iliac Crest

Bilateral Lumbar Hernia

Bilateral Lumbar Hernia

Thank You