D2 2 Regional SWOT Analysis 1 1

Regional SWOT analysis from an economic, innovation and RTD perspective D2.
Version: 1.1 Last Update: 16/1/2014
Dissemination Level: PU
Dissemination level
PU = Public, RE = Restricted to a group of the specified Consortium, PP = Restricted to other programme participants (including Commission Services), CO= Confidential, only for members of the Silicon Europe Consortium (including the Commission Services)
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n 320004
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Document Identity
Title: WP: WP leader: Main Editor Version: File name: Last Update: Regional SWOT analysis 2Analysis of research agendas Frank Bsenberg, Silicon Saxony Management GmbH Michael Kaiser, Silicon Saxony Management GmbH 1.1 D2 2_Regional_SWOT analysis_1.1 Thursday, January 16, 2014
Revision History
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Kaiser added value chain charts Kaiser final edit Kaiser, van der Zon, Margetts final edit
Author(s)
Kessler, Motte, van der Zon, Payer, Janssens
Date
06.11.2013 07.01.2014 10.01.2014 16.01.2014
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Silicon Europe FP7 RoK GA 320004
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Table of contents
1. 2. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 9 Regional SWOT analysis of Saxony / Germany ............................................................10
2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4. 2.5. 2.6 2.7 Overview SWOT .................................................................................................................... 10 Analysis of regional knowledge transfer ................................................................................ 12 Existing regional smart specialisation strategies ................................................................... 14 Existing regional cluster policies and initiatives ..................................................................... 16 Existing economic development policies ............................................................................... 16 Evaluation of European and international context ................................................................. 18 Technological view ................................................................................................................ 18
Regional SWOT analysis of Rhne-Alpes / France .......................................................20

3.1. 3.2. 3.3. 3.4. 3.5. 3.6. 3.7. Overview SWOT .................................................................................................................... 20 Analysis of regional knowledge transfer ................................................................................ 24 Existing regional smart specialisation strategies ................................................................... 28 Existing regional cluster policies and initiatives ..................................................................... 30 Existing economic development policies ............................................................................... 31 Evaluation of European and international context ................................................................. 34 Technological view ................................................................................................................ 35
4.
Regional SWOT analysis of Flanders / Belgium ............................................................38

5.
Regional SWOT analysis of South and East Netherlands ..............................................45

6.
Regional SWOT analysis of Carinthia / Austria ..............................................................54

6.1. 6.2. 6.3. Overview SWOT .................................................................................................................... 54 Analysis of regional knowledge transfer ................................................................................ 56 Existing regional smart specialisation strategies ................................................................... 57
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6.4. 6.5. 6.6. 6.7.
Existing regional cluster policies and initiatives ..................................................................... 58 Existing economic development policies ............................................................................... 58 Evaluation of European and international context ................................................................. 59 Technological view ................................................................................................................ 59
7. 8.
Conclusions...................................................................................................................62 Glossary ........................................................................................................................64
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List of abbreviations
BCS-NL BMBF BMVIT BMWF BMWFJ BMWi cfAED EDA ERDF ERA FDSOI GWT HZDR ICT IDM JAP KETs LE M(O)EMS M2M MEMS MINT MNE NFC OEM RFID
Business Cluster Semiconductor Netherlands Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany) Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology (Austria) Federal Ministry of Science and Research (Austria) Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth (Austria) Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (Germany) Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden Electronic Design Automation European Regional Development Fund European Research Area fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator Society for Knowledge and Technology Transfer Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf Information and Communication Technologies Integrated device manufacturer Joint Action Plan Key Enabling Technologies Large enterprises Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical Systems Machine to Machine Micro-electromechanical systems Mathematics, Engineering, Natural Sciences, Technical Micro- and Nanoelectronic Near Field Communication Original Equipment Manufacturer Radio-Frequency Identification
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RIS3 RTD RTO SME SMWA SMWK TSV WFS WP
Regional Innovation Strategy - Smart Specialisation Research and Technological Development Research and Technological Organization Small and Medium Enterprises Saxon State Ministry for Economic Affairs, Labour and Transport Saxon State Ministry for Science and Art (Saxony) Through Silicon Via Saxony Economic Development Corporation Work Package
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List of figures
Figure 1: Smart specialisation made in Saxony ............................................................................. 15 Figure 2: Value chain Silicon Saxony .............................................................................................. 19 Figure 3: Market focus Silicon Saxony ............................................................................................ 19 Figure 4: Rhone-Alpes priorities and S3 Domains ........................................................................ 29 Figure 5: Value chain Minalogic ....................................................................................................... 36 Figure 6: Market focus Minalogic ..................................................................................................... 37 Figure 7: Nanotechnologies for health as smart specialisation. .................................................. 40 Figure 8: Value chain DSP Valley .................................................................................................... 43 Figure 9: Market focus DSP Valley .................................................................................................. 44 Figure 10: Smart Specialisation HTNL ............................................................................................ 48 Figure 11: Value chain High Tech NL.............................................................................................. 53 Figure 12: Market focus High Tech NL............................................................................................ 53 Figure 13: Value chain ME2C ........................................................................................................... 61 Figure 14: Market focus ME2C ......................................................................................................... 61 Figure 15: Value chain Silicon Europe ............................................................................................ 62
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List of tables
Table 1: Overview SWOT Saxony (Germany) Strengths/Weaknesses .............................. 10 Table 2: Overview SWOT Saxony (Germany) Opportunities/Threats ................................. 11 Table 3: Overview SWOT Rhne-Alpes (France) Strengths/Weaknesses ......................... 20 Table 4: Overview SWOT Rhne-Alpes (France) Opportunities/Threats ........................... 21 Table 5: Overview SWOT Flanders (Belgium)............................................................................ 38 Table 6: Overview SWOT South and East Netherlands Strengths/Weaknesses .............. 45 Table 7: Overview SWOT South and East Netherlands Opportunities/Threats................. 46 Table 8: Overview SWOT Carinthia (Austria) Strengths/Weaknesses ................................ 54 Table 9: Overview SWOT Carinthia (Austria) Opportunities/Threats .................................. 55
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1. Introduction
Silicon Europe unites the technological expertise and resources of Europes leading players in micro- and nanoelectronics. They join forces to strengthen Europes position as the worlds leading centre for energy efficient electronics while effectively working to counteract the increasing energy demand. The SWOT analysis has been developed to investigate, next to the cartography (D2.1), in more depth, the typical properties of the 5 clusters and to explore the potential for each region for a smart specialisation strategy. As such the SWOT analysis is a useful tool to support the positioning of Europe in its role as a world-leader in terms of research, development and production of the key enabling technology of micro- and nanoelectronics with a vision of the goals for Europe 2020. This analysis supports and further extends the collaboration between the high-potential European clusters towards a Joint Action Plan in WP3 on local and regional levels as well as on a European level to enable the implementation of a smart specialisation strategy for each region. All the relevant data for the SWOT analysis has been collected through an elaborated process, through interviews and workshops, involving experts from companies, cluster organisations, research institutes, universities and public authorities. Further assessment of the gathered information was done in several project sessions with all partners. Based on this regional data, a structured European matrix will be developed in D2.3 which contains, in a condensed form, the most important elements of the SWOT. This format then allows a comparison of the data and an evaluation of the joint strengths and the individual complementarities needed to build a strong cluster cooperation.
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2. Regional SWOT analysis of Saxony / Germany

2.1.
Strengths
Competence for high-volume chip production by Infineon and Globalfoundries, most powerful micro-chip production in Europe (every 2nd chip made in Europe is from Saxony) Silicon Saxony as core of the ICT cluster (2,100 enterprises, 51,000 employees) Strong research landscape (9 universities with over 100,000 students - approx. 45,000 relevant for MNE -, 13 relevant Fraunhofer institutes, HZDR, 3 relevant institutes of the Leibniz Association, 3 relevant institutes of the Max Planck Society Working technology transfer structure (Namlab, GWT, 20 Technology Centres and Incubators, 5 cross-university start up initiatives) Dedicated education schemes on worker level (dual study, professional schools) Strong strategic cooperation between Cluster and the regional authorities Real triple helix managed high-tech region Microelectronic as enabler identified in the regional smart specialisation strategy 2.88% (1.6% public) of the Saxon domestic product is used for R&D -> 5th in German ranking Silicon Saxony is recognized as strongest microelectronic cluster in Europe Competence for energy efficiency in Cool Silicon Cluster ranked as the strongest national leading edge cluster (BMBF)
Overview SWOT
Weaknesses
Small-scale structures of Saxon economy (many SMEs, no headquarters of large companies in Saxony) Systems and final-products approach (weakness at the end of the value chain) Lack of Venture Capital and Business Angels Lack of structured innovation management within the companies Decline in start-ups (start-up intensity with 61 per 10,000 working people is below the German average 78) Insufficient use of knowledge transfer structures Low proportion (approximately 15%) of women in MINT-subjects (mathematics, IT, natural sciences, engineering)
Technology: Vast experience in high volume production (More Moore and More than Moore, 200mm and 300mm) Strong industrial base for equipment makers, materials 3D-integration, smart systems-integration Application competence for automotive, engineering, energy, medical
Table 1: Overview SWOT Saxony (Germany) Strengths/Weaknesses
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Opportunities
Cross cluster cooperation for enhancement of innovation Coordination of the research activities of the European Clusters regarding the market trends better cooperation between the key players in industry and RTOs in Europes Microelectronics Clusters => indispensable for future growth Alignment of European, national and regional strategies (European Strategy on microelectronics, Innovation Strategy) and respective measures Strategy alignment with application industries Focus on consumer products/industries (high potential of multiplication), create new player for consumer products More foundations of technological start-ups than German average and above-average potential for technology-oriented start-ups from universities and research institutes Growth of software segment 500 employees in Dresden, research institutes for embedded software and systems (cyber-physical systems), more systems provider companies (e.g. server, embedded products etc.)
Threats
Existing European regulation of competition and investment Supply and technology dependency on Asian 450mm Foundries Decrease of EU funding (structural funds) Lack of national co-financing within ECSEL Increasing energy costs through current national energy policy (Energiewende) Demographical change => decreasing start-up activities and potential lack of skilled staff Challenge of successor establishment for SMEs
Technology: Continue with More Moore and More than Moore with the goal of convergence as well venturing Beyond-CMOS Interdisciplinary cooperation with biotechnology, organic electronics, optoelectronics, mechanical engineering, agriculture, health care Microelectronic as enabler/driver for future Mega Trends (Industry 4.0, smart mobility) Many changes in cyber-physical systems engineering (Smart City, Smart Logistics, Smart Factory, Smart Car, Smart Grid, Smart Systems, Smart Lighting, Cyber Security)
Table 2: Overview SWOT Saxony (Germany) Opportunities/Threats
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Strengths Main strengths within the Silicon Saxony cluster are related to the long experience on 300mm, including pioneering and high volume production. A further strength on the industrial side is related to equipment manufacturers and suppliers in accordance with D2.1. On the research side, the high number of institutions including a German excellence university and a German leading edge cluster (Cool Silicon) are the main assets. Last, but not least, there are strong connections to the local and regional authorities already, reflecting the presence of a real and working triple helix structure within the cluster. In terms of potential further growth, the presence of numerous start-up initiatives as well as existing technology transfer structures are considered as strengths within the cluster. Weaknesses On the other hand, the use of this existing structure in terms of countable growing (new) companies is a weakness. Also the structure of the cluster itself, combining mainly SMEs together with a lack of headquarters of big companies is considered to be a weakness, leading also to a lack of capital on cluster level. On the technical side, the missing systems and finalproducts approach forms a weakness at the end of the value chain. Opportunities Main opportunities arise from increase of cooperation and alignment of existing strategies on various levels, in particular from better cooperation between the key players in industry and RTOs in Europes Microelectronics Clusters, an alignment of European, national and regional strategies (European Strategy on microelectronics, Innovation Strategy) and respective measures as well as strategy alignment with application industries. Threats Biggest threats on local/regional level are the demographic development in Germany, the lack of national co-financing for important new funding programmes, in particular ECSEL and increasing energy costs through current national energy policy (Energiewende).
2.2.
Analysis of regional knowledge transfer
One of the biggest assets of Saxony and in particular the greater Dresden area is an established strong cooperation between science, industry and administration that has been grown over the last 20 years. Regional knowledge transfer is strong between SMEs and large industries: experts work closely together on topics like e.g. cleanroom technology, high automation, robotics or wafer inspection. The results are then being used within manufacturing landscape of Silicon Saxony and for new products which are mainly sold by the SMEs to semiconductor industries worldwide.
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There is a strong and excellent research landscape: From more than 100,000 students, a share of approximately 43% is engaged in the so called MINT- area (Mathematics, Engineering, Natural Sciences, Technical Sciences), i.e. in subjects that are relevant to the semiconductor field. Despite various initiatives1, the proportion of women in MINT-subjects is still low with approximately 15%. Consequently, Saxony has the highest rate of researchers (1st in Germany ranking): there are 31,44 researchers per 1,000 inhabitants. The most important and relevant universities and research organisations in the greater Dresden area are: TU Dresden, University of Excellence with excellence cluster cfAED Hochschule fr Technik und Wirtschaft Dresden (University of Applied Science) Technische Universitt Bergakademie Freiberg 3 institutes of the Max Planck Society 6 institutes of the Leibniz Association 1 institute of the Helmholtz Association 12 institutes of the Fraunhofer Society and other private institutes
They are connected by DRESDEN concept a unique structure that allows to combine the strengths of the single players. DRESDEN concept is an acronym and stands for Dresden Research and Education Synergies for the Development of Excellence and Novelty2. The good connection to the industry is reflected by the fact that numerous professorships are being supported by industry. The following are relevant for the field of micro- and nanoelectronics: Vodafone Chair Mobile Communication Systems (since 1999) AREVA Endowed Chair of Imaging Techniques in Energy and Process Engineering (since 2009) Endowed chair for ultra precision treatment with Iones and Plasmes (since 2013) Endowed chair for Organic Photovoltaics (since 2013) Endowed professorship for cfAED (since 2013)
The education structure furthermore features dedicated schemes on worker level (e.g. dual study, professional schools). The great scientific potential already leads to more foundations of technological start-ups than in German average 3 and above-average potential for technology-oriented start-ups from universities and research institutions. 4 cross-university start-up initiatives (Dresden exists,
See e.g. http://www.komm-mach-mint.de www.dresden-concept.de 3 Innovationsstrategie.sachsen.de, page 32

2
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SAXEED, SMILE, Grnderakademie Lausitz) deliver technical support while setting up a business. Regarding finance, there are so called Seed-Stipendien (financial support for a team of max. 3 people setting up a business), the Technologiegrnderfonds Sachsen (TGFS) as well as a business plan competition futureSAX with prices and a dedicated innovation prize (50,000 EUR)4. Generally, there is a rather high level of publicly funded research and development => 2.88% (1.6% public) of the Saxon domestic product is being used for R&D (5th in German ranking). In terms of supportive infrastructure, the existence of numerous business incubators and technology centres to support technology transfer is worth mentioning, e.g.: BioInnovationsZentrum, Nanocenter Dresden, TechnologieZentrumDresden, Business & Innovation Centre Leipzig, Grnder- und Gewerbezentrum Lbtauer Strae, Grnder- und Innovationszentrum Freiberg/Brand-Erbisdorf GmbH, Rossendorfer Technologiezentrum, Technologie Centrum Chemnitz, Technologie- und Grnderzentrum Bautzen, Technologieorientiertes Grnder- und Dienstleistungszentrum Annaberg, TechnologiePark Mittweida Technologie- und Grnderzentrum Freital
The so called Hightech Startbahn5 is still a quite young initiative, currently run still as research project that shall deliver support during the important growth phase.
2.3.
Existing regional smart specialisation strategies
The State Ministry for Economic Affairs, Labour and Transport (SMWA) initiated a study that resulted in an Innovationsstrategie (innovation strategy) that was published in July 20136. The strategy consists of a detailed analysis of the present situation and contains an action plan for the Free State of Saxony (2014-2020) with regard to innovation issues closely orientated on the RIS 3 Guide7.
http://www.mittelstand.sachsen.de/4475.html 5 www.hightech-startbahn.de 6 http://www.innovationsstrategie.sachsen.de/ 7 http://s3platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/s3pguide
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Though the strategy was drafted and edited by the SMWA, it is closely linked and harmonized to other regional strategies and action plans by other relevant regional authorities. On the technical side, the Innovationsstrategie (innovation strategy) basically defines priorities for Saxony, namely all key enabling technologies (KETs): Micro- and Nanoelectronics, ICT, Nanotechnology, advanced materials, advanced manufacturing systems, biotechnology and photonics. A specific growth potential is seen for micro- and nanoelectronics with focus on 3D-integration, smart systems integration, organic electronics and photonics. Identified future markets are: health, environment, energy, raw materials, mobility, digital and communication.
Figure 1: Smart specialisation made in Saxony
The existing and longstanding cooperation and the regular meetings between all regional decision-makers (local: City of Dresden, regional: SMWA, SMWK, WFS) ensures an early involvement of the cluster staff in the development of new strategic guidelines (e.g. Saxon innovation strategy). The excellent collaboration between regional decision-makers and the Silicon Saxony Cluster is also reflected by a direct synchronization of action plans defined in the Silicon Saxony Strategy since 2013.
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2.4.
Existing regional cluster policies and initiatives
Regional instruments for cluster support One of the most relevant cluster policy, connected also to funding, is GRW -Frderung fr Kooperationsnetzwerke und Clustermanagement (funding of cooperation networks and cluster management)8. Die GRW-funding is limited to selected (German) regions. The objective of the policy is to sustainably strengthen the regional investments using a self-for-self-help-approach finally leading to the creation of permanently competitive employment in the respective region. Further (national) instruments for cluster support are the BMBF Innovation Initiative "Entrepreneurial Regions ("Zwanzig20) in which recently 10 projects have been selected, each of them funded with approximately 50 Million EUR and 5 of them led by Saxon institutions (please see also section 2.5). Last, but not least, there are nationally funded projects like Cool Silicon9 (funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Leading-Edge-Cluster Competition) and the Go Cluster initiative by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi).
2.5.
Existing economic development policies
The most relevant regional economic development policy is the already mentioned Saxon innovation strategy (see also 2.3). It was set up following the requirement of establishing priorities for EU-funding (2014-2020) with a focus on smart specialisation. Micro- and nanoelectronics as one of the key enabling technologies has been identified as one of the most important enablers of growth and economic development in the region. The overall objective is the creation of innovation-friendly framework conditions as well as strengthening the innovation processes through reorientation of the general regional business development programmes to promote business innovation. Further aims are safeguarding of skilled manpower potential as well as focussing of research activities through increasing promotion of excellence and concentrating on KETs. The identified future markets are health and nutrition, environment and resources, energy, raw materials, mobility as well as digital communication.
http://www.foerderdatenbank.de/FoerderDB/Navigation/Foerderrecherche/suche.html?get=views;document&doc=373 9 www.cool-silicon.de
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The Innovationsstrategie (innovation strategy) is closely linked and harmonized to the Technology and innovation policy in the Free State of Saxony (drafted by SMWK, regional). The primary objective of this policy is strengthening public and private research. Further objectives are: increasing the attractiveness of the Saxon region for international scientists strengthening technology oriented networks and clusters supporting R&D activities of enterprises intensification of transfer process science-economy development of a research driven infrastructure
Technically, there is a certain focus on: biological and medical technologies, chemical and physical technologies, energy technologies, manufacturing technologies, micro- and nanotechnologies, software- and information technologies, environmental technologies and materials technologies. However, generally this policy is considered to be technologically neutral, i.e. there is no real focus on any type of technology, sector or branch. One of the respective funding instruments is called FuE-Verbundprojektfrderung (funding of R&D cooperation projects, from 2014 decrease of European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)). Another one is the Kooperationsfrderung im Rahmen der Mittelstandsfrderung (funding of cooperation for promoting SME, since 07/2013 only for running projects). Very recently, a new co-financing programme for the MNE-initiatives of the EU with regional funding share and focus on More than Moore was announced. It is based on the definition of priorities for 2014-2020 in the Saxon innovation strategy. At the same time, the founding of Silicon Germany took place as an initiative to connect MNE with the user-industry. The following paragraph lists the most relevant national policies/funding programmes: Central Innovation Programme SME (Zentrales Innovationsprogramm Mittelstand ZIM), BMWi Entrepreneurial Regions (BMBF) - The BMBF Innovation Initiative for the New German federal states (Unternehmen Region) Zwanzig20 Partnership for Innovation, since 2012: winning projects led by Saxon players and relevant for the field of micro- and nanoelectronics are smart (materials solutions growth), FAST fast actuators sensors and transceivers and Flex+.
Additionally, there is the Excellence cluster competition by BMBF, in which the local initiative Cool Silicon forms one of the frontrunner projects. The overall policy document for all initiatives on national level is the so called High-Tech Strategy for Germany10 (BMBF).
10
http://www.hightech-strategie.de/
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2.6
Evaluation of European and international context
Several years ago, Silicon Saxony started a cooperation with Minalogic, named Dresden/ Grenoble Cluster Initiative, to strengthen the ties between the two largest MNE clusters in Europe. Based upon this cooperation the Silicon Europe Cluster project has been initiated. The idea was to enhance the cooperation with other active European MNE clusters. For the further development of the project it is planned to broaden the scope by cooperating internationally in order to remain competitive. For the implementation of EU projects the TU Dresden plays a clear leading role in terms of numbers of projects and the involvement of cluster members. In comparison to other European countries it must be particularly mentioned that the national co-financing within ENIAC was considerably lower than elsewhere, hindering the implementation of some potential interesting projects. For a further evaluation of EU funding programmes and also opportunities on that see also section 3.6.
2.7
Technological view
As shown in deliverable 2.1, the cluster covers basically the whole value chain with a strong focus on equipment. The identified strengths and focussed areas with regard to technology are: 300mm More Moore Fab, 300mm Power Devices Fab Vast experience in high volume production on 300mm More Moore (SOI Technology) More than Moore (3D system integration, smart systems) Strong industrial base for equipment and materials Organic electronics (flexible and printed electronics) Internet of things (cyber-physical systems) Energy (storage technologies) Biotechnology (in particular biosensors)
To link the technological view with the semiconductor value chain the results from D2.1 overview on RTD offers and demands were combined with the SWOT analysis data. The result - a qualitative assessment for the whole ecosystem of Saxony region - is shown in figure 2. The size and colour of the bubbles indicate in which areas Saxony has particularly high competences compared to the other regions. These are the fields: fabs, equipment and materials (bigger bubbles with red colour).
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Figure 2: Value chain Silicon Saxony
The technological view has a strong interaction with the identified future markets: health, environment, energy, raw materials, mobility, digital and communication as described inside the regional smart specialisation strategies (chapter 2.3). Several of those markets are served already by the Silicon Saxony cluster, which has been explored in D2.1 and is shown in figure 3.
Figure 3: Market focus Silicon Saxony
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3 Regional SWOT analysis of Rhne-Alpes / France

3.1.
Strengths R&D infrastructure & excellence: Leti, ESC (synchrotron), Nanocharacterization platform; 6500 jobs in research in microelectronics and embedded software Industrial leaders on semiconductor and applications (e.g. ST+ Schneider) Critical mass and concentration of jobs in Rhne- Alpes (1/3 of French jobs of the microelectronics sector) Scientific & technology activities (high number of patents/population) Talents & Education quality & diversified Innovative environment Grenoble is in 5th position in the Forbes ranking on World's 15 Most Inventive Cities (number of patents by inhabitants) High start-up creation rate Complete digital value chain IRT platform 3D/photonics on silicon/ characterisation, part of Frances stimulus package EDA & Chip Design: strong community Policies and tax incentives for R&D at national and regional level.
Overview SWOT
Weaknesses Improve market-based approach versus techno pull International visibility of ecosystem and companies Leverage of private investment for R&D and for business development Growth of SMEs Attract more integrators Attract more fabless companies Not enough application platforms
In technological terms: Not enough equipment manufacturers No manufacturing of masks No power electronics
Technology: FDSOI for CMOS low power & MEMS Imaging: analog design, materials for photon conversion, packaging including optics Silicon Photonics Design: multi-core architecture, mixed signa, asynchronous circuit Critical mass in software 3D integration
Table 3: Overview SWOT Rhne-Alpes (France) Strengths/Weaknesses
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Opportunities Smart specialisation Interclustering at the national level Interclustering at the European & international level R&D potential collaborations Horizon 2020 funding and KETs initiative (strategy micro-and nanoelectronics) National procurement for digital economy Use our start up pool Demonstrators to be launched on a regional level Links with applications (integrators)
Threats Lack of investors in micro- and nanotechnologies Lack of interest for technical studies Dependency on public support Critical size to compete globally Competition from Asia Transport accessibility
Technology: Photonics MEMS, Sensors & systems Large-area electronics LED lighting IC integration in energy efficiency, medical devices, transportation (control and mobility), mobility in consumer devices (e.g. FDSOI, Big data), digital imaging, in traditional industry (production and products)
Table 4: Overview SWOT Rhne-Alpes (France) Opportunities/Threats
Strengths Minalogic operates within a favourable environment. Gold Labelled for cluster management excellence in 2012, the cluster is located in Grenoble, a city ranked by Forbes in July 2013 as the world's fifth most inventive city, and more broadly in the Rhne-Alpes region, one of the biggest French regions, highly dynamic in demographic, economic and innovation terms. The Rhne Alpes region's positive qualities were highlighted in the recently published "Strategy for smart specialisation": 2.8% of its GDP is invested in research (only two other French regions invest more); 2nd at the national level in terms of patents and 10th at the European level according to the European Patent Office data. Furthermore, Grenoble is renowned for the excellence of its research sector which represents 6,500 jobs in microelectronics and embedded software. The CEA-leti (1,500 people, around 250 patents per year, 2 or 3 start-ups created per year) and of around 19 expert academic laboratories linked to micro- and nanoelectronics up to embedded software contribute heavily to the patent production that put Grenoble at number five on the Forbes list. Numerous technological specialisations exist from low power electronics to digital imaging, EDA and chip
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design. They are connected to an excellent R&D infrastructure and to numerous platforms (e.g. IRT/ photonics on silicon/ characterisation/ 3D) Minalogic and the Grenoble ecosystem also benefit from the quality of the local universities and therefore from qualified people who are, in the vast majority, hired locally. The University Joseph Fourier was ranked in the top 150 world universities in the Shanghai Ranking 2012. INP Grenoble ranked first in Material Sciences amongst the French higher education institutions ahead of ENS Paris, Ecole Polytechnique and INSA in Lyon and placed 35th worldwide in this subject area in the QS World University Rankings. The institution is amongst the 200 best universities worldwide in 3 out of 5 other subject areas: Information Technology, Electrical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering. It ranked 94th in engineering and technology. Grenoble also benefits from the presence of key international players along the entire value chain from materials (SOITEC) to the design of chips & the manufacturing of chips and systems (ST Microelectronics, E2V Semiconductors) to applications (Schneider Electric), and from highly innovative start-ups that operate in niche markets (e.g. Isorg, Crocus Technology, DeltaDrone) and contribute to the innovation dynamism of the city. The city also benefits from technology transfer, as described below. Start-up creation is also booming. Minalogic gathers 225 members on its two strategic domains that make it master the entire digital value chain: micro- and nanotechnologies and software. Amongst them, the micro- and nanoelectronics members amount to 36,000 jobs in micro- and nanoelectronics. They represent a critical mass and a high concentration of jobs: 1/3 of the national jobs in the sector are located in Rhne Alpes. Furthermore, a study carried out on ST Microelectronics by Reverdy in 2012, revealed that for every job in microelectronics, at least two more are created indirectly, either within the supply chain, or elsewhere in the local economic environment. Another strength of the cluster is that it contributes tremendously to the long-standing and fruitful local tradition of collaborative R&D between public research organisations and companies. It has certified 233 projects since its creation, for a total R&D budget of 1,791 billion Euro, including 692 Million Euro of public funding (local authorities, national government and European structural funds). The high level of research and development in the area facilitates the creation of new companies, using this new technology in business, this is key in putting the research to the test and in inciting new, creative and innovative uses for the technology developed. In technological terms, Grenoble, within the Rhne Alpes region, is a key player as regards low power electronics (FDSOI) and MEMS; in terms of imagers, and has a critical mass in software. Weaknesses A number of weaknesses or areas in need of improvement have nevertheless been identified at the cluster level. Firstly, Grenoble functions in a techno-pull way. It is a clear focus of Minalogics new strategy for 2013-2018, and of other local partners, to work on improving the market-based approach and to make sure that the result of academic research is
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commercialised but also that research better takes into account the needs of the companies in terms of market shares. Another challenge that is faced locally is connected to the size of SMEs. An important number of Minalogics members are very small (less than 15 employees) and face difficulty in reaching the mid-size level. It is also part of our strategy to help them grow. A third challenge we face is related to attracting more integrators and fabless companies to Rhne-Alpes, these entities could benefit from Grenoble's infrastructure while linking microand nanotechnologies to applications. Another weakness is that it is very difficult for local microelectronics companies to find private investors willing to invest in highly technology-intensive companies. It is one of our priorities to work on leveraging private investment for R&D and business development in our sector. Finally, one can also mention international visibility as one current challenge which we are currently working on. Opportunities A number of opportunities have been identified at cluster level for the coming months and years. First, it is certain that interclustering at the national level with application clusters and at the European level with partnerships such as Silicon Europe will generate opportunities for the cluster and for its members, in terms of R&D collaboration, business, networking and visibility. One ambition of Silicon Europe is to generate project ideas under Horizon 2020. It is also anticipated that smart specialisation will generate new ideas for the R&D infrastructure to push forward together for financing under the structural funds at the regional level. The Rhne Alpes region did not perform well under FP7 and opportunities are there to improve the number of projects and SMEs benefiting from Horizon 2020 funding. It is expected from DG Connect that Silicon Europe partners will make sure the European strategy for microelectronics is known at the regional level and taken into account in the structural funds. Silicon Europe can and should provide input to the European Commission in policy terms, the partner clusters representing the voice of the SMEs. It is also our common ambition to generate new ideas and make sure they are integrated in the work programmes of organisations such as CATRENE or ECSEL. Interclustering at the European level, and specifically Silicon Europe, will allow for identifying partners complementarities and make the most of best practices to overcome the identified weaknesses and threats, including in terms of international visibility. Microelectronics being a Key Enabling Technology, a strong opportunity will exist to come up with ideas for projects in line with Horizon 2020. One opportunity will also be to inject intelligence and microelectronics into traditional industry at the regional, national and European levels. Finally, other identified opportunities relate to public procurement as a means to enable microelectronics to gain new markets and in pushing in favour of demonstrators. A specific working group has been organised at the regional level, uniting stakeholders from the Silicon Europe FP7 RoK GA 320004 Page 23 of 65
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microelectronics as well as from the energy and healthcare sector in order to implement 3 local full scale urban demonstrators in the field of energy efficiency, mobility and transport, as well as organising services and devices for care at home of elderly or disabled persons. In technological terms, the cluster has identified the following topics as sources of opportunities: Photonics MEMS, Sensors & systems IC integration in energy efficiency, medical devices, transportation (control and mobility), mobility in consumer devices (e.g. FDSOI, Big data), digital imaging, in traditional industry (production and products)
Threats Last but not least, our SWOT analysis for Grenoble, Rhne-Alpes highlighted some threats which are linked to the external environment. Amongst them, besides transport accessibility, one can cite the lack of private investment in microelectronics; the dependency of some of the cluster members on public support (investments in microelectronics) and the fact that Grenoble's economy is so concentrated on the semiconductors and their use for microelectronics that the closure or a change of location of these companies would have a detrimental effect on the local economy. This highlights the importance of diversifying the use of the semiconductors, by branching out to using them for ICT, energy and biotechnology, for example.
3.2.
The regional knowledge transfer system might be qualified as fairly well organised, with international recognition in the innovation process as a whole. One very recent ranking by Forbes, which took into account the ratio population/patents, called patent intensity, ranked it among the most effective worldwide. Interestingly enough, Eindhoven ranked first in this ranking, with Grenoble following as closely as N.5. Link of university curriculum to the industry needs As far as microelectronics are concerned, this topic is well addressed in the Grenoble area, both on a technical level, with Grenoble Institut National Polytechnique, and Sciences University Joseph Fourier offering technical curricula, as well as on the innovation level, with the management school Grenoble Ecole de Management addressing the innovation process. Several double curriculum Masters degrees are proposed, combining management or political science with engineering specialties. All in all, 1,200 diplomas in microelectronics are awarded every year through Grenoble INP engineering school and University Joseph Fourier. Grenoble INP is one of the top French engineering schools and one of its schools, PHELMA, is dedicated to micro- and nanotechnologies, and enrols close to 7,000 students in ICT degrees. More than 450 students are enrolled each year in Phelma or in the Nanotech Silicon Europe FP7 RoK GA 320004 Page 24 of 65
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international school, delivering a common degree with Politechnico Torino (Italy) and EPFL in Switzerland, as well as in the Communication Systems Engineering Master Degree designed with the Polytechnico Torino. Local companies are more and more active with regards to adapting the curricula to the industrys needs. Some are represented on the board of the UJF, and Grenoble INP also has a long standing tradition of close links with companies, which take the form of partnerships but also of teaching by companies. International recruiting and focus

50% of Grenoble engineering students go abroad during their studies 10% of students at Phelma are foreigners 20 different nationalities are studying in Grenoble (no more details disponible)
General core curricula Based on a sound scientific base, they guarantee a well thought-out choice of the degree course adapted to the professional context. A diverse choice of specialisations 9 degree courses allow each student to find what best suits them and to develop their professional project among a wide selection of trades in high-technology sectors. Specific Fields addressed: applied physics, materials, electrochemistry, processes, Nanoscience, electronics and information processing, nuclear engineering, component physics, signal, image and sound processing, electronic design, instrumentation and transmission systems Besides addressing the theoretical and practical topics involved in microelectronics, the educational organisations have a decidedly focused hands-on approach with access to industrial type platforms, such as those proposed in the CIME Nanotech. Set up on more than 2,800 m2, the Centre Interuniversitaire de MicroElectronique et Nanotechnologies (Interuniversity Centre of Microelectronics and Nanotechnologies) is a network including 8 platforms: Clean room: 350 m2 dedicated to micro- and nanotechnologies Electric characterisation Nanoworld: for images at nanoscale Design and testing of integrated circuits Communicating objects: Systems On Chip Microwave frequencies and guided optics Biotechnologies Micro-systems and sensors
The connection with industry is very strong, and maintained by 250 outside speakers from the world of industry and research, including:
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170 research lecturers to train the researchers who will meet the challenges of technological innovation. 11 partner labs Partnership agreements with large companies and SMEs, which offer many work placements, final-year projects or jobs, take part in the school's Partnership Day: an annual event when students from the three years meet several dozen companies (stands, conferences, mock interviews, etc.), contribute to teaching and conferences on the different professions within engineering, participates on the school's various boards and committees (Companies assist the way the school is managed, enabling it to adapt its curriculum to developments in the different professions), help with equipment and setting up educational platforms, prepare student engineers for professional integration
A specific international programme in innovation management has been devised in partnership with Grenoble Business School: the MSc in Innovation, Strategy and Entrepreneurship aims at providing a framework and a toolkit for future managers and entrepreneurs to identify, assess and manage business opportunities in either their own companies or in existing organisations. The programme reflects the realities of the global environment and provides general management courses together with highly-specialised modules in the areas of Innovation, Strategy and Entrepreneurship. Knowledge transfer units The region is very well known for its know-how in technology transfer, and its ability to create numerous start-ups out of these technologies. Future organisation Organisation in progress: future organisation pending French government approval
A new comprehensive organisation, the SATT, including 13 partners, among them 8 stakeholders, with a programmed 57 Million Euro capital will be created. Its main objective will be oriented towards start up creation with an objective for 400 companies to be created over the next 10 years. Current organisation Grenoble University: several tech transfer units depending on the field of expertise, with tech transfer and start up creation activities, and most specifically Floralis for University Joseph Fourier Guichet Unique de Valorisation for Grenoble INP with a private subsidiary INPG SA in charge of sales, marketing and services
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Mutualised organisations for research tech transfer: GRAVIT (Grenoble Alpes Valorisation et Innovation Technologique) for accompanying labs in their process of technological transfer towards industry (licensing, spin offs, partnerships etc.) GRAIN - Grenoble Alpes Innovation et Incubation, for start-up incubation PTALE - Ppinire Technologie Alpine d'Entreprises, for helping newly born start-ups in their development
CEA TECH Specific tech transfer offer deployed by CEA in France, positioned between levels 3 & 7 on the TRL (Technology Readiness Level) scale
Activities common to the different organisations: Research programmes Licenses Spin-offs, start-ups Incubators Science parks Venture management Seed money VCs Partnerships Clustering
Industry lectureships at universities/research institutes At the Minatec campus: 250 outside speakers from the world of industry and research at PHELMA ENGINEERING SCHOOL Midis Minatec: every week an industrial, research or institutional leader presents a topic broadly related to the Minatec campus in 1/2h slot, with free access to all nearby stakeholders (students, researchers, companies, institutions)
At University Joseph Fourier and the University campus: The Keynotes international researchers invited to share their vision, particularly in computer science Citizenship initiatives, organised partly by university Joseph Fourier, offer as well the opportunity to share scientific or technical matters with local citizens, such as Caf des sciences. The annual national event Fte de la science in October, is also a broad opportunity for scientists from the local industrial or the research labs to showcase their most innovative products and solutions to the population. Page 27 of 65
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3.3.
Diagnosis of the state of innovation: To prepare the Regional Innovation Strategy, an extensive diagnosis of the state of innovation in Rhne-Alpes has been made. Some weaknesses have been underlined, such as low funding capacities and low performances on EU projects, pointing to the necessity to fully integrate the Europe 2020 priorities into the Regional Innovation Strategy. However, the diagnosis also highlights Rhne-Alpess strengths, such as its diversified economic environment, its many funding programmes to promote innovation and its tradition of social dialogue. These features account for its good level of investment in research, the high number of businesses created and the very strong performance on collaborative R&D. In particular, the role of Clusters and Competitiveness Clusters has to be stressed as one of Rhne-Alpes main attributes. Competitiveness Clusters are part of Frances national economic policy since 2005 while Clusters have been created by Rhne-Alpess regional authority as early as 2004 to foster regional economic development. This policy has been successful as some of the Competitiveness Clusters, such as Lyon Biopole (specialising in infectious diseases and vaccines), Minalogic (nanotechnology) or Axelera (chemistry), have since acquired an international dimension. Rhne-Alpess goal in creating Clusters is to connect all groups of players and to cover all factors in business performance while organising cross-fertilisation between different disciplinary fields. The development of clusters allows the region to focus on small and medium sized companies growth and to enhance the economic attractiveness of Rhne-Alpes These elements are the basis for the regional strategy for 2011-2015, which seeks to foster balanced regional economic development by promoting innovation, international attractiveness and territorial solidarity, entrepreneurship and industries support and development. Objectives of the Regional Innovation Strategy & Smart Specialisation (RIS3): The Regional Innovation Strategy has three objectives. The first is to improve efficiency of the regional innovation environment. The region will help technological innovation by enabling cross-disciplinary approaches and transfer of KETs (Key Enable Technologies), promoting entrepreneurship and innovation and supporting SMEs and mid-sized businesses' growth. Finally, the region will improve its support for European projects linked to the Horizon 2020 Strategy. The second objective is to discover and explore new innovation areas and provide solutions to societal challenges. This objective will be achieved by promoting user driven innovation and territorial experimentation to meet the needs of the market and giving a greater role to innovation in public procurement. Social innovation, which aims to develop social entrepreneurship and environmental transition of economy, will also play a major role.
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D2.2 The third objective is to focus on smart specialisation topics: 7 domains, defined by a combined analysis of societal challenges, KETs and markets, that are most likely to create growth: personalised healthcare for infectious and chronic diseases; an eco-efficient factory; smart grids and energy storage; smart building with high energy-efficiency; digital technologies and user-friendly systems; mobility systems of the future; sports, safety and infrastructures in the Alps.
Figure 4: Rhone-Alpes priorities and S3 Domains
Especially 3 out of the 7 strategic domains are more linked to Minalogic, as a co-leader: Smart grids and energy storage, in collaboration with Tenerrdis (cluster for renewable energies) Smart building with high energy-efficiency, in collaboration with Tenerrdis (cluster for renewable energies) Digital technologies and user-friendly systems, in collaboration with Imaginove (cluster for imaging), connected in particular to health and ageing issues
The fact that microelectronics is considered as an important KET in the Rhone Alpes Smart specialisation strategy certainly represents a strong opportunity for the cluster. The strategy highlights in particular the following points: the new developments on this KET are related to:
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More Moore: continue the technological progress (next CMOS generation) and miniaturise below 20nm nodes More than Moore: new functions such as Systems on a Chip (SoC), System in Package (SiP).
Rhne-Alpes ranks 4th at the European level with regards to patents on this KET, behind Bayern, Baden-Wrttemberg and the Ile de France region. The main sources of patents locally are CEA, STMicroelectronics, Soitec, CNRS, Alcatel and E2V Semi-conducteur.
3.4.
Since 2005, the cluster policy has been an overall strategy to boost innovation and entrepreneurship, by connecting all groups of players: research, technology, higher education, training and economic development to create partnerships and networking. Other partners may be brought in, such as public authorities, either local or national, as well as firms providing business services. The goal of competitiveness clusters is to build on synergies and spur innovative, collaborative projects in order to give partner firms the chance to become first in their fields, both in France and abroad. The clusters have the responsibility to certify collaborative projects emanating from research labs and industry (SMEs and large groups) which can then apply for public funding (national and local). The main programme dedicated to the funding of R&D collaborative projects between the members of clusters (laboratories, SMEs and large companies) is an interministerial fund called FUI (Fonds unique interministriel). The projects are co-funded by the state and up to 40% by the local authorities. In some cases the ERDF is also directed to this programme for co-funding purposes. Competiveness clusters are linked by a performance contract with the state and local authorities, defining their overall strategy and objectives. They are evaluated on a 6 year-basis. Minalogic was evaluated as an "excellent performer" in 2012, one of the top 5 at the national level, which is clearly a strength. The cluster policy at local level is well-developed and clearly represents another strength. Indeed, national statistics of the DGCIS show that Minalogic ranked first among all of the regional clusters in terms of public funding from national sources (FUI), local authorities and European sources (mainly FEDER) received by the collaborative projects it certified. (Source: p27 smart specialisation strategy of Rhne-Alpes Region). Furthermore, Rhne-Alps is renowned for its cluster policy, as it is the first French region to have created clusters in 2004. It currently invests over 15 million Euro per year in total in cluster policies and collaborative projects (FUI). As a result, regional projects at FUI calls for proposals represented up to 50% of national projects. Even if there is no policy exclusively dedicated to micro- and nanoelectronics, overall the region invested over 90 million Euro in the sector from 2006 to 2012, which represents around 30% of its total innovation spending (big projects, cluster policy, technological platforms). Micro- and nanoelectronics are considered by the European Commission to be Key Enabling Technologies for the development of goods and services. KETs are regarded as crucial for ensuring the future competitiveness of European industries in the knowledge economy. The aim of Minalogic is also to create a global business ecosystem in the field of smart miniaturised Silicon Europe FP7 RoK GA 320004 Page 30 of 65
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solutions based on leadership in research and innovation and on the leading role of major groups supporting the growth of SMEs. Focusing on micro- and nanotechnology and software, Minalogic has been one of the first international scale clusters to develop expertise in three strategic application markets central to today's societal challenges: health (eHealth/MedTech); energy and environment; and connectivity and mobility, where microelectronics and software have become essential in the race for performance and energy efficiency. Based on leadership in research and innovation, Minalogic has become a potent pool of technology, in which global companies can integrate innovative technologies, developing new, ground-breaking products and solutions. The major companies that have already tapped into this pool of technologies include e.g. Schneider Electric, STMicroelectronics, HP, Orange or Samsung. As France's leading cluster in smart miniaturised solutions, Minalogic aims to achieve recognition as one of the world's top clusters in the field of integrated circuits, miniaturised devices, software and intelligent systems. By 2018, as highlighted in its recently adopted 2013-2018 strategic roadmap, Minalogic's ambition is to bring together all integrative industries around smart solutions, in order to create innovative and competitive products. Minalogic has recently set up new initiatives that can already be considered as best practices and opportunities: Easytech
A new programme was also recently created (called Easytech) with the objective to support industrial technology transfer. Its main beneficiaries will be SMEs coming from traditional industry. It will allow them to expand the range of products they offer to include innovative technological bricks and accelerate their development. Again Minalogic assists SMEs in designing successful projects and get public subsidies. A committee offers strategic coaching during the process and accredits the best projects. Support to demonstrators
A specific working group has been organised at the regional level, uniting stakeholders from the microelectronics as well as from the energy and healthcare sector in order to implement 3 local full scale urban demonstrators in the field of energy efficiency, mobility and transport, as well as organising services and devices for care at home of elderly or disabled persons. Minalogic is a key actor of this initiative.
3.5.
In France the framework for the promotion of innovation is based on a transversal approach between different ministries such as the Ministry for Economy and Finance, the Ministry for Industry and the Ministry for Higher Education and Research. Different instruments and
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structures exist at the national level. Local and regional authorities mainly leverage national policies, but are also often at the forefront for introducing new policies and placing them as top priorities for innovation. Rhne-Alpes is among the best performing French regions in terms of innovation and economic development. Some statistics previously mentioned confirm this: 2.8% of its GDP is invested in research (ranked 3rd in France); 2nd at the national level in terms of patents, and 10th at the European level according to European patent Office data. It is also good in terms of economic development (see separate question) and the unemployment rate is lower than the French average. Its recently adopted regional innovation and smart specialisation strategy will represent an opportunity for the cluster, as the region intends to deploy over the period 2014-2020 an action plan structured in four parts for which instruments and funding will be made available: Technological innovation, technology transfer and KETs Support for innovative start up creation Growth of very small companies, SMEs and medium size companies Focus on Horizon 2020 and support for European projects definition
The City of Grenoble, along with other local authorities, including the Mtro, strives to support the synergy between business, research institutes and universities which is the key to the city's economic development. Grenoble's Presqu'ile district, currently covering 250 hectares, with 300 housing units and where 3,000 students study and 15,000 people work, is being transformed to house a worldclass innovation campus - GIANT, 25,000 employees, 10,000 students and 1,800 housing units. Grenoble is home to several large international companies, such as HP, Caterpillar and STMicroelectronics, drawn to Grenoble because of its impressive infrastructure and reputation for innovation. Over 500 of the companies based in Grenoble are foreign-owned. The City of Grenoble directly supports clusters, such as Minalogic, companies, particularly start-ups and SMEs, and research and development projects, via the clusters. The City's support is both financial and practical, in terms of providing the necessary infrastructure, for example office space. The City currently provides a space of 12,000m2 (CEMOI) for the use of start-up companies such as Delta Drone, BH Technologies and H2AD. Grenoble also supports the incubators, GRAIN and PETALE, which exist to help start-ups get off the ground by providing practical training, legal advice and opportunities to create partnerships. The City is implicated in national programmes supporting projects such as Plan Campus and CPER. Furthermore, Grenoble's actions in terms of economic development are carried out in respect of the European Union's goals for Europe 2020, focusing on cutting unemployment rates and, notably, with the upmost respect for the environment. The development projects in Grenoble make use of the wealth of scientific knowledge present in the City, engaging researchers, scientists and students to collaborate in creating new Silicon Europe FP7 RoK GA 320004 Page 32 of 65
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innovative ways to save energy and to reduce pollution. The Presqu'ile project is designed to render the area carbon neutral. Finally many current major initiatives demonstrate the high economic development potential at local level: Nano 2017
In July, Jean-Marc Ayrault, Frances Prime Minister announced the states commitment of 600 Euro million - to which 100 Euro million should be added by local communities - in the Nano2017 project. This 3.5 Euro billion research and industrial development program involves primarily STMicroelectronics, CEA-Leti and their local partners, and aims to achieve, by 2017, a new technological breakthrough in the control and dissemination of nanoelectronics applications. As ubiquitous and widely enabling key technologies, nanoelectronics are at the heart of all major societal challenges and the subject of intense competition between the five major global micro- and nano high tech ecosystems including Crolles-Grenoble. Today, STMicroelectronics and CEA-Lti have unique skills in the world in FDSOI production technologies, which is a key advantage for the most advanced digital and mobile applications. Nano2017 should leverage Grenoble-Iseres leadership in this strategic technology sector, an investment in line with European Unions 10/100/20 initiative.11 GIANT
In Grenoble, at the heart of the French Alps, the GIANT partnership is forging dynamic new links between research and industry to foster the technological breakthroughs of the future. It will gather 30,000 Men and Women with unique talents and first-class facilities, joining forces to build a world-class campus. The aim of the GIANT project is to respond to major challenges confronting our society today, such as: Communication technologies Renewenable energies and environmental problems Bioscience and healthcare
GIANT hosts highly innovative institutions under a single banner: From the academic world - Grenoble Ecole de Management (Grenoble EM), Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP) and the University Joseph Fourier (UJF) Major French research institutions - CEA and CNRS
In reference to the European Union programm es goals of generating 10 Billion Euros public/private funding for R&D, 100 Billion Euros investment for manufacturing, and 20% share of global chip production market by 2020.
11
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Leading European laboratories - the ESRF light source, the ILL neutron source and the EMBL for molecular biology
A funding of 1.3 billion Euro will be invested between 2010 and 2015, including 700 million Euro on scientific research and 600 Euro million on transport, accommodation and quality of life; 4.1 billion Euro are expected in terms of direct and indirect annual economic impact.
3.6.
The European Commission launched in May 2013 a campaign for coordinated public investments in micro- and nanoelectronics (such as semiconductors and computer chips), designed to expand Europe's advanced manufacturing base. The European electronics sector underpins Europe's wider industrial competitiveness because it is a Key Enabling Technology for other sectors, from energy to automotive to health. A growing electronics sector is essential for growth and jobs in Europe. Key elements of this industrial strategy include 1. Higher and more coordinated investments in R&D&I - maximising the impact of EU and Member State investments through greater cross-border collaboration (70% of public investment is expected to come from Member States, 30% from EU). 2. Reinforcing Europe's three world-class electronics clusters: Dresden (DE), Eindhoven (NL) /Leuven (BE), and Grenoble (FR) and connecting with other leading edge European clusters such as in Cambridge (UK), Carinthia (AT), Dublin (IRL) and Milan (IT). 3. The strategy will focus on three complementary lines: making chips cheaper (transitioning to 450mm-sized silicon wafers, the raw material for the chips), making chips faster ("More Moore") and making chips smarter ("More than Moore"). 4. Mobilising 10 billion Euro of private, regional, national and EU funds, behind a common set of research and innovation goals, including 5 billion Euro through a joint PublicPrivate Partnership. This seven-year partnership is designed to cover the whole value and innovation chain in the electronics sector, including funding large-scale innovation projects, under the EU's Horizon 2020 research programme. Neelie Kroes aims at doubling the EU chip production to around 20% of global production. All these elements represent strong opportunities for Silicon Europe partners. Horizon 2020 and the forthcoming FEDER programming will also create opportunities for Silicon Europe partners to come up with new R&D project proposals and to bring them closer to the market. At this stage the European market is still too fragmented, without any level-playing field, and SMEs are not enough well represented in Horizon 2020 projects, two dimensions that the clusters will be vigilant about.
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D2.2 Outside of Europe, the growing competition from Asia and the US in terms of chips production represent both an opportunity for partnerships and a threat.
3.7.
Technological view
Amongst the key strengths of the ecosystem (both research organisations and companies) in technological terms, we can highlight the following ones: A strong weight in full time equivalent of our 5 IDMs - and mainly of STMicroelectronics, one of the top 10 at world level -, which position the ecosystem as excellent in terms of component manufacturing A strength in design (which is also masterised by our IDMs by definition): multi-core architecture, mixed signal , asynchronous circuit The importance of the companies active in systems , both in terms of number of companies and full time equivalent. There it is worth noting the ecosystems expertise in application software and embedded software. It is also important to note that our internal analysis demonstrated why Grenoble valley is recognized as the imaging valley for the design and component manufacturing in digital imaging (CMOS components and sensors, system integration in modules, analog design, materials for photon conversion, packaging including optics) with the presence of world best companies (e.g. Trixell, Ulis, Sofradir, E2V, STmicroelectronics, Pyxalis or Isorg) and a generated cumulated revenue of 1 billion Euro. Fully Depleted Silicon On Insulator, or FD-SOI. FD-SOI is a planar process technology introducted by ST, CEA, Soitec and partners that delivers the benefits of reduced silicon geometries while enabling a simplification of the manufacturing process (CMOS low power) 3D integration and TSV, a critical issue as device designers and manufacturers increasingly cross into the third dimension due to the industrys continuing pursuit of building more functionality into ever-shrinking silicon real estate. MEMS historical competence with IDMs Tronics, leti, ST Silicon Photonics very active with ST
Identified sources of opportunities are linked to the following emerging technologies: LED lighting with SMEs such as Aledia which develops and manufactures innovative light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on a unique 3D architecture using gallium-nitride (GaN)-on-silicon microwires Large area electronics with companies such as ISORG which is a pioneering company in Organic and Printed Electronics devices for large-area photonics and image sensors with a technology revolutionizing the industry. Sensors for health and biology Link between hard and soft (the other strategic activity domain of Minalogic) Finally a strong opportunity for the cluster and is to maintain and develop a strong link with applications (e.g. automotive, health) including through interclustering at
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national and international levels to understand their technological needs and the constraints linked to their markets Identified weaknesses are related to the following technologies: There are very few equipment manufacturers in the ecosystem members of Minalogic Power electronics is not developed No manufacturing of masks
Finally some threats could be linked to the following aspects: Stronger competition from Asia and the US Develop the links between technology and applications (e.g. attract new integrators) Maintain the capacity to invest in manufacturing and production
To link the technological view with the semiconductor value chain the results from D2.1 overview on RTD offers and demands were combined with the SWOT analysis data. The result - a qualitative assessment for the whole ecosystem of Rhone Alpes region - is shown in figure 5. The size and colour of the bubbles indicates in which areas Rhone Alpes region has particular high competences compared to the other regions. These are the fields: design, fabs and systems (bigger bubbles with red colour).
Figure 5: Value chain Minalogic
The technological view has a strong interaction with the identified future markets: smart grids and energy storage, smart building, digital technologies and user-friendly systems, health and ageing issues as described inside the regional smart specialisation strategies (chapter 3.3). Several of those markets will be served already by the Grenoble cluster, which has been explored in D2.1 and is shown in figure 6.
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Figure 6: Market focus Minalogic
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4. Regional SWOT analysis of Flanders / Belgium

4.1.
Overview SWOT
Weaknesses Wide valley-of-death between research and industrial activities Weak link between internationally oriented research and regional industrial needs Lack of important foundry activity Small production basis Large number of smaller companies and only few important players. Average number of employees is around 100 Technological potential not fully exploited
Strengths World leader in broad interdisciplinary research for micro- and nanoelectronics. Accounts for 48% of employment RTD platform for 300mm available and 450mm ready Wide value chain from basic R&D to system integration, covering a large range of activities in micro- and nanoelectronics Innovation ecosystem build around imec and KULeuven World-level education and training offer High potential in design with highly skilled professionals Most niche markets covered, but only niche markets Low-threshold access services to advanced technologies Smallest region but with important cross-border activities Opportunities Wide support for start-ups and spin-offs from universities, government and VCs Strong Increase in employment in R&D in order to cover the needs for innovative development R&D activities will further grow due to the internationalization of research and development Growing interests in highly integrated smart systems in Energy, Health and Mobility Increased opportunities thanks to the diversification in More than Moore rather than More Moore Strong involvement of KET pilot lines provides accessible future technology nodes Governmental support fostering KETs and clusters Cross-cutting KETs will support niche players
Threats Size matters. Big players ready to take market when volumes and revenues become important No activity on equipment builders and related Cost of headcount means high cost of research Lack of industry scale VCs Regulatory framework is becoming world-wide with less leverage from Europe and even less from Flanders For smart systems the development effort shifts away from HW to SW. In DSP Valley there are more jobs in SW development than in HW development Students are more interested in a curriculum in SW development than in HW development
Table 5: Overview SWOT Flanders (Belgium)
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The DSP Valley cluster is characterised by an important offering of technological research and development. Almost half of the available resources are spent in research in institutes and universities. The micro- and nanoelectronics lab imec is an important player on world scale. We see also a large gap in bringing these technologies to the market. Important potential is available in microelectronics and embedded system design and development, but this is not fully exploited by the application-end of the value chain. An important number of system integrators are active in niche markets and are ranking well on world-scale. But whenever their products converge to a commodity item with important volumes and revenues, that support further growth, the competition with the far-east is becoming fierce resulting in a complete loss of the markets. Innovation is therefore key, and smart specialisation is the best strategy. Collaboration with other clusters has led to cross- fertilization and created important opportunities in the field of health, communications, vision, building, mobility and energy. Extending the horizon in terms of geographical areas and technological developments will create synergies to the benefit of all involved clusters and strengthen their role and impact on world-scale.
4.2.
Research is one of the basic strengths of DSP Valley. This is supported by an advanced educational system with universities and high-schools. The university curriculum is built around a number of modules and a system with credit points. The student is responsible to select the modules he thinks are convenient to build an industrial career. There is no mechanism put in place to link the industrial needs with the modules offered. Nevertheless, in engineering, tight links with industry are fostered with: Academic personnel with industrial background or experience. Collaboration in research projects between industry and academia. Industry sponsoring hands-on experiments. Internships in industry as part of the curriculum. The funding authorities always require an industrial finality in research projects. A complete curriculum is thought in English, creating an international potential for recruitment. Most universities and institutes have a technology transfer center or unit. This applies more in particular for: KUleuven: Leuven Research and Development: LRD Imec: RUG Unversity Gent: Technology Transfer Office: TTO. VUB University Brussels: Technology Transfer Interface: TTI Thomas More: More Innovation and Research: MIR UHasselt: Technology Transfer Office: TTO
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Their activities mainly exists in the legal management of contract research and the IP rights, patent and licenses. An important activity is also the support for spin-offs and start-ups. This includes consulting on venture management, participation with seed money and partnerships. They are often involved in the management of incubators and science parks. These centres do not take the role of venture capitalists or site developers. Every university organizes courses thought by non-academic lecturers. These can take the format of regular courses, distinguished lecture programme, workshop or seminars. Most wellknown are the seminars from imec academy and from Leuven Center for Information and Communication Technology (LICT).
4.3.
Smart specialisations are developed at the crossroads of the different enabling technologies.
Nanotechnologies for Health
DSP Valley
Smart Health Systems Bio-silicon & Medical Devices BAN & Remote Monitoring
Cluster Governance for NfH
Flanders BIO
Medical Imaging
Bio-instrumentation
Biomaterials
Biotech
Biopharma
Fabless Semiconductor & Embedded Systems Design & Development Community
Nano-electronics Technology Platforms imec R&D Platforms NERF
Life Sciences Technology Platforms
VIB
Clinical Testing & Translational Research UZ GHB
Figure 7: Nanotechnologies for health as smart specialisation. This is an existing smart specialisation in Flanders on the cross point of the nanotechnology and the technology for health
In the DSP Valley cluster the smart specialisation is approached in Special Interest Groups. Following SIGs have been created by DSP Valley based upon the common interests of a group of members and all based on the micro- and nanotechnology or embedded systems as Key Enabling Technology: Smart Wireless: at the intersection with wireless communication systems Smart Vision: at the intersection with visualization techniques and applications Page 40 of 65
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Smart Health: at the intersection with biotechnology Smart Home: at the intersection with construction technology Smart Vehicle: at the intersection with mobility technology Smart Semicon: still under definition but most likely related to energy
These Smart specialisations are promoted by the DSP Valley cluster and are rather successful due to the coverage of the wide value chain, from research and development till implementation. Success of a smart specialisation is very much dependent on the strategy adopted by the cluster concerning inter-cluster collaboration. Not all clusters are willing put priority on inter-cluster collaboration and often is perceived as competition. From a policy point of view, the smart specialisation is part of the New Industrial Policy implemented by the Flanders Enterprise Agency and developed by the Flemish government in the framework of its Future Strategy Flanders in Action (VIA). This overall action plan includes the launch of a new smart specialisation policy based on spear point clusters. This policy has been adopted in March 2013 and will be implemented in phased approach which includes the selection of the clusters with highest potential and added value, the establishment of their roadmaps and the later implementation. The modalities and the tools for implementation have to be decided later on, but will probably be based on longer term agreements. The concept note A smart specialisation strategy for a focused cluster policy VR 2013 0803 DOC.0195/2 has been published on 8 March 2013. Also the internationalization is an important aspect of this strategy and collaboration in the JTIs and PPPs is considered key to the success of the strategy. DSP Valley is a recognized spear point cluster and as such is involved in elaborating the future actions and modalities for the implementation of the Smart Specialisation Strategy for Flanders. In this context it is important to mention that DSP Valley is involved in the assessment of the spear head clusters and in the establishment of the KET roadmap for micro- and nanoelectronics. On European level the smart specialisation is driven by the Research and Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialisation (RIS3) Cohesion Policy 2014-2020, that requires a regional RIS3 strategy as an ex-ante condition for support. See COM 615 (2011) of 6 October 2011. Further European policies are explained in the last chapter under Horizon 2020, KETs and the 10/100/20 initiative.
4.4.
Already back in 2001 the Flemish Ministry of Economy, Science and Innovation took as priority number 1 to support the clusters as an important instrument for innovation to create competitive business and employment. The most important instrument that was put in place was the support in terms of funding for Flemish Cooperative Innovation Networks (VIS). This is aimed at organizations that support and promote active clustering of companies and research institutes in an industrial sector. These can be ad hoc associations or established clusters. The projects are semi-structural over maximum 6 years and with a limited amount of manpower of 1 or 2 FTEs per year.
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4.5.
In Flanders, micro- and nanoelectronics is considered a strategic important key enabling technology. This resulted in the funding of imec as a strategic research centre. Also in the strategy of the NIB (New Industrial Policy) the road map for micro- and nanoelectronics is established as one of the key enabling technologies to achieve the ambitious goals the for the sustainable growth and employment to fulfil the economical and societal challenges in Flanders.
4.6.
There are several European initiatives form different programmes that support clusters. These include the ETC programmes from the cohesion policy, The Regions of Knowledge from the FP7 programme and the CIP. DSP Valley is participating in programmes form the cohesion policy and the regions of knowledge. Internationalization as a tool to improve the competitiveness and increase the impact are in line with the objectives of the EU.
4.7.
Technological view
Micro- and nanoelectronics research World leader in broad interdisciplinary research for micro- and nanoelectronics. All R&D activities account for 48% of the employment in the DSP Valley cluster. The most important contributor is imec, a research institute with over 2,000 researchers and world-wide recognized for its advanced research in More Moore and More than Moore. Its research facilities are fully 300mm equipped and ready to migrate to 450mm. Important research in the field of micro- and nanoelectronics is also performed by KULeuven, Ugent (optics) and VUB (systems).
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Micro- and nanoelectronics design High-potential in design with highly skilled potentials in mixed signal and digital design, fab-lite and fabless. NXP, EASICS, AnSem, ICSense, MinDCet, Barco, BleuIce, OnSemi, Xenics, Target, Lysitech, IntoPIX, Dialog. World class system integrators with embedded micro- and nanoelectronics as Key Enabling Technology In test equipment, visualization and conferencing, communications, localization, health and space. Agilent, Barco, Dekimo, Newtec, Televic, Verhaert. Strong activities on Smart Systems as the focus for Smart Specialisation.
These include special interest groups and related activities on the crossroads of micro- and nanoelectronics and health, vision, wireless communications, mobility, home and energy. To link the technological view with the semiconductor value chain the results from D2.1 overview on RTD offers and demands were combined with the SWOT analysis data. The result - a qualitative assessment for the whole ecosystem of Flanders region - is shown in figure 8. The size and colour of the bubbles indicates in which areas DSP Valley has particular high competences compared to the other regions. These are the fields: systems and design (bigger bubbles with red colour).
Figure 8: Value chain DSP Valley
The technological view has a strong interaction with the identified future markets: smart wireless, smart vision, smart health, smart home, smart vehicle and smart semicon as described inside the regional smart specialisation strategies (chapter 4.3). Several of those markets will be served already by the DSP Valley cluster, which has been explored in D2.1 and is shown in figure 9.
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Figure 9: Market focus DSP Valley
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5. Regional SWOT analysis of South and East Netherlands

5.1. Overview SWOT
Strengths Coverage, in the Netherlands, of the full value chain in a very tight Ecosystem for micro- and nanoelectronic components, (MNE)-systems and production tools (80% NL content in products). In Europe we are well embedded in ecosystems as e.g. for Automotive, Security, Energy etc. Export driven by nature Very strong sense of collaboration (national/cross border/European) Strong interaction between industry and knowledge institutes via national roadmaps Traditional multidisciplinary approach Very complex systems in a flexible market approach Strong position in semiconductor production process technology to support OEMs Strong academic base available for (industrial) innovation Strong knowledge and market position in and focus on niche technologies/markets like Photonics, RF, MEMS, Power, Microfluidics (bio/Sensors) Dominance of B2B for MNE-based applications Weaknesses Very small home market Valorisation of academic knowledge The financial instruments and governmental attitude supporting Research, Development and Innovation The impact of SMEs (including startups) in the policy making, in a sound balance with the LEs, is weak Too large dependency 1st / 2nd / 3rd Tier high-tech supply chain on too few OEMs Low spin-out count/ambition as well as the limited growth of spin-offs into large companies Failing energy policy
Table 6: Overview SWOT South and East Netherlands Strengths/Weaknesses
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Opportunities Leave mass volume for consumer and memories alike to Asia and concentrate on high value added products; the innovative differentiators More than Moore: Development & Production of More than Moore products. Low volume - high mix: Agile manufacturing (including digital additive manufacturing) close to end-user (local on-demand production) Establish an independent Industrial Development & Production Infrastructure for Advanced ICs MEMS and sensors to support prototyping and high mix / medium volume production supporting in particular SMEs Semiconductor process-equipment for new processes including scaling for 450mm (over the complete production chain) for cost effectiveness KET-pilot-lines and pilot projects Most important markets: Health, Automotive, Mobility, Agro & food, Energy and Security Combine system know how and crosstechnology development to access new market opportunities (smart clothes , smart mobility, smart energy, smart buildings as existing examples)
Threats Non-uniformity of the national policies on industry and innovation in Europe. Too much focus on short term R&D In Europe, including the Netherlands, the attention to fundamental innovation may not weaken, in particular regarding the tendency of some large multinational companies to move to other regions in the world for high tech and fundamental innovation Although improving the interest in technology studies and careers (human capital) is too low National innovation programmes do not fully support collaborative R&D Leaning on the European glory of the past Growing innovation capability in Asia Asia is increasingly buying technology positions in the Netherlands General lack of sense of urgency for energy efficiency in case economic benefits are not clearly visible Critical (natural) resources in China and Japan asking for the existing mitigation efforts to be enforced
Table 7: Overview SWOT South and East Netherlands Opportunities/Threats
In summary the SWOT for the South and East Netherlands is as follows. Strengths A tightly organised/orchestrated ecosystem for both components and systems and production tools covering the full value chain including many European partners. Weaknesses Improvement can be found for components and systems in more international visibility, in particular for the SMEs actors to cope with the small home market.
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In general, increasing the impact of the SMEs in the overall policy making in a sound balance with the LE-impact, would create an even better position of the SMEs, and especially high tech start-ups, in the European semiconductor landscape. Opportunities Opportunities are found in further exploitation of the (grand challenge) markets and in reducing costs (450mm) as well as increasing complexity (More than Moore). The unique and well established and interdependent network of suppliers and knowledge institutes is the sound basis for the high tech innovation capability. To further strengthen of this innovative landscape, new SME positions with LE-potential, based around MNE-systems and production tools, can be created by spin-outs and/or cooperations with larger high tech companies and/or knowledge institutes, both on a regional as on an European level. Open innovation will be the key discriminating factor and the future regional high-tech competitiveness will more or less be determined by how well these innovation networks are established. Threats Threats are mainly found in non-uniformity, throughout Europe, of the national industrial and innovation policies. A further and direct threat to all companies in the sector is the future availability (shortage) of technical workforce resulting from a declining interest in technical studies.
5.2.
In particular the regional roadmaps/ambitions are strongly nourished by the unique regional ecosystem in terms of industry type and activity type. The curricula of the technical universities are specifically tuned to these regional ambitions. For instance, nanotechnology in Enschede and nanoelectronics, automotive and high tech equipment technology in Eindhoven. This ensures that the university activities can be linked easily to the industrial needs and where the institutes for applied research (like TNO or ECN for instance) come in to transform the academic long-term horizon into the short-term industrial needs. In the support of business creation all universities and institutes conduct activities to facilitate the transfer of the created knowledge into business value through the creation of spin-off companies. Such activities focus in particular on the preparation of the new business to continue outside the academic walls by, for instance, attracting investors. A classic example is found within the University of Twente together with the institute for nanotechnology (MESA+) who developed commercialization as sort of university curriculum and succeeded in this way to create over 50 start-ups with high survival rate. However the lack of continuity of support to the young spin-offs, after they become independent from the academic institutions, can be seen as one of the sources of limited grow into large enterprises. The European and Dutch semiconductor industry is largely knowledge driven and care must be taken that this knowledge is not diffusing away to the Asian continent. On the other hand Silicon Europe FP7 RoK GA 320004 Page 47 of 65
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creative use of our knowledge could be a considerable lever in application of worldwide existing knowledge. An example of a good interaction between the industry and the academic world is found in a growing number of (part-time) academic lectureships carried out by leading industrial experts / professionals, although the combination of two challenging tasks is not always easy. Another positive development regarding the human capital challenges is the growing number of companies that provide internships to students in their final phase of their study. In this way useful developments for the industry are carried out on an academic level and the schools get first-hand information on the needs of the industry to shape their curricula. Moreover, students get used to the industrial way of working. This will strongly support them in finding a position in the industry after finishing their studies. These examples of good practices show how to retain the human capital talents for the technical fields and for the industry. Much more is yet to be done in order to fulfil the long-term need for highly educated and highly technical work force.
5.3.
Smart Specialisation is already in practice in the Netherlands for a considerable period of time with as main characteristic that the Smart Specialisation foci are determined by the industry supported by the knowledge institutes rather than through a top-down policy assignment. In this way a strong regional as well as industrial support is guaranteed automatically. On national level this is reflected in the Top Sector Policy where 9 top sectors are recognised of which High Tech including components and circuits, mechatronics and manufacturing and embedded systems is the relevant Figure 10: Smart Specialisation HTNL one for the Silicon Europe project. In the regional smart specialization strategies elements of the national plan, best fitting to the specific region, are addressed. An early example is the creation by Philips of the High Tech Campus in Eindhoven in 1998 to concentrate her RD&I activities. In 2003 the High Tech Campus opened her doors to other companies and institutes resulting in massive growth. In 2012 the exploitation of the High Tech Campus was brought to the private sector. In response to the demand of the EC to establish regional Smart Specialisation plans, both the South of the Netherlands and the East have drafted such plans:
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For the South of the Netherlands, the Smart Specialisation foci are: High tech Systems and materials (HTSM) High Tech machinery (including semiconductor production equipment) Solar technology Automotive
Chemistry Agro and food
These foci are already supported and will be further supported through initiatives as the High Tech Campus, the Automotive Campus, dedicated education curricula at the university etc. For the East of the Netherlands the foci are on: High Tech Systems and Materials (HTSM): Health Agro and Food Semiconductor components and systems Semiconductor production tools Manufacturing
Environmental and energy technology (Cleantech)
Support to these foci is being strengthened through initiatives as the establishment of the Novio Tech Campus (NTC), the creation of the Advanced Packaging Centre (APC) for semi conductor packaging and the support to the creation of the Business Cluster Semiconductors (BCS-NL). Further opportunities for the semiconductor industry are opened up through the Food Valley and Health Valley initiatives, where micro- and nanoelectronics will be playing an increasing role to the benefit of the semiconductors industry.
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5.4.
In 2006 the Point-One association (renamed as High Tech NL in 2013) was established to steer the content of the government support, via the national innovation programme Point-One for RD&I in the areas of complex high tech systems, nanotechnology and embedded systems as well as on further building the ecosystem. The main tasks of the Point-One association could be summarized as: Roadmapping (jointly industry and academia) Structuring and distribution of the financial means from the government Supporting EU-projects (in particular CATRENE, ITEA, ENIAC and ARTEMIS) Execution of projects to strengthen the ecosystem
Within the framework of Point-One (2006-2012) more than 120 projects were executed with a project value of several hundreds of million Euros. In 2012 the Dutch governmental policies regarding support of RD&I changed significantly and next to a full support of the European programmes ARTEMIS, ENIAC, CATRENE, ITEA and EUROSTARS, the financial instruments were mainly reduced to tax-measures transferring more responsibility to the regional authorities. Consequently, the innovation programme PointOne was terminated. This change also influenced the role of the Point One association, which is made visible in the new name High Tech NL. During 2013 High Tech NL will refocus on the new situation as cluster organization. Main focus will include at least: Human capital Innovation, also in a European context.
Where High Tech NL, as cluster organization, covers a broad scope of the High Tech related industries and knowledge institutes covering High Tech equipment, nanotechnology and embedded systems, Business Cluster Semiconductors Netherlands (BCS-NL, the Dutch associate partner in the Silicon Europe project) focuses specifically on the Dutch Semiconductor industry. BCS is a network of semiconductor companies and knowledge organizations active in the entire value chain of research, design, development, production and application of Advanced ICs, MEMS, Sensors and Wireless Systems. Support for collaboration initiatives, project development and sharing competences are the main contributions of BCS to the semiconductor sector.
5.5.
On National level economic development is supported in the field of RD&I through: Tax incentives on RD&I activities Support of the European initiatives including Horizon 2020, ECSEL (as continuation of ENIAC and ARTEMIS), CATRENE and ITEA. Page 50 of 65
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Specific funds for public research that is in line with industrial needs and will be cofunded by the industry.
Distribution of these funds is coordinated by TKIs (Top consortia Knowledge and Innovation) that are responsible for the joint road mapping, as well as for labelling of the public-privately executed projects to obtain the TKI-funding. On a regional level, the major financial instruments to support RD&I and economic development are allocated at the provinces (for the Silicon Europe scope: Noord Brabant, Overijssel and Gelderland). For the major part these instruments are executed through the respective regional development agencies BOM and Oost NV. The established Smart Specialisation strategies will form the main basis for the application of these regional funds. An overview of all applicable instruments is detailed in D2.1.
5.6.
The participation of Dutch companies, universities and research institutions in European projects is quite high. This includes involvement in KET pilot lines, participation in FP, ENIAC, ARTEMIS, ITEA and CATRENE projects and strong participation is foreseen in the framework of HORIZON 2020. Many of these collaborations reside on a number of major core partners throughout Europe which may be regarded as a careful start of cluster-cooperation. Further collaboration on cluster-level between the various European clusters must be pursued. In general the core partners successfully involve a selected number of SMEs in the projects. This SME-involvement can be improved. On a regional level numerous inter-regional collaborations are in place (Interreg projects) between companies and institutes in Overijssel & Gederland/Germany and in the triangle Leuven-Eindhoven-Kln. The main characteristic of the Dutch semiconductor industry is carried by the equipment business where the Dutch industry plays a major global role (e.g. ASML, ASM Intl., ALSI, FEI, BESI). This activity is strongly supported by a very tight ecosystem of 2nd and higher tier suppliers and subcontractors. For the microelectronic industry the international visibility in is less pronounced for the SMEs although it is interesting to note that the Dutch players are in many cases market leaders in small niche areas (for example Micronit (microfluidics), Microflow Technologies (acoustic sensors) or XiO photonics (light wave circuits)). Large companies that do experience major international exposure include Thales (RF) and NXP (high performance mixed signal). The visibility of the microelectronic components and systems activity, in particular SME-driven, must be improved to increase worldwide market share; an excellent opportunity for international cluster cooperation to support this goal.
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5.7.
Technological view
The semiconductor industry in The Netherlands covers basically the full value chain. For components and systems the value chain covers all aspects from academic research to implementation of the technologies in products. Many of the electronic components are based on a multi-disciplinary development (e.g. silicon technology and bio-chemistry). The majority of the products are developed in a Business-to-Business setting for niche applications. Technologies include: Photonics RF Mixed signal MEMS, Sensors, Wireless systems Microfluidics (bio-sensors)
And serve markets as: Health Mobility (automotive, aerospace) Agro & food Energy Security
Orthogonal to the components and systems industry, there is the industry area developing the production tools, which are complex and multidisciplinary by nature. Supported by a strong process know-how on academic level as well as an extensive and innovative expertise on (mechatronic) equipment technology, all steps in the production of semiconductor devices are covered by Dutch tool suppliers as ASML, ASM Intl., Assemblon, ALSI, BESI, SOLMATES, FEI etc. (lithography, deposition, dicing, metrology, assembly and packaging) supported by an extremely knowledgeable supply chain. To link the technological view with the semiconductor value chain the results from D2.1 overview on RTD offers and demands were combined with the SWOT analysis data. The result - a qualitative assessment for the whole ecosystem of South and East Netherlands - is shown in figure 11. The size and colour of the bubbles indicates in which areas Hightech NL has particular high competences compared to the other regions. These are the fields: design, systems and equipment (bigger bubbles with red colour).
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Figure 11: Value chain High Tech NL
The technological view has a strong interaction with the identified future markets: health, environment, energy, raw materials, mobility, digital and communication as described inside the regional smart specialisation strategies (chapter 5.3). Several of those markets will be served already by the High Tech NL cluster, which has been explored in D2.1 and is shown in figure 12.
Figure 12: Market focus High Tech NL
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6. Regional SWOT analysis of Carinthia / Austria

6.1. Overview SWOT
Strengths Broad based technological competences at company and university/research institution level in - mixed signal system development - power electronics - security (M2M, NFC, RFID), M2M communication - sensor development, M(O)EMS - semiconductor technologies and manufacturing - electronics manufacturing - strong automotive supply industry (Companies: e.g. ams, AVL List, CISC, Dialog Semiconductors, DICE, EVG, Infineon, Intel, Lantiq, Lam Research, NXP; universities/research institutions: e.g. CTR, Joanneum Research,TU Graz, University Linz, TU Vienna, mcl) High number of different types of competence centres connected to R&D institutions acting between basic research and applied science Specific national technology platforms for microelectronics and embedded systems where industry and university/research actors organize themselves in order to lift national research topics to an European level (ENIAC Austria, ARTEMIS Austria, EPOSS => will merge to an ECSEL Austria, Components group at FEEI Association of the Austrian Electrical and Electronics Industries; Technology) Weaknesses Lack of entrepreneurship Lack of venture capital Little number of start-ups and spin offs along the value chain of microelectronic based systems Lack of highly skilled researcher in the regions Decreasing interest of young people in technical professions Too much regional focus sometimes hindering world class ambition EU competition law focuses too much on inner-European competition and ignores global competition
Table 8: Overview SWOT Carinthia (Austria) Strengths/Weaknesses
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Opportunities The strategically chosen topics of research and industry are on world class level, addressing big societal challenges (such as energy efficiency, communication, mobility and security) and therefore imply big potentials for growth The support and promotion of crosscluster activities by the ministry of economics enhances access towards application platforms such as automotive clusters, eco-tech clusters, human technology clusters The above mentioned merger of the technology platforms in Austria will foster smart system innovations The supporting national framework is very favourable to excellence and competitiveness of research and industry Top priority research topics attracting leading researchers Global business of SMEs and LEs Environment and standard of living Well established network of technology providers and applying companies
Threats EU competition law focuses too much on inner-European competition and ignores global competition Concentration of electronics and semiconductor manufacturing outside of Europe Lack of leading solutions made in Europe Restricted interest in new innovative technologies in broader population
Table 9: Overview SWOT Carinthia (Austria) Opportunities/Threats
The overall SWOT-picture for Austria shows, that there is a broad basis of specific technological competences available, where ambitious industry-strategies can be built on. The numerous leading companies, the implemented research infrastructure and the technology networks can be seen as an enormous asset of the region! Together those actors are driving cooperative research activities between science and industry and therefore ensure leading edge positions in research and development. The national and regional policy framework is very favourable to excellence and competitiveness of research and industry. Further the strategically chosen topics are addressing the big societal challenges such as energy efficiency, communication, mobility and security and therefore imply big potentials for growth. The joint approach towards innovative technology-projects, that is fostered by the Austrian technology platforms ENIAC Austria, Artemis Austria, Eposs, which are going to merge to an ECSEL Austria soon, lift national research topics to an European level and support the setting up of relevant Europe-wide projects and the configuration of powerful research and industryconsortia for the implementation of the addressed topics. Silicon Europe FP7 RoK GA 320004 Page 55 of 65
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Weaknesses can be found in a lack of entrepreneurship and therefore a little number of spinoffs and start-ups along the value chain of microelectronic based systems. Further measures have to be brought in place, that stimulate interest for technical professions and in general interest in new innovative technologies in broader population. The concentration of electronics and semiconductor manufacturing outside of Europe along with an EU competition law, that focusses too much on inner-European competition instead of considering the global aspects is seen as a severe threat to the microelectronic based industry in Austria! It can be said, that the strength and the innovation potential of the microelectronics- and embedded systems-landscape in Austria is well recognized within Austria. The industry is affected by large enterprises who are leading competence units and who are driving research activities in cooperation with research institutions and universities on a high level. Small and medium sized companies, who are mainly to be found in the surroundings of the leading competence units, profit from the prosperity of the large enterprises. Nevertheless they also have to develop further, in order to keep pace with the technological progress in the industry. Taking a look at the given combinations of strength and weaknesses and opportunities and threats could lead to the following recommendations: The broad based technological competences and the strategic focus on societal challenges opens big potentials for Austrian actors in emerging markets. The instrument of competence centres connected to R&D institutions has proved to be a success story. Due to the requirement of having industry partners, large and small enterprises as partners in competence centres ensures an intensive knowledge transfer between industry and science and an early prove of concept and a validation of innovations.
6.2.
The high number of university institutes and research organisations dealing with microelectronic-topics shows the significance of basic and industrial research that is given to microelectronics and embedded systems in Austria. A regional knowledge transfer is supported especially by a high number of different types of competence centres connected to R&D institutions. Those are acting between basic research and applied science. A culture that supports cooperation between any kind of actors gives Austria an open innovation infrastructure. Large enterprises, small and medium enterprises as well as knowledge institutions are meeting on a level playing field. This becomes visible not only in innovation conventions as it takes place in Villach on o yearly basis, but also in e.g. Innovation days at companies and universities, where also PhD-topics are presented. A valorisation of innovations is being supported by the close cooperation between universities or competence centres and the industry. Another approach towards a valorisation of Silicon Europe FP7 RoK GA 320004 Page 56 of 65
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innovations is given by the National Clusterplattform, which fosters cross-cluster cooperation. It gives clusters a platform to set up cooperation between technology and application clusters.
6.3.
The Austrian RTI strategy "becoming an innovation leader" is the starting point for the national and regional smart specialisation strategies in Austria. It was developed jointly by all ministries of the Austrian Federal Government. The aim of the strategy is to make Austria an EU innovation leader by 2020. Following the European 2020 strategy, the Austrian government has defined five national targets which were approved by the ministerial council and subsequently were the guiding principle for the Austrian reform programme. The five national headline targets for Austria are in these fields: Employment Research & development Energy Education Reduction of poverty and Social exclusion
Referring to research & development, the R&D rate should be 3.76% of GDP by 2020. This target aims to turn Austria into a knowledge-based, innovative and competitive economy. Another point mentioned is to focus activities, especially when it comes to further development of generic knowledge and generic technologies, such as information and communication technologies, material sciences, life sciences, the humanities and social sciences. Regarding national RTI funding, the topic management performed by the Austrian Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology provides the strategic framework. The main research topics in the managed portfolio are Energy (incl. power supply and energy efficiency) Mobility Smart manufacturing Information and communication technology Human potential Space and Security
With five focuses in the field of ICT, Austria is one of Europe's leaders in ICT research. In order to secure and expand this advantage, the bmvit is concentrated on the following core areas: Semantic systems Embedded systems Visual computing, the visualisation of data and applications Page 57 of 65
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Systems-on-chips Trust in IT systems ICT and demographic change
A regional focus on microelectronics and embedded systems is laid especially in the southern regions of Austria, which include the region of Carinthia and the region of Styria. Here Leading Competence Units, universities and research institutions as well as competence centres are focusing on topics such as power electronics/energy efficiency, security, communication, mobility and smart system integration. There also application clusters such as automotive or human technology-clusters can be found. Those field of technology and applications are tied in regional smart specialisation strategies.
6.4.
Cluster activities in Austria are funded by the regional governments of the 9 Austrian provinces and are part of regional strategies. National coordination of some cross-cluster activities is done by the National Clusterplatform, which is run by the ministry of economics. Clusters in Austria are more and more considered as important participants in different research promotion programmes. Besides in the clusters, industry and university actors organize themselves in specific technology platforms such as ENIAC Austria, Artemis Austria, Eposs Austria in order to lift national research topics to an European level. Those technology platforms are set up on a national level and funded by the ministry of technology. In addition the FEEI Association of the Austrian Electrical and Electronics Industries coordinates activities in a specific components-working group. It is planned to merge those technology platforms to an ECSEL Austria. This and the support and promotion of cross-cluster activities by the ministry of economics shall enhance the development of new systems and accelerate access towards new fields of application.
6.5.
The Austrian Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth considers it important to promote investment in research, development and innovation and to create appropriate conditions for strengthening Austrian companies (particularly small and medium sized enterprises).To this end, a selected range of programmes, initiatives and networks is available. Major parts of the policies are implemented in programmes of the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG), which is the national funding agency for industrial research and development in Austria. In many cases, regional business development agencies are cofinancing projects in coordination with the national funding scheme.
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The supporting national framework is very favourable to excellence and competitiveness of research and industry. One research focus lies on the information technology as information and communication technology is seen as one of the most important economic sectors in the field of research, development and innovation. Therefore, the FFG offers several thematic funding programmes for ICT projects for example such as "ICT of the future" for ambitious innovation and technology developments. It is also funding the transnational programmes ARTEMIS (embedded systems) or ENIAC (nanoelectronics), CATRENE (micro- and nanotechnologies) and ITEA 3 (software-intensive systems) or the ICT Policy Support Programme. In order to motivate companies to approach in R&D for innovative market segments a strategy for a smart public procurement is in place in Austria, that was developed by the Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth and the Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology. As a tax incentive for R&D in Austria, companies can claim for an allowance of their research and development expenses. This accounts to some 10% of the expenses for research and development and the amount is credited by the tax authorities.
6.6.
Austrian companies, universities and research institutions are participating in European projects on a high level. This includes involvement in KET pilot lines, participation in CATRENE projects and participations in the 7th framework programme. Strategic cooperation with foreign clusters were not jet deepened but are seen as very important in order to identify complementary competences and to find potential partners for cooperation. The international visibility of the microelectronic industry in Austria is due to the large international enterprises. The visibility of the whole value chain of microelectronic based systems still has to be improved. Making the cluster more visible would support this goal. The concentration of electronics and semiconductor manufacturing outside of Europe along with an EU competition law, that focusses too much on inner-European competition instead of considering the global aspects is seen as a severe threat to the microelectronic based industry in Austria!
6.7.
Technological view
Austria offers broad based technological competences at company and university/research institution level in Mixed signal system development Power electronics Page 59 of 65
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Security (M2M, NFC, RFID) M2M communication Sensor development, M(O)EMS Semiconductor technologies and manufacturing Electronics manufacturing Automotive supply industry
Sample of companies: AMS AVL List CISC Dialog Semiconductors DICE EVG Infineon Intel Lantiq Lam Research NXP
Sample of universities/research institutions: CTR Carinthian Tech Research AG Joanneum Research TU Graz University Linz TU Vienna mcl high number of different types of competence centres connected to R&D institutions acting between basic research and applied science) Many complementary small and therefore flexible university and non-university research units (so called K-centres)
To link the technological view with the semiconductor value chain the results from D2.1 overview on RTD offers and demands were combined with the SWOT analysis data. The result - a qualitative assessment for the whole ecosystem of Carinthia/ Austria - is shown in figure 13. The size and colour of the bubbles indicates in which areas ME2C has particular high competences compared to the other regions. These are the fields: fabs and systems (bigger bubbles with red colour).
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Figure 13: Value chain ME2C
The technological view has a strong interaction with the identified future markets: energy, mobility, smart manufacturing, information and communication technology, human potential, space and Security as described inside the regional smart specialisation strategies (chapter 6.3). Several of those markets will be served already by the ME2C cluster, which has been explored in D2.1 and is shown in figure 14.
Figure 14: Market focus ME2C
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7. Conclusions
A regional SWOT analysis from an economic, innovation and RTD perspective has been elaborated for each region using the same approach. From the SWOT analysis it can be concluded that all 5 clusters together have strengths along the whole semiconductor value chain. An overview for all clusters is shown in figure 15 (bigger font means the cluster has particularly high competences compared to the other regions).
Figure 15: Value chain Silicon Europe
The observed overlaps of competences per region have already been intensively analysed and evaluated in D2.1 Regional cartography on RTD, which has shown that in a detailed breakdown into the different fields, for example, Fabs or Systems there are actually only a few overlaps. For more details refer to D2.1 report. Common weaknesses for all regions are linked to the typical small and medium sized enterprises structure, for example, less impact on policy making, dependency on large enterprises or less production volume. This fact will be considered as input for joint action plan in WP3. Most of the clusters see strong potential for future growth in the field of applications and application platforms. There is even a clear expectation that by combining competences from the different regions, this field should become a strong European asset. Therefore a key aspect in WP4 Internationalisation should be to work out a strategy and take action to enhance the inter-European cluster cooperation as an enabler on specific (technological) topics. Hence, there is a manifold of combinations between regions to be cexplored during WP3. In particular, it will important to improve the cooperation between SMEs (the majority in all clusters) and the Large Enterprises (the largest employment source). Silicon Europe FP7 RoK GA 320004 Page 62 of 65
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A common threat for all 5 clusters has been identified, in particular, with regards to Asia as the upcoming innovator. A more detailed analysis of international competitors, a definition of an internationalisation strategy and a setup of proper countermeasures will be worked out in WP4. Looking in detail into the SWOT analysis data allows us to observe a number of disparities concerning the definition of the different indicators. Therefore a further consolidation is required to transfer those qualitative statements to a quantified assessment, which will finally lead to the consolidated complementarities analysis as a basis for WP3. This will be the starting point within the next deliverable D2.3 complementarities analysis.
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8. Glossary
Electronic Components and Systems for European Leadership (ECSEL) The new Electronic Components and Systems for European Leadership (ECSEL) Joint Technology Initiative (JTI) is a merger of the ARTEMIS initiative on embedded systems, the ENIAC initiative on nano-electronics and EPOSS. Electronic systems and components such as semiconductors and computer chips are essential to all digital products and services. They underpin innovation and competitiveness in all economic sectors. Cars, planes, trains, medical and health equipment, home appliances, energy networks and security systems all will benefit from the advanced European capability and capacity to design and manufacture state of the art electronic components and systems.12
Horizon 2020 Horizon 2020 is the biggest EU Research and Innovation programme ever with nearly 80 billion Euro of funding available over 7 years (2014 to 2020) in addition to the private investment that this money will attract. It promises more breakthroughs, discoveries and world-firsts by taking great ideas from the lab to the market. It is the financial instrument implementing the Innovation Union, a Europe 2020 flagship initiative aimed at securing Europe's global competitiveness.13
Initiative 10/100/20 Mobilising 10 billion Euro of private, regional, national and EU funds, behind a common set of research and innovation goals, including 5 billion Euro through a joint Public-Private Partnership. This seven-year partnership is designed to cover the whole value and innovation chain in the electronics sector, including funding large-scale innovation projects, under the EU's Horizon 2020 research programme.14
Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) A significant part of future goods and services are as yet unknown, but the main driving force behind their development will be Key Enabling Technologies (KETs), such as nanotechnology, micro- and nanoelectronics including semiconductors, advanced materials, biotechnology and photonics. Mastering these technologies means being at the forefront of managing the shift to a low carbon, knowledge-based economy. They play an important role in the R&D, innovation
12 13
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-13-673_en.htm http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_SPEECH-13-1061_en.htm?locale=en 14 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/newsroom/cf/itemdetail.cfm?item_id=6654&lang=en
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and cluster strategies of many industries and are regarded as crucial for ensuring the competitiveness of European industries in the knowledge economy.15
15
http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/ict/key_technologies/
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Regional SWOT analysis from an economic, innovation and RTD perspective D2.

Version: 1.1 Last Update: 16/1/2014

Silicon Europe FP7 RoK GA 320004

Regional SWOT analysis of Rhne-Alpes / France .......................................................20

Regional SWOT analysis of Flanders / Belgium ............................................................38

Regional SWOT analysis of South and East Netherlands ..............................................45

Regional SWOT analysis of Carinthia / Austria ..............................................................54

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6.4. 6.5. 6.6. 6.7.

Conclusions...................................................................................................................62 Glossary ........................................................................................................................64

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RIS3 RTD RTO SME SMWA SMWK TSV WFS WP

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2. Regional SWOT analysis of Saxony / Germany

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Analysis of regional knowledge transfer

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See e.g. http://www.komm-mach-mint.de www.dresden-concept.de 3 Innovationsstrategie.sachsen.de, page 32

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Existing regional smart specialisation strategies

http://www.mittelstand.sachsen.de/4475.html 5 www.hightech-startbahn.de 6 http://www.innovationsstrategie.sachsen.de/ 7 http://s3platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/s3pguide

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Figure 1: Smart specialisation made in Saxony

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Existing regional cluster policies and initiatives

Existing economic development policies

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Evaluation of European and international context

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Figure 2: Value chain Silicon Saxony

Figure 3: Market focus Silicon Saxony

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3 Regional SWOT analysis of Rhne-Alpes / France

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Analysis of regional knowledge transfer

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Existing regional smart specialisation strategies

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Figure 4: Rhone-Alpes priorities and S3 Domains

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Existing regional cluster policies and initiatives

Existing economic development policies

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Evaluation of European and international context

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Figure 5: Value chain Minalogic

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Figure 6: Market focus Minalogic

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4. Regional SWOT analysis of Flanders / Belgium

Table 5: Overview SWOT Flanders (Belgium)