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DEMO TITLES







Variable Frequency drives PMSM
Case I: Converter as AFE (Active Font End) Rectifier
Case II: Converter as 18-Pulse Diode Rectifier
Author: Tshibain Tshibungu
Simsmart Technologies Inc.
Brossard, Quebec
Canada


Software used: Simsmart Engineering Suite V6 (ES V6)


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1. OBJECTIVE AND DESCRIPTION

The following test cases are done in order to test and validate the power electronics
components from the Engineering suite V6 Electrical library and analog components.

A three phase voltage source

supplies a VFD that drives an

ungrounded PMSM. A 700 Volts DC voltage must supply the inverter.

The PMSM has the following parameters:

At t = 0 s the reference speed is set to 150 rad/s and reverse to -100 rad/s at t = 0.4 s. The
maximum torque allows is 12 Nm. Simulate the motor drives using a Voltage Source Inverter
with an input LC filter.

Case I: The converter is an AFE Rectifier

The VFD is designed as an AFE (Active Font End) Rectifier follows by a 2-Level Inverter. The AFE
must draw a unity power factor current.

Case II: The converter is 18-pulse diode Rectifier

The VFD is designed as 18-Pulse diode Rectifier follows by a 2-Level Inverter.

2. PROCESSES DATA

IGBT and Diode with snubber



Case I: The converter is an AFE Rectifier

The IGBT on the AFE side is built as an ideal switch in parallel with a diode.

Source (cosine wave)

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LC filter with damping resistor

Voltage and dq currents regulators

DC link capacitor pre-charged at 700 V

,

Switching frequency and PLL (Phase Locked Loop) PI controller

Case II: The converter is 18-pulse diode Rectifier

Source (cosine wave)

Phase shifting transformers (Ynz -20 deg, Ynz -20 deg)

Transformers (Yny 0 deg)

DC link capacitor pre-charged at 700 V



Breaking Resistor for a maximum DC voltage of 800 V






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The diagram block control of VSI




Currents controllers

()

For q axis,

()

For d axis
Speed controller

Switching frequency and LC filter with damping resistor

3. SIMULATION PARAMETERS

The simulation was run in time domain with sample time of

4. PROCESSES REPRESENTATION IN ES V6

See the end of the document




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5. ENGINEERING SUITE V6 RESULTS

Case I: The converter is an AFE Rectifier







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NETWORK CURRENT FOURIER ANALYSES

In steady state when speed is 150 rad/s



In steady state when speed is -100 rad/s





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Conclusion

The following conclusions can be made:
the network current in steady state contains less harmonics (1.2 %) as displayed
above,
In steady state, Fourier analyses show that the fundamental network current
(sinewave) is nearly in phase with the source voltage (cosinewave),
In order to avoid the inrush network current (normally due to the capacitor charging),
a precharged capacitor has been used,
the torque and motor current have less harmonics (not calculated) and the torque
doesnt exceed the maximum allowed (12 Nm).




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Case II: The converter is 18-pulse diode Rectifier








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NETWORK CURRENT FOURIER ANALYSES

In steady state when speed is 150 rad/s



In steady state when speed is -100 rad/s







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Conclusion

The following conclusions can be made:
the network current in steady state contains nearly 6 % harmonics as displayed
above,
In order to avoid the inrush network current (normally due to the capacitor charging),
a precharged capacitor has been used,
the torque and motor current have less harmonics (not calculated) and the torque
doesnt exceed the maximum allowed (12 Nm).




6. REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Power electronics. Converters, applications and design, 2nd edition.
Mohan / Underland / Robbins.

2. Power electronics. Converter Harmonics. Multipulse methods for clean power.
Derek A. Paice

3. Electric Motor Drives. Modeling, Analysis, and Control.
R. Krishnan.






3
K
Reference speed
3
M
N S
ITL

K
K
Speed controller
C

s b b
s a a s G 1 0
1 0

) (
s b b
s a a s G 1 0
1 0

) (

a
b
c
d

q
0
d
0
a

b
c q
K
K
C
Iq*
Id*= 0
>
>
>

Current q-axis controller

Current d-axis controller
Iabc to dq
Vdq to abc
Vabc / (0.5 Vdc)
C
ITL
C
X
X
Flux

Vdc / 2
Mechanical speed
K
KK
3
A
Ia Ia Ib Ib Ic Ic
Electrical rotor position
(Theta_Electrical)
s b b
s a a s G 1 0
1 0

) (
s b b
s a a s G 1 0
1 0

) (
3 1 a
b
c
3
P
3
3
3 1 a
b
c
3
3
A
I a I a I b I b I c I c
K

V V C
T
V
3 3
3
3
3 3
3
3
3 3
3
3
Phase Shifting transformer
Yz -20 deg
Transformer Yy 0 deg
3
/Yn Zn
3
Yn Yn
3
/Yn Zn
3 1 a
b
c
Phase Shifting transformer
Yz +20 deg

C B
r
e
a
k
in
g
R
e
s
is
t
o
r
3 1a
b
c
Ungrounded PMSM
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES AN PMSM WITH AN 18-PULSE DIODE RECTIFIER
3
3
3
3
3
3
A
Ia Ia Ib Ib Ic Ic
V VC T
V
3
A
I a I a I b I b I c I c
3 1 a
b
c
Vdc reference
Vdc measured
d
0
a

b
c q
C

a
b
c
d

q
0
d
0
a

b
c q
K
K
K
K
C
Id*
Iq*= 0
K

s b b s a a s G 1 0 1 0 ) (

C
PLL
Phi angle from PLL
Iabc to Idq
Vabc to Vdq
Phi angle from PLL
To abc/dq and dq/abc
transformation blocks
ITL
ITL
ITL

K
K
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES AN PMSM WITH AN ACTIVE FRONT END RECTIFIER
s b b s a a s G 1 0 1 0 ) (
s b b s a a s G 1 0 1 0 ) (
3 1a
b
c
3
K
Reference speed
3
M
N S
ITL

K
K
Speed controller
C

s b b s a a s G 1 0 1 0 ) (
s b b s a a s G 1 0 1 0 ) (

a
b
c
d

q
0
d
0
a

b
c q
K
K
C
Iq*
Id*= 0

Current q-axis controller

Current d-axis controller
Iabc to dq
Vdq to abc
Vabc / (0.5 Vdc)
ITL
C
X
X
Flux

s b b s a a s G 1 0 1 0 ) (
s b b s a a s G 1 0 1 0 ) (
Vdc / 2
Mechanical speed
KK
3
A
Ia Ia Ib Ib Ic Ic
Electrical rotor position
(Theta_Electrical)
K
P
3
3
3 3 3 3
3
3
3
3
A
I a I a I b I b I c I c
C
>
>
>
>
>
>
sb
b
sa
a
sG
1
0
1
0
)(
C

Ungrounded PMSM
Lf
Cf
Rf
Ls Rs
3
3
3
3
3
3
A
Ia Ia Ib Ib Ic Ic