GMAT Club Question Collection 2

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com

Question Collection 2.0
Updated & Corrected: 01/11/2005

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
1. ARITHMETIC AND ALGEBRA ........................................................................................... 2
2. COMBINATIONS AND PROBABILITY............................................................................... 5
3. COORDINATE GEOMETRY .............................................................................................. 7
4. WORD PROBLEMS.......................................................................................................... 10
5. NUMBER PROPERTIES .................................................................................................. 13
6. MISCELLANEOUS ........................................................................................................... 16
1. ARITHMETIC AND ALGEBRA ANSWERS.............................................................................. 21
2. COMBINATIONS AND PROBABILITY ANSWERS ................................................................... 23
3. COORDINATE GEOMETRY ANSWERS................................................................................ 25
4. WORD PROBLEMS ANSWERS........................................................................................... 27
5. NUMBER PROPERTIES ANSWERS..................................................................................... 29
6. MISCELLANEOUS ANSWERS............................................................................................. 31
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GMAT Club Question Collection 2.0
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1. Arithmetic and Algebra
1. The price of a certain commodity increased at a rate of X% per year between 2000 and 2004. If the
price was M dollars in 2001 and N dollars in 2003 what was the price in 2002 in terms of M and N?

(A) N M
(B) N
M
N

(C) N M
(D) N
N
M

(E) N
2
3
M

2. Which of the following numbers is the biggest?

(A)
1876455
1876452

(B)
1883459
1883456

(C)
1883494
1883491

(D)
1883449
1883446

(E)

1883456
1883453

3. a, b, c, d are positive numbers. Is
d b
c a
b
a
+
+
< ?
(1)
d
c
b
a
<
(2) a + c < b + d

(A) Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but Statement (2) ALONE is not sufficient
(B) Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but Statement (1) ALONE is not sufficient
(C) BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient
(D) EACH statement ALONE is sufficient
(E) Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient

4. Is |x - 1| < 1 ?
(1) (x - 1)
2
1
(2) x
2
- 1 > 0

(A) Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but Statement (2) alone is not sufficient
(B) Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but Statement (1) alone is not sufficient

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5 Which of the following can be a remainder of
Y
X
if both X and Y are positive integers and
Y
X
=
2.625 ?

(A) 2
(B) 4
(C) 5
(D) 8
(E) 9

6. X
X
X
<
| |
. Which of the following must be true about X?

(A) X > 1
(B) X > -1
(C) |X| < 1
(D) |X| = 1
(E) |X|
2
> 1

7. What is 987 987 ?

(A) 974,169
(B) 974,219
(C) 974,549
(D) 975,019
(E) 975,369

8. What is 9) x 6 - (x
2
+ + 3) - (x x) - (2 + if each term in this expression is well defined?

(A) x) - (2
(B) 2x - 6 + x) - (2
(C) x) - (2 + (x - 3)
(D) 2x - 6 + x) - (2
(E) x + x) - (2

9. If operation $ is defined as
$X = X + 2 if X is even
$X = X - 1 if X is odd,
what is $(...$($($(15)))...) 99 times?

(A) 120
(B) 180
(C) 210
(D) 225
(E) 250

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10. If X and Y are positive, is 2 > +
X
Y
Y
X

(1) X does not equal Y
(2) X and Y are integers which do not have common divisors except 1


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2. Combinations and Probability

11. 4 women and 6 men work in the accounting department. In how many ways can a committee of 3
be formed if it has to include at least one woman?

(A) 36
(B) 60
(C) 72
(D) 80
(E) 100

12. There are 3 red chips and 2 blue chips. When arranged in a row, they form a certain color pattern,
for example RBRRB. How many color patterns are possible?

(A) 10
(B) 12
(C) 24
(D) 60
(E) 100

13. Carl has 3 movies to watch during the weekend: 1 action, 1 comedy, and 1 drama. He wants to
watch all the movies but decides to watch one of the movies twice. Assuming Carl does not have
time for more than four movies, in how many ways can Carl arrange his watching schedule?

(A) 6
(B) 20
(C) 24
(D) 36
(E) 54

14. 10 sergeants and 7 lieutenants met at the training camp. Each sergeant shook hands with other
sergeants and lieutenants once and each lieutenant shook hands with all sergeants but did not shake
hands with other lieutenants. How many handshakes took place?

(A) 45
(B) 90
(C) 115
(D) 130
(E) 144

15. Among 5 children there are 2 siblings. In how many ways can the children be seated in a row so
that the siblings do not sit together?

(A) 38
(B) 46
(C) 72
(D) 86
(E) 102

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16. Two sets are defined as follows:
A = {2, 3, 4, 4, 4}
B = {0, 1, 2}.
If a number is taken from set A at random and another number is taken from set B at
random what is the probability that the sum of these numbers is a prime integer?

(A)
15
1
(B)
15
2
(C)
3
1
(D)
15
7
(E)
5
3

17. Mary and Joe are to throw three dice each. The score is the sum of points on all three dice. If
Mary scores 10 in her attempt, what is the probability that Joe will outscore Mary in his?

(A)
64
24
(B)
64
32
(C)
64
36
(D)
64
40
(E)
64
42

18. Kate and David each have $10. A fair coin is flipped five times. Every time the coin lands on
heads, Kate gives David $1. Every time the coin lands on tails, David gives Kate $1. After the coin is
flipped 5 times, what is the probability that Kate will have more than $10 but less than $15?

(A)
16
5
(B)
32
15
(C)
2
1
(D)
32
21
(E)
16
11

19. 6 married couples are present at the party. If 4 people are selected out of these 12, what is the
probability that none of these people will be married to each other?

(A)
33
1
(B)
33
2
(C)
3
1
(D)
33
16
(E)
12
11

20. The bowl contains green and blue chips. What is the probability of drawing a blue chip in two
successive trials if the chip drawn in the first trial is not returned to the bowl before the second trial?
(1) The ratio of blue chips to green chips is 3:4
(2) There are 5 more green chips than blue chips

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3. Coordinate Geometry

21. The vertices of a triangle have coordinates (x, 1), (5, 1), and (5, y) where x < 5 and y > 1. What is
the area of the triangle?
(1) x = y
(2) angle at the vertex (x, 1) = angle at the vertex (5, y)


22. At what angle do the lines y = Kx + L and x = y + KL intersect?
(1) K = 2
(2) K = L


23. Equation |x| + |y| = 5 encloses a certain region on the coordinate plane. What is the area of this
region?

(A) 5
(B) 10
(C) 25
(D) 50
(E) 100

24. Which of the following lines is parallel to line x = 2.66 - 2y ?

(A) y = 2x + 25
(B) y = 2.66x - 2
(C) x + 3y = 2
(D) y = 33 . 1
2
1
+ x
(E) 1 3
2
1
= + y x

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25. On the picture below, is the area of triangle ABC > 1 ?
(1) angle ABC < 90 degrees
(2) perimeter of the triangle ABC >
a
4


26. Does the curve (x - a)
2
+ (y - b)
2
= 16 intersect the Y-axis?
(1) a
2
+ b
2
> 16
(2) a = |b| + 5

27. A, B, and C are points on the plane. Is AB > 15 ?
(1) BC + AC > 14
(2) area of triangle ABC < 1


28. A circle is inscribed in a square. If the squares diagonal is 4 cm long, what is the area of the
square that is not occupied by the circle (approximately)?

(A) 1.7 cm
2

(B) 2.7 cm
2

(C) 12 cm
2

(D) 24 cm
2

(E) 25 cm
2

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29. Assuming the Earth's orbit around the Sun is a circle, by how much will the length of the Earth's
orbit increase if the radius of this orbit grows by
2
meters?

(A) 1 meter
(B) 2 meters
(C) meters
(D) 2 meters
(E)
2
meters

30. What is the angle between the minute and the hour hands of the clock which shows 12:24 ?

(A) 115
(B) 120
(C) 124
(D) 130
(E) 132

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4. Word Problems

31. Machine A can produce 50 components a day while machine B only 40. The monthly
maintenance cost for machine A is $1500 while that for machine B is $550. If each component
generates an income of $10 what is the least number of days per month that the plant has to work to
justify the usage of machine A instead of machine B?

(A) 6
(B) 7
(C) 9
(D) 10
(E) 11

32. If the farmer sells 75 of his chickens, his stock of feed will last for 20 more days than planned,
but if he buys 100 more chickens, he will run out of feed 15 days earlier than planned. If no chickens
are sold or bought, the farmer will be exactly on schedule. How many chickens does the farmer
have?

(A) 60
(B) 120
(C) 240
(D) 275
(E) 300

33. Two payment schemes are available for customers in the N&K store. The first scheme implies a
downpayment of 20% of the purchase price and 10 monthly payments of 10% each. The second
implies a downpayment of 10% and 20 monthly payments of 8% each. If a customer buys a TV for
$216, by what percent will he find the first scheme cheaper than the second (approximately)?

(A) 14%
(B) 27%
(C) 30%
(D) 34%
(E) 35%

34. A man cycling along the road noticed that every 12 minutes a bus overtakes him while every 4
minutes he meets an oncoming bus. If all buses and the cyclist move at constant speed, what is the
time interval between consecutive buses?

(A) 5 minutes
(B) 6 minutes
(C) 8 minutes
(D) 9 minutes
(E) 10 minutes

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35. A plane takes off from the hill at 750 meters above the sea level and lands some time later in a
town located at 50 meters below the sea level. During the first part of its flight the plane gained
height at a rate of 50 meters per minute but then it started to descend at a rate of 20 meters per
minute. The duration of the first part of the flight was what percent of the total flight time?
(1) The duration of the descent is known
(2) The total flight time is known


36. Richard is 3 years younger than his sister. How old will Richard be in 5 years?
(1) Two years ago Richard was twice as young as his sister
(2) If Richard's sister were born 2 years earlier she would now be twice as old as
Richard


37. It takes Jack 2 more hours than Tom to type 20 pages. Working together, Jack and Tom can type
25 pages in 3 hours. How long will it take Jack to type 40 pages?

(A) 5 hours
(B) 6 hours
(C) 8 hours
(D) 10 hours
(E) 12 hours

38. Each shelf of the bookcase contained 12 books. The librarian took out 21 books and rearranged
the remaining books so that all shelves but one contained 8 books and the last shelf contained 11
books. How many shelves does the bookcase have?

(A) 5
(B) 6
(C) 7
(D) 8
(E) 9

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39. The power of the engine grows by 10% when the number of its cylinders is increased by one.
Which of the following is closest to the ratio of the power of a 9-cyllinder engine to that of a 12-
cyllinder engine?

(A) 0.69
(B) 0.71
(C) 0.72
(D) 0.75
(E) 0.78

40. Two sacks together contained 43.25 kg of sugar. After 4.75 kg of sugar was taken from the first
sack and poured into the second, the weight of the sugar in the first sack became 73% the weight of
the sugar in the second. What was the original difference in weights of the sacks?

(A) 1.25 kg
(B) 2.00 kg
(C) 2.75 kg
(D) 3.25 kg
(E) 3.50 kg

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5. Number Properties

41. If X is an odd integer which of the following numbers must be even?

(A)
3
3
X

(B)
2
1
2
X

(C) Xp + 1 where p is a prime number
(D)
2
2) - (X 7) (X +

(E) X
X - 1

42. If X and Y are positive integers, is
3
Y
x
+ 10
an integer?
(1) X > 5
(2) Y = 2


43. @ represents the tens digit in integer N = 1947@6. What is @?
(1) N is divisible by 4
(2) N is divisible by 3


44. If XY is divisible by 4 which of the following must be true?

(A) If X is even then Y is odd
(B) If X = 2 then Y is not an integer
(C) If X is 0 then X + Y is not 0
(D) X
Y
is even
(E)
Y
X
is not an integer

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45. If x is a positive integer, is the number of its divisors smaller than 2 1 x ?
(1) x is not a square of an integer
(2) x is prime


46. Is 10
n
+ 8 divisible by 18 ?
(1) n is prime
(2) n is even


47. If X, Y, and Z are positive integers, is XYZ even?
(1) X + Y is odd
(2) YZ is odd


48. A and B are two-digit positive integers. What is A?
(1) A + B = 168
(2) Both A and B are divisible by 24


49. If a and b are positive integers (a > b), is a
2
- b
2
divisible by 4 ?
(1) a = b + 2
(2) a and b are odd


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50. What is 1! + 2! + ... + 10! ?

(A) 4037910
(B) 4037913
(C) 4037915
(D) 4037916
(E) 4037918

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6. Miscellaneous

51. Comet A is seen near the Earth every 12 years while comet B every 20 years. If both comets
were observed in 1979, for how many years do we have to wait to see the two comets together again?
(Assume now is 2004)

(A) 16
(B) 20
(C) 25
(D) 32
(E) 35

52. Out of 20 surveyed students 8 study math and 7 study both math and physics. If 10 students do
not study either of these subjects, how many students study physics but not math?

(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 4
(D) 5
(E) 6

53. Set T consists of odd integers divisible by 5. Is standard deviation of T positive?
(1) All members of T are positive
(2) T consists of only one element


54. The 19th of September 1987 was Saturday. What day was the 21st of September 1990 if 1988
was a leap-year?

(A) Monday
(B) Tuesday
(C) Wednesday
(D) Thursday
(E) Friday

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55. At 12:00 in the afternoon Paul stopped at the gas station and filled his car's 50-liter tank to
capacity. After Paul drove 75 miles away from the station, the tank developed a leakage and the car
started to lose
5
1
liters of fuel per minute. If Paul is traveling at a constant speed of 50 miles per hour
and his car consumes 10 liters per every 100 miles, at what time of the day will Paul stop as a result
of the fuel depletion?

(A) 4:00 pm
(B) 4:15 pm
(C) 4:30 pm
(D) 5:00 pm
(E) 5:20 pm

56. The safety distance between cars moving on a motorway depends on their speed by the following
formula: 9
100
2
+ =
V
D
where D is the distance between the cars in meters and V is the speed of the cars in meters per
second (ms). If two cars want to maintain a time interval of 1 second between each other, which of
the following is a speed they can travel at without breaching the safety regulation?

(A) 10 ms
(B) 14 ms
(C) 18 ms
(D) 24 ms
(E) 30 ms

57. Mike, Tom, and Walt work as sales agents for an insurance company. The commissions Mike,
Tom, and Walt got last month are bound by the formula: MT =
6
W
. If Mikes commission this
month increased by 60% and Toms commission dropped by 50%, how should Walt do to maintain
the above relationship intact? (Assume commission is directly proportional to salesmans
performance)

(A) sell 12.5% less
(B) sell 20% less
(C) sell 22.5% less
(D) sell 12.5% more
(E) sell 15% more

58. The train consists of 6 carriages, 20 meters long each. The gap between the carriages is 1 meter.
If the train is moving at a constant speed of 60 kmh, how much time will it take the train to run
through a 1 kilometer tunnel?
(A)
8
1
1 (B)
2
1
1 (C)
4
3
1
(D) 2
(E)
4
1
2

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59. Among 200 people 56% like strawberry jam, 44% like apple jam, and 40% like raspberry jam. If
30% of people like both strawberry and apple jam, what is the largest possible number of people who
like raspberry jam but do not like either strawberry or apple jam?

(A) 20
(B) 60
(C) 80
(D) 86
(E) 92

60. The average of four distinct positive integers is 60. How many integers of these four are smaller
than 50?
(1) One of the integers is 200
(2) The median of the four integers is 50


61. Is the mean of a non-empty set S bigger than its median?
(1) All members of S are consecutive multiples of 3
(2) The sum of all members of S equals 75


62. It took the bus three hours to get from town A to town B. What was the average speed of the bus
for the entire trip?
(1) After one hour the bus finished
3
1
of the distance going at 60 kmh
(2) During the second hour the average speed of the bus was 120 kmh, twice its speed
during the third hour


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63. A wholesaler sells computers on following conditions: first 100 computers of the lot cost $500
each and any computer above that amount costs $400. If the wholesaler received $57,600 as a result
of the deal, how many computers did he sell?

(A) 109
(B) 117
(C) 119
(D) 121
(E) 123

64. Jim bought several books and paid $216. If all books cost the same, which of the following
cannot be the book price?

(A) $3
(B) $12
(C) $24
(D) $40
(E) $72

65. How many zeros does 100! end with?

(A) 20
(B) 24
(C) 25
(D) 30
(E) 32

66. Function F(x) satisfies F(x) = F(x
2
) for all x. Which of the following must be true?

(A) F(4) = F(2)F(2)
(B) F(16) - F(-2) = 0
(C) F(-2) + F(4) = 0
(D) F(3) = 3F(3)
(E) F(0) = 0

67. What is the last digit of (9)
1
+ (99)
2
+ (999)
3
+ ... + (10
n
- 1)
n
?
(1) n is even
(2) n is prime


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68. Because of the weight limitations, the lorry can carry a maximum of 20 crates of apples. The
weight of a crate of oranges is
4
3
the weight of a crate of apples. If 10 crates of apples were loaded
into the lorry, what is the maximum number of crates of oranges that the lorry can still
accommodate?

(A) 8
(B) 9
(C) 12
(D) 13
(E) 14

69. A certain Internet provider charges its customers 3 cents per every minute spent online between 6
pm and 9 pm, 2 cents per minute between 9 pm and midnight, and 1 cent per minute at other times. If
John was online from 4 pm till 1 am, how much will he pay the provider?

(A) $3.60
(B) $5.40
(C) $7.20
(D) $9.00
(E) $10.80

70. Deborah and Mike visit the university library at regular intervals every 3 and 4 days respectively.
If both of them were in the library on Monday, what day of the week will it be when they meet in the
library again?

(A) Wednesday
(B) Thursday
(C) Friday
(D) Saturday
(E) Sunday

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Answers

1. Arithmetic and Algebra Answers

1. Answer A
Price in 2003 was
2
)
100
1 (
X
M + = N.
From this equation
M
N X
= +
100
1 .
Price in 2002 was = + )
100
1 (
X
M
M
N
M
N
M = .
Let's check the answer: price in 2003 =
(price in
2002)(1+ N
M
N
M N
X
= = )
100
as
in the stem.

2. Answer C
It is important to notice that in each
fraction the denominator is by 3 bigger
than the numerator. The greatest fraction is
the one with the biggest numerator:
1883494
1883491

3. Answer A
From S1 it follows that ad < bc or ab +
ad < ab + bc or a(b + d) < b(a + c)
or
d b
c a
b
a
+
+
< .
S2 is not sufficient. If a = c = 1 and b = d =
2, the answer is NO. If a = c = d = 1 and b
= 2, the answer is YES )
3
2
2
1
< ( .

4. Answer E
S1 is equivalent to |x - 1| 1. If x = 0 or x
= 2, S1 holds but the principal statement is
not true.
S2 is not sufficient either. If x = 1.5, the
principal statement holds but if x is big,
say 5, the principal statement is not true.
Although S2 means that x cannot be 0, it
does not exclude the possibility of x being 2.
Thus, S1 and S2 combined are not sufficient to
answer the question.

5. Answer C
It follows from the stem that X = 2Y + 0.625Y.
Therefore, the remainder can be expressed as
0.625Y where Y is a positive integer. Among the
given choices only 5 is divisible by 0.625: 5 =
0.6258.

6. Answer B
If X > 0, the inequality turns into X > 1. If X < 0,
the inequality turns into X > -1. In each of the
cases X > -1, therefore X > -1 is true for all
possible X. Counter-examples that show that other
choices are not necessarily true:
(A),(D),(E) X =
2
1
;
(C) X = 5.

7. Answer A
987987 = (987 + 13)(987 - 13) + 13
2
=
1000974 + 169 = 974,169. We used (a + b)(a -
b) + b
2
= a
2
.

8. Answer A
This is a logic+algebra question. First of all, 2 - x
has to be 0 for the expression x 2 to be
defined (it is important to remember that GMAT
deals only with real numbers). Therefore, x 2.
= + 9 6
2
x x x = 3 ) 3 (
2
(because x 2
and thus x - 3 < 0).
Summing up: = + + + 3 2 9 6
2
x x x x
x x x x = + + 2 ) 3 ( 2 ) 3 ( .

9. Answer C
$(15) = 14. We have to compute
$(...$($($(14)))...) 98 times. Each $ just adds 2 to
the previous result. Therefore, $(...$($($(14)))...)
98 times = 14 + 298 = 210.

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10. Answer A
When X and Y are different,
X
Y
Y
X
+ is
always bigger than 2. This is because (X -
Y)
2
> 0, from where X
2
+ Y
2
> 2XY. After
dividing by XY we get 2 > +
X
Y
Y
X

S2 alone is not sufficient. The answer is NO if X
= Y = 1.

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2. Combinations and Probability Answers

11. Answer E 15. Answer C
The best way to approach this problem is
to consider an unconstrained version of the
question first: in how many ways can a
committee of 3 be formed? The answer is
10C3. From this figure we have to subtract
the number of committees that consist
entirely of men i.e. 6C3. The final answer
is 10C3 6C3 = 120 20 = 100.
Without limitations 5 children can be seated in 5!
= 120 ways. What is the number of ways to seat
the 5 children so that the siblings DO sit together?
The siblings can be regarded as one unit so there
are 4! Combinations. But within this unit the
siblings can sit in two different ways. So, the
number of ways to seat the 5 children so that the
siblings DO sit together is 4!2 = 48. Thus, the
number of combinations in which the siblings DO
NOT sit together is 120 48 = 72. 12. Answer A
Imagine that there are 5 cells for the chips
to be put in. Each possible color pattern
will correspond to a certain choice of cells
in which blue chips are to be placed. Note,
that once these two cells are selected, the
red chips will automatically go into the
remaining three cells. So, the number of
possible color patterns equals the number
of ways we can select 2 cells out of 5 i.e.
5C2 = 10.

16. Answer D
There is no way how we can obtain a prime bigger
than 5. In all, there are three possibilities for the
sum to be a prime number (P denotes probability):
P(the sum is 2) = P(2 from A, 0 from B)
=
15
1
3
1
5
1
=
P(the sum is 3) = P(2 from A, 1 from B) + P(3
from A, 0 from B) =
15
2
3
1
5
1
3
1
5
1
= +
13. Answer D
P(the sum is 5) = P(3 from A, 2 from B) + P(4
from A, 1 from B) =
15
4
3
1
5
3
3
1
5
1
= + .
First of all, Carl has to choose the movie
he will watch twice. There are 3
possibilities for such a selection. Within
each of the selections the movies can be
arranged in 12
2
! 4
= different ways the
general formula for permutations of 4
elements of which 2 are identical. The
total number of ways to arrange the
schedule = 312 = 36.
Summing up: P(the sum is prime) = P(the sum is
2) + P(the sum is 3) + P(the sum is 5) =
15
7
.

17. Answer B
This is a-look-for-shortcuts problem. To outscore
Mary Joe has to score in the range of 11-18. The
probability to score 3 is the same as the
probability to score 18 (1-1-1 combination against
6-6-6; if 1-1-1 is on the tops of the dice, the 6-6-6
is on the bottoms). By the same logic, the
probability to score x is the same as the
probability to score 21 x. Therefore, the
probability to score in the range 11-18 equals the
probability to score in the range of 3-10. As range
3-18 covers all possible outcomes, the probability
to score in the range 11-18 is
2
1
or
64
32
.

14. Answer C
Handshakes between sergeants = 10C2 =
45
! 2 ! 8
! 10
=
.
Each lieutenant made 10 handshakes (one
with every sergeant). In all, lieutenants
made 710 = 70 handshakes.
The total number of handshakes = 45 + 70
= 115.

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18. Answer B
The total number of outcomes after 5
tosses = 2
5
= 32. In half of these outcomes
Kate wins and increases her initial $10
capital. But in one particular outcome
(namely, when the coin lands on tail five
times in a row) Kate will increase her
capital to $15. This variant should be
regarded as unfavorable. Thus, the
required probability =
32
15
32
1
=
16
.

19. Answer D
Lets select one person at a time. There is
no limitation on the first selection. The
probability that the second person will not
be married to the first =
11
10
(among 11
people left there are 10 who are not the
spouse of the first person selected). The
probability that the third person will not be
married to any of the first two =
10
8
. The
probability that the fourth person will not be
married to any of the first three =
9
6
.
The overall probability to select four people
among which there is no married couple =
33
16
9
6
10
8
11
10
= .

20. Answer C
S1 is not sufficient. Although we know the
probability that the first chip will be blue, we
cannot compute the probability that the second
chip will be blue. We need to evaluate the ratio of
blue chips to green chips after the first trial and S1
does not supply information to do so. S2 is not
sufficient either. We dont even know if this
difference of 5 is significant or not.
From S1 + S2 the exact number of green and blue
chips in the bowl can be determined:
B + 5 = G;
4
3
=
G
B
.
From this system G = 20 and B = 15. This
information completely defines the contents of the
bowl and thus allows to answer the question.

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3. Coordinate Geometry Answers
25. Answer A
21. Answer C
The area of the triangle ABC is a
a
a a
= +
2
)
1 1
2
( .
It is obvious that this is a right triangle and
its area =
2
) 1 ( ) 5 ( y x
.
S1 is sufficient. If angle ABC equals 90 degrees,
then the triangle BOC is isosceles and thus a
2
=
from where a = 1. If angle ABC is smaller than 90
degrees, then a
2
> 1 and thus a = area of the
triangle ABC > 1.
a
1
S1 is not sufficient. Can be x = y = 2 or x
= y = 3 with different values for the area.
S2 is not sufficient. It says that the triangle
is isosceles but there is no limitation on its
size.
S2 is not sufficient. As long as a > 0, the
perimeter of the triangle ABC is always bigger
than
a
4
(the base of the triangle is
a
2
+ the length
of the other two sides). So, S2 doesn't provide any
valuable information.
S1 + S2 gives that 5 - x = x - 1 from where
x = 3. Thus, the area = 2
2
2
= 2.

22. Answer A
What matters in this question are the
coefficients in front of x and y. They
define the slope of the line and are
important to find the angle of the
intersection. L in the first equation and
KL in the second can only shift the lines
left-right or up-down but they cannot
change the slopes of the lines.

26. Answer B
(x - a)
2
+ (y - b)
2
= 16 is the equation of a circle
with center (a, b) and radius 4.
S1 says that the center of the circle is further than
4 units away from the origin but it doesn't specify
whether the circle is far enough from the Y-axis
not to intersect it.
The slope of the second line is 1 (the
equation can be rewritten as y = x - KL).
The slope of the first line can be
determined from S1. S2 gives irrelevant
information.
From S2 it follows that a 5 and thus the center
of the circle is at least 5 units away from the Y-
axis. As the radius of the circle is only 4 units, we
can conclude that the circle does not intersect the
Y-axis.

23. Answer D
27. Answer E
The figure its going about in the stem is a
square. You just have to build one side of
it in case of positive x and y. Then you can
notice that this segment is mirrored into
the other three quadrants to form a square
with the length of the side 2 5 . Thus,
the area of the enclosed region is
50 2 25 ) 2 5 (
2
= = = 252 = 50.
S1 allows AB to be of any length. S2 also allows
AB to be of any length: if AB is long, angle ACB
has to be close to 180 degrees to make the area of
the triangle smaller than 1.
S1 + S2 is not sufficient either. AB can be long (in
this case angle ACB has to be close to 180) or
short (in this case angle ACB has to be close to 0).

28. Answer A
If the diagonal of the square is 4 cm then the sides
are 2 2 8 = . So, the radius of the circle is
2 . The area of the circle is 2 and that of the
square is 8. The area of the region not occupied by
the circle = 8 - 2 = approximately 1.7.
24. Answer D
x = 2.66 - 2y can be rewritten as y = 1.33
-
2
1
x. For lines to be parallel the
coefficients in front of x have to be the
same. Choice D is the right answer.

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29. Answer E 30. Answer E
Let R be the radius of the orbit. The
difference in length between the actual
orbit and the hypothetical one is 2(R +
2
) - 2R = 2
2
=
2
.
Each minute division of the dial makes an angle of
6
60
360
= degrees. There is an angle of 246 = 144
degrees between the minute hand and the vertical
axis. There is an angle of 12 6
12
24
= degrees
between the hour hand and the vertical axis. So,
there is an angle of 144 - 12 = 132 degrees
between the hour and the minute hand of the
clock.

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4. Word Problems Answers

31. Answer D 34. Answer B
Let x denote this number of days. Then the
monthly income from machine A =
5010x - 1500 and the monthly income
from machine B = 4010x - 550. The
question is what is the least integer x such
that the income from A exceeds income
from B.
Let Vb denote the speed of the bus and Vc the
speed of the cyclist. Then the distance between the
buses = 4(Vb + Vc) = 12(Vb - Vc) from where
Vb = 2Vc.
Interval between the buses =
bus the of speed
buses e between th distance
=
=
+
Vb
Vc Vb
4 6
2
3
4 =
Vb
Vb
minutes.
5010x - 1500 > 4010x 550 or
100x > 950 or x > 9.
Thus, x must be 10.

32. Answer E
35. Answer D
Let V denote the volume of feed one
chicken consumes per day. Then the total
volume of feed in stock will be VDC
where D is the number of days the feed
will last if the number of chickens does not
change and C is the current number of
chickens. From the stem it follows that
A for time spent in ascent, D for time spent in
descent.
From the stem it is clear that 20D - 50A = 750
+ 50 = 800. The question asks for % 100
+ D A
A
.
S1 says that D is known. From the equation above
A can be found and thus % 100
+ D A
A
can be
determined.
V(D + 20)(C - 75) = VDC; V(D -
15)(C + 100) = VDC.
The first equation simplifies to 20C -
75D = 1500. The second equation
simplifies to (-15)C + 100D = 1500.
After dividing everything by 5 we get the
linear system:
S2 says that A + D is known. This allows to
express A in terms of D and find D from the
equation above. % 100
+ D A
A
can then be
calculated.
4C - 15D = 300; (-3)C + 20D =
300.

After solving it we receive C = 300, D =
60.
36. Answer D
R for Richard's age, S for his sister's age.

From S1 it follows that 2(R - 2) = S - 2. As S =
R + 3, this equation can be solved for R and thus
R + 5 can be found. R = 5 and R + 5 = 10.
33. Answer C
Please note that the price of $216 is
irrelevant to this question and is only cited
to trap you into lengthy calculations.
From S2 it follows that S + 2 = 2R or R + 5 =
2R from where R = 5 and R + 5 = 10.
For any price X the customer would pay:

- by the first scheme: 0.2X + 100.1X =
1.2X;
37. Answer E
Denote J the time it takes Jack to type 20 pages.
Because working together Jack and Tom can type
25 pages in 3 hours, they can type 20 pages in
5
12
3
5
4
= hours. Now, it follows from the stem
that
12
5
2
1 1 1 1
=
+ = +
J J T j
. From this equation J
= 6. So, Jack will type 20 pages in 6 hours,
therefore he will type 40 pages in 12 hours.
- by the second scheme: 0.1X +
200.08X = 1.7X.
The percentage difference = 100%
7 . 1
5 . 0
% 100
7 . 1
2 . 1 7 . 1
=

X
X X
=
approximately 100% % 30
7 . 1
51 . 0
= .

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38. Answer B
Denoting X the number of the shelves, we
can compose an equation: 12X = 21 + (X
- 1)8 + 11.
Solving it, we get 4X = 24 or X = 6.

39. Answer D
Let X denote the power of the 9-cyllinder
engine and Y the power of the 12-cyllinder
engine. It follows from the stem that Y =
(1.1)
3
X = 1.211.1X = 1.331X or
about X
3
1
1 . The required ratio =
75 . 0
4
3
3
1
1
1
= = =
Y
X
.

40. Answer C
If X is the initial weight of the first sack
then the following equation can be
composed:
X - 4.75 = 0.73((43.25 - X) + 4.75) or
1.73X = 480.73 + 4.75 or 173X =
3504 + 475.
From this equation X = 23. The weight of
the second sack was 43.25 - 23 = 20.25.
The difference in weights was 23 - 20.25 =
2.75.

This is an arithmetic toughie, you have to
spot that 3979 = 23173.

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5. Number Properties Answers

41. Answer B
2
1
2
X
can be written as =
+
2
) 1 ( ) 1 ( X X

=
2
even even
eveninteger = even. To see
that the other choices are not necessarily
even consider X = 3 (in C consider p = 2).

42. Answer B
S1 is not sufficient. Whatever X is, we can
manipulate Y to make
3
Y
X
+ 10
either
divisible or indivisible by 3.
S2 is sufficient. The key thing to notice is
that if S2 holds, the sum of digits of
3
10 Y
X
+
is divisible by 3: 12,102,1002,...

43. Answer E
If N is divisible by 4 then @6 is divisible by
4. We have five candidates 194716, 194736,
194756, 194776, 194796. Not sufficient.
If N is divisible by 3 then 1+9+4+7+@+6 is
divisible by 3. We have four candidates
194706, 194736, 194766, 194796. Not
sufficient.
S1 + S2 leaves us with two choices 194736
and 194796 but whether @ = 3 or @ = 9
cannot be determined.

44. Answer B
Only choice B must be true. If X is 2 then
Y cannot be an integer; otherwise XY
would not be an integer. Counter-examples
to other answer choices:
A: X = 2, Y = 2; C: X = 0, Y = 0; D: X =
1, Y = 4; E: X = 4, Y = 4.

45. Answer D
The number of divisors of any integer x
cannot exceed 1 2 x . This is because
the divisors form pairs: (1, x), )
2
, 2
x
( all the
way to the last pair ) , x x ( . The maximum
number of pairs is x the maximum number of
divisors is 1 2 x (because the last pair
contains identical numbers). But if x is not a
perfect square, x is not a divisor of x.
Therefore, from S1 it follows that the number of
divisors of x is smaller than 1 2 x . If x is
prime then it is definitely not a perfect square.
Therefore, S2 is sufficient as well.

46. Answer A
S2 is not sufficient. If n = 0, the answer is NO;
if n is 1, the answer is YES.
However, if n is a positive integer, 10
n
+ 8 is
always divisible by 18. This is because 10
n
+ 8
is even and is divisible by 9 (the sum of its
digits is divisible by 9). As all prime numbers
are positive integers, S1 is sufficient to answer
the question.

47. Answer A
From S1 it follows that X and Y cannot both be
odd or even. One of them must be even and the
other must be odd. This information is enough
to state that XYZ is even.
From S2 it follows that both Y and Z are odd.
The answer to the question will depend on
whether X is even but S2 does not provide this
information.

48. Answer E
Although the question seems difficult, it allows
a simple approach. If there is a pair (A, B) that
satisfies S1 and S2 then pair (B, A) also satisfies
S1 and S2. So, we cannot determine A unless A
= B which is not the case here (84 is not
divisible by 24).
From S1 and S2 it can be established that
either A = 96 and B = 72 or A = 72 and B =
96 but the statements do not provide
information to decide between these two
variants. All we know is that A is either 72 or
96.
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49. Answer D
S1: a
2
- b
2
= (b + 2)
2
- b
2
= 4b + 4, which is
divisible by 4.
S2: a
2
- b
2
= (2n + 1)
2
- (2k + 1)
2
= 4n
2
+
4n - 4k
2
+ 4k, which is divisible by 4.

50. Answer B
1! + 2! + ... + 10! = 1 + (2! + ... + 10!) = odd +
even = odd.
1! + 2! + ... + 10! = 3 + (3! + ... + 10!) = integer
divisible by 3.
Among the listed choices we are looking for odd
integers divisible by 3. Only choice B fits. This
is a backsolving problem.

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6. Miscellaneous Answers

51. Answer E
The least multiple of both 12 and 20 is 60. It
means that the two comets are seen together
every 60 years. Therefore, the next year the
comets will be observed together will be
1979 + 60 = 2039. We have to wait for 2039
- 2004 = 35 years.

52. Answer B
P for the number of students who study
physics, M for the number of students who
study math, PM for the number of students
who study both math and physics:
P + M - PM = 20 - 10 = 10
P + 8 - 7 = 10
P = 9.
The number of students who study physics
but not math = P - PM = 9 - 7 = 2.

53. Answer B
This question tests the basics. Standard
deviation of a set is always non-negative and
equals 0 only if all members of the set are
equal. S1 doesn't help to answer the
question. S2 says that there is only one
element in T and therefore standard
deviation of T is 0 (not positive).

54. Answer E
If it were not for the leap-year, the 19th of
September in 1988 would be Sunday, in
1989 it would be Monday, and in 1990 it
would be Tuesday (because there are 365
days in a year and 365 = 527 + 1).
Allowing for the leap-year, the 19th of
September in 1990 should be Wednesday.
Therefore, the 21st of September 1990
should be Friday.

55. Answer A
Because Paul's speed was 50 miles per hour,
it was 1:30 when the tank started to leak. At
that time, the tank contained 50 - 100.75 =
42.5 liters of fuel. From then on the car was
losing a total of 17 liters per hour:
12 60
5
1
= liters as result of the leakage and
5 10
100
50
= liters to run the engine. Thus, after
1:30 the fuel will only last for 5 . 2
17
5 . 42
= hours.
Therefore, Paul will stop at 1:30 + 2:30 = 4:00
pm.

56. Answer A
Let V denote the speed the cars are traveling at.
Because the time interval between the cars is
always 1 second, the distance between the cars
will depend on their speed as follows D = V1.
This distance must not exceed the safety
distance:
9 100
2
+
V
V or V
2
- 100V + 900 0
or (V - 10)(V - 90) 0.
Among the listed choices only choice A satisfies
this inequality.

57. Answer B
Lets pick numbers: M = 5, T = 4, W = 120.
Increase M by 60%: M = 8. Decrease T by 50%:
T = 2. W has to be 96, which is 20% less than
120.

58. Answer A
The head of the train will run through the tunnel
in 1 minute because it is moving at 60 kmh
which is 1 km per minute. It will take additional
8
1
minutes for the rest of the train to leave the
tunnel:
the length of the train is 206 + 5 = 125 meters
= 0.125 kilometers;
the time it will take the whole train to exit the
tunnel =
kmm
km
1
125 . 0
=
8
1
minutes.

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59. Answer B 62. Answer A
The general equation is S + A + R - SA - SR
- AR + SAR + N = 100% where N denotes
the number of people who like none of the
three jams (draw the Veinn diagram). To
maximize the number of people who like
raspberry but not strawberry or apple jam N
has to be 0. The new equation can be
rewritten as follows:
From S1 it follows that
3
1
of the distance
amounts to 60 km. Therefore, the entire distance
is 180 km and the average speed for the entire
trip is
h 3
km 180
= 60 kmh.
S2 gives no information about the first hour.
The bus could be nearly flying during the first
hour (and then its average speed for the entire
trip would be high) or it could be crawling (and
then its average speed for the entire trip would
be low).
R - AR - SR + SAR = 100% + SA - A - S.
The left side of this equation is precisely
what the question asks for - the number of
people who like raspberry jam but do not
like strawberry or apple jam (Venn diagram
will help to understand why it is so).
Plucking the numbers:

63. Answer C
It is obvious that more than 100 computers were
sold because more than $50,000 was received.
For all computers above the first 100 the
wholesaler received $7,600. Each of these
computers cost $400, therefore
400
7600
= 19
computers were sold at $400 each. Adding the
100 that were sold at $500 each, we conclude
that in total 119 computers were sold.
R - AR - SR + SAR = 100% + 30% - 44% -
56% = 30%. Finally, 30% of 200 is 60.

60. Answer D
If one of the integers is 200 then the sum of
the other three has to be 40. It is clear that
each of these three integers is less than 50.
S1 is sufficient.
From S2 it follows that two of the integers
are less than 50 and two of the integers are
more than 50. If the integers are arranged in
ascending order then the median =
2
integer third integer second +
. As all the
integers are different, no number can equal
50.

64. Answer D
216 = (number of books)(price of one book).
216 has to be divisible by the book price. All the
listed choices are divisors of 216 except 40.

65. Answer B
We have to find how many times factor 5 is
contained in 100!. That is, we have to find the
largest n such that 100! is divisible by 5
n
. There
are 20 multiples of 5 in the first hundred but 25,
50, 75, and 100 have to be counted twice
because they are divisible by 25 = 5
2
. So, the
answer is 24.

61. Answer A
S1 says that members of S are evenly
distributed in the set. In this case, the mean
= the median =
2
member last member first +
.
This holds even if S contains only one
element.

66. Answer B
S2 gives no valuable information. S can be
{75} with the answer to the question NO or
it could be {1, 2, 72} with the answer to the
question YES.
F(-2) = F(2) = F(4) = F(16). Thus, (B) must be
true.
The other choices are not necessarily true,
consider F(x) = 3.

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67. Answer A
In fact, we have the sum of n integers:
(..9) + (..1) + (..9) + (..1) + ...
If n is even then this sum ends with 0, if it's
odd then this sum ends with 9. S1 is
obviously sufficient, S2 is not (2 is prime
and even, 3 is prime and odd).

68. Answer D
There is still room for 10 crates of apples.
The weight of 10 crates of apples is the same
as the weight of
3
1
13
3
4
= 10 crates of
oranges. Because the number of crates has to
be an integer, the lorry can accommodate a
maximum of 13 crates of oranges.

69. Answer E
John will pay $1.20 for two hours between 4 pm
to 6 pm, $5.40 for three hours between 6 pm and
9 pm, $3.60 for three hours between 9 pm and
midnight, and $0.60 for the hour after midnight.
The total payment will constitute $1.20 + $5.40
+ $3.60 + $0.60 = $10.80.

70. Answer D
Deborah and Mike will meet in the library in
34 = 12 days on Saturday.

Thank you very much for your support of GMAT Club
Please send your comments and questions to questions@gmatclub.com

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