PASSIVE

1 Somebody must have taken it while I was out 2 You must iron this dress for tonight. !id the noise frighten you" # $hey treated us to some i%e&%ream. ' !on(t let the others see you. )*assive refle+ive, - $he or%hestra *layed that *ie%e beautifully. . /e(s so good at golf nobody %an beat him. 0 $he do%tor had to o*erate on him to find out what was wrong. 1 !idn(t anybody ever tea%h you how to behave" 12 $hey did nothing until he %ame. 11 I %an assure you I will arrange everything in time. )2 *assives, 12 Somebody will meet the visitors at the station. 1 A sudden in%rease in water *ressure would break the dam. 1# 3en %an shell %ities from a distan%e of several miles. 1' 4ne %annot eat an orange if nobody has *eeled it )2 *assives, 1- $hey took the %olle%tion half&way through the meeting. 1. $he *oli%e are sure to ask you that 5uestion. 10 /er beauty stru%k me dee*ly6 )agent, 11 You needn(t think your 7oke took me in. )agent, 22 $hey should not make the %elebration an e+%use for bad behaviour. 21 Peo*le generally assume that money brings ha**iness. )3oney ..., 22 8et me know if there is anything we should do. 2 $hey gave the thief a fair trial and sent him to *rison. )2 *assives, 2# Poverty drove him to des*eration. 2' You must a%%ount for every *enny. 2- A new %om*any has taken the business over. 2. $hey tell me somebody has shot your un%le. )2 *assives, 20 Somebody %an(t have shut the safe *ro*erly. 21 $hey %an(t *ut you in *rison if they haven(t tried you. )2 *assives, 2 9e(ll have to e+amine you again. 1 Peo*le say tortoises live longer than ele*hants. )$ortoises ..., 2 I should love someone to take me out to dinner. )*assive infinitive, KEYS
1.It must have been taken 2 $his dress must be ironed : 9ere you frightened by : # 9e were treated to : ' !on(t let yourself be seen - $hat *ie%e was b. *layed . : he %an(t be beaten 0 /e had to be o*erated on : 1 9ere you never )9eren(t you ever, taught how : 12 ;othing was done : 11 You %an be assured )that, everything will be arranged : 12 $hey will be met at : 1 $he dam would be broken by: 1# <ities %an be shelled from : 1' An orange %annot be eaten if it hasn(t been *eeled 1- $he %olle%tion was taken: 1. You are sure to be asked that 5. 10.I was dee*ly stru%k by herb. 11 You needn(t think I was taken in by: 22 $he %. should not be made: 21 3oney is generally assumed : 22:anything to be done 2 $he t. was given a f.t. and sent to *. 2# /e was driven tod. by *. 2' Every *enny must be a%%ounted for 2- $he b. has been taken over by: 2.1 am told your u. has been shot 20 It %an(t have been *. shut 21 You %an(t be *ut in *rison if you haven(t been tried 2 You(ll have to be e+amined again 1$. are said to live: 2 I should love to be taken out:

MODALS VERBS A Choose the correct answer.

1. I was worried. You (may have / should have) called to say youd be late. 2. He cant manage alone. We (have to / can) hel him. !. "iane did nothing wrong. #im (shouldnt have / couldnt have) shouted at her. $. %he cant &ind her glasses. %he (must have / could have) le&t them at home. '. (a)e an umbrella because it (may / should) rain this a&ternoon. *. Its a holiday tomorrow+ so we (mustnt / neednt) get u early.

B Complete the passage with the modals below.

couldnt shouldnt must have can must might neednt ought to should have (imes have changed. ,owadays you 1.............................. rush o&& to a travel agent to boo) tic)ets &or a -ourney. You 2.............................. sit at home and boo) them over the Internet. However+ the e. erience o& one /ritish cou le !.............................. be a warning to everyone. You $.............................. assume that i& you boo) on the ,et+ mista)es wont ha en. (hats why you '.............................. always chec) boo)ings care&ully. I& you dont+ you *.............................. &ind yourselves in the wrong art o& the world. (hats e.actly what ha ened to 0mma "unn and 1aoul %ebastian. (hey set o&& &rom 2ondon in a large lane+ thin)ing they were on their way to %ydney+ 3ustralia. (hey 4.............................. understand what was ha ening when they landed at an air ort and were as)ed to trans&er to a much smaller lane. It 5.............................. been 6uite a shoc) when they &inally discovered they were in 7anada. (hey 8.............................. read their tic)ets more care&ully because they were boo)ed &or %ydney+ ,ova %cotia.

c Complete the sentences with the verbs in brac

ets. !se modals or modal per"ects.

1. (he grass is very wet. It ................................... (rain) last night. 2. Im too busy to visit you at the moment+ however I ................................... (visit) later. !. I remember your hone number+ so I ................................... (not write) it down. $. "an didnt )now that the lesson was cancelled. %omeone ................................... (tell) him. '. He doesnt remember where he le&t his )eys. (hey ................................... (be) on his des). 1. Its &orbidden to wal) on the grass. You .................................... wal) on the grass. 2. Its not ossible that these diamonds are real. (hese diamonds .................................... be real. !. Its not necessary to bring &ood with you on the tri . You .................................... bring &ood with you. $. We were e. ecting you to call us.

You .................................... called us. '. Im certain that "an is at wor). "an

=EYS
A 1. should have $. must have 2. have to '. may !. shouldnt have *. neednt B 1. neednt *. might 2. can 4. couldnt !. ought to 5. must have $. shouldnt 8. should have '. must C 1. must have rained $. should have told 2. can visit '. must be !. dont have to write / neednt write

>EP/>ASI;? A<$IVI$IES
1. She eats a lot of %ho%olate )loves,She@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ 2. $he last time it rained was in 3ar%h )Sin%e,It@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ . /e did his homework6 then he *honed 3oira. )*honed,9hen@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@. #. $he *ost arrived 2 minutes ago )Aust,$he *ost@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ '. IBm going to study in Cnited States ne+t year. )will,$his time ne+t year@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ -. /e will finish his degree before finding a 7ob )finished,Dy the time@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@.. .. I first met !an in 1102 and we are still good friends )Sin%e,!an and I@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@.. 0. $he train left. 9e arrived at the station late. )8eft,Dy the time@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ 1. 4n%e I worked in a %inema6 but not any more. )CSE! $4,I@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ 12. $he film finishes at 21.22 oB%lo%k )9ill,Dy 21. 2@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ 11. /er mobile *hone rang in the middle of the e+am )while, /er mobile @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ 12. She started drinking too mu%h al%ohol two years ago. )Eor ,She@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@.. 1 . $om is %leaning the hotel windows. $en of the windows are now %lean. )already,$om@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ 1#. Sorry6 I %anBt %ome tomorrow. I made and a**ointment with the do%torlast week. )seeing,$omorrow@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @ 1'. !uring our dinner one of our friends arrived )9hen,9e@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ 1-. $im read AuliaBs letter. /e threw it away. )>ead,After@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@. 1.. 9hen I was a %hild we went to the seaside every year )Csed $o,I@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ A;S9E> =EY

1. She loves eating a lot of %ho%olate 2. It hasnBt rained sin%e 3ar%h . 9hen he had done his homework6 he *honed 3oira #. $he *ost has 7ust arrived '. $his time ne+t year I will be studying in Cnited Status -. Dy the time he finds a 7ob6 /e will have finished his degree .. !an and I have been friends sin%e 1102 0. Dy the time I arrived at the station the train had left. 1. I used to work in a %inema 12. Dy 21. 2 the film will have finished 11. /er mobile *hone rang while she was doing an e+am. 12. She has drunk too mu%h al%ohol for two years. 1 . $om has already %leaned ten of the windows. 1#. $omorrow IBm seeing the do%tor 1'. 9e were having dinner when one of our friends arrived. 1-. After he had read AuliaBs letter he threw it away. 1.. I used to go to the seaside every year.